CN109773482B - Multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool - Google Patents

Multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109773482B
CN109773482B CN201910239224.0A CN201910239224A CN109773482B CN 109773482 B CN109773482 B CN 109773482B CN 201910239224 A CN201910239224 A CN 201910239224A CN 109773482 B CN109773482 B CN 109773482B
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China
Prior art keywords
transmission
grinding head
shaft
machine tool
gear
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CN201910239224.0A
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CN109773482A (en
Inventor
胡保涛
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Qingdao North Torch Machine Co ltd
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Qingdao North Torch Machine Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool, which comprises a main body structure comprising: the device comprises a lathe bed, a spindle box, a machining center, a tailstock assembly and an electric control cabinet, wherein the spindle box is arranged at the middle part of the lathe bed, the two sides of the spindle box are respectively provided with the machining center, the two ends of the lathe bed are respectively provided with the tailstock assembly, and the spindle box, the machining center and the tailstock assembly are respectively connected with the electric control cabinet through electric signals. The multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool can process two workpieces simultaneously, turning, grinding, drilling and milling of the workpieces can be realized through the machining center, boring of the workpieces can be realized through the tailstock assembly, and the machining of multiple working procedures can be completed through one-time clamping, so that the time for clamping the workpieces is saved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, errors caused by repeated clamping of the workpieces are avoided, and the machining precision is improved.

Description

Multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool.
Background
When a current heavy machine tool is used for processing large-sized shaft or pipe workpieces (the diameter is larger than 1 meter and the weight is more than 10 tons), a plurality of machine tools are needed to be cooperatively completed, for example, an outer circle is turned through a lathe, then the outer circle is further polished through a grinding machine, the smoothness of the surface of the outer circle is improved, a drilling machine is used for drilling holes, a milling machine is used for milling key grooves, and finally an inner hole is bored through a boring machine.
In the above-described process, each time one process is completed, the workpiece needs to be transferred to another apparatus by a large-scale apparatus. In the process of clamping the workpiece, errors are unavoidable, and particularly after multiple times of clamping, the errors are larger, so that the machining precision of the workpiece is affected; and the processing efficiency of the workpiece is seriously affected by repeated transfer and clamping, and the labor intensity of workers is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool, which comprises a main body structure comprising: the device comprises a lathe bed, a main spindle box, a machining center, a tailstock assembly and an electric control cabinet, wherein the main spindle box is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed, the two sides of the main spindle box are respectively provided with the machining center, the two ends of the lathe bed are respectively provided with the tailstock assembly, and the main spindle box, the machining center and the tailstock assembly are respectively connected with the electric control cabinet through electric signals; the machining center comprises a shell, a turning tool mechanism, a grinding head mechanism and a drilling and milling mechanism, wherein the turning tool mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, and the grinding head mechanism and the drilling and milling mechanism are arranged in the shell; the grinding head mechanism comprises a grinding head driving motor, a grinding head box body, a grinding head and a grinding head moving assembly, wherein the main body of the grinding head is arranged in the grinding head box body, a part of the grinding head extends out of the grinding head box body, the grinding head driving motor is in transmission connection with the grinding head, the grinding head moving assembly comprises a grinding head moving motor, a screw transmission unit and a sliding seat, the sliding seat is in transmission connection with the grinding head moving motor through the screw transmission unit, and the grinding head box body is arranged on the sliding seat; the drilling and milling mechanism comprises a cutter clamping unit, a cutter driving motor, a cutter beating cylinder, a transverse moving assembly and a longitudinal moving assembly, wherein the transverse moving assembly comprises a transverse moving motor, a transverse screw transmission unit and a transverse sliding seat, the longitudinal moving assembly comprises a longitudinal moving motor, a longitudinal screw transmission unit and a longitudinal sliding rail, the cutter clamping unit is in transmission connection with the longitudinal screw transmission unit, the bottom of the longitudinal sliding rail is vertically connected with the transverse sliding seat, and the cutter driving motor and the cutter beating cylinder are sequentially connected with the cutter clamping unit.