CN109781258A - A kind of method that map association obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy - Google Patents
A kind of method that map association obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781258A CN109781258A CN201811639130.4A CN201811639130A CN109781258A CN 109781258 A CN109781258 A CN 109781258A CN 201811639130 A CN201811639130 A CN 201811639130A CN 109781258 A CN109781258 A CN 109781258A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of maps to be associated with the method for obtaining sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, by solving the sea-surface target spectrum of mixed image space out from mixed spectra, interference of the garbages such as seawater background to spectrum has been filtered out, to improve the accuracy of sea-surface target spectrum.By the way that divided by atmospheric transmittance, the sea-surface target spectrum of image space to be converted to the sea-surface target spectrum of object space, influence of the atmospheric attenuation to spectrum is filtered out, to improve the accuracy of sea-surface target spectrum.The scanning search of full filed is carried out using " bow " shape, scanning range can cover full filed, and action command is few, and scanning speed is fast, to improve the real-time of sea-surface target spectrum.It uses using aimless pure sea infrared image as background and adaptive non-homogeneous correction is done to the infrared image containing target, image is enhanced with the method for greyscale transformation again, it is small to solve the grey value difference of the gray value of sea-surface target and seawater, it is difficult to the problem of extracting target.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the crossing domains that Digital Image Processing and spectral information are handled, more particularly, to a kind of map
The method that association obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy.
Background technique
Real-time target detection identification technology is important always research direction, proposes that a kind of map association is set in the prior art
Standby, the fast and stable for complex background identifies.Map association detection is a kind of multimode detection mode, comprising: infrared image is visited
Survey mode, radiation spectrum detection mode, map combination detection mode.Using the different radiation characteristic of different objects, according to target
Radiation spectrum carry out target detection identification.In particular, when the form and dimensional variation that carry out long-range detection or target
When big, target can not effectively be identified by infrared image, the detection identification of target can be carried out by spectral information, improves mesh
The accuracy rate of mark detection identification.Therefore, there is more accurate requirement to the measurement of spectrum.
However, partial target may be only had by surveying spectrum region when map associate device detects sea-surface target, it can also be mixed with seawater
Background, the spectrum surveyed are actually the mixed spectra of sea-surface target Yu seawater background, result in and precisely obtain sea in real time
Target optical spectrum is difficult.In addition, the spectrum measured will receive atmospheric attenuation influence, therefore, obtained from the spectrum that image space measures true
It is real, the target optical spectral data of atmospheric attenuation is not difficult.Meanwhile the heat source of ship engine is being surveyed mostly in hull interior
In the infrared image obtained, the gray value of the sea-surface targets such as ship and the grey value difference of seawater are small, along with setting due to equipment
Defect is counted, causing the survey of infrared image to compose region has fixed picture noise, therefore increases sea-surface target and surveying mentioning for spectrum region
Take difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, excessive and big due to surveying spectrum region in the prior art it is an object of the invention to solve
Gas influence of fading and lead to the low technical problem of sea-surface target spectral accuracy obtained.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of map association acquisition sea-surface target is red
The method of external spectrum, method includes the following steps:
Step S1. carries out the scanning search of full filed using map associate device, if sea-surface target is not detected, in real time
Background spectrum is updated, and is continued searching；It often detects sea-surface target, enters step S2；
Step S2. judges whether the position of sea-surface target is surveying spectrum region, if so, being directly entered step S3；Otherwise, it updates
Background spectrum enters back into step S3；
Sea-surface target is locked in by target following and surveys spectrum center by step S3., measures current mixed spectra, and save and work as
Preceding infrared image；
Step S4. pre-processes the current infrared image, mentions from the survey spectrum region of infrared image after pretreatment
The sea-surface target in the region is taken, sea-surface target is calculated and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region；
Step S5. accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region according to mixed spectra, background spectrum and sea-surface target, calculates the sea of image space
Target optical spectrum；
Step S6. calculates the sea-surface target spectrum of object space according to the sea-surface target spectrum and atmospheric transmittance of image space.
Specifically, map associate device described in step S1 uses " bow " shape scanning strategy.
Specifically, the light issued with parallel light tube simulation infinite point, imaging image planes polishing wax respond maximum point, as
Survey spectrum center.
