CN109777038A - Ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material and preparation method - Google Patents
Ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material and preparation methods.Preparation method includes: to heat epoxy resin (EP) so that epoxy melting；Fire retardant is added in epoxy resin after being melted down, after mixing evenly, curing agent is added, stirs evenly, obtains mixture, wherein fire retardant includes polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester (PBPP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP)；It injects the mixture into mold, solidifies, obtain ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material.The present invention is modified epoxy resin by this, declines the maximum heat release rate of EP in EP thermal degradation process, the hot average value decline of active combustion, and greatly improves its remaining carbon, reduces pernicious gas yield and smoke rate.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention is related to ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material and preparation method.
Background technique
Epoxy resin (EP) has extraordinary physical characteristic, chemical characteristic, electrical insulation characteristics, mechanical property and bonding
Property, it is widely used in coating, adhesive, electrical insulating material, engineering plastics, composite material and civil material and advanced material
The numerous areas such as material.Epoxy resin has become basic material particularly important in the construction of China's new era.Universal epoxy tree
The limit oxygen index of rouge is 19.8%, and since it is inflammable and from fire is easy to cause the characteristics of self-sustaining combustion after fire, this is significantly
It limits its scope of application.As more stringent requirements are proposed to its anti-flammability for the industries such as electronics, electric appliance, coating, space material,
The application field and range of epoxy resin are widened, the modification of fire-retardant aspect must be just carried out to it.
Halogen flame yield is very big.It is such fire retardant excellent in efficiency, wide in variety, high using wide and cost performance, especially
It is huge in electronics and construction industry industry dosage.But it has a large amount of smoke creatings, and adjoint many toxic gases in burning,
There is threat to the health of environment, public property and the mankind.With the enhancing of mankind's environmental consciousness, the fire-retardant of epoxy resin changes
Property from traditional halogenated flame retardant to the expansion type flame retardant of efficient, low cigarette, low toxicity, Halogen develop.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of flame-retardant modified epoxy resin composite material, with unique fire retardant mechanism and characteristic, gram
Taken produce thick smoke when halogenated flame retardant burning, more molten drops the shortcomings that and inorganic fire retardants additive amount it is big so that changing
The shortcomings that mechanical property of material itself, and achieve good flame retardant effect.
The present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material, comprising: to epoxy resin heat with
Make described epoxy melting；Fire retardant is added in epoxy resin after being melted down, after mixing evenly, curing agent, stirring is added
Uniformly, mixture is obtained, wherein the fire retardant includes polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester (PBPP) and ammonium polyphosphate
(APP)；The mixture is injected in mold, solidification obtains ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the weight of the polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester in the fire retardant and ammonium polyphosphate
Amount is than being 1:1-3.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the weight ratio of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the fire retardant is 75-85:
5-10:5-15.In the above-mentioned methods, wherein after the fire retardant is added and before the curing agent is added, also wrap
It includes and vacuumizes the step of removing bubble.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the curing agent includes m-phenylene diamine (MPD), hexamethylene diamine, maleic anhydride, O-phthalic
Acid anhydrides and dicyandiamide it is one or more.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the preparation method of polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester includes: by '-biphenyl diphenol and chlorine
Change aluminium to be added to the container, be passed through inert gas, stirring heats up and phenoxy group either dichlorophosphate is gradually added dropwise, and reaction is until nothing
The evolution of HCl gas；Chloroform is added to be dissolved；It pours into anhydrous methanol and precipitates, polyphenylene oxide phosphorus is obtained after filtering and drying
Bipheny biphenol ester.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the stirring heating includes that stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C；Phenoxy group dichloro phosphoric acid is being added dropwise
60 DEG C of reaction 3h are first kept after ester, then are warming up to 200 DEG C of reaction 2h, up to no HCl gas escapes.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the molar ratio of '-biphenyl diphenol, aluminium chloride and phenoxy group either dichlorophosphate is 1:10:1.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein the solidification includes: to solidify 0.5-1.5h at room temperature, after in 80 DEG C of solidification 2-4h,
It is warming up to 100 DEG C of solidification 1-3h again, finally solidifies 2-4h at 120 DEG C.
The present invention also provides the ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite materials prepared by the above method.