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the turning tool mechanism includes a tool rest moving motor, a screw, a nut seat and a turning tool holder, the turning tool holder is disposed at the front end of the housing, the tool rest moving motor is disposed at the rear end of the housing, and the tool rest moving motor is in transmission connection with the turning tool holder through the screw and the nut seat.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the spindle box comprises a box body, chucks arranged at two ends of the box body, a driving motor, a driving shaft and transmission components symmetrically arranged inside the box body, wherein the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving shaft through driving wheels, and the transmission components are respectively arranged at two ends of the driving shaft.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the transmission assembly comprises a main shaft and a multi-stage transmission shaft, one end of the main shaft is in transmission connection with the chuck, and the other end of the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft through the multi-stage transmission shaft.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the transmission assembly further comprises a gear shifting deflector rod, one end of the gear shifting deflector rod is connected with the multi-stage transmission shaft through a gear shifting deflector block, and the other end of the gear shifting deflector rod is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a transmission gear set.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the tailstock assembly includes a tailstock and a boring bar, and the boring bar is movably disposed on the tailstock.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, an auxiliary supporting unit and a guide rail are further arranged on the lathe bed, the auxiliary supporting unit is located on one side of the tailstock assembly, and the machining center, the tailstock assembly and the auxiliary supporting unit are respectively connected with the lathe bed in a sliding mode through the guide rail.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool can process two workpieces simultaneously, turning, grinding, drilling and milling of the workpieces can be realized through the machining center, boring of the workpieces can be realized through the tailstock assembly, and the machining of multiple working procedures can be completed through one-time clamping, so that the time for clamping the workpieces is saved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, errors caused by repeated clamping of the workpieces are avoided, and the machining precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a machining center according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first side structure of the machining center of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second side structure of the machining center of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of the headstock of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10-a lathe bed;
20-a spindle box; 21-a box body; 22-chuck; 23-driving a motor; 24-driving shaft; 25-driving wheels; 26-a main shaft; 27-a multi-stage drive shaft; 271-first-stage triple gear shaft; 272-two-stage triple gear shaft; 273-auxiliary drive shaft; 28-a shift lever; 281-shift dials; 282-drive gear set;
30-a machining center; 31-a housing; 32-a turning tool mechanism; 321-a knife rest moving motor; 322-screw; 323-nut seat; 324-turning a tool rest; 33-a grinding head mechanism; 331-a grinding head driving motor; 332-a grinding head box body; 333-grinding head; 334-a grinding head moving assembly; 334 a-a grinding head moving motor; 334 b-a screw drive unit; 334 c-a carriage; 34-a drilling and milling mechanism; 341-a cutter clamping unit; 342-a cutter driving motor; 343-a knife striking cylinder; 344-a lateral movement assembly; 344 a-a lateral movement motor; 344 b-a transverse screw drive unit; 344 c-a transverse carriage; 345-longitudinal movement assembly; 345 a-a longitudinal movement motor; 345 b-a longitudinal screw drive unit; 345 c-longitudinal slide rail;
40-tailstock assembly; 41-tailstock; 42-boring bar;
50-an auxiliary supporting unit;
60-an electric control cabinet;
70-guide rail.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly. In addition, the structure and the connection mode which are not specifically described in the embodiment of the invention adopt the prior art or the conventional technical means in the field.
As shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool of the present embodiment has a main structure including: the machine tool body 10, the spindle box 20, the machining center 30, the tailstock assembly 40, the auxiliary supporting unit 50 and the electric control cabinet 60 are respectively connected with the electric control cabinet 60 through electric signals.
The spindle box 20 is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed 10, two sides of the spindle box 20 are respectively provided with a machining center 30, and two ends of the lathe bed 10 are respectively provided with a tailstock assembly 10.
The lathe bed 10 is provided with a guide rail 70, and the machining center 30, the tailstock assembly 40 and the auxiliary supporting unit 50 are respectively arranged on the lathe bed 10 in a sliding manner through the guide rail 70, so that the positions of the machining center 30, the tailstock assembly 40 and the auxiliary supporting unit 50 on the lathe bed 10 can be adjusted to meet the machining requirements of workpieces with different lengths.
The tailstock assembly 40 includes a tailstock 41 and a boring bar 42, the boring bar 42 being movably disposed on the tailstock 41.