Specifically, step S4 the following steps are included:
S401. the current infrared image is pre-processed；
S402. survey spectrum region is extracted from pretreated infrared image；
S403. to spectrum region progress Threshold segmentation is surveyed, sea-surface target is extracted in surveying spectrum region；
S404. pixel number N shared by sea-surface target is countedtarget；
S405. it calculates sea-surface target and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum regionWherein, NtotalTo survey spectrum region infrared
Shared pixel number on image.
Specifically, the pretreatment includes: that be that background is done using aimless pure sea infrared image adaptive non-equal
Even correction.
Specifically, the pretreatment includes: to be enhanced with greyscale transformation image.
Specifically, the sea-surface target spectrum calculation formula of the image space is as follows:
Wherein, Starget(T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of image space, SM(T, λ) is mixed spectra, Sb(T, λ) is bias light
Spectrum, SINS(T, λ) be map associate device inside spectral migration, P be sea-surface target account for survey spectrum region ratio, T be bright temperature, λ be into
Penetrate optical wavelength.
Specifically, the sea-surface target spectrum calculation formula of object space is as follows:
Wherein, Starget' (T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of object space, Starget(T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of image space, τ
For the corresponding atmospheric transmittance of λ, T is bright temperature, and λ is lambda1-wavelength.
Specifically, atmospheric transmittance τ is obtained by radiative transfer model modtran.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage mediums
Computer program is stored in matter, which realizes that map described in above-mentioned first aspect is associated with when being executed by processor
The method for obtaining sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
1. the present invention mixes the sea-surface target spectrum of image space out by solving from mixed spectra, it is useless seawater background etc. has been filtered out
Interference of the information to spectrum, to improve the accuracy of sea-surface target spectrum.
2. the sea-surface target spectrum of image space by being converted to the sea-surface target light of object space divided by atmospheric transmittance by the present invention
Spectrum, has filtered out influence of the atmospheric attenuation to spectrum, to improve the accuracy of sea-surface target spectrum.
3. the present invention carries out the scanning search of full filed using " bow " shape, scanning range can cover full filed, and act
Instruction is few, and scanning speed is fast, to improve the real-time of sea-surface target spectrum.
The infrared image containing target is done using aimless pure sea infrared image as background 4. the present invention is used
Adaptive non-homogeneous correction, then image is enhanced with the method for greyscale transformation, to solve the gray value of sea-surface target
It is small with the grey value difference of seawater, it is difficult to the problem of extracting target.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that a kind of map association provided in an embodiment of the present invention obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy；
Fig. 2 (a) is full-field scanning schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (b) is " bow " shape scanning mode schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is background spectrum instrumentation plan provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that sea-surface target provided in an embodiment of the present invention appears in the infrared image signal for staring visual field survey spectrum center
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the sea-surface target spectral schematic provided in an embodiment of the present invention that atmospheric attenuation is filtered out after solving mixed processing.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method that map association obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, method includes the following steps:
Step S1. carries out the scanning search of full filed using map associate device, if sea-surface target is not detected, in real time
Background spectrum is updated, and is continued searching；It often detects sea-surface target, enters step S2；
Step S2. judges whether the position of sea-surface target is surveying spectrum region, if so, being directly entered step S3；Otherwise, it updates
Background spectrum enters back into step S3；
Sea-surface target is locked in by target following and surveys spectrum center by step S3., measures current mixed spectra, and save and work as
Preceding infrared image；
Step S4. pre-processes the current infrared image, mentions from the survey spectrum region of infrared image after pretreatment
The sea-surface target in the region is taken, sea-surface target is calculated and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region；
Step S5. accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region according to mixed spectra, background spectrum and sea-surface target, calculates the sea of image space
Target optical spectrum；
Step S6. calculates the sea-surface target spectrum of object space according to the sea-surface target spectrum and atmospheric transmittance of image space.
