CN109785645B - Algorithm for dynamically adjusting time length of traffic light according to traffic flow - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an algorithm for dynamically adjusting the time length of a traffic light according to the traffic flow, which is characterized in that a traffic signal controller is arranged at a crossroad, wherein the traffic signal controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, a vehicle counting device connected with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, a ROM (read only memory) connected with the single chip microcomputer and the traffic light connected with the output end of the single chip microcomputer; the vehicle counting device is arranged in a lane of each coming vehicle direction with the intersection as the center and is used for counting the number C of the coming vehicles remained in each lane within the range of the distance L from the lane of the coming vehicle direction to the intersection; when the time length of one traffic light is over, the single chip microcomputer compares the reserved quantity of the vehicles in each lane, and the time length of the next traffic light is changed in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traffic, and particularly relates to an algorithm for dynamically adjusting the time length of a traffic light according to traffic flow.
Background
In order to make traffic on roads orderly and smooth, traffic lights at crossroads are indispensable. The existing traffic lights are basically fixedly set with the traffic light time length of each direction after the time length is roughly estimated according to the traffic flow of different time periods such as early peak, late peak, flat peak, low valley and the like of the current road, so that the red lights of the existing vehicle direction are often found, the long-time green lights of the vehicle direction are absent, the actual road vehicle condition and the traffic control signals are asynchronous, and the existing road resources are wasted; therefore, although the intersection can pass smoothly in most of time, the time length of the traffic light is inconsistent with the actual traffic flow when sudden change of the traffic flow or sudden conditions such as severe weather occur, the traffic jam is caused, and the energy consumption and the waste gas pollution are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In consideration of the irrational arrangement of the traffic signals at present, the invention designs a method for dynamically adjusting the time length of the traffic lights according to the traffic flow, and ensures that the crossroads can smoothly pass at any time.
The invention relates to an algorithm for dynamically adjusting the time length of a traffic light according to the traffic flow, which is characterized in that a traffic signal controller is arranged at a crossroad, wherein the traffic signal controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, a vehicle counting device connected with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, a ROM (read only memory) connected with the single chip microcomputer and the traffic light connected with the output end of the single chip microcomputer;
the vehicle counting device is arranged in a lane of each coming vehicle direction with the intersection as the center and is used for counting the number C of the coming vehicles remained in each lane within the range of the distance L from the lane of the coming vehicle direction to the intersection; the number of the coming vehicles left in the lane of the coming vehicles in the north is recorded as CNAnd the number of the coming vehicles reserved in the coming lane in south is recorded as CSThe number of the coming vehicles remaining in the lane of the east coming vehicle is marked as CEThe number of the coming vehicles left in the lane of the coming vehicles in the west is marked as CW(ii) a When the duration of one red light or green light is over, the single chip microcomputer compares the reserved quantity of the vehicles in each lane, the duration of the next traffic light is changed in real time, and the green light time corresponding to the lane with the larger quantity of the vehicles is prolonged or the red light time is shortened.
Further, the algorithm for dynamically adjusting the duration of the traffic light according to the traffic flow specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an initial state, namely setting the green light time length T in the north-south direction in a single chip microcomputerSN=60s, duration T of green light in east-west directionEWThe duration of green light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of red light in the east-west direction, and the duration of red light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of green light in the east-west direction;
step 3, comparing the corresponding statistical time period TSNOr TEWIn the two opposite direction lanes, the most coming vehicles are reserved in the lanes, and the most coming vehicles are in the east and west direction lanesEW=Max（CE，CW) The maximum number of vehicles coming in the lanes in the north-south direction is CSN=Max（CS，CN）；
Step 4, comparing the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the east-west direction with the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the north-south direction, and comparing to obtain the number of vehicles coming from the lanes in which direction is accumulated to a sufficient number;
if C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW＜80s，TSNWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TEW=TEW+10s，TSN=TSN-10s；
If C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW=80s，TSNIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TEW=80s，TSN=40s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN＜80s，TEWWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TSN=TSN+10s，TEW=TEW-10s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN=80s，TEWIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TSN=80s，TEW=40s；
Otherwise, the next time length of traffic light, TSN=60s，TEW=60s；
And entering the step 2.
