CN109787205A - Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method based on additional virtual inductance coefficent - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method based on additional virtual inductance coefficent, belongs to flexible DC transmission technology field.Submodule part cuts off the calculation method influenced on AC system after first proposed inverter outlet short circuit, comprehensively consider the discharge capacity of IGBT device and the connecting-disconnecting function of dc circuit breaker, it is proposed it is a kind of reduction failure after submodule investment ratio Converter DC-side short trouble fault current suppressing method, it is proposed simultaneously it is a kind of enter in control system after adaptively changing failure that submodule puts into the fault current suppressing method of ratio again by virtual inductor coefficient mapping, and give the setting method of virtual inductor coefficient.Present invention application on MMC inverter can effectively reduce the climbing speed of fault current, reduce the overcurrent stress of dc circuit breaker disengagement failure device, have good economy and practicability compared with additional current limiter carries out the method for fault current inhibition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flexible DC transmission technology field, in particular to the direct fault current of a kind of MMC inverter presses down
Method processed, espespecially a kind of Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method based on additional virtual inductance coefficent.
Background technique
2001, German scholar R.Marquardt and A.Lesnicar proposed modularization multi-level converter (modular
Multilevel converter, MMC), push D.C. high voltage transmission (high voltage direct current
Transmission, HVDC) technology development.So far, the domestic MMC-HVDC engineering to have put into operation has: Shanghai Nanhui demonstration
Engineering, Nan'ao engineering, Zhoushan engineering and Xiamen engineering etc..These engineerings all use cable power transmission, but compared with overhead line, cable
Cost is high, and failure is mostly permanent, not easy to overhaul and maintenance.So it is defeated that flexible DC transmission technology is expanded to overhead line
Electric field conjunction is a trend of power grid future development.
For cable, the probability that short trouble occurs for overhead line is larger, and therefore, fault clearance and error protection are asked
It inscribes particularly important.In existing fault clearance mode, dc circuit breaker can disengagement failure electric current in a short period of time, but
In actual conditions, fault current is often very big, and due to the limitation of technology, the ability of dc circuit breaker drop-out current is again limited.
Further, since using a large amount of power electronic devices, cause dc circuit breaker cost very high.Another way is to use to have
The submodule of failure self-cleaning ability, such as bridge-type submodule, clamp Shuangzi module.This kind of submodule can be produced by itself
A raw backward voltage, blocks fault current in a short time.But compared with semi-bridge type submodule, the electric power electricity of this kind of submodule
Sub- number of devices and loss increased, and economy largely limits their applications in practical projects.At present
Until, for the DC side failure of inverter, the fault current suppressing method of use, which is all also to rely on, changes opening up for submodule
It flutters structure and adds external current limiter and carry out failure current limit, these current limiting measures are all excessively high there is on-state loss and control
The additional disadvantage of system processed, it is still not electric to MMC converter fault is carried out by the control measure after change converter fault
The way of ductility limit.
Summary of the invention
The Converter DC-side fault current suppression based on additional virtual inductance coefficent that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Method processed solves the above problem of the existing technology.The invention proposes after converter fault according to AC system pair
The selection side of the minimum investment ratio of the submodule that the ability to bear of Voltage Drop and the Breaking capacity of dc circuit breaker comprehensively consider
Method, and submodule input ratio after failure is described under conditions of guaranteeing that inverter is not latched according to the discharge capacity during IGBT
Inductance coefficent is mapped into control system and carried out directly by the calculation method of the security interval of example in addition, introducing a virtual inductor coefficient
It flows side fault current to inhibit, ultimately forms the MMC DC side fault current suppressing method of a set of completion, the method can be applied
Inhibit in the DC side fault current of flexible direct current power grid.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method based on additional virtual inductance coefficent, comprising the following steps:
Step (1) converter fault discharge loop it is equivalent；
The calculating of alternating current after the excision of step (2) submodule part；
Submodule investment ratio calculates after step (3) failure；
The adjusting of step (4) virtual inductor coefficient.
Converter fault discharge loop described in step (1) it is equivalent, using MMC Converter DC-side occur intereelectrode short-circuit
The equivalent method of discharge loop after failure.
The calculating of alternating current after the excision of submodule part described in step (2), the specific steps are as follows:
Because the DC voltage that excision submodule generates falls Δ U after failuredc, alternating voltage fall Δ Udiff, alternating current
Component Δ IacIt is respectively as follows:
ΔUdc=(1-kmin)Udc (1)
Wherein: kminThe minimum value of ratio, U are put into for setting submoduledcDC voltage value is exported for converter valve, m is modulation
Than LeqFor AC system equivalent inductance, ReqFor AC system equivalent resistance, R0For arm resistance, L0For bridge arm inductance.
Submodule investment ratio calculates after failure described in step (3), using the calculation method of submodule investment ratio.
The adjusting of virtual inductor coefficient described in step (4) is adjusted according to the virtual inductor coefficient of submodule investment ratio
Method.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: application can effectively reduce the upper raising speed of fault current on MMC inverter
Rate reduces the overcurrent stress of dc circuit breaker disengagement failure device, and the side of fault current inhibition is carried out with additional current limiter
Method, which is compared, has good economy and practicability.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, and is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is MMC inverter topology diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the system modulation schematic diagram under steady state operating conditions of the invention；
Fig. 3 is submodule discharge loop figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is submodule electric discharge equivalent circuit diagram before taking control measure of the invention；
Fig. 5 is submodule discharge loop figure after taking control measure of the invention；
Fig. 6 is system modulation schematic diagram after improvement control measure of the invention；
Fig. 7 is flow diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Detailed content and its specific embodiment of the invention are further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the Converter DC-side fault current of the invention based on additional virtual inductance coefficent presses down
Method processed solves flexible direct current grid short circuit electric current suppressing method, first proposed submodule after inverter outlet short circuit
The calculation method influenced on AC system is partially cut off, the discharge capacity of IGBT device and cut-offfing for dc circuit breaker are comprehensively considered
Ability, propose it is a kind of reduction failure after submodule investment ratio Converter DC-side short trouble fault current inhibition side
Method, while proposing a kind of to enter in control system after adaptively changing failure by virtual inductor coefficient mapping and submodule input ratio
The fault current suppressing method of example, and give the setting method of virtual inductor coefficient.The present invention applies energy on MMC inverter
It enough effectively reduces the climbing speed of fault current, reduces the overcurrent stress of dc circuit breaker disengagement failure device, and it is additional
The method that current limiter carries out fault current inhibition, which is compared, has good economy and practicability.
1, converter fault discharge loop is equivalent, using putting after MMC Converter DC-side generation intereelectrode short-circuit failure
The equivalent method of electrical circuit.
MMC inverter topological structure as shown in Figure 1, under normal operating conditions, by the opening of power device VT1, VT2/
Shutdown is so that submodule is in the working condition of investment or excision.Submodule is in investment state, and capacitor charging or electric discharge are by working as
Preceding moment bridge arm current direction determines, when flowing to the instantaneous value of electric current of submodule greater than 0, submodule capacitor charging, on the contrary
Then it is in discharge condition.When submodule is in excision state, bridge arm current constitutes circuit by VD1, VT2.Three-phase bridge arm is always
In symmetry status, the sum of submodule of each mutually upper and lower bridge arm investment is identical, for maintaining the steady of inverter DC voltage
Fixed, the submodule input quantity of upper and lower bridge arm is determined by the reference voltage that control system in station generates, and generates desired friendship by modulation
Side voltage is flowed, the modulation principle under steady operation is as shown in Figure 2.
Intereelectrode short-circuit occurs for MMC Converter DC-side, and submodule capacitor discharge loop schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.After failure
The submodule of investment state is identical with the submodule quantity in excision state.When submodule is in investment state, submodule electricity
Appearance passes through VT1Electric discharge, and the submodule VD by being in excision state2Constitute closed circuit is caused due to loop damping very little
Direct fault current increases sharply.
DC side generation is short-circuit, in the immovable situation of control strategy, it is believed that the submodule quantity of each bridge arm investment
It is still N, in addition N number of submodule is in excision state.Due to the effect of grading ring section, after each submodule can participate in failure
Discharge process, it is assumed that submodule voltage is Uc under original state, constant based on capacitor energy storage and bear the constant original of voltage
Then have:
In formula: CphFor the equivalent capacity of discharge loop, C0For single submodule capacitor, UdcFor under inverter steady-state operation
DC voltage, U0For the voltage rating of single submodule, N is the number of submodule.
