CN109786975B - Device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane - Google Patents
Device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane, which is used for solving the technical problem that dead angles exist in the radiation direction of an OAM wave beam which is distributed in the track plane and radiated directionally in the prior art, and comprises a lens and a feed source, wherein the lens is formed by laminating M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates which are equal in height and sequentially increase in radius from inside to outside, the bottom end of the lens is large, the top end of the lens is small or closed, and M is greater than 2; the circular horn-shaped dielectric plate is formed by splicing N dielectric rings with sequentially increased radiuses from top to bottom, wherein N is greater than 3; the equivalent dielectric constant of the M multiplied by N dielectric rings shows gradient change which is gradually reduced from the bottom end to the top end; each medium ring is formed by splicing different numbers of medium units with hollow interiors and approximately hexahedral structures in appearance. Finally, after OAM vortex electromagnetic waves are converted by the lens, beams of the OAM vortex electromagnetic waves are radiated omnidirectionally on the track plane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and relates to a device for realizing plane omnidirectional radiation of an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track, which can be used in the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
The orbital angular momentum OAM vortex electromagnetic wave has the advantages of increasing the transmission bandwidth, so that the efficient utilization of frequency band resources can be realized in the field of wireless communication. A spherical coordinate system is established by taking a feed source as a spherical center, the center of an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave beam is in a concave inverted cone shape, the inverted cone-shaped beam is symmetrical about a central normal on the radiation surface of the feed source, the radiation direction of a beam main lobe is in a direction of 25-45 degrees, the beam is intensively distributed in a space surrounded by two inverted cone surfaces with elevation angles of 15-55 degrees, and the beam radiation has the characteristic of directionality. By means of the characteristic, the radiation elevation angle of the main lobe of the wave beam is folded by various methods in the prior art, so that the wave beam is intensively distributed in a space surrounded by an inverted conical surface with the elevation angle smaller than 10 degrees. By the method for improving the inherent divergence characteristic of the OAM wave beam by reducing the divergence angle, the energy diffusion phenomenon caused by the increase of the radius of the annular wave beam along with the increase of the transmission distance in the wireless transmission of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave is solved, and the remote transmission capability of the wave beam is indirectly improved.
As wireless communication receiving equipment puts higher demands on the OAM beam radiation angle range, the demands on the beam radiation direction and the beam radiation plane are also diversified. The inherent non-orbital plane radiation direction of the OAM wave beam can not meet the requirement that wireless communication receiving equipment receives the OAM wave beam without dead angles, so that the OAM wave beam is greatly limited in the application to the wireless communication technology neighborhood.
An OAM (electromagnetic Wave Orbital plane radiation) device for eddy electromagnetic Wave Beam Orbital plane radiation is disclosed in a paper published by Shilii, Chenliling et al, "the publication of Beam Steering Based on plane Spiral or Angular Momentum Wave" (IEEE Transactions on Antennas and propagation 10.1109/TAP.2017.27862971558-22212018, 3 months). The device comprises three structures of a circular slot antenna, an annular horn and a feed source. The circular slot antenna adopts a uniform dielectric structure with an I-shaped cross section and filled with dielectric materials, and two feed ports are reserved at the bottom orthogonal position. The annular horn is of a ferrite metal structure with the same ring inner diameter as the radius of the circular slot antenna, and the horn opening and the circular groove of the annular horn are both positioned in the plane of the track and are symmetrical about a transverse central axis. A circular slot antenna is embedded in the ring of the annular horn, and a resonant cavity is formed in the space with the I-shaped cross section. The feed source comprises 4 devices such as a vector analyzer, a power divider, a phase shifter, a hybrid coupler and the like, two paths of signals generated by the vector analyzer are subjected to power division and phase shifting, and the hybrid coupler transmits two paths of eigenmode signals with 90-degree phase difference to two feed ports of the circular slot antenna. The device firstly generates OAM vortex electromagnetic waves by a circular slot antenna; then deflecting the wave beam through a resonant cavity between the circular slot antenna and the annular horn so as to intensively distribute the OAM wave beam in a track plane; wave beam superposition and wave beam energy focusing are carried out on OAM vortex electromagnetic waves with different eigenmode numbers by means of two paths of eigenmode signals output by the feed source, so that OAM wave beams are radiated in a highly directional mode. The device has the advantages that the deflection of the OAM wave beam is realized by combining the characteristic that the opening of the annular horn is positioned on the track plane and the resonant cavity between the circular slot antenna and the annular horn, so that the OAM wave beam is intensively distributed in the track plane.