Wherein, T is described in step 2SNAnd TEWThe sequential loop statistics means that in the current loop of the algorithm, the time length counted in the step 2 is TSNIn the next cycle, the statistical duration in step 2 is TEW。
Furthermore, the vehicle statistical device is a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil, the crossroad is taken as the center, the lane in the north coming direction is the N lane, the lane in the south coming direction is the S lane, the lane in the east coming direction is the E lane, the lane in the west coming direction is the W lane, and the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N is embedded at the end close to the crossroad in the N lane1In N lanes with earth-pressure type magnetic induction coil N1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N at a distance of L meters2(ii) a Approximately ten in S laneGround pressure type magnetic induction coil S embedded at port end of character road1In S lane with earth pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S at a distance of L meters2(ii) a In the same way, a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil W is embedded in a W lane1And W2(ii) a Buried earth pressure type magnetic induction coil E in E lane1And E2；
Counting the distance from the lane to the crossroad in the coming direction to be within the range of L at TSNOr TEWThe method for keeping the number C of the coming vehicles in each lane in any time period is as follows:
taking the statistical time period as TSNNumber of remaining vehicles C in S lanesFor example;
step 2.1, time TSNStarting to count down when the vehicle from south to north in the S lane passes S2Then, record CS2=CS2+1；
Step 2.2, recording C after the automobile passes S1S1=CS1+1；
Step 2.3, time TSNWhen the countdown is finished, the cumulative driving S in the S lane is calculated2And does not drive over S1Number of vehicles, i.e. elapsed time TSNThen, the number of the coming vehicles C remained in the S laneS=CS2-CS1；
In the same way, at TSNOr TEWThe number of the coming vehicles C reserved in each coming direction lane by taking the crossroad as the center in any time periodE、CW、CN
Has the advantages that:
the ground pressure type magnetic induction coils in the four-direction lanes send vehicle data to the traffic signal controller in real time, and the single chip microcomputer changes an algorithm of the next traffic light duration in real time according to the detected number of the vehicles remaining in the lanes, so that the direction channels with high vehicle flow can pass smoothly, the extrusion congestion phenomenon is reduced, and the traffic signal lights at the intersection can work orderly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lane in each incoming direction at an intersection;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the operation of the traffic signal controller;
fig. 3 is a traffic signal control flow diagram.
Detailed Description
A traffic signal controller is arranged at a crossroad, as shown in figure 2, the traffic signal controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, a vehicle counting device connected with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, a ROM memory with certain capacity and connected with the single chip microcomputer, and traffic lights connected with the output end of the single chip microcomputer, when the duration of one traffic light is over, the single chip microcomputer compares the reserved quantity of vehicles in each lane according to the quantity of the vehicles respectively reserved in each lane, the duration of the next traffic light is changed in real time, and the green light time corresponding to the lane with a large quantity of vehicles is prolonged or the red light time is shortened.
The vehicle counting device is used for counting the distance between the lane of the coming vehicle direction and the crossroad within a range of L, the number of the coming vehicles C reserved in each lane, and the number of the coming vehicles reserved in the lane of the coming vehicle in the north are recorded as CNAnd the number of the coming vehicles reserved in the coming lane in south is recorded as CSThe number of the coming vehicles remaining in the lane of the east coming vehicle is marked as CEThe number of the coming vehicles left in the lane of the coming vehicles in the west is marked as CWTime length T of green light in north-south direction of crossroadSNDuration T of green light in east-west directionEW。
An algorithm for dynamically adjusting the time length of a traffic light according to traffic flow specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an initial state, namely setting the green light time length T in the north-south direction in a single chip microcomputerSN=60s, duration T of green light in east-west directionEWThe duration of green light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of red light in the east-west direction, and the duration of red light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of green light in the east-west direction; the traffic lights in the south and north directions are alternately displayed, the traffic lights in the east and west directions are alternately displayed, when the red lights are in the south and north directions, the green lights are in the east and west directions, and when the red lights are in the east and west directions, the green lights are in the south and north directions;
Step 3, comparing the corresponding statistical time period TSNOr TEWIn the two opposite direction lanes, the most coming vehicles are reserved in the lanes, and the most coming vehicles are in the east and west direction lanesEW=Max（CE，CW) The maximum number of vehicles coming in the lanes in the north-south direction is CSN=Max（CS，CN），
Step 4, comparing the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the east-west direction with the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the north-south direction, and comparing to obtain the number of vehicles coming from the lanes in which direction is accumulated to a sufficient number;
if C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW＜80s，TSNWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TEW=TEW+10s，TSN=TSN-10s；
If C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW=80s，TSNIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TEW=80s，TSN=40s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN＜80s，TEWWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TSN=TSN+10s，TEW=TEW-10s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN=80s，TEWIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TSN=80s，TEW=40s；
Otherwise, the next time length of traffic light, TSN=60s，TEW=60s；
And entering the step 2.
T described in step 2SNAnd TEWThe sequential loop statistics means that in the current loop of the algorithm, the time length counted in the step 2 is TSNIn the next cycle, the statistical duration in step 2 is TEW。
The vehicle statistical device in the step 2 is a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil circuit, which comprises a ground pressure type induction coil and a detector, wherein the detector is connected with a single chip microcomputer, the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil is embedded in the ground of the intersection of the existing red light lamp to detect whether the coming vehicle has a red light running behavior, the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil is a group of closed coils, the induction coil, a capacitor and an amplification feedback circuit thereof are combined into an oscillator, the oscillation frequency is generally designed to be a natural frequency within the range of 10KHz to 1MHz, when the vehicle passes through the induction line, eddy current can be generated, the center frequency drifts, when the detector detects the drift frequency, the vehicle is judged to pass through, and a corresponding logic signal is output to the single chip microcomputer.
As shown in figure 1, at the intersection, the intersection is taken as the center, the lane in the north coming direction is the N lane, the lane in the south coming direction is the S lane, the lane in the east coming direction is the E lane, the lane in the west coming direction is the W lane, and the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N is embedded at the end close to the intersection in the N lane1In N lanes with earth-pressure type magnetic induction coil N1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N at a distance of L meters2(ii) a Buried earth pressure type magnetic induction coil S near cross road opening end in S lane1In S lane with earth pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S at a distance of L meters2(ii) a In the same way, a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil W is embedded in a W lane1And W2(ii) a Buried earth pressure type magnetic induction coil E in E lane1And E2；
Counting the distance from the lane to the crossroad in the coming direction to be within the range of L at TSNOr TEWThe method for keeping the number C of the coming vehicles in each lane in any time period is as follows:
by counting the time period TSNNumber of remaining vehicles C in S lanesFor example;
step 2.1, time TSNStarting to count down, when vehicles from south to north in the S lane pass through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S2Then, the detector of the earth pressure type magnetic induction coil circuit sends a signal to the singlechip, and the singlechip records CS2=CS2+1；
Step 2.2, when the automobile passes through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Then, the detector of the earth pressure type magnetic induction coil circuit sends a signal to the singlechip, and the singlechip records CS1=CS1+1；
Step 2.3, time TSNWhen the countdown is finished, the singlechip calculates the accumulated running-over ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S in the S lane2And does not pass through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Number of vehicles, i.e. elapsed time TSNThen, the number of the coming vehicles C remained in the S laneS=CS2-CS1。
In the same way, the single chip microcomputer counts at TSNOr TEWThe number of the coming vehicles C reserved in each coming direction lane by taking the crossroad as the center in any time periodE、CW、CN。
The invention utilizes the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil commonly used at the crossroad at present to collect the driving condition of the motor vehicle in the lane, and sends the driving condition to the crossroad traffic signal controller in real time, and dynamically adjusts the time length of the traffic light passing, namely when the detector detects that the accumulated vehicle in the current lane is obviously more than the lanes in the vertical direction, the time length of the green light in the next direction is increased, or the time length of the red light is reduced.
