CN109786506B - Online treatment method for composite backboard production waste - Google Patents
Online treatment method for composite backboard production waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN109786506B CN109786506B CN201910014596.3A CN201910014596A CN109786506B CN 109786506 B CN109786506 B CN 109786506B CN 201910014596 A CN201910014596 A CN 201910014596A CN 109786506 B CN109786506 B CN 109786506B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online treatment method of composite backboard production waste, wherein the composite backboard comprises a base material and a film adhered to the base material through an adhesive, and the online treatment method comprises the following steps: A. collecting solvent vapor generated by baking in the manufacturing process of the composite backboard; B. b, filling crushed materials of the trimming waste and the semi-finished waste generated in the manufacturing process of the composite back plate into a separation container, introducing the solvent steam collected in the step A into the separation container, and turning over the crushed materials until no residue exists on the base material of the back plate; and in the step B, solid-liquid separation is carried out in the overturning process or after overturning. According to the online treatment method, the solvent steam generated in the manufacturing process of the composite type backboard is directly utilized to perform online treatment on the composite type backboard waste, so that not only can each layer of plastic film be recycled in a classified manner to realize secondary utilization, but also the three wastes can be avoided to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic components, and particularly relates to an online treatment method of composite backboard production waste.
Background
The solar photovoltaic component mainly comprises a glass cover plate, a hot melt adhesive film (EVA), a battery piece, a back plate, a junction box, a frame and the like. Because the back plate plays a role in supporting and protecting the battery piece, and the back plate is used as a packaging material which is directly contacted with the external natural environment in a large area, the performance of the back plate directly determines the power generation efficiency and the service life of the photovoltaic module, and the back plate has excellent insulativity, water vapor barrier property, weather resistance and the like.
In recent years, through the elimination and improvement of various polymer materials, the back panel material currently takes a KPO, KPC, TPT and KPK multilayer composite structure as the main market stream, and most of the materials of all layers are bonded and compounded by using polyurethane glue. The outer layer weather-resistant material is used as the material with the highest cost of the back plate raw material, and is in favor of the PVF film, the PVDF film and the FEVE coating material through continuous repeated verification from the competition of various materials such as THV, ETFE, PVDF, FEVE coating, UV-PET resistance, modified PA and the like from the initial PVF exclusive market. The BOPET has stable performance and moderate cost, is the only choice for the middle layer substrate, because the PET has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, good thermal stability and insulativity, excellent barrier property and the like after being subjected to biaxial stretching, the molecular weight of the film-grade PET polyester material is basically unchanged during film making, and the BOPET is different from a common PET material subjected to aging degradation after being used and can be completely recycled. The composite back plate inner layer material is mainly a modified polyolefin material and can be melted again for processing and recycling. The materials are compounded by adopting a dry compounding process, generally, polyurethane glue with the solid content of 20-50% is coated on the surface of a PET film, the polyurethane glue is primarily cured after being baked at the high temperature of 80-120 ℃, a large amount of solvent steam is generated after baking, and manufacturers generally adopt a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) to decompose waste gas at high temperature so as to meet the emission requirement. According to the current production standard of the composite backboard product needing glue twice, 50-100g of solvent is corresponding to 1 square backboard finished product.
For a large amount of solvent steam generated after baking in the production process of the back plate, manufacturers generally adopt a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) to decompose the exhaust gas at high temperature so as to meet the emission requirement. Estimated as the production of 100GW solar modules per year, corresponding to burning up to a hundred thousand tons of solvent at high temperature during the production of the backsheet product per year. The traditional treatment mode is to discharge the waste gas after decomposing the waste gas into carbon dioxide and water at high temperature, and the traditional treatment mode has certain risk of incomplete combustion and also causes waste of solvent value.
CN107839105A discloses a method for directly hot-pressing and molding a plastic product with a fixed shape after pulverizing a back plate product, which is simple but has low added value. CN107214878A discloses a method for hydrolyzing a backboard under an alkaline condition by using a large amount of water and a solvent, which can realize the separation of different materials, but consumes a large amount of pure water and the solvent, thereby being uneconomical and environment-friendly. CN107425094A discloses a method for separating a back plate by high-temperature alcoholysis, wherein the dosage of an alcohol reagent is 2-6 times of that of the back plate, and the cost is high. The above methods all consider the method for treating and recycling the backboard products after use, and do not relate to the utilization of waste materials in the backboard production process.
In addition, the leftover materials and the newspaper wastes of the composite back plate are composite bodies of plastics with different melting points, cannot be directly reprocessed and utilized, and generally can only be used for solid waste incineration, landfill and other treatments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects and problems in the prior art, and provides an online treatment method for composite backboard production waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an online processing method of composite backboard production waste, wherein the composite backboard comprises a base material and a film bonded on the base material through an adhesive, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. collecting solvent vapor generated by baking in the manufacturing process of the composite backboard;
B. b, filling crushed materials of the trimming waste and the semi-finished waste generated in the manufacturing process of the composite back plate into a separation container, introducing the solvent steam collected in the step A into the separation container, and turning over the crushed materials until no residue exists on the base material;
and in the step B, solid-liquid separation is carried out in the overturning process or after overturning.
Further, the online processing method further comprises a step C of: and C, separating the solid material obtained by separating in the step B according to specific gravity or weight.
Further, the substrate sheet, the fluorine film and the polyolefin film are separated in the step C. The material of the base material sheet comprises but is not limited to one or a mixture of more of PET, PBT, PP, PA, PPO, PEN, PI, PC, PMMA, PS and other high polymer materials.
Specifically, the base material is a PET sheet, the film comprises a fluorine film and a polyolefin film which are bonded on the surface of the PET sheet, and the PET sheet, the fluorine film and the polyolefin film are obtained through separation in the step C. Wherein, the density of the fluororesin is 1.8g/cm3, the density of the PET is 1.4g/cm3, the density of the polyolefin is 1.1g/cm3, and the specific gravities of the fluororesin, the PET, the polyolefin and the polyolefin are different; the thickness of the fluorine film is 20-25 microns, the thickness of the PET sheet is 150-280 microns, and the thickness of the polyolefin film is 50-100 microns, so the weight of each material is different.
Further, in the step B, until no fluorine film or polyolefin film remains on the PET sheet, the solvent steam is stopped to be introduced, and the overturning is stopped.
Further, in the step A, solvent vapor is collected at a negative pressure air outlet at the top or the side of the oven.
Further, in the step B, rake teeth are provided in the separation vessel, and the crushed material is turned over by rotating the rake teeth.
Further, in the step B, the overturning is kept for 10-100 minutes.
Further, in the step B, turbid liquid generated by dissolving adhesive (polyurethane glue) with solvent vapor flows to the liquid storage unit below the separation container, and solid materials are left in the cavity of the separation container.
Furthermore, the turbid liquid is recycled after distillation treatment.
Further, the separation container is a plurality of and is connected in parallel with each other.
In a preferred embodiment, the online processing method includes:
step 1, preparing polyurethane glue with solid content of 20-50% by using a solvent, coating the polyurethane glue on the surface of a base material film, baking the polyurethane glue by using a high-temperature oven at 80-120 ℃ and curing the polyurethane glue, laminating a fluorine film or a polyolefin film into a semi-finished composite backboard, generating a large amount of solvent steam after baking, and collecting the solvent steam by using a negative air pressure outlet at the top or the side of each section of oven;
step 2, mechanically crushing the edge cutting waste and the dead semi-finished waste of the composite back plate, putting the crushed waste and the dead semi-finished waste into a separation container, introducing solvent steam, rotating rake teeth to continuously overturn the crushed material of the back plate, and keeping the crushed material for 10-100 minutes until no fluorine film or polyolefin residue exists on the base material;
in the process, solid-liquid separation of different materials is realized, the solvent dissolves polyurethane glue and is converted into mixed turbid liquid, the mixed turbid liquid flows to a liquid storage unit below the container, the residual fluorine film, the polyolefin film and the substrate sheet are retained in the cavity, and after drying, subsequent separation is carried out by utilizing the specific gravity or weight difference of materials of each layer, so that secondary utilization can be carried out; the turbid liquid solvent cooled into liquid can be recycled after redistillation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages by adopting the scheme:
the waste material can be directly recycled on line, the waste material is treated in time, impurities are not introduced, the physical properties of the separated material are not influenced, and the separated material can be recycled; the heat energy in the production is utilized, the waste gas is not required to be combusted, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected; the separated substances can be reused in the original product after simple treatment, so that the value is maximized, and the three wastes are avoided to the maximum; the recycling can be realized, and no new material is consumed in the process; by utilizing the characteristic of the evaporation solvent on the good solvent of the polyurethane glue, no new solvent is consumed, and the solvent can be distilled again for recycling.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the invention.
The embodiment provides an online treatment method for production waste of a composite backboard, wherein the composite backboard comprises a base material and a film bonded on the base material through an adhesive. The on-line processing method comprises the following specific processes:
step 1, preparing polyurethane glue with the solid content of 30% by using ethyl acetate, coating the polyurethane glue on the surface of a PET film with the thickness of 250 micrometers, wherein the glue amount coated each time is 35-40 g/square, baking the PET film by using a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 80-120 ℃, curing the PET film, laminating a 25 micrometer fluorine film and an 80 micrometer polyolefin film twice to form a composite backboard semi-finished product, and cutting two sides of the semi-finished product to form leftover materials with the width of 1 cm.
And 2, mechanically crushing the edge cutting material and the stiff semi-finished waste material of the 200KG back plate to about 5cm, putting the crushed materials into a separation container, introducing ethyl acetate steam generated in the oven in the step 1, controlling the revolution of rake teeth to be 1 time/min, keeping the speed for 70 minutes, closing a solvent steam introduction valve, drying and separating to obtain 146.5KG of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) sheets without residual coatings on the surfaces, 15.2KG of fluorine membranes and 31.4KG of polyolefin membranes, wherein the recovery rate of solid materials is 96.5%.
In the process, the solvent vapor is cooled into mixed turbid liquid, the mixed turbid liquid flows to a liquid storage unit below the container, 80.5KG ethyl acetate is obtained after redistillation, and the mixed turbid liquid can be used on a machine again after dehydration. And performing secondary separation and recovery on the PET sheet stock, the fluorine film and the polyolefin film in the cavity of the separation container according to the specific gravity or the weight of the PET sheet stock, the fluorine film and the polyolefin film.
In the embodiment, a plurality of separation containers which are connected in parallel are arranged, so that continuous operation is realized, rake teeth are arranged in each separation container, and the crushed materials in the cavities of the separation containers are turned over through rotation of the rake teeth. The separation vessel is embodied as a rake separator.
The principle of the online treatment method for treating the composite backboard production waste provided by the invention is as follows:
high-temperature solvent steam evaporated in the production process of the composite type back plate is utilized to crush the trimming waste and the scrapped back plate generated in the production process and then is introduced. Because the curing degree of polyurethane glue in the composite material produced in the production process of the composite back plate is 10-70%, and the solvent is a good solvent of the glue, the redissolution or swelling of the glue is easy to realize, and the glue loses the bonding capability. Therefore, high-temperature solvent steam is blended into the waste material, the waste material can be dissolved or swelled, the fluorine membrane material, the polyolefin membrane material and the base material layer are separated under the action of mechanical external force, the subsequent separation is carried out by utilizing the specific gravity (the density of the fluorine resin is 1.8g/cm3, the density of the base material is 1.2-1.7 g/cm3 and the density of the polyolefin is 1.1g/cm3) or the weight (the thickness of each layer of material is 20-25 micrometers of the fluorine membrane, the density of the base material is 150-280 micrometers, and the weight of the polyolefin membrane is 50-100 micrometers, so that the weight of each material is different), various plastic materials can be separately subjected to secondary melting processing and utilization after separation, and the solvent cooled into liquid can be recycled after redistillation.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are preferred embodiments, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An online treatment method for production waste of a composite backboard, wherein the composite backboard comprises a base material and a film bonded on the base material through an adhesive, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. collecting solvent vapor generated by baking in the manufacturing process of the composite backboard;
B. b, filling crushed materials of the trimming waste and the semi-finished waste generated in the manufacturing process of the composite back plate into a separation container, introducing the solvent steam collected in the step A into the separation container, and turning over the crushed materials until no residue exists on the base material;
and in the step B, solid-liquid separation is carried out in the overturning process or after overturning.
2. The on-line processing method according to claim 1, further comprising a step C of: and C, separating the solid material obtained by separating in the step B according to specific gravity or weight.
3. The in-line process according to claim 2, wherein the substrate sheet, the fluorine film and the polyolefin film are separated in the step C.
4. The on-line processing method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a high molecular polymer sheet, the film comprises a fluorine film and a polyolefin film adhered to the surface of the high molecular polymer sheet, and in the step B, the solvent vapor is stopped from being introduced and the inversion is stopped until no fluorine film or polyolefin film remains on the polymer sheet.
5. The on-line processing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, solvent vapor is collected at a negative pressure air outlet at the top or the side of the oven.
6. The on-line processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B, a rake is provided in the separation vessel, and the pulverized material is turned over by rotating the rake.
7. The on-line processing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the turning is kept for 10 to 100 minutes.
8. The on-line processing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the turbid liquid generated by dissolving the adhesive by the solvent vapor flows to the liquid storage unit below the separation container, and the solid materials are remained in the cavity of the separation container.
9. The on-line treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the turbid liquid is recycled after distillation treatment.
10. The on-line process according to claim 1, wherein the separation vessel is plural and connected in parallel with each other.
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| CN201910014596.3A CN109786506B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Online treatment method for composite backboard production waste |
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| CN201910014596.3A CN109786506B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Online treatment method for composite backboard production waste |
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| CN109786506B true CN109786506B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014098229A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | アースリサイクル株式会社 | Method for separation and recovery of plastic-based composite waste |
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| JP2007085012A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-04-05 | Atsushi Tsunoda | Vegetation board and tatami floor |
| CN102918098A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-02-06 | 陶氏环球技术有限公司 | Electronic device module comprising film of homogeneous polyolefin copolymer and adhesive property enhancing graft polymer |
| JP5982977B2 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2016-08-31 | 日立化成株式会社 | Solvent recovery method and coating drying equipment |
| CN107425094B (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-04 | 中天光伏材料有限公司 | One kind scrapping Crystalline Silicon PV Module insulating back panel method for innocent treatment |
| CN107611199B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-05-21 | 浙江帆度光伏材料有限公司 | A kind of overlay film type solar cell backboard |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014098229A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | アースリサイクル株式会社 | Method for separation and recovery of plastic-based composite waste |
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