The present invention is modified epoxy resin with polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester/ammonium polyphosphate expanding fire retardant,
Decline the maximum heat release rate of EP in EP thermal degradation process, the hot average value decline of active combustion, and it is residual to greatly improve its
Carbon amounts reduces pernicious gas yield and smoke rate, and affects the toughness of material, so as to make epoxy resin in coating, glue
It is preferably answered in the numerous areas such as stick, electrical insulating material, engineering plastics, composite material and civil material and advanced material
With.
Specific embodiment
Halogen flame yield commonly used in the art is very big, such fire retardant excellent in efficiency, it is wide in variety, using wide and property
Valence is especially huge in electronics and construction industry industry dosage than high.But halogen flame has a large amount of smoke creatings in burning, and
And with many toxic gases, there is threat to the health of environment, public property and the mankind.Phosphorus flame retardant is more environmentally friendly,
Belong to environmentally friendly.The polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester (PBPP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) that the present invention uses are all for phosphorus
Flame retardant.
Ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material provided by the invention is PBPP/APP-EP composite material, the preparation of composite material
Method is as follows.PBPP/APP-EP composite material is prepared by heat curing process.By 75-85 parts of epoxy resin heating to be allowed to melt,
Formulation dosage addition fire retardant (PBPP and APP) by weight PBPP:APP=1:1-3 is 5-15 parts total, after mixing evenly,
Removing bubble is vacuumized at 80-100 DEG C, and m-phenylene diamine (MPD), hexamethylene diamine, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, dicyandiamide is added
Equal 5-10 parts are used as curing agent, stir evenly rapidly.After mixing evenly, resin bleach injects in the mold of specific dimensions,
Solidify 0.5-1.5h at room temperature, then place prior to 80 DEG C solidification 2-4h in baking oven, then be warming up to 100 DEG C of solidification 1-3h, finally in
Solidify 2-4h at 120 DEG C, after the curing be complete to get ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material, the light yellow epoxy resin that will be obtained
Composite material solidfied material is trimmed to required sample and measures.The number that the present invention uses is parts by weight.In addition, mold can be with
Any suitable size is selected as needed.
Epoxy resin according to the present invention, polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester, ammonium polyphosphate, curing agent etc., can be with
It is commercially available or self-control.The preparation method of PBPP is exemplified below.The synthesis process of PBPP is as shown in following chemical equation.
'-biphenyl diphenol 1mol, aluminium chloride 0.1mol are weighed, four with condenser pipe, blender, thermometer and protection gas inlet and outlet are added
In mouth flask, it is passed through nitrogen, stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C, and phenoxy group either dichlorophosphate 1mol is gradually added dropwise in 0.5h, keeps temperature
Degree reaction 3h, then 200 DEG C of reaction 2h are warming up to, up to no HCl gas escapes (reaction terminates).Chloroform is added after cooling to be allowed to
Fully dissolved is subsequently poured into anhydrous methanol and precipitates, filtered, be dried in vacuo after obtain white powdery solids, yield 95%.
Certainly, the preparation method of PBPP listed above is merely exemplary, can be using any other suitable preparation
Method.
Later, the limit oxygen index (LOI) of ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material obtained, remaining carbon, maximum heat are discharged
The hot average value of rate, active combustion and tensile strength measure.Any commonly employed method in this field can be used to above-mentioned ginseng
Number measures.
It is illustrated below with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
80 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 10 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:1,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 90 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 10 parts of m-phenylene diamine (MPD) curing agent is added, stirs evenly rapidly.
Resin bleach after mixing evenly injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 1h at room temperature, then places in baking oven prior to 80 DEG C
Solidify 1h, then be warming up to 100 DEG C of solidification 2h, finally solidifies 3h at 120 DEG C, the pale yellow color epoxy that will be obtained after the curing be complete
Resin composite materials solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample is much higher by the LOI value of sample when being not added with fire retardant up to 29.8%
19.7%, UL-94 fire-retardant rank become V-1, and remaining carbon increases to 20.12%, maximum heat release rate 451.5k W/m2, have
Imitate combustion heat average value 13.85MJ/kg, tensile strength 68MPa.
Embodiment 2
85 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 5 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:2,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 90 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 10 parts of ethylenediamine curing agent is added, stirs evenly rapidly.It stirs
Resin bleach, injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 1h at room temperature after mixing uniformly, then places solid prior to 80 DEG C in baking oven
Change 3h, then be warming up to 100 DEG C of solidification 3h, finally solidifies 3h at 120 DEG C, the light yellow asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin that will be obtained after the curing be complete
Resin composite material solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample becomes V-0 up to 28.6%, UL-94 fire-retardant rank, and remaining carbon increases to
20.43%, maximum heat release rate 436.2k W/m2, active combustion hot average value 13.51MJ/kg, tensile strength 71MPa.
Embodiment 3
75 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 15 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:3,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 90 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 10 parts of hexamethylene diamine curing agent is added, stirs evenly rapidly.It stirs
Resin bleach, injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 1h at room temperature after mixing uniformly, then places solid prior to 80 DEG C in baking oven
Change 3h, then be warming up to 100 DEG C of solidification 2h, finally solidifies 4h at 120 DEG C, the light yellow asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin that will be obtained after the curing be complete
Resin composite material solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample becomes V-0 up to 30.5%, UL-94 fire-retardant rank, and remaining carbon increases to
21.92%, maximum heat release rate 405.6k W/m2Active combustion hot average value 13.78MJ/kg, tensile strength 87MPa.
Embodiment 4
85 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 8 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:1,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 80 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 7 parts of maleic acid anhydride curing agents are added, stirring is equal rapidly
It is even.Resin bleach after mixing evenly injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 0.5h at room temperature, then places in baking oven first
In 80 DEG C of solidification 2h, then 100 DEG C of solidification 1h are warming up to, finally solidify 2h at 120 DEG C, it is pale yellow by what is obtained after the curing be complete
Colour circle epoxy resin composite material solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample becomes V-0 up to 29.0%, UL-94 fire-retardant rank, and remaining carbon increases to
20.01%, maximum heat release rate 451.2k W/m2, active combustion hot average value 13.68MJ/kg, tensile strength 70MPa.
Embodiment 5
80 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 11 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:2,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 100 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 9 parts of phthalic acid anhydride curing agents are added, stirring is equal rapidly
It is even.Resin bleach after mixing evenly injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 1.5h at room temperature, then places in baking oven first
In 80 DEG C of solidification 4h, then 100 DEG C of solidification 3h are warming up to, finally solidify 4h at 120 DEG C, it is pale yellow by what is obtained after the curing be complete
Colour circle epoxy resin composite material solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample becomes V-0 up to 29.8%, UL-94 fire-retardant rank, and remaining carbon increases to
20.61%, maximum heat release rate 432.5k W/m2, active combustion hot average value 13.69MJ/kg, tensile strength 68MPa.
Embodiment 6
78 parts of epoxy resin heating are allowed to melt, are added totally 14 parts of fire retardant by the formulation dosage of PBPP:APP=1:3,
After mixing evenly, it is removed at 95 DEG C and vacuumizes removing bubble, 8 parts of dicy-curing agent is added, stirs evenly rapidly.Stirring
Resin bleach, injects in the mold of specific dimensions, solidifies 1h at room temperature after uniformly, then places in baking oven and solidify prior to 80 DEG C
3h, then 100 DEG C of solidification 2.5h are warming up to, finally solidify 3.5h at 120 DEG C, the pale yellow color epoxy that will be obtained after the curing be complete
Resin composite materials solidfied material is trimmed to required sample.
After tested: the LOI of gained sample becomes V-0 up to 29.9%UL-94 fire-retardant rank, and remaining carbon increases to
21.53%, maximum heat release rate 403.5k W/m2, active combustion hot average value 13.92MJ/kg, tensile strength 80MPa.
The test result of embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 is also depicted in the following table 1.
Table 1
By upper embodiment 1-6 and table 1 it is found that the present invention is flame-retardant modified by carrying out to epoxy resin, LOI is considerably increased
Value, also improves the UL-94 fire-retardant rank of ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material.
In addition, the remaining carbon of ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material is also greatly increased compared to epoxy resin itself.Pure EP warp
It substantially completely burns after taper calorimetric test, only leaves fraction residue of combustion.It is added after fire retardant, it is residual after test
Clearly, and increasing with flame retardant agent content, remaining carbon is also more and more for carbon amounts increase.PBPP/APP fire retardant is to ring
Epoxy resin-based body has collaboration incarbonization.The decomposition temperature of PBPP is low compared with EP, and PBPP/APP and its decomposition product can promote
EP decomposition is cross-linked into carbon, so remaining carbon after burning is also promoted to obviously increase.This illustrates that the addition of fire retardant inhibits asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
The imflammable gas and free radical that rouge generates when thermally decomposing, can effectively control and release cigarette rate, be formed more stable under high-temperature
Carbon-coating, flame retardant property also increase accordingly, and greatly reduces potential risk in fire incident.
The hot average value of maximum heat release rate and active combustion of ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material is compared to epoxy resin
Itself is greatly reduced.PBPP/APP expanding fire retardant acts on the maximum heat release rate that epoxy resin makes epoxy resin-base
HRR and the hot average value EHC reduction of active combustion are to decompose to produce phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid and phosphamide at high temperature because of it, right
Polymer surfaces produce effective covering, to block the release of degradable gas, have completely cut off connecing for polymer and oxygen
Touching promotes the generation of expansion carbon-coating, effectively slows down the thermal degradation speed of epoxy resin.And PBPP/APP expanding fire retardant
Apparent expanded foamed effect is generated after fire-retardant EP burning, formed more fine and close, smooth, compound with regular structure, accumulate it is closely knit, empty and
The lesser carbon-coating of flaw size effectively prevents inner substrate from exchanging with extraneous heat, while preventing imflammable gas outside
The movement in portion, to make maximum heat release rate and the hot average value decline of active combustion.
For the tensile strength of ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material, PBPP/APP fire retardant is added to the shadow of EP tensile strength
It rings and raised trend is presented, the effect of activeness and quietness is shown in this system.The reason is that because PBPP can be very good
It is dissolved in inside EP, forms the good solution of homogeneity, dispersion effect is good.This structure serves as physics in FR-EP stress point
The effect of crosslinking points can transmit stress suffered by different molecular chain, still structure be enable to protect in a small amount of molecular chain rupture
It holds, to play the role of activeness and quietness.
The present invention is modified epoxy resin with polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester/ammonium polyphosphate expanding fire retardant,
And the ratio for controlling each component of epoxy resin and fire retardant makes in EP thermal degradation process under the maximum heat release rate of EP
Drop, the hot average value decline of active combustion, and its remaining carbon is greatly improved, pernicious gas yield and smoke rate are reduced, and increase
The toughness of material, so as to making epoxy resin in coating, adhesive, electrical insulating material, engineering plastics, composite material and soil
It is preferably applied in the numerous areas such as construction material and advanced material.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material characterized by comprising
Epoxy resin is heated so that described epoxy melting；
Fire retardant is added in epoxy resin after being melted down, after mixing evenly, curing agent is added, stirs evenly, obtains mixture,
Wherein, the fire retardant includes polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester and ammonium polyphosphate；
The mixture is injected in mold, solidification obtains ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester in the fire retardant
Weight ratio with ammonium polyphosphate is 1:1-3.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein after the fire retardant is added and described solid being added
Before agent, further include the steps that vacuumizing removing bubble.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent includes m-phenylene diamine (MPD), hexamethylene diamine, maleic
Dicarboxylic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and dicyandiamide it is one or more.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the fire retardant
Weight ratio be 75-85:5-10:5-15.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester
Include:
'-biphenyl diphenol and aluminium chloride are added to the container, inert gas is passed through, stirring heats up and phenoxy group dichloro is gradually added dropwise
Phosphate, reaction are escaped up to no HCl gas；
Chloroform is added to be dissolved；
It pours into anhydrous methanol and precipitates, polyphenylene oxide phosphorus bipheny biphenol ester is obtained after filtering and drying.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, stirring heating includes that stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C；It is dripping
Add phenoxy group either dichlorophosphate first to keep 60 DEG C of reaction 3h later, then be warming up to 200 DEG C of reaction 2h, up to no HCl gas escapes.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the '-biphenyl diphenol, the aluminium chloride and the phenoxy group
The molar ratio of either dichlorophosphate is 1:10:1.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described solidification include: to solidify 0.5-1.5h at room temperature, after
In 80 DEG C of solidification 2-4h, then 100 DEG C of solidification 1-3h are warming up to, finally solidify 2-4h at 120 DEG C.
10. the ethoxyline resin antiflaming composite material of method preparation according to claim 1 to 9.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110373916A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-25 | 太原师范学院 | A kind of preparation method of novel flame-retardant non-woven cloth |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |