CN109786825A - Solid electrolyte film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109786825A CN109786825A CN201910082448.5A CN201910082448A CN109786825A CN 109786825 A CN109786825 A CN 109786825A CN 201910082448 A CN201910082448 A CN 201910082448A CN 109786825 A CN109786825 A CN 109786825A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses solid electrolyte films and preparation method thereof, wherein contains cup pyrroles in solid electrolyte film.As a result, the present invention by solid electrolyte film introduce cup pyrroles, thus cup pyrroles as anionic trapping agent can in solid electrolyte film matrix it is evenly dispersed.And inventor has found, acted on using cup pyrroles and the good compatibility of anion, such as TFSI- anion can be captured, once and anion is captured by cup pyrroles, more lithium ions will move under same electric field, and then lithium battery work multiplying power can be improved.Therefore, the lithium ion transference number with higher of the solid electrolyte film containing cup pyrroles of the above embodiment of the present invention.In addition, the mechanical strength of the solid electrolyte film of the above-mentioned pyrroles containing cup is also significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrolytic thin-membrane fields, specifically, the present invention relates to solid electrolyte film and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
Solid polyelectrolyte is used at present with dry state and gel state.Polymer dielectric contains polymer and alkali gold
Belong to salt.In order to enable lithium electric conductivity reaches requirement, LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiPF6, LiBOB etc. can be used as lithium salts.
For example, molar content 5%LiTFSI is in high molecular weight PEO polymer.Lithium ion is in polymer/lithium salts matrix intermediate ion electricity
Conductance is related with polymer conductive lithium ion ability and lithium salt.For dry polymer dielectric, polymeric matrix is needed
To include the different degrees of lithium ion in part, guarantee lithium ion transport.Polymer such as PEO, PAN, polyphosphazenes or
It is PEO grafting silicon class compound such as dimethyl silicone polymer is that alkali can be transmitted in lithium and active part by transient state concerted mechanism
Metal ion such as transmits Li+.Nevertheless, not only lithium ion can move under electric field action as liquid electrolyte
It moves.Therefore, lithium ion transference number is a part of entire conductivity test, lithium ion transference number generally all < 0.33, such as
In lithium battery, only 1/3 testing conductive rate is useful.Be highly desirable to increase by lithium cation and anionic reactive lithium from
Sub- transport number.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, of the invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of solid electrolyte film and preparation method thereof, solid electrolyte film lithium with higher from
Sub- transport number and stronger mechanical strength.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of solid electrolyte films, according to the present invention specific
Embodiment contains cup pyrroles in the solid electrolyte film.
The present invention in solid electrolyte film by introducing cup pyrroles as a result, and thus cup pyrroles captures as anion
Agent can be evenly dispersed in solid electrolyte film matrix.And it is inventors have found that good using cup pyrroles and anion
Compatibility effect, such as TFSI- anion can be captured, once and anion is captured by cup pyrroles, more lithium ions will
It is moved under same electric field, and then lithium battery work multiplying power can be improved.Therefore, the above embodiment of the present invention contain cup pyrrole
The solid electrolyte film coughed up lithium ion transference number with higher.In addition, the solid electrolyte film of the above-mentioned pyrroles containing cup
Mechanical strength is also significantly improved.
In addition, solid electrolyte film according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology special
Sign:
Further, the content of the cup pyrroles is the 0.025%-50% of lithium salts molar content.
Further, the lithium ion transference number of the solid electrolyte film is 0.25-0.4.
Further, the mechanical strength of the solid electrolyte film is Young's modulus 0.39-14 (N/m2).
According to the second aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a kind of method for preparing solid electrolyte film, according to
Specific embodiments of the present invention, this method comprises:
(1) cup pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte are added in organic solvent, are stirred to obtain solutions preparatory；
(2) solutions preparatory is filmed, it is dry to obtain the solid electrolyte film.
Cup pyrroles effectively can be dispersed in having containing lithium salts and solid electrolyte by using the above method as a result,
In solvent, and then solutions preparatory is prepared.