Bipolar short trouble occurs for DC side and inverter is not latched, and submodule capacitor is by short dot through bridge arm inductance structure
At circuit electric discharge, equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 4.
2, the calculating of alternating current after submodule part is cut off
It reduces Converter DC-side exit potential and is able to suppress direct-current short circuit current-rising-rate, but the excision quantity of submodule
It is limited by various aspects.Need to comprehensively consider ability to bear, the dc circuit breaker configuration capacity requirement etc. of exchange side Voltage Drop
Factor, the minimum value k of setting submodule investment ratiomin。
The modulation ratio of definition system:
Wherein: UdiffmTo exchange fundamental voltage amplitude, UdcDC voltage value is exported for converter valve.
Because the DC voltage that excision submodule generates falls Δ U after failuredc, alternating voltage fall Δ Udiff, alternating current
Component Δ IacIt is respectively as follows:
ΔUdc=(1-kmin)Udc (2-2)
Wherein: kminThe minimum value of ratio, U are put into for setting submoduledcDC voltage value is exported for converter valve, m is modulation
Than LeqFor AC system equivalent inductance, ReqFor AC system equivalent resistance, R0For arm resistance, L0For bridge arm inductance.
The caused DC voltage of submodule capacitor electric discharge lands before ignoring excision failure, if ac-side current is by excision submodule
Voltage landing caused by block generates alternating current component and works normally component composition, the alternating current width under steady-state operating condition
Value IacIt can indicate are as follows:
P, Q is respectively the active and reactive power that system is transmitted under steady operation, UNFor AC system rating operating voltage.
Then exchange the alternating current of side are as follows:
Iac_max=Δ Iac+Iac (2-6)
3, the calculating of bridge arm current after submodule part is cut off
Solving second-order circuit shown in Fig. 4 can loop current such as formula (3-1).
In formula: 1/ δ is discharge current damping time constant；ω0For the natural angular frequency of discharge loop, i.e. resonance angular frequency
Rate；ω is the angular frequency of discharge circuit electric current；β is electric current initial phase angle caused by initial current.Above four parameters are joined by circuit
Number decision,
Wherein,
Rst is much smaller than under normal circumstancesTherefore ω ≈ ω0, i (t) can be carried out simplified:
It enables:
Have:
I (t)=i ' (t)+i " (t) (3-4)
Wherein: i ' (t) is fault current component caused by submodule capacitor discharges, and i " (t) is the generation of DC current initial value
Fault current component.
Then bridge arm current iarmIt can be expressed as
Its bridge arm current peak value i at the failure removal momentarm_maxIt is represented by
In formula:It is big for the DC converter outlet direct fault current at failure removal moment (after such as 6ms occurs for failure)
It is small,For Fundamental-frequency Current size in excision moment failure bridge arm.
By formula (3-1) as it can be seen that after the investment number of submodule can reduce converter fault after reduction converter fault
Discharge voltage is to reduce the climbing speed of fault current.The feelings to change after failure in the number of inverter investment submodule
Under condition, by formula (1-2) it is found that the equivalent capacitance value in equivalent discharge loop also changes.If being put into after taking regulation measure
Submodule number becomes the k (k≤1) under normal operating conditions times, and electric discharge equivalent circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
By formula (3-4) as it can be seen that fault current is caused to obtain initially on fault component i ' (t) and inductance by the electric discharge of submodule capacitor
Current component i " (t) two parts composition, meter and submodule capacitor discharge fault current component, and due to being gone here and there in discharge loop
The frequency of oscillation for entering discharge loop after current-limiting reactor is very low, i.e. ω0Very little, therefore exist in several ms after failure: sin
(ω0T)=ω0T can simplify i ' (t):
Derivation is carried out to i ' (t):
Due to δ ≈ 0, current rise rate can be reduced in several ms after failure generation
The fault current climbing speed before control measure is taken to be
Work as U0=kUdcWhen, the climbing speed of fault current is
The exit potential of inverter after failure is become to k times under normal operating condition, son it can be seen from formula (3-11)
Fault current caused by module capacitance is discharged is k (k≤1) times of traditional regulating strategy.