The auxiliary supporting unit 50 is located at one side of the tailstock assembly 40 for supporting a long shaft-type or pipe-type workpiece.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the machining center 30 includes a housing 31, a turning tool mechanism 32, a grinding head mechanism 33, and a drilling and milling mechanism 34, the turning tool mechanism 32 is provided on an outer side wall of the housing 31, and the grinding head mechanism 33 and the drilling and milling mechanism 34 are provided inside the housing 31.
The turning tool mechanism 32 includes a tool post moving motor 321, a screw 322, a nut seat 323, and a turning tool holder 324. The lathe tool holder 324 is disposed at the front end of the housing 31, the tool holder moving motor 321 is disposed at the rear end of the housing 31, and the tool holder moving motor 321 is in driving connection with the lathe tool holder 324 through a screw 322 and a nut seat 323.
The lathe tool is installed on the lathe tool frame 324, and during operation, lathe tool frame 324 stretches out, and after turning is accomplished, lathe tool frame 324 can be retrieved through the drive of lead screw 322 and screw seat 323 to prepare for subsequent processing.
The grinding head mechanism 33 includes a grinding head driving motor 331, a grinding head case 332, a grinding head 333, and a grinding head moving assembly 334. The main body of the grinding head 33 is arranged in the grinding head box 332, and a part of the grinding head 33 extends out of the grinding head box 332, and the grinding head driving motor 331 is in transmission connection with the grinding head 33.
The grinding head moving assembly 334 includes a grinding head moving motor 334a, a screw driving unit 334b, and a slider 334c, the slider 334c is in driving connection with the grinding head moving motor 334a through the screw driving unit 334b, and the grinding head box 332 is disposed on the slider 334 c.
The grinding head box 332 can reciprocate along with the sliding seat 334c, and when the workpiece is polished, the grinding head box 332 is driven by the grinding head moving motor 334a and the screw transmission unit 334b to move into the shell 31, so that preparation is made for subsequent processing.
The drilling and milling mechanism 34 includes a tool clamping unit 341, a tool driving motor 342, a tool driving cylinder 343, a lateral movement assembly 344, and a longitudinal movement assembly 345.
The knife beating cylinder 343 is a force-increasing gas-liquid conversion device, compressed air acts on the piston of the knife beating cylinder to generate thrust, and the knife head is clamped by a pull cylinder; when the cutter is in the cut, the cutter head is loosened and cleaned in a blowing mode, so that the cutter is convenient to replace.
The connection manner of the cutter striking cylinder 343, the cutter clamping unit 341 and the cutter driving motor 342 is a conventional technical means in the art, and will not be described herein.
The traverse assembly 344 includes a traverse motor 344a, a traverse screw drive unit 344b, and a traverse carriage 344c, the traverse motor 344a being drivingly connected to the traverse carriage 344c through the traverse screw drive unit 344 b.
The longitudinal moving assembly 345 includes a longitudinal moving motor 345a, a longitudinal screw driving unit 345b, and a longitudinal rail 345c, and the longitudinal moving motor 345a is in driving connection with the longitudinal rail 345c through the longitudinal screw driving unit 345 b.
The cutter clamping unit 341 is in transmission connection with the longitudinal screw transmission unit 345b, the bottom of the longitudinal sliding rail 345c is vertically connected with the transverse sliding seat 344c, and the cutter driving motor 342 and the cutter beating cylinder 343 are sequentially connected with the cutter clamping unit 341.
The transverse moving motor 344a drives the transverse sliding seat 344c to move along the horizontal direction, and further drives the longitudinal moving component 345 to move along the horizontal direction; the longitudinal moving motor 345a drives the tool clamping unit 341 to move in the vertical direction.
The drill bit or the milling head is arranged at the end part of the cutter clamping unit 341, and the position of the drill bit or the milling head can be adjusted through the transverse moving component 344 and the longitudinal moving component 345 during operation so as to meet the requirements of drilling or milling key grooves at different positions.
It should be noted that, depending on the processing requirements of different workpieces, the positions and functions of the turning tool mechanism 32, the grinding head mechanism 33, and the drilling and milling mechanism 34 may be interchanged, or only one or two functions may be activated.
