CN109783417B - Serial port communication device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a serial port communication device which comprises an MCU, a lithium battery, a high-speed universal serial bus physical interface, a TF card interface, a standard serial port input port, a serial port state indicator lamp and a TF card state indicator lamp. The serial communication device can effectively solve the problems that the serial communication of the electronic equipment is difficult to interact in a plurality of scenes and communication software needs to be customized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of serial communication, in particular to a serial communication device and method.
Background
Serial communication is widely used in various communication devices as a simple and common communication mode. A serial port data interaction method is a five-door and eight-door method, but basically a serial port line is used for connecting a computer and equipment, a serial port tool on the computer is used for data interaction, or specific software is used for interaction with the equipment; these methods are usually customized interactive programs, and when there is a change, the program needs to be modified, so the existing methods are not suitable for many situations, such as high-temperature environments, when serial data interactive analysis is performed on a large number of devices, and when the devices often move positions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the background art, provides a serial port communication device and a serial port communication method, in particular to a device and a method for carrying out real-time communication on RS232 port data of electronic equipment, and can effectively solve the problem of serial port data interaction of various electronic equipment in various scenes.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a serial port communication device comprises an MCU, a lithium battery, a high-speed universal serial bus physical interface, a TF card interface, a standard serial port input port, a serial port state indicator lamp and a TF card state indicator lamp; the lithium battery, the TF card interface, the standard serial port input port, the serial port state indicator lamp and the TF card state indicator lamp are respectively connected with the MCU, the lithium battery is used for supplying power to an internal clock of the MCU so as to maintain the real time of serial port communication captured by the device, the TF card interface is used for placing the TF card and storing serial port communication data files and configuration files required by the device when the device is started after being loaded by the MCU, and the serial port state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the serial port; the TF card state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the TF card; the MCU is connected with the high-speed universal serial bus physical interface through the physical switch, and the serial port communication device has the characteristics of small volume, convenience in movement, wide application range and the like.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a serial communication method which is realized by the serial communication device and comprises the following steps:
A. formulating a serial port communication configuration file format; mainly is a definition method for the format of a serial communication configuration file;
B. entering a serial port communication flow; the method mainly comprises a device operation flow and a method for separating data transmission and data processing;
C. and (4) log saving.
Further, the step a specifically includes the following steps:
A1. establishing a serial port parameter descriptor;
A2. formulating a serial port communication command word;
A3. formulating a serial port communication logic configuration descriptor;
A4. and formulating a serial port communication configuration file.
Further, the serial port parameter descriptor in step a1 includes general serial port parameter setting information, and specifically includes: serial port number, serial port baud rate, parity check bit, data bit, stop bit;
the serial port communication command word in the step A2 is a command for transmitting data to the mainboard to be tested by the serial port, and comprises the steps of reading data from the equipment by the device, sending the data to the equipment by the device, waiting time of the device, and calling an analysis function by the device to analyze the serial port data;
the serial port communication logic configuration descriptor in the step a3 includes: the path name of the data processing dynamic library, the number of data processing commands, a data processing command descriptor 1 to a data processing command descriptor n;
the serial port communication configuration file in the step a4 includes: the serial port communication configuration file identifier with fixed length, the serial port number, the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor 1 to the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor n.
Further, the data processing command descriptor includes: serial port communication command words, communication parameter descriptors and communication parameter storage logs; the communication parameter descriptor includes: the number of parameters, communication parameter generation descriptor 1 through communication parameter generation descriptor n.
Further, the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor includes: a serial port parameter descriptor and a serial port communication logic configuration descriptor.
Further, the step B specifically includes the following steps after entering the serial port communication process:
B1. the device initializes each serial port according to the serial parameter descriptor in the serial communication configuration file;
B2. the device loads a data processing dynamic library and verifies the correctness of a logic processing function according to a communication logic configuration descriptor in the serial port communication configuration file;
B3. the device configures descriptor information according to communication logic in the serial communication configuration file, calls serial communication command words and related parameters to send or receive information to equipment; and calling a logic processing function in the dynamic library to process the received data;
B4. and storing data according to the log storage setting in the communication logic configuration descriptor.
Further, the step B1 specifically includes the following steps:
b1.1, after the device is started, reading a serial port communication configuration file in the TF card;
b1.2, analyzing the number of serial ports required to be configured by the device and specific parameters used by each serial port in the serial port parameter descriptor according to the definitions of the steps A1 to A4, and configuring the serial ports;
the step B2 specifically includes the following steps:
b2.1 customizing a dynamic library according to the actual equipment data processing requirement, wherein the dynamic library is used for processing the data sent to the equipment by the device according to the configuration file and the received data fed back by the equipment, and the dynamic library can be loaded and executed on a system required by the device after compiling is finished;
b2.2, according to the definitions of the steps A1 to A4, analyzing serial port communication logic configuration descriptors in the communication configuration files to obtain dynamic library file names, paths, logic operations and operation sequences of all data sending and data receiving on one port, parameters required by each operation and processing functions corresponding to the parameters, and generating a logic operation list according to the information;
and B2.3, loading the dynamic library to a corresponding position of the system, verifying whether the dynamic library has a corresponding processing function according to the name of the logic processing function, and reporting an error if the dynamic library does not have the corresponding processing function.
Further, the step C specifically includes: creating a log file for each port after step B2 and before step B3; the command mode is as follows: serial port number + system clock; the content is stored in units of logical operation, each unit contains two lines of content:
the first row of contents is: a data processing command descriptor in the communication configuration file;
the second row of contents is: system clock, data length, data value at command execution time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the serial port communication device and the method can effectively solve the problems that the serial port communication of the electronic equipment is difficult to interact in a plurality of scenes and communication software needs to be customized, have the advantages of simple operation, practicality and convenience, and can know which operation and operation result are carried out by the device through analyzing log files without updating the device drive when the device carries out data interaction with different equipment and loading a new dynamic library and a new serial port communication configuration file.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the embodiments of the invention described hereinafter.
Example (b):
a serial port communication device comprises a single-chip Microcomputer (MCU), a lithium battery, a high-speed universal serial bus physical interface (USB PHY), a TF card interface, a standard serial port input port, a serial port status indicator lamp and a TF card status indicator lamp.
The lithium battery, the TF card interface, the standard serial port input port, the serial port state indicator lamp and the TF card state indicator lamp are respectively connected with the MCU, the lithium battery is used for supplying power to an internal clock of the MCU so as to maintain the real time of serial port communication captured by the device, the TF card interface is used for placing the TF card and storing serial port communication data files and configuration files required by the device when the device is started after being loaded by the MCU, and the serial port state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the serial port; the TF card state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the TF card; the MCU is connected with the high-speed universal serial bus physical interface through a physical switch.
The embodiment discloses a serial communication method, which is realized by the serial communication device, aiming at the problems that the serial communication of electronic equipment is difficult to interact in a plurality of scenes and communication software needs to be customized.
The serial port communication method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: formulating a serial port communication configuration file format:
s1.1, establishing a serial port parameter descriptor which comprises general serial port parameter setting information;
wherein, the serial port parameter descriptor includes: serial port number, serial port baud rate, parity check bit, data bit, stop bit.
S1.2, formulating a serial port communication command word, namely, a command for transmitting data to a mainboard to be tested by a serial port, comprising the following steps:
UART _ READ; the device reads data from the device;
UART _ WRITE; the device sends data to the device;
UART _ WAIT; how much time the device waits;
UART _ PARSE; the device calls the analysis function to analyze the serial port data.
S1.3, establishing a serial port communication logic configuration descriptor;
the method comprises the following steps: data processing dynamic library pathnames; number of data processing commands; data processing command descriptor 1 through data processing command descriptor n.
Specifically, the data processing command descriptor includes: serial port communication command words; a communication parameter descriptor; and saving a log of the communication parameters.
The communication parameter storage log comprises the following components:
0: the command and the parameter (data after logic processing) are not saved;
1: and (5) storing.
The communication parameter descriptor includes: the number of parameters; communication parameter generation descriptor 1 to communication parameter generation descriptor n.
Further, the parameter types of the communication parameter generation descriptor are divided into 3 types, which are respectively represented by 0,1, and 2, and specifically include:
0 represents that the parameter type is a communication parameter generation descriptor of the specified data;
1 represents that the parameter type is a communication parameter generation descriptor of a logic processing function;
2 denotes a logical processing function parameter whose parameter type is the result finally produced using the data processing command descriptor x.
Wherein the logic processing function comprises: logically processing the function name; the number of logic processing function parameters from 1 to n.
X is a descriptor X of the data processing command, i.e. the result generated after the execution of the logic processing command X, the result data is kept in the memory space of the device.