Bridge arm current can then indicate are as follows:
4, after failure submodule investment ratio calculating
If the rated operational current of IGBT is IN, according to the safety operation area of IGBT device, maximum reliable locking electricity
Load current value, that is, 2I that stream is 2 timesN, when bridge arm current is more than 2INWhen, inverter will be unable to reliably be latched, power electronic devices
It will burn.
For the safety for guaranteeing IGBT device, inverter does not have under barring condition during failure removal:
Iarm_max≤2IN (4-1)
Joint type (3-6), then have:
It enables:
It can be obtained by DC current initial value and direct fault current climbing:
In formula: Idc0For the DC current values in the case of steady operation.
Joint type (4-3), (4-4) can acquire to guarantee that failure removal device is to guarantee inverter not under barring condition
Submodule puts into ratio maximum value kmax。
The submodule quantity of upper and lower bridge arm investment is at this time
Nup=round [(0.5+0.5Vref)*kmax*N] (4-5)
Ndown=round [(0.5-0.5Vref)*kmax*N] (4-6)
5, the adjusting of virtual inductor coefficient, according to the virtual inductor coefficient setting method of submodule investment ratio.
Virtual inductor coefficient L is introduced in the controlsC, enableThe modulation Absent measures frame of control system
Figure is as shown in Figure 6.
As seen from Figure 6, the virtual inductor coefficient in control system does not play a role under steady-state operating condition, only
It breaks down in DC side, with DC current idcIt quicklys increase, modulation link can reduce submodule during failure automatically
Investment number inhibits fault current to reduce inverter exit potential after failure occurs.Interpolar occurs in inverter exit
Short circuit belongs to the fault condition of most serious, under this fault condition to failure after submodule investment ratio k adjust.Due to event
Barrier is very short to the time during breaker excision failure after occurring, during this period it is considered that the rate of rise of fault current is normal
Number, i.e. current changing rate are constant, therefore can be by setting valve k to virtual inductor coefficient LcIt is adjusted.
It enables:
Then virtual inductor parameter is
Wherein, inductance value total in direct-current discharge circuit when L is the short circuit of inverter exit.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for the technology of this field
For personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. made for the present invention,
It should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method based on additional virtual inductance coefficent, it is characterised in that: including
Following steps:
Step (1) converter fault discharge loop it is equivalent；
The calculating of alternating current after the excision of step (2) submodule part；
Submodule investment ratio calculates after step (3) failure；
The adjusting of step (4) virtual inductor coefficient.
2. the Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method according to claim 1 based on additional virtual inductance coefficent,
It is characterized by: converter fault discharge loop described in step (1) is equivalent, interpolar is occurred using MMC Converter DC-side
The equivalent method of discharge loop after short trouble.
3. the Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method according to claim 1 based on additional virtual inductance coefficent,
It is characterized by: submodule part described in step (2) excision after alternating current calculating, the specific steps are as follows:
Because the DC voltage that excision submodule generates falls Δ U after failuredc, alternating voltage fall Δ Udiff, alternating current component
ΔIacIt is respectively as follows:
ΔUdc=(1-kmin)Udc (1)
Wherein: kminThe minimum value of ratio, U are put into for setting submoduledcDC voltage value is exported for converter valve, m is modulation ratio,
LeqFor AC system equivalent inductance, ReqFor AC system equivalent resistance, R0For arm resistance, L0For bridge arm inductance.
4. the Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method according to claim 1 based on additional virtual inductance coefficent,
It is characterized by: submodule investment ratio calculates after failure described in step (3), using the calculating side of submodule investment ratio
Method.
5. the Converter DC-side fault current suppressing method according to claim 1 based on additional virtual inductance coefficent,
It is characterized by: the adjusting of virtual inductor coefficient described in step (4), the virtual inductor coefficient according to submodule investment ratio is whole
Determine method.
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Effective date of registration: 20201229 Address after: No. 169, Changchun Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132000 Patentee after: NORTHEAST DIANLI University Patentee after: SONGYUAN POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID JILINSHENG ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY Co. Address before: No. 169, Changchun Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132000 Patentee before: NORTHEAST DIANLI University |