Further, the additional amount of the cup pyrroles is the 0.025%-50% of the mole of the lithium salts.
Further, in step (1), the cup pyrroles and the lithium salts are added in organic solvent in advance, dissolution obtains
Solution adds solid electrolyte.
Further, in step (1), the stirring is carried out under 30-80 degrees Celsius, and mixing time is 2-24 hours.
Further, the lithium salts be in LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiBOB, LiClO4, LiPF6 and LiBF4 at least
It is a kind of.
Further, the solid electrolyte is in PEO, PAN, PVDF, PVDF-HFP, PPC, PDMS and PVC
It is at least one.
Further, the cup pyrroles is prepared by following method: by acetone and pyrroles there are methanol and dense sulphur
It is reacted under conditions of acid, to obtain glass pyrroles's crude product；The cup pyrroles crude product is dissolved into acetone, and methanol is added
It stirs evenly, to obtain solvent mixture；The solvent mixture is placed under zero degrees celsius and is refrigerated, and be added go from
Sub- water collects white precipitate, to overnight layering to obtain the cup pyrroles.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram of cup pyrroles according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrum analysis figure of cup pyrroles according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the differential thermal analysis curve of solid electrolyte film according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the differential thermal analysis curve of solid electrolyte film according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the differential thermal analysis curve of solid electrolyte film according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the infrared spectrum analysis of solid electrolyte film according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the embodiments described below is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining this
Invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of solid electrolyte films, according to the present invention specific
Embodiment contains cup pyrroles in the solid electrolyte film.The present invention in solid electrolyte film by introducing cup pyrrole as a result,
Cough up, thus cup pyrroles as anionic trapping agent can in solid electrolyte film matrix it is evenly dispersed.And invention human hair
It is existing, it is acted on using cup pyrroles and the good compatibility of anion, such as TFSI- anion can be captured, once and anion quilt
Cup pyrroles's capture, more lithium ions will move under same electric field, and then lithium battery work multiplying power can be improved.Cause
This, the lithium ion transference number with higher of the solid electrolyte film containing cup pyrroles of the above embodiment of the present invention.On in addition,
The mechanical strength for stating the solid electrolyte film of the pyrroles containing cup is also significantly improved.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the content of cup pyrroles is lithium salts in the solid electrolyte film of above-described embodiment
The 0-50% of molar content.Preferably, the content of cup pyrroles is the 0.05%-1.25% of lithium salts molar content.As a result, by adding
Entering suitable glass of pyrroles can be improved the lithium ion transference number and inventors have found that the if content mistake of cup pyrroles of solid electrolyte
The high then difficulty that forms a film, without positive effect if content is too low.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the lithium ion of the solid electrolyte film containing cup pyrroles of above-described embodiment
Transport number can achieve 0.374.
In addition, inventor also found, and after adding suitable glass of pyrroles in solid electrolyte film, solid electrolyte
The mechanical strength of film is also improved, and specifically can achieve 12.17 (N/m2).
According to the second aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a kind of method for preparing solid electrolyte film, according to
Specific embodiments of the present invention, this method comprises:
(1) cup pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte are added in organic solvent, are stirred to obtain solutions preparatory；
(2) solutions preparatory is filmed, it is dry to obtain the solid electrolyte film.
Cup pyrroles effectively can be dispersed in having containing lithium salts and solid electrolyte by using the above method as a result,
In solvent, and then solutions preparatory is prepared.
The method of the preparation solid electrolyte film of the specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below.
Cup pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte are added in organic solvent first for step (1), stir to be prepared
Solution.Wherein, cup pyrroles can be obtained by buying or being synthetically prepared.
The cup pyrroles that the present invention uses is is synthetically prepared to obtain.Specific synthetic method are as follows:
(1) it synthesizes
13.379g pure acetone (99.5% purity) is added in 500ml triangular flask, at room temperature mechanical stirring.15.691g
Brown pyrroles (98% purity) is slowly added to, stirring.Product mixtures are dark-brown.181.58g is added in the above solution
Methanol (99.8% goes out purity), is stirred at room temperature.Obtain pale yellow solution.The 8.44g concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise.Concentrated sulfuric acid mistake is added dropwise
White precipitate is precipitated in solution in journey and is generated with heat.Draught cupboard is stirred overnight under room temperature.Filtering, and it is true at 100 DEG C
Sky is dry, obtains 22g product.)