For example:
logic command 1: UART _ WRITE, {1, {0, {4, 0 xababbccd } }, 1; the method comprises the steps of sending data to equipment, wherein the sending parameters are 1, the type is formulated data, the length is 4 bytes, the content is 0 xaabbcdd, and the command and the parameters are stored in a log file;
logical command 2: UART _ READ, {1, {0, {8, 0x0} }, 1; the receiving parameter is 1, the type is specified data, the length is 8 bytes, and the content is 0x 0; namely: receiving 8 bytes of data from a device; saving the command and the parameters into a log file; and saves the received 8 bytes of data to a log file. It receives 8 its own data marked as Step _ data _ 2;
logical command 3: UART _ part, {1, {1, "Para _ test 1", 0x1, {2, { Step _ data _2} } } } }, 1; this step indicates that data analysis is performed on 8 bytes received by the logic command 2; that is, the Step parameter is 1, the type is a function, the function name is "Para _ test 1", the function needs to use 1 parameter and the type is 2, and the final result (Step _ data _2) of the logic command 2 is used as the parameter; the result generated after the Para _ test1 function is operated is saved as Step _ data _3 and is saved to a log file;
logical command 4: UART _ WRITE, {1, {2, { Step _ data _3} } }, 1; sending the Step _ data _3 data generated by the logic command 3 to the equipment, and storing the command and the parameters into a log file;
logical command 5: UART _ WAIT, {1, {0, {4, 0x3e8} }, 1; namely, the serial port waits for 1000 ms; 0x3e8 is 1000 decimal; and saving the command and the parameters into a log file;
logic command 6: UART _ PARSE, {1, {1, "Para _ test 2", 0x2, {2, { Step _ data _2}, {2, { Step _ data _3} } } } }, 1; the step represents that the data analysis is carried out on the execution results of the logic command 2 and the logic command 3; that is, the Step parameter is 1, the type is a function, the function name is 'Para _ test 2', the required parameters of the function are 2, the types are all 2 (logical command processing result), and the parameters are Step _ data _2 and Step _ data _ 3; the result of the Para _ test2 function after completion of its run is saved as Step _ data _ 6.
S1.4, formulating a serial port communication configuration file;
the method comprises the following steps: the serial port communication configuration file identifier with fixed length, the serial port number, the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor 1 to the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor n;
wherein, the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor includes: a serial port parameter descriptor; and (4) a serial communication logic configuration descriptor.
S2, a serial port communication process:
s2.1, initializing each serial port by the device according to a serial port parameter descriptor in the serial port communication configuration file;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: after the device is started, reading a serial port communication configuration file in the TF card; and (4) analyzing specific parameters of the device, which need to be configured with a plurality of serial ports and each serial port in the serial port parameter descriptor, according to the definitions of the steps S1.1 to S1.4, and configuring the serial ports.
S2.2, the device loads a data processing dynamic library and verifies the correctness of a logic processing function according to a communication logic configuration descriptor in the serial port communication configuration file;
in the embodiment, data transmission and data processing of the device are separated; the device mainly has the task of sending data to the equipment according to the configuration file and receiving the data fed back by the equipment. And the data processing is mainly completed by the functions in the dynamic library. The dynamic library is customized according to actual equipment data processing requirements, can be loaded and executed on a system required by the device after compiling is completed, and when the device performs data interaction with different equipment, the device driver does not need to be updated, but a new dynamic library and a new serial port communication configuration file are loaded.
The device analyzes the serial port communication logic configuration descriptor in the communication configuration file according to the steps S1.1 to S1.4 to obtain the name and the path of the dynamic library file, the logic operation and the operation sequence of all data sending and data receiving on one port, parameters required by each operation and processing functions corresponding to the parameters; and then loading the dynamic library to a corresponding position of the system, verifying whether the dynamic library has a corresponding processing function according to the name of the logic processing function, and reporting an error through a front panel if the dynamic library does not have the corresponding processing function.
S2.3, the device carries out data communication;
the device configures descriptor information according to communication logic in the serial communication configuration file, calls serial communication command words and related parameters to send or receive information to equipment; and calling a logic processing function in the dynamic library to process the received data.
And S2.4, storing data according to the log storage setting in the communication logic configuration descriptor.
S3, log storage mode:
creating a log file for each port after step S2.2 and before step S2.3; the command mode is as follows: serial port number + system clock; the content is stored in units of logical operation, each unit contains two lines of content:
the first row of contents is: a data processing command descriptor in the communication configuration file;
the second row of contents is: system clock, data length, data value at command execution time.
The data length and the data value specifically include:
operation is UART _ READ: the data length and the data value are returned from the equipment;
operating as UART _ WRITE: the data length and the data value are the data length and the data value sent by the device to the equipment;
operation is UART _ WAIT: the data length is 4 bytes, and the data value is the waiting time;
operating as UART _ PARSE: the data length and the data value are returned after the processing function is completed.