As shown in fig. 5, the spindle box 20 includes a box 21, chucks 22 disposed at both ends of the box 21, a driving motor 23 disposed inside the box 21, a driving shaft 24, and transmission assemblies symmetrically disposed inside the box 21, the driving motor 23 being in transmission connection with the driving shaft 24 through driving wheels 25, the transmission assemblies being disposed at both ends of the driving shaft 24, respectively.
The transmission assembly comprises a main shaft 26, a multi-stage transmission shaft 27 and a gear shifting deflector 28, wherein one end of the main shaft 26 is in transmission connection with the chuck 22, the other end of the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 24 through the multi-stage transmission shaft 27, one end of the gear shifting deflector 28 is connected with the multi-stage transmission shaft 27 through a gear shifting deflector 281, and the other end of the gear shifting deflector 28 is in transmission connection with the main shaft 26 through a transmission gear set 282.
The multi-stage transmission shaft 27 comprises a primary triple gear shaft 271, a secondary triple gear shaft 272 and an auxiliary transmission shaft 273 which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner; the primary triple gear shaft 271 is simultaneously in transmission connection with the gear shifting block 281 and the transmission gear set 282, two sides of the secondary triple gear shaft 272 are respectively in transmission connection with the primary triple gear shaft 271 and the auxiliary transmission shaft 273, and the auxiliary transmission shaft 273 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 24.
The transmission ratio of the first-stage triple gear shaft 271 and the second-stage triple gear shaft 272 can be changed by transversely moving the shift deflector 28, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft 26 is changed, the independent work of two sets of transmission components is realized, and further, different workpieces can be processed simultaneously by the double-head machine tool; alternatively, the primary triple gear shaft 271 and the secondary triple gear shaft 272 may be disengaged, so that one end of the machine tool is operated and the other end is in a standby state.
The workpiece is clamped at one end to the chuck 22 and at the other end to the tailstock 41, and can be further supported by the auxiliary supporting unit 50 when the workpiece is long. The spindle box 20 drives the workpiece to rotate, and the turning tool holder 324 of the machining center 30 extends out first, so that turning of the outer circle of the workpiece is completed. After the turning is completed, the turning tool holder 324 is retracted, the grinding head box 332 is opened, and the outer circle of the workpiece is further ground through the grinding head 333, so that the roughness of the surface of the workpiece is improved. After finishing the grinding process, the grinding head box 332 is retracted, the drilling and milling mechanism 34 is opened, the workpiece is drilled or key slot machined, and the drill bit or the milling head can be replaced according to specific conditions. After the drilling and milling process is completed, the drilling and milling mechanism 34 is retracted and then boring is performed by the boring bar 42.
The multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool can process two workpieces simultaneously, and can finish the processing of multiple working procedures of turning, grinding, drilling, milling and boring through one-time clamping, thereby saving the time for clamping the workpieces, reducing the labor intensity of workers, avoiding errors caused by repeated clamping of the workpieces and improving the processing precision.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the technical solutions should be considered that the combination does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional heavy double-end lathe which characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a main spindle box, a machining center, a tailstock assembly and an electric control cabinet, wherein the main spindle box is arranged in the middle of the machine tool body, the two sides of the main spindle box are respectively provided with the machining center, the two ends of the machine tool body are respectively provided with the tailstock assembly, and the main spindle box, the machining center and the tailstock assembly are respectively connected with the electric control cabinet through electric signals; the machining center comprises a shell, a turning tool mechanism, a grinding head mechanism and a drilling and milling mechanism, wherein the turning tool mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, and the grinding head mechanism and the drilling and milling mechanism are arranged in the shell; the grinding head mechanism comprises a grinding head driving motor, a grinding head box body, a grinding head and a grinding head moving assembly, wherein the main body of the grinding head is arranged in the grinding head box body, a part of the grinding head extends out of the grinding head box body, the grinding head driving motor is in transmission connection with the grinding head, the grinding head moving assembly comprises a grinding head moving motor, a screw transmission unit and a sliding seat, the sliding seat is in transmission connection with the grinding head moving motor through the screw transmission unit, and the grinding head box body is arranged on the sliding seat; the drilling and milling mechanism