Reaction 1: cup pyrroles's chemical equation is prepared
(2) it purifies
Under room temperature, 1g crude product is dissolved in 200ml acetone in 500ml triangular flask by mechanical stirring, is obtained
To yellow solution.50ml methanol is added, is uniformly mixed.When carrying out step experiment, stirring is opened, triangular flask is placed in ice water and is mixed
It closes in object.40ml deionized water is added in solution by 5ml syringe.It is layered after solution about 20min.Solution is layered in ice
In aqueous mixtures overnight.It is collected by vacuum filtration to obtain white precipitate.100 DEG C of vacuum drying in drying shed, weighing.It obtains
0.1g pure products.
(3) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
NMR is used for test sample purity.A large amount of impurity, only principal product are not detected.Specific chemical equation and
Peak position is as shown in Equation 1.C unimodal corresponding methanol proton symmetrical peak at displacement 1.5ppm in formula 1.(in displacement 5.895ppm formula 1
Doublet corresponds to ring proton at B.Unimodal correspondence is adsorbed on the proton on nitrogen at A in displacement 7.248ppm formula 1.6.98ppm very
Remaining acetone in small unimodal corresponding product.Fig. 1 is hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram.
(4) infrared spectrum analysis
The infrared spectrogram of primary sample, cup pyrroles head product and purified product is shown in Fig. 2.There is no 1720cm in spectrogram-1C=
O key shows that no acetone exists.Material purity high IR absorption peak peak intensity is big.Impurity or by-product is not observed.
The cup pyrroles of purity is high can effectively be prepared by above-mentioned synthetic method by the present invention as a result,.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the lithium salts used for selected from LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiBOB, LiClO4,
At least one of LiPF6 and LiBF4.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, solid electrolyte be selected from polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyacrylonitrile (PAN),
Segregation vinyl fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), office's propene carbonate (PPC), poly dimethyl
At least one of siloxanes (PDMS) and poly- ethylene carbonate (PVC).Preferably polyethylene oxide (PEO).It is possible thereby to aobvious
Write the dissolved efficiency for improving cup pyrroles.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the organic solvent used can be for selected from N-methyl pyrrolidones (NMP), first
At least one of benzene, acetonitrile, acetone, cyclohexanone, preferably cyclohexanone.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the additional amount of cup pyrroles can be with lithium salts and solid electrolyte
Gross mass calculate, specifically, the content of cup pyrroles is the 0.025%-50% of lithium salts molar content.Preferably, cup pyrroles
Content is the 0.05%-1.25% of lithium salts molar content.It can be significantly improved and be prepared by suitable glass of pyrroles of addition as a result,
The lithium ion transference number of the solid electrolyte film arrived, while the mechanical strength of solid electrolyte film can also be increased.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the dissolution sequence of cup pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte can
Think and disperses in organic solvent, to add lithium salts dissolution and obtain solution by cup pyrroles in advance；It is eventually adding solid electrolyte.And
It is stirred until homogeneous solution.As a result, by first dissolving cup pyrroles, the dissolution of glass pyrroles can be improved
Rate, while being not easy to be precipitated in the solution, and subsequent in film, not will cause film excess shrinkage.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, further, in step (1), a glass pyrroles, lithium salts and solid-state electricity are sequentially added
Xie Zhihou is stirred, and specifically, stirring is carried out under 30-80 degrees Celsius, and mixing time is 2-24 hours.Thus, it is possible to
It is mixed well so that entering a glass pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte.
Secondly solutions preparatory is filmed for step (1), dry to obtain the solid electrolyte film.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, drying can be dried about 24 hours in draught cupboard first, then be placed in 50
It is about 24 hours dry in degree Celsius vacuum oven, it is warming up to 70 degrees Celsius later, is completed after being kept for the short period.