Claims (2)
1. An algorithm for dynamically adjusting the time length of a traffic light according to the traffic flow is characterized in that a traffic signal controller is arranged at a crossroad, and the traffic signal controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, a vehicle statistical device connected with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, a ROM (read only memory) connected with the single chip microcomputer and the traffic light connected with the output end of the single chip microcomputer;
the vehicle counting device is arranged in a lane of each coming vehicle direction with the intersection as the center and is used for counting the number C of the coming vehicles remained in each lane within the range of the distance L from the lane of the coming vehicle direction to the intersection; the number of the coming vehicles left in the lane of the coming vehicles in the north is recorded as CNAnd the number of the coming vehicles reserved in the coming lane in south is recorded as CSThe number of the coming vehicles remaining in the lane of the east coming vehicle is marked as CEThe number of the coming vehicles left in the lane of the coming vehicles in the west is marked as CW(ii) a When the duration of one red light or green light is over, the single chip microcomputer compares the reserved quantity of the vehicles in each lane, the duration of the next traffic light is changed in real time, the green light time corresponding to the lane with the larger quantity of vehicles is prolonged, or the red light time is shortened;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an initial state, namely setting the green light time length T in the north-south direction in a single chip microcomputerSN=60s, duration T of green light in east-west directionEWThe duration of green light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of red light in the east-west direction, and the duration of red light in the north-south direction is equal to the duration of green light in the east-west direction;
step 2, at TSNOr TEWIn any time period, the vehicle counting device counts the number C of the vehicles left in the lane of each vehicle coming direction by taking the crossroad as the centerS、CE、CWAnd CN(ii) a Wherein, for TSNAnd TEWCarrying out cycle statistics in sequence; t described in step 2SNAnd TEWThe sequential loop statistics means that in the current loop of the algorithm, the time length counted in the step 2 is TSNIn the next cycle, the statistical duration in step 2 is TEW；
Step 3, comparing the corresponding statistical time period TSNOr TEWIn the two opposite direction lanes, the most coming vehicles are reserved in the lanes, and the most coming vehicles are in the east and west direction lanesEW=Max（CE，CW) The maximum number of vehicles coming in the lanes in the north-south direction is CSN=Max（CS，CN）；
Step 4, comparing the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the east-west direction with the maximum number of vehicles coming from the lanes in the north-south direction, and comparing to obtain the number of vehicles coming from the lanes in which direction is accumulated to a sufficient number;
if C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW＜80s，TSNWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TEW=TEW+10s，TSN=TSN-10s；
If C is presentEW≥2 CSNAnd T isEW=80s，TSNIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TEW=80s，TSN=40s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN＜80s，TEWWhen the time is more than 40s, the time length of the next traffic light is adjusted, TSN=TSN+10s，TEW=TEW-10s；
If C is presentSN≥2 CEWAnd T isSN=80s，TEWIf =40s, the time length of the next traffic light, TSN=80s，TEW=40s；
Otherwise, the next time length of traffic light, TSN=60s，TEW=60s；
And entering the step 2.
2. The algorithm for dynamically adjusting duration of traffic lights according to traffic flow according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle statistical device is a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil circuit comprising a ground pressure type induction coil and a detector, the detector is connected with a single chip microcomputer, a lane in the north coming direction is a N lane, a lane in the south coming direction is an S lane, a lane in the east coming direction is an E lane, a lane in the west coming direction is a W lane, and a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N is embedded at the end of a near cross road in the N lanes1In N lanes with earth-pressure type magnetic induction coil N1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil N at a distance of L meters2(ii) a Buried earth pressure type magnetic induction coil S near cross road opening end in S lane1In S lane with earth pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Buried ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S at a distance of L meters2(ii) a In the same way, a ground pressure type magnetic induction coil W is embedded in a W lane1And W2(ii) a Buried earth pressure type magnetic induction coil E in E lane1And E2；
Counting the distance from the lane to the crossroad in the coming direction to be within the range of L at TSNOr TEWThe method for keeping the number C of the coming vehicles in each lane in any time period is as follows:
taking the statistical time period as TSNNumber of remaining vehicles C in S lanesFor example;
step 2.1, time TSNStarting to count down, when vehicles from south to north in the S lane pass through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S2Then, record CS2=CS2+1；
Step 2.2, after the automobile passes through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S1, recording CS1=CS1+1；
Step 2.3, time TSNWhen the countdown is finished, the accumulated running-over ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S in the S lane is calculated2And does not pass through the ground pressure type magnetic induction coil S1Number of vehicles, i.e. elapsed time TSNThen, the number of the coming vehicles C remained in the S laneS=CS2-CS1；
In the same way, at TSNOr TEWIn any time period, counting the number C of the vehicles left in each lane of the coming direction with the crossroad as the centerE、CW、CN。
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| CN110491138A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-22 | 广东天机工业智能系统有限公司 | Traffic light control system and its control method |
| CN112991602B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-05-26 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Bidirectional access control system and control method thereof |
| CN111091725A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 平顶山学院 | Crossroad traffic flow detection and signal lamp intelligent control method |
| CN112150836A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-29 | 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司 | Green light time delay method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN112967512A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-15 | 安徽达尔智能控制系统股份有限公司 | Cross road traffic signal dynamic control method and system based on big data |
| CN114299733B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-14 | 逸兴泰辰技术有限公司 | Crossing traffic light passing time adjusting system |
| CN113674541B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-01-03 | 逸兴泰辰技术有限公司 | Crossing traffic light passing time adjusting method and server |
| CN114863701B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-01-16 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Traffic signal lamp control method, device, electronic equipment and medium |
| CN116721558B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2024-01-16 | 新唐信通(浙江)科技有限公司 | Signal lamp adjusting method and system based on visible light communication |
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