comprises a cutter clamping unit, a cutter driving motor, a cutter beating cylinder, a transverse moving assembly and a longitudinal moving assembly, wherein the transverse moving assembly comprises a transverse moving motor, a transverse screw transmission unit and a transverse sliding seat, the longitudinal moving assembly comprises a longitudinal moving motor, a longitudinal screw transmission unit and a longitudinal sliding rail, the cutter clamping unit is in transmission connection with the longitudinal screw transmission unit, the bottom of the longitudinal sliding rail is vertically connected with the transverse sliding seat, and the cutter driving motor and the cutter beating cylinder are sequentially connected with the cutter clamping unit; the spindle box comprises a box body, chucks arranged at two ends of the box body, a driving motor, a driving shaft and transmission components symmetrically arranged in the box body, wherein the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving shaft through driving wheels, and the transmission components are respectively arranged at two ends of the driving shaft; the transmission assembly comprises a main shaft and a multi-stage transmission shaft, one end of the main shaft is in transmission connection with the chuck, and the other end of the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft through the multi-stage transmission shaft; the transmission assembly further comprises a gear shifting deflector rod, one end of the gear shifting deflector rod is connected with the multi-stage transmission shaft through a gear shifting deflector block, and the other end of the gear shifting deflector rod is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a transmission gear set; the multi-stage transmission shaft comprises a primary triple gear shaft, a secondary triple gear shaft and an auxiliary transmission shaft which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner; the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear shifting block, a gear transmission gear set, a first-stage triple gear shaft, a second-stage triple gear shaft, an auxiliary transmission shaft, a gear shifting block and a gear shifting block, wherein the first-stage triple gear shaft is in transmission connection with the gear shifting block and the gear shifting block; the gear shifting deflector rod is transversely moved, so that the transmission ratio of the first-stage triple gear shaft to the second-stage triple gear shaft is changed, the rotating speed of the main shaft is changed, independent work of two sets of transmission assemblies is realized, and different workpieces can be processed simultaneously by the double-head machine tool; the gear shifting deflector rod is transversely moved, and the gear shifting deflector rod can be used for enabling the first-stage triple gear shaft and the second-stage triple gear shaft to be disengaged, so that one end of a machine tool works, and the other end is in a standby state.
2. The multi-functional heavy double-ended machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the turning tool mechanism comprises a tool rest moving motor, a screw rod, a screw seat and a turning tool rest, wherein the turning tool rest is arranged at the front end of the shell, the tool rest moving motor is arranged at the rear end of the shell, and the tool rest moving motor is in transmission connection with the turning tool rest through the screw rod and the screw seat.
3. The multi-functional heavy double-ended machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the tailstock assembly comprises a tailstock and a boring bar, and the boring bar is movably arranged on the tailstock.
4. The multi-functional heavy double-ended machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary support unit is positioned on one side of the tailstock assembly, and the machining center, the tailstock assembly and the auxiliary support unit are respectively connected with the lathe bed in a sliding manner through the guide rail.
CN201910239224.0A 2019-03-27 2019-03-27 Multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool Active CN109773482B (en)

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CN113199253B (en) * 2021-06-02 2022-06-14 烟台大学 Flange integral type numerical control turning and drilling processing machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2944176A1 (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-05-14 Heyligenstaedt & Co, Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Gmbh, 6300 Giessen Lathe for large or small work-pieces - has two headstocks and central tailstock with different slideways for alternative lateral positioning
CN2671744Y (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-01-19 上海第二机床厂 Step shaft double head processing digital control automatic line
CN201603995U (en) * 2010-03-10 2010-10-13 李伟 General deep hole boring and turning mill
DE102011115371B3 (en) * 2011-10-10 2012-10-04 Heinz Adams Milling-drilling rotary grinding machine has horizontally running machine frame which is horizontally movable in x-longitudinal axis direction on frame bed, where vertical carriage is movable in vertical axis direction on machine frame
CN102642032A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-08-22 迪莱姆数控机电(杭州)有限公司 Two-end lathe and transmission control system thereof
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CN209902635U (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-01-07 青岛北方星火机床有限公司 Multifunctional heavy double-head machine tool

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