The solid electrolyte film being prepared as a result, by using the method for the above embodiment of the present invention is with higher
Lithium ion transference number and mechanical strength.Specifically, lithium ion transference number can achieve 0.374, and mechanical strength is relatively free of a glass pyrroles
56 times of the raising of solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
(50% glass of pyrroles is added) in embodiment 1
In drying shed, the cup pyrroles of 0.112g is dispersed in cyclohexanone by mechanical stirring.It is added 0.15g's
LiTFSI, dissolution are complete.Obtain clean, pale yellow solution.The polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 500,000) of 0.46g is added.50℃
It is stirred overnight, until nominal buff/orange solution.
In drying shed, cup pyrroles/LiTFSI/PEO solution pours into diameter 9.5cm, the high 1.5cm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass in edge
In ware.Solution diffusion very well, keeps buff/orange color.It is 1 day dry in drying shed draught cupboard.After having dried, color becomes
Shallowly.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass dish is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens 1 day.Later, 70 DEG C are warming up to, is kept for the short period, uses tweezers
Solid electrolyte film is taken to obtain, is stored in drying shed freshness protection package.
(25% glass of pyrroles is added) in embodiment 2
In drying shed, the cup pyrroles of 0.056g is dispersed in cyclohexanone by mechanical stirring.It is added 0.15g's
LiTFSI, dissolution are complete.Obtain clean, pale yellow solution.The polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 500,000) of 0.46g is added.50℃
It is stirred overnight, until nominal buff/orange solution.
In drying shed, cup pyrroles/LiTFSI/PEO solution pours into diameter 9.5cm, the high 1.5cm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass in edge
In ware.Solution diffusion very well, keeps buff/orange color.It is 1 day dry in drying shed draught cupboard.After having dried, color becomes
Shallowly.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass dish is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens 1 day.Later, 70 DEG C are warming up to, is kept for the short period, uses tweezers
Solid electrolyte film is taken to obtain, is stored in drying shed freshness protection package.
(12.5% glass of pyrroles is added) in embodiment 3
In drying shed, the cup pyrroles of 0.028g is dispersed in cyclohexanone by mechanical stirring.It is added 0.15g's
LiTFSI, dissolution are complete.Obtain clean, pale yellow solution.The polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 500,000) of 0.46g is added.50℃
It is stirred overnight, until nominal buff/orange solution.
In drying shed, cup pyrroles/LiTFSI/PEO solution pours into diameter 9.5cm, the high 1.5cm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass in edge
In ware.Solution diffusion very well, keeps buff/orange color.It is 1 day dry in drying shed draught cupboard.After having dried, color becomes
Shallowly.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass dish is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens 1 day.Later, 70 DEG C are warming up to, is kept for the short period, uses tweezers
Solid electrolyte film is taken to obtain, is stored in drying shed freshness protection package.
Comparative example (not plus cup pyrroles)
In drying shed, the LiTFSI of 0.15g is dispersed in cyclohexanone, dissolution completely, obtains clean, pale yellow solution.
The polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 500,000) of 0.46g is added.50 DEG C are stirred overnight, until nominal buff/orange solution.
In drying shed, LiTFSI/PEO solution pours into diameter 9.5cm, in the high 1.5cm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass dish in edge.It is molten
Liquid diffusion very well, keeps buff/orange color.It is 1 day dry in drying shed draught cupboard.After having dried, lighter.Poly- four
Vinyl fluoride glass dish is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum ovens 1 day.Later, 70 DEG C are warming up to, is kept for the short period, takes solid with tweezers
State electrolytic thin-membrane is stored in drying shed freshness protection package.
Test analysis:
Differential thermal analysis, infrared spectrum analysis, lithium ion transference number analysis are carried out to the solid electrolyte film being prepared
And mechanical strength test.