Step S1. carries out the scanning search of full filed using map associate device, if sea-surface target is not detected, in real time
Background spectrum is updated, and is continued searching；It often detects sea-surface target, enters step S2.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a), the scanning search of full filed, the full view of map associate device are carried out using map associate device
Field size is ± 20 ° × ± 20 °, and staring visual field size is 2 ° × 2 °, and the imaging frequency of infrared imaging detector is 50Hz.According to
Geometrical principle, if it is desired to most fast scanning speed, then the action command of servo should lack as far as possible.As shown in Fig. 2 (b), the present invention
It is scanned using " bow " shape scanning strategy, scanning range can cover full filed, and action command is few.
Moving platform controls the scanning that servo carries out full filed with " bow " shape, sea-surface target is searched for, if not detecting sea
Area Objects are then continued to scan on " bow " shape always, and update background spectrum S with the infrared spectroscopy currently measuredb(T, λ), T are bright
Temperature, λ are wavelength；It often detects target, then enters step S2.This is the process persistently scanned, has been handled to this target
Afterwards, then to next target it is tracked, surveys spectrum, solves the processing such as mixed.Sea-surface target is also possible to transport either static target
Moving-target.
During full-field scanning, the image of map associate device outflow can change with the change for staring visual field
Become.In the present invention, control servo is mobile, is detected from the infrared image of outflow with infrared image target detection multilevel filter algorithm
Satisfactory sea-surface target out.
Step S2. judges whether the position of sea-surface target is surveying spectrum region, if so, being directly entered step S3；Otherwise, it updates
Background spectrum enters back into step S3.
For map associate device using imaging at the design of spectrum " common optical axis ", imaging center and survey spectrum center should be same
On a point.But due to mismachining tolerance and assembly problem, the survey of map associate device composes center not on imaging center, because
This, the present invention simulates the light that infinite point issues with parallel light tube, looks for the maximum point of spectral response in imaging image planes, as surveys
Spectrum center.And the size for surveying spectrum region can be obtained from the device parameter of map associate device.
After detecting sea-surface target, it is known that it is in the position coordinates (X currently stared in visual fieldtarget,Ytarget), such as
Shown in Fig. 3, since map associate device is only to zonule measure spectrum near field of view center is stared, surveyed before measuring target optical spectrum
What is measured is the spectrum of local background, if the coordinate is not surveying the infrared spectroscopy update background spectrum composing region, currently measuring
Sb(T,λ)。
Sea-surface target is locked in by target following and surveys spectrum center by step S3., measures current mixed spectra, and save and work as
Preceding infrared image.
As shown in figure 4, passing through the target following function of equipment, sea-surface target is locked to survey spectrum region (encircled table
Show survey spectrum region), measure mixed spectra S at this timeM(T, λ), wherein T is bright temperature, and λ is lambda1-wavelength.It records and saves and works as
Preceding infrared image Img.Mixed spectra is the spectrum for being mixed with target and seawater, this is the original spectral curve that instrument measures.
Step S4. pre-processes the current infrared image, mentions from the survey spectrum region of infrared image after pretreatment
The sea-surface target in the region is taken, sea-surface target is calculated and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region.
The quality of the infrared image obtained due to imaging detector has a great impact to subsequent Objective extraction, so,
Before carrying out Objective extraction, need using aimless pure sea infrared image to be background to the infrared figure at this time containing target
As Img does adaptive non-homogeneous correction, then image is enhanced with the method for greyscale transformation.Infrared image after being pre-processed
Img′。
The spectrum of the survey in image region is above extracted from pretreated infrared image Img ', then carries out threshold value to spectrum region is surveyed
Segmentation, to extract sea-surface target in surveying spectrum region.Count pixel number N shared by sea-surface targettarget, and survey spectrum region and exist
Shared pixel number is N on infrared imagetotal.Therefore, when a part of sea-surface target appears in survey spectrum region, the shared area Ce Pu
The weight proportion P in domain are as follows:
Step S5. accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region according to mixed spectra, background spectrum and sea-surface target, calculates the sea of image space
Target optical spectrum.