However, the device still has the following defects: although the OAM wave beams radiated by the hybrid coupler can be intensively distributed in the track plane, the wave beam radiation direction has the characteristic of high directionality, and the azimuth angle representing the wave beam radiation direction is less than 90 degrees, so that the wave beams cannot realize omnidirectional radiation of 360 degrees in all azimuth angles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the device is used for solving the technical problem that dead angles exist in the radiation direction of the OAM wave beams which are distributed in the track plane and radiate directionally in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: lens 1 and feed 2, wherein:
the lens 1 is formed by stacking M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11 which are equal in height and sequentially increased in radius from inside to outside, the bottom end of the lens is large, the top end of the lens is small or closed, and M is>2, the circular horn-shaped dielectric plate 11 is formed by splicing N dielectric rings 111 with sequentially increasing radiuses from top to bottom, wherein N is>The equivalent dielectric constant of the 3, M × N dielectric rings 111 shows a gradient change gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the dielectric rings 111 are SijThe medium units 1111 with hollowed inner parts and similar hexahedral structures in appearance are spliced to form the medium units 1111, the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the medium units 1111 are parallel, the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces are arc surfaces, the curvature radius is the same, and n isijDenotes a dielectric element in the jth dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, nij>3, n contained in each dielectric ring 111ijNumber S ofijSatisfy the requirement of
SijIndicates the number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate, VijIndicating the ith circular horn mediumThe jth dielectric element in the plate is the volume of the solid dielectric ring, vijRepresenting the volume of the jth solid dielectric element in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate;
the feed source 2 is used for generating OAM vortex electromagnetic waves, the feed source 2 is fixed on a central axis on one side of the bottom end of the lens 1 through a support 3, and the focus of the generated OAM vortex electromagnetic waves is located in a cavity of the lens 1.
In the device for realizing the plane omnidirectional radiation of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track, the central axes of the M circular horn-shaped dielectric slabs 11 are overlapped, and the conical angle when the top end opening is small or closed is alpha, wherein the alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees.
In the above device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbit plane, the medium unit 1111 has a curvature radius r of its inner and outer surfacesijSatisfy the relation:
wherein r isijRadius of curvature of inner and outer surfaces of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijArc length of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijSatisfies the following conditions:
ψijis expressed as the included angle phi between the two side surfaces of the jth dielectric ring in the ith round horn-shaped dielectric plateijSatisfies the following conditions:
Cijexpressed as the circumference, S, of the jth dielectric ring in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric slabijThe number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate is shown, i is 1,2,3, … …, and M, j is 1,2,3, … …, N.
In the above device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of OAM eddy electromagnetic wave orbit plane, the medium units 1111 are disposed at an inclined angle with a horizontal plane included angle of β,
15°≤β≤75°。
in the above device for realizing the planar omnidirectional radiation of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track, the shape of the hollow-out body hollowed-out inside the medium unit 1111 is spherical or cylindrical.
In the device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of the plane of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track, the hollowed-out body is quadrangular prism-shaped, the central axis of the hollowed-out body in the height direction is perpendicular to the inner surface and the outer surface of the medium unit 1111, and the hollowed-out body is communicated with the inner surface or the outer surface of the medium unit 1111 or both the inner surface and the outer surface of the medium unit 1111.
In the device for realizing the omnidirectional radiation of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane, the bottom side length phi of the quadrangular hollow bodyijSatisfies the following conditions:
wherein u represents the side length of the solid dielectric unit, represents the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material used by the jth solid dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate,ijand the equivalent relative dielectric constant of the j dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate after the hollow body is removed is shown.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the lens adopts a circular horn-shaped structure with a small top end or a closed top end and a large bottom end, and is formed by laminating M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates, each circular horn-shaped dielectric plate is formed by splicing N dielectric rings, the circular horn-shaped structure of the MxN dielectric rings is combined with the MxN step, and the equivalent relative dielectric constant gradient change gradually reduced from the bottom end to the top end is realized, the two conditions are combined, so that the OAM wave beam radiated from the outer surface of the lens can carry out omnidirectional radiation on the track plane, and compared with the prior art, the azimuth angle of the OAM wave beam distributed in the track plane is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the overall structure of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front, side, top, bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a circular horn-shaped dielectric slab according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a dielectric ring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a media unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the transformation medium relationship between the virtual space and the physical space of the lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the present invention for building a three-dimensional lens using Matlab-Api-HFSS programming;
fig. 8 is a diagram of OAM vortex electromagnetic wave phase distribution before and after the use of a lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a plot of the near field strength before and after use of the lens of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a far field two-dimensional radiation pattern before and after the use of a lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a far field three dimensional radiation pattern before and after the use of a lens according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
in example 1, the lens used in this example has a circular horn-shaped structure with a small top opening and a large bottom opening.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention includes a lens 1 and a feed 2.
The lens 1 is formed by stacking 8 circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11 which are equal in height and have sequentially increased radiuses from inside to outside in a mode that central axes are overlapped, and a conical angle alpha at the top end is 90 degrees; the circular horn-shaped dielectric slab 11 is formed by splicing 17 dielectric rings 111 with sequentially increasing radiuses from top to bottom, and the equivalent relative dielectric constants of the 136 dielectric rings 111 are in gradient change gradually decreasing from top to bottom.
The dielectric ring 111 is composed of SijThe hollow medium units 1111 with the similar hexahedral structure in shape are spliced to form the medium units 1111, the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the medium units 1111 are parallel, the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces are arc surfaces, the curvature radiuses are the same, and water is used for the medium units 1111Angle β is set at 45 deg. angle of inclinationijDenotes a dielectric element in the jth dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, nij>3, n contained in each dielectric ring 111ijNumber S ofijSatisfy the requirement of
SijIndicates the number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate, VijRepresents the volume of a solid dielectric ring of the jth dielectric unit in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, vijThe volume of the jth solid dielectric element in the ith circular trumpet-shaped dielectric slab is shown.
The radius of curvature r of the inner and outer surfaces of the medium unit 1111ijSatisfy the relation:
wherein r isijRadius of curvature of inner and outer surfaces of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijArc length of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijSatisfies the following conditions:
ψijis expressed as the included angle phi between the two side surfaces of the jth dielectric ring in the ith round horn-shaped dielectric plateijSatisfies the following conditions:
Cijexpressed as the circumference, S, of the jth dielectric ring in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric slabijThe number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate is shown, i is 1,2,3, …,8, j is 1,2,3, … and 17.
The hollow 11112 formed by hollowing out the inside of the medium unit 1111 is in a quadrangular prism shape, the central axis of the medium unit 1111 in the height direction is perpendicular to the inner surface and the outer surface of the medium unit 1111, and the hollow is communicated with the inner surface and the outer surface of the medium unit 1111. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,the rectangular prism-shaped hollow 11112 has a bottom side length phiijSatisfies the following conditions:
wherein u represents the side length of the solid dielectric unit 1111, and u is 4mm, and represents the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material used for the jth solid dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, which is 7.45,ijthe equivalent relative permittivity of the jth dielectric ring 111 of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate after the hollow-out body is removed is shown.
The feed source 2 is used for generating OAM vortex electromagnetic waves, the feed source 2 is fixed on a central axis on one side of the bottom end of the lens 1 through a support 3, and the focus of the generated OAM vortex electromagnetic waves is located in a cavity of the lens 1.
Example 2, the lens used in this example is a round horn-shaped structure with a closed top end and a large open bottom end.
The characteristic of the closed top end of the lens is embodied in that a first circular horn-shaped medium plate on the inner surface of the lens is formed by splicing 17 medium rings with sequentially increased radiuses from top to bottom, but the inner diameter of the ring of the top end medium ring forming the circular horn-shaped medium plate is 0mm, so that a medium ring with a closed center is formed. The other structures and the feeds used are the same as in embodiment 1.
Although embodiment 2 can achieve the object of embodiment 1 in terms of achieving omnidirectional radiation of the beam in the track plane, compared with embodiment 1, although the top structure has a closed property which can reduce the OAM beam from overflowing from the top end of the lens without being converted by the lens, the closed property causes a small amount of mixed beams of mutual reflection interference distributed in a narrow space at the top end of the lens to enter the lens to affect the deflection performance of the OAM beam, so that embodiment 2 has no good effect as compared with embodiment 1.
The design steps of the invention comprise the following steps:
1. the shape of the lens 1, the number of the dielectric rings 111, the number of the circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11, and the position coordinates of the lens are determined.
First, the feed source 2 generates OAM eddy electromagnetic waves, and the beam is an inverted cone with a concave center, and takes a circular horn shape in order to completely cover the entire beam.
Next, the number of the dielectric rings 111 and the circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11 is determined. First, the number of dielectric rings 111 constituting the same circular horn-shaped dielectric plate 11 is determined. An OAM vortex electromagnetic wave beam generated by the feed source 2 is incident from the inner surface of the lens 1 (the inner surface of the first circular horn-shaped dielectric plate 11), and the beam deflection angle is 45 degrees. The length of the tangential side of the xoz rectangular section of the circular horn-shaped dielectric slab 11 is 4mm, the half-power lobe width in the maximum radiation direction is taken from the wave front field intensity distribution diagram, and in order to reduce the condition that the wave beam overflows from the top opening without being converted by the lens 1, the half-power lobe width of the wave beam can be completely covered when the length of the radial side is 68mm, so the wave beam is 17 rings. Secondly, determining the number of the circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11, the lens 1 of the invention, under the condition that the known dielectric constant is 7.5 at most, 1.42 at most and 17 rings at most, solves the boundary condition and the equivalent relative permittivity gradient distribution required by satisfying the boundary condition by the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) solver of the physical field simulation software Comsol Multiphysics, and obtains that the number of the circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11 can be 7-10. The invention can realize the deflection of the OAM wave beam in the direction with the elevation angle of 90 degrees when the number is 8 through continuous simulation verification, so that the OAM wave beam is intensively distributed on the track plane.
Finally, the position coordinates of the lens 1 are determined: establishing a three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system by taking the geometric center of the feed source 2 as an origin, selecting the position coordinates of the medium units intersected with the xoz plane in the 1 st circular horn-shaped medium plate as basic coordinates in order to accurately and quickly calculate the position coordinates of different medium units 1111, deducing and calculating the position coordinates of the other medium units 1111 and the position coordinates representing the whole lens 1, and using a symbol P1、r、
z represents P1(r,
z) wherein P1Represents the lowest point of the lens 1, and r represents the lowest point P1The projection distance from the projection point of the xoz plane to the origin,
represents the lowest point P1Z represents the lowest point P1Perpendicular distance to the plane xoz.
2. Determining the equivalent relative dielectric constant gradient distribution of the 136-ring dielectric ring 111
Firstly, determining a transformation medium conversion relation of the lens 1 from a virtual space to a physical space; then, setting Neumann-Dirichlet sliding boundary conditions at the edge of the lens 1; then, the equivalent relative permittivity corresponding to the dielectric rings 111 is calculated by a PDE solver, discretization is performed on the 136 equivalent relative permittivities according to a gradient that gradually decreases from the bottom end to the top end, and finally the gradient distribution of the equivalent relative permittivity of the 136 dielectric rings 111 is derived. Wherein the equivalent relative permittivity of each dielectric ring 111 is the same as the equivalent relative permittivity of the plurality of dielectric units 1111 constituting the layer structure, i.e. they have the same electromagnetic material parameters.
3. Matlab-Api-HFSS programming building three-dimensional lens
The construction of the three-dimensional lens is completed by programming and modeling in Ansys HFSS v18.0 software and Matlab software by using an Api interface program. The high efficiency, flexibility and plasticity of modeling can be realized by means of the current high-efficiency Matlab-Api-HFSS programming method.
The invention relates to a flow chart for programming and building a three-dimensional lens by utilizing Matlab-Api-HFSS, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) initializing general structural parameters of a lens model;
(2) calculating the coordinate of the 136-ring medium ring 111 to obtain a general coordinate formula;
(3) creating a modeling circulation structure of 17 annular dielectric rings 111 and 8 layers of circular horn-shaped dielectric plates 11;
(4) adjusting the number of layers to be a single numerical value and the number of rings to be a single numerical value to complete the construction of the specified medium ring 111;
(5) adjusting the number of layers to be a single value and the number of rings to be 17 rings to complete the construction of the specified circular horn-shaped dielectric slab 11;
(6) the number of the adjusting layers is 8 and the number of the rings is 17, and the full-automatic construction of the whole lens 1 is completed.
4. Process implementation of a device
Exporting a built full-electric medium lens three-dimensional model in simulation software (Ansys HFSS v18.0), selecting a printing material with a dielectric constant of 7.45 according to the electromagnetic material parameters required by the medium lens, selecting a proper 3D printer according to the printing precision requirement, and printing the whole lens 1 according to the exported model.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further explained by combining with simulation experiments
1. Simulation conditions and content
Simulation conditions are as follows: the lens 1 is placed at the central axial position right above the feed source, and the bottom surface of the lens 1 is lower than the position 5mm below the horizontal plane where the feed source 2 is located. The feed source 2 is a microstrip line array antenna, the working frequency of the microstrip line array antenna is 10GHz, 2-mode OAM vortex electromagnetic wave beams are generated, and simulation software comprises: ansys HFSS v 18.0.
Simulation content: 4-item simulation such as a near field intensity distribution diagram, a far field two-dimensional radiation pattern, a far field three-dimensional radiation pattern, an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave phase distribution diagram and the like is carried out by adopting the device.
2. Analysis of simulation results
The simulation results are shown in fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11. Referring to fig. 8, the phase compensation and the phase distribution of the OAM vortex electromagnetic beam transmitted from the outer surface of the lens 1 (the outer surface of the 8 th horn-shaped single layer structure) are not affected, and the phase distribution still presents a spiral state inherent to the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave. Referring to fig. 9, the beam transmitted from the outside of the lens 1 radiates electromagnetic waves to the periphery on the orbital plane, and the advancing direction of the wave is no longer the original fixed direction; with reference to fig. 10, it is seen in the two-dimensional far-field radiation pattern that the main lobe of the OAM beam radiated through the lens 1 is deflected by an angle of 90 °, so that the distribution of the beam in the orbital plane is achieved; referring to fig. 10 and 11, it is found that the azimuth angle of the OAM wave beam in the track plane is 360 °, so the wave beam radiation direction of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave is changed from directional radiation to omnidirectional radiation, and the simulation result is synthesized to verify that the invention realizes omnidirectional radiation of the OAM wave beam in the track plane.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations in form and detail may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention after understanding the content and principle of the present invention, but those modifications and variations are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbit plane omnidirectional radiation's realization device which characterized in that: comprising a lens (1) and a feed (2), wherein:
the lens (1) is formed by laminating M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates (11) which are equal in height and sequentially increased in radius from inside to outside, the bottom end of the lens is large, the top end of the lens is small or closed, and M is>2, the circular horn-shaped dielectric plate (11) is formed by splicing N dielectric rings (111) with sequentially increased radiuses from top to bottom, wherein N is>The equivalent dielectric constant of the 3, M × N dielectric rings (111) shows a gradient change which is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top, and the dielectric rings (111) are SijThe medium units (1111) with hollowed inner parts and similar hexahedral structures in appearance are spliced to form the medium unit, the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the medium units (1111) are parallel, the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces are arc surfaces, the curvature radii of the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces are the same, and n isijDenotes a dielectric element in the jth dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, nij>N contained in each dielectric ring (111)ijNumber S ofijSatisfy the requirement of
i＝1,2,3,……,M,j＝1,2,3,……,N，SijIndicates the number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate, VijRepresents the volume of a solid dielectric ring of the jth dielectric unit in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, vijIs shown asThe volume of the jth solid medium unit in the i circular horn-shaped medium plates;
the feed source (2) is used for generating OAM vortex electromagnetic waves, the feed source (2) is fixed on a central axis on one side of the bottom end of the lens (1) through a support (3), and the focus of the generated OAM vortex electromagnetic waves is located in a cavity of the lens (1).
2. The device for realizing OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbit plane omnidirectional radiation according to claim 1, wherein central axes of the M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates (11) are overlapped, and a cone angle when a top end opening of a lens (1) formed by the M circular horn-shaped dielectric plates (11) is small or closed is alpha, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees.
3. The OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbit plane omni-directional radiation implementation device of claim 1, wherein the media unit (1111), the radius of curvature r of the inner and outer surfaces thereofijSatisfy the relation:
wherein r isijRadius of curvature of inner and outer surfaces of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijArc length of dielectric element expressed as jth dielectric ring in ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate, cijSatisfies the following conditions:
ψijis expressed as the included angle phi between the two side surfaces of the jth dielectric ring in the ith round horn-shaped dielectric plateijSatisfies the following conditions:
0＜ψij≤90°，Cijexpressed as the circumference, S, of the jth dielectric ring in the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric slabijThe number of the medium units in the jth medium ring in the ith circular horn-shaped medium plate is shown, i is 1,2,3, … …, and M, j is 1,2,3, … …, N.
4. The OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbit plane omni-directional radiation implementation device of claim 3, wherein the media units (1111), placed at an inclined angle of β degrees,
15°≤β≤75°。
5. the device for realizing omnidirectional radiation on an OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shape of the hollow-out body formed by hollowing out the inside of the medium unit (1111) is spherical or cylindrical.
6. The device for realizing omnidirectional radiation of OAM vortex electromagnetic wave track plane according to claim 5, wherein the hollow-out body is in a quadrangular prism shape, a central axis of a height direction of the hollow-out body is perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces of the medium unit (1111), and the hollow-out body is communicated with the inner surface or the outer surface of the medium unit (1111) or both the inner surface and the outer surface of the medium unit (1111).
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the bottom side length of the hollow-out body is phi on the side of the hollow-out bodyijSatisfies the following conditions:
0≤φiju, wherein u represents the side length of the solid dielectric unit, represents the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material used by the jth solid dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate,ijand the equivalent relative dielectric constant of the j dielectric ring of the ith circular horn-shaped dielectric plate after the hollow body is removed is shown.
8. An OAM vortex electromagnetic wave orbital plane omnidirectional radiation implementation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lens (1) is implemented by means of 3D printing using dielectric material with variable dielectric constant.
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