The maintenance personnel can know which operation is performed by the device and the operation result by analyzing the log file.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A serial communication method is realized by a serial communication device, and is characterized in that the serial communication device comprises an MCU, a lithium battery, a high-speed universal serial bus physical interface, a TF card interface, a standard serial input port, a serial status indicator lamp and a TF card status indicator lamp;
the lithium battery, the TF card interface, the standard serial port input port, the serial port state indicator lamp and the TF card state indicator lamp are respectively connected with the MCU, the lithium battery is used for supplying power to an internal clock of the MCU so as to maintain the real time of serial port communication captured by the device, the TF card interface is used for placing the TF card and storing serial port communication data files and configuration files required by the device when the device is started after being loaded by the MCU, and the serial port state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the serial port; the TF card state indicator lamp is used for indicating the working state of the TF card; the MCU is connected with the high-speed universal serial bus physical interface through a physical switch;
the serial port communication method comprises the following steps:
A. formulating a serial port communication configuration file format;
B. entering a serial port communication flow;
C. log saving;
the step A specifically comprises the following steps:
A1. establishing a serial port parameter descriptor;
A2. formulating a serial port communication command word;
A3. formulating a serial port communication logic configuration descriptor;
A4. formulating a serial port communication configuration file;
the serial port parameter descriptor in the step a1 includes general serial port parameter setting information, and specifically includes: serial port number, serial port baud rate, parity check bit, data bit, stop bit;
the serial port communication command word in the step A2 is a command for transmitting data to the mainboard to be tested by the serial port, and comprises the steps of reading data from the equipment by the device, sending the data to the equipment by the device, waiting time of the device, and calling an analysis function by the device to analyze the serial port data;
the serial port communication logic configuration descriptor in the step a3 includes: the path name of the data processing dynamic library, the number of data processing commands, a data processing command descriptor 1 to a data processing command descriptor n;
the serial port communication configuration file in the step a4 includes: the serial port communication configuration file identifier with fixed length, the serial port number, the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor 1 to the serial port configuration and logic operation descriptor n.
2. The serial port communication method according to claim 1, wherein the data processing command descriptor comprises: serial port communication command words, communication parameter descriptors and communication parameter storage logs; the communication parameter descriptor includes: the number of parameters, communication parameter generation descriptor 1 through communication parameter generation descriptor n.
3. The serial port communication method according to claim 1, wherein the serial port configuration and logical operation descriptor comprises: a serial port parameter descriptor and a serial port communication logic configuration descriptor.
4. The serial communication method according to claim 1, wherein the step B specifically includes the following steps after entering the serial communication process:
B1. the device initializes each serial port according to the serial parameter descriptor in the serial communication configuration file;
B2. the device loads a data processing dynamic library and verifies the correctness of a logic processing function according to a communication logic configuration descriptor in the serial port communication configuration file;
B3. the device configures descriptor information according to communication logic in the serial communication configuration file, calls serial communication command words and related parameters to send or receive information to equipment; and calling a logic processing function in the dynamic library to process the received data;
B4. and storing data according to the log storage setting in the communication logic configuration descriptor.
5. The serial port communication method according to claim 4, wherein the step B1 specifically comprises the following steps:
b1.1, after the device is started, reading a serial port communication configuration file in the TF card;
b1.2, analyzing the number of serial ports required to be configured by the device and specific parameters used by each serial port in the serial port parameter descriptor according to the definitions of the steps A1 to A4, and configuring the serial ports;
the step B2 specifically includes the following steps:
b2.1 customizing a dynamic library according to the actual equipment data processing requirement, wherein the dynamic library is used for processing the data sent to the equipment by the device according to the configuration file and the received data fed back by the equipment, and the dynamic library can be loaded and executed on a system required by the device after compiling is finished;
b2.2, according to the definitions of the steps A1 to A4, analyzing serial port communication logic configuration descriptors in the communication configuration files to obtain dynamic library file names, paths, logic operations and operation sequences of all data sending and data receiving on one port, parameters required by each operation and processing functions corresponding to the parameters, and generating a logic operation list according to the information;
and B2.3, loading the dynamic library to a corresponding position of the system, verifying whether the dynamic library has a corresponding processing function according to the name of the logic processing function, and reporting an error if the dynamic library does not have the corresponding processing function.
6. The serial port communication method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the step C specifically comprises: creating a log file for each port after step B2 and before step B3; the command mode is as follows: serial port number + system clock; the content is stored in units of logical operation, each unit contains two lines of content:
the first row of contents is: a data processing command descriptor in the communication configuration file;
the second row of contents is: system clock, data length, data value at command execution time.
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Application publication date: 20190521 Assignee: Sichuan Changhong Xinwang Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SICHUAN CHANGHONG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980043949 Denomination of invention: A serial communication device and method Granted publication date: 20220315 License type: Common License Record date: 20231030 |