SM(T, λ) is the original mixed spectrum measured with map associate device, SO(T, λ) is with map associate device diaphragm
The target defined/background mixed spectra, SINS(T, λ) is spectral migration inside map associate device, for map associate device
Know parameter, Starget(T, λ) and Sb(T, λ) is respectively target and background radiation spectrum, and P is pixel ratio shared by target in diaphragm circle,
1-P is background pixel proportion, then has:
SM(T, λ)=SINS(T,λ)+SO(T,λ)
SO(T, λ)=PStarget(T,λ)+(1-P)Sb(T,λ)
The sea-surface target spectrum of image space can be solved are as follows:
Step S6. calculates the sea-surface target spectrum of object space according to the sea-surface target spectrum and atmospheric transmittance of image space
Wherein, Starget' (T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of object space, Starget(T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of image space, τ
For the corresponding atmospheric transmittance of wavelength X.
Modtran is radiative transfer model, can be used for calculating atmospheric transmittance and radiance, extensive in remote sensing fields
Atmospheric correction applied to image.After starting MODTRAN, need to carry out the parameter setting of next step, according to meteorological item at that time
Part selects atmospheric model, and setting atmospheric model, aerosol and sexual intercourse mode, the geometric ways of detection, wave band and resolution ratio sets
It sets.We can be calculated the atmospheric transmittance τ of desired 2-12um wave band with this model.As shown in figure 5, being obtained in image space
Target compose Starget(T, λ) can obtain the 2-12um wave of more accurate Small object divided by the atmospheric transmittance τ of corresponding wavelength λ
The infrared spectroscopy S of sectiontarget′(T,λ)。
More than, the only preferable specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto, and it is any
Within the technical scope of the present application, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
Cover within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that map association obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
Step S1. carries out the scanning search of full filed, if sea-surface target is not detected, real-time update using map associate device
Background spectrum, and continue searching；It often detects sea-surface target, enters step S2；
Step S2. judges whether the position of sea-surface target is surveying spectrum region, if so, being directly entered step S3；Otherwise, background is updated
Spectrum enters back into step S3；
Sea-surface target is locked in by target following and surveys spectrum center by step S3., measures current mixed spectra, and is saved current red
Outer image；
Step S4. pre-processes the current infrared image, and extracting from the survey spectrum region of infrared image after pretreatment should
Sea-surface target in region calculates sea-surface target and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region；
Step S5. accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region according to mixed spectra, background spectrum and sea-surface target, calculates the sea-surface target of image space
Spectrum；
Step S6. calculates the sea-surface target spectrum of object space according to the sea-surface target spectrum and atmospheric transmittance of image space.
2. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that in step S1
The map associate device uses " bow " shape scanning strategy.
3. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that use directional light
Pipe die intends the light that infinite point issues, and imaging image planes polishing wax responds maximum point, as survey spectrum center.
4. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that step S4 packet
Include following steps:
S401. the current infrared image is pre-processed；
S402. survey spectrum region is extracted from pretreated infrared image；
S403. to spectrum region progress Threshold segmentation is surveyed, sea-surface target is extracted in surveying spectrum region；
S404. pixel number N shared by sea-surface target is countedtarget；
S405. it calculates sea-surface target and accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum regionWherein, NtotalTo survey spectrum region in infrared image
Upper shared pixel number.
5. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that the pre- place
Reason includes: to do adaptive non-homogeneous correction by background of aimless pure sea infrared image.
6. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that the pre- place
Reason includes: to be enhanced with greyscale transformation image.
7. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that the image space
Sea-surface target spectrum calculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, Starget(T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of image space, SM(T, λ) is mixed spectra, Sb(T, λ) is background spectrum,
SINS(T, λ) is spectral migration inside map associate device, and P is that sea-surface target accounts for the ratio for surveying spectrum region, and T is bright temperature, and λ is incidence
Optical wavelength.
8. the method that map association as described in claim 1 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that the sea of object space
Area Objects spectrum calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, Starget' (T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of object space, Starget(T, λ) is the sea-surface target spectrum of image space, τ λ
Corresponding atmospheric transmittance, T are bright temperature, and λ is lambda1-wavelength.
9. the method that map association as claimed in claim 8 obtains sea-surface target infrared spectroscopy, which is characterized in that atmosphere penetrates
Rate τ is obtained by radiative transfer model modtran.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer on the computer readable storage medium
Program, the computer program realize that map association as described in any one of claim 1 to 9 obtains sea when being executed by processor
The method of Area Objects infrared spectroscopy.
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