Conclusion:
1) (DSC is used to detect the fusing point for containing and being free of cup pyrroles lithium ion conducting film for differential scanning calorimeter analysis.)
Differential thermal analysis is carried out to the film that above-described embodiment 1-3 and comparative example are prepared respectively, as a result sees Fig. 3-5 respectively.
As shown in figure 3, improving 69.54 DEG C of fusing point containing 50% glass of pyrroles's film.
As shown in figure 4, improving 66.84 DEG C of fusing point containing 25% glass of pyrroles's film.
As shown in figure 5, improving 62.17 DEG C of fusing point containing 12.5% glass of pyrroles's film.
2) infrared spectrum analysis
Fig. 6 is the film that embodiment 1 and comparative example are prepared and the FTIR spectrogram of cup pyrroles.There is no water in dry film
Swarming also occurs without new peak in final film.FTIR is carried out under normal humidity environment, it is possible to track moisture
Peak.The final peak film IR is achieved one's goal the spectrogram containing each component.
3) lithium ion transference number
Lithium battery lithium ion transference number is calculated by formula,Wherein I0It is initial current, ISSIt is steady
State electric current, ISSIt is that voltage is changed with 30mV, the stable state battery that > is obtained for 24 hours.R0It is initial resistance, RSSIt is steadying resistance, passes through
What impedance spectrum was calculated.Initial data and calculated result are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Therefore, the solid electrolyte film containing cup pyrroles of embodiment 1-3 preparation, with comparative example preparation without cup pyrrole
It coughs up film to compare, lithium ion transference number with higher.
4) mechanical strength
In lithium battery high mechanical strength solid polymer electrolyte membrane to prevent lithium dendrite growth, protection battery hardness very
It is crucial.The Young mould that film is improved by increasing film mechanical strength is added in solid polymer electrolyte membrane in cup pyrroles
Amount.Original and calculating data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Therefore, the Young's modulus containing cup pyrroles's solid polymer electrolyte membrane of embodiment preparation is comparative example preparation
56 times without cup pyrroles solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
It can be combined in any suitable manner in a or multiple embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the technology of this field
The feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples can be combined by personnel
And combination.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solid electrolyte film, which is characterized in that contain cup pyrroles in the solid electrolyte film.
2. solid electrolyte film according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the cup pyrroles is lithium salts mole
The 0.025%-50% of content.
3. solid electrolyte film according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lithium ion of the solid electrolyte film
Transport number is 0.25-0.4.
4. solid electrolyte film according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Young mould of the solid electrolyte film
Amount is 0.39-14 (N/m2).
5. a kind of method for preparing solid electrolyte film characterized by comprising
(1) cup pyrroles, lithium salts and solid electrolyte are added in organic solvent, are stirred to obtain solutions preparatory；
(2) solutions preparatory is filmed, it is dry to obtain the solid electrolyte film.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the additional amount of the cup pyrroles is the mole of the lithium salts
0.025%-50%.
7. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in step (1), in advance by the cup pyrroles and the lithium salts
It is added in organic solvent, dissolution obtains solution, adds solid electrolyte.
8. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the stirring is under 30-80 degrees Celsius in step (1)
It carries out, mixing time is 2-24 hours.
9. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the lithium salts be selected from LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiBOB,
At least one of LiClO4, LiPF6 and LiBF4,
Optionally, the solid electrolyte is at least one in PEO, PAN, PVDF, PVDF-HFP, PPC, PDMS and PVC
Kind.
10. -9 described in any item methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cup pyrroles is prepared by following method
It obtains:
Acetone is reacted under conditions of there are methanol and the concentrated sulfuric acid with pyrroles, to obtain glass pyrroles's crude product；
The cup pyrroles crude product is dissolved into acetone, and methanol is added and stirs evenly, to obtain solvent mixture；
The solvent mixture is placed under zero degrees celsius and is refrigerated, and deionized water is added, to overnight layering, collects white
Precipitating, to obtain the cup pyrroles.
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| CN111303640A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 邓华斌 | Anti-shearing flame-retardant glass fiber composite material |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |