CN109773327A - A method of improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming - Google Patents
A method of improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN109773327A CN109773327A CN201910108471.7A CN201910108471A CN109773327A CN 109773327 A CN109773327 A CN 109773327A CN 201910108471 A CN201910108471 A CN 201910108471A CN 109773327 A CN109773327 A CN 109773327A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming, comprising: (1) handles the high-strength aluminium and form mixing yoghurt area；(2) mixing yoghurt area described in deformation process forms Plastic Forming area.Technical solution provided by the invention, for reality to the cold working bending and forming of high-strength aluminium, which is generally applicable to High-strength aluminum product, industrial easy to accomplish, applied widely；Compared with hot forming techniques, the plasticity of aluminium deformed area can be accurately improved, production efficiency is improved, reduces energy consumption and production costs, it is industrial to be easy to promote；The problem of Friction Stir Welding cannot weld fillet weld is overcome, machined parameters selectable range is big, is beneficial to popularization and application of the Friction Stir Welding technology in alloy product manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-strength aluminium room temperature molding fields, and in particular to a kind of side for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming
Method.
Background technique
The development of big aircraft, opportunity of combat, Large Launch Vehicle, long-life satellite and energy-efficient automobile of new generation, it is desirable that use
Height is than strong, Gao Bimo high-strength light plate.High-strength light plate such as high-strength light steel, high strength alumin ium alloy, titanium alloy etc. all belongs to
In difficult-to-deformation material, and lightweight structure belongs to difficult shaped structure.How to realize high-strength light plate it is smooth forming and accurately at
Shape has become the critical issue of its application, and corresponding research has become the research hotspot in current Plastic Forming field.
Plastic deformation regime under high strength alumin ium alloy room temperature is very narrow, easy to crack, rebound is serious, forming force is big, and shapes
Obtained article surface quality is bad, so be difficult to produce complex-shaped part with conventional press-processing method, thus
The application of aluminium alloy is limited to a certain extent.Heat forming technology can be significantly increased the formability of plate, but due to
Soaking time is long in the case of a high temperature, and aluminium alloy crystal grain is easy to grow up, and then affects the final mechanical performance of part.In addition,
It is needed when hot forming by mold and plate while carrying out long period heating, production efficiency is low, and energy consumption and production cost are higher.It can
See, seeking one kind had not only improved forming property but also reduced cost, and kept the process of product intensity to aluminium alloy in manufacturing industry
In extensive use it is most important.
Summary of the invention
To overcome drawbacks described above of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of sides for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming
Method under room temperature, can keep primary aluminum material intensity simultaneously by mixing yoghurt refining alloy crystallite dimension, improve aluminium
The plasticity of material, especially to plasticity is low and high strength alumin ium alloy that intensity is high, by mixing yoghurt refining alloy crystallite dimension,
Under conditions of alloy strength being made not reduce substantially, significantly improve its plasticity.
For achieving the above object, following technical scheme is taken:
A method of high-strength aluminium room temperature forming is improved, it is improved in that the described method includes:
(1) it handles the high-strength aluminium and forms mixing yoghurt area；
(2) mixing yoghurt area described in deformation process forms Plastic Forming area.
It is preferred that the processing includes being handled with Friction Stir Welding machine, the Friction Stir Welding machine includes: pedestal, cross
Beam, pillar and stirring-head；The stirring-head is mixing needle and stirring shaft shoulder integral type stirring-head.
It is preferred that 10~20mm of diameter of the stirring-head of the processing, inclination angle is 2~3 °.
It is preferred that the needle length of the mixing needle is 0.1~0.3mm smaller than plate thickness.
It is preferred that the processing includes the mobile welding being stirred in the case where intrusion is 0.2~0.5mm with horizontal direction,
The mixing speed is ω=800~2000rpm, mobile speed of welding υ=100~1000mmmin-1 of horizontal direction；
Wherein, the mixing direction of the stirring-head is counterclockwise.
It is preferred that the high-strength aluminium is the aluminium alloy of 2000 line aluminium alloys, 6000 line aluminium alloys or 7000 systems.
It is preferred that the Plastic Forming area is less than mixing yoghurt area.
It is preferred that the aluminium thickness is 3mm, the mixing speed is ω=1000~1200rpm, the movement of horizontal direction
Speed of welding υ=200~400mmmin-1。
It is preferred that the aluminium thickness is 4mm, the mixing speed is ω=1600rpm, the mobile welding speed of horizontal direction
Spend υ=100~400mmmin-1。
Compared with the immediate prior art, technical solution provided by the invention has the advantage that as follows:
1, the method for improved high-strength aluminium room temperature forming provided by the invention, can the high-strength aluminium of reality cold working folding
O ing is generally applicable in High-strength aluminum product, industrial easy to accomplish, applied widely.
2, the method for improved high-strength aluminium room temperature forming provided by the invention, can accurately improve the modeling of aluminium deformed area
Property, compared with hot forming techniques, improves production efficiency, reduces energy consumption and production costs, it is industrial to be easy to promote.
3, mixing yoghurt provided by the invention increases the method for high-strength aluminium local plastic, overcomes agitating friction weldering
The problem of cannot welding fillet weld is connect, machined parameters selectable range is big, is beneficial to Friction Stir Welding technology and produces in aluminium alloy
Popularization and application in product manufacture.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the procedure chart of stirring friction treatment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention one (1-1) 6082-T6 aluminium bend specimen；
Fig. 3 is aluminium mixing yoghurt backarc line decurvation sample in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is aluminium mixing yoghurt backarc line bend specimen upward in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention one (1-2) aluminium mixing yoghurt after have tunnel defect；
Fig. 6 is crystal grain refinement after the embodiment of the present invention one (1-3) aluminium mixing yoghurt；
Fig. 7 is that aluminium mixing yoghurt rear surface arc line is clear in the embodiment of the present invention one (1-7)；
Fig. 8 present invention is aluminium mixing yoghurt rear surface trench defect in embodiment one (1-10).
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment one
Mixing yoghurt with a thickness of 3mm 6082-T6 aluminium, as shown in table 1:
(1) basic performance of the 6082-T6 aluminium with a thickness of 3mm is detected, the tensile strength of rolling direction
310MPa, yield strength 260MPa, elongation percentage 12%, crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 37 μm.90 ° of bending backs occur
Cracking.
(2) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 800rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 6 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside have tunnel lack
It falls into, as shown in figure 4, the machining area elongation percentage is 22%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(3) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1000rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 7 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside without lack
It falls into, crystal grain refinement, as shown in figure 5, the machining area elongation percentage is 39%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；The bending upward of arc line
It does not crack.
(4) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1200rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 8 μm, the machining area elongation percentage be 32%.Arc line is rolled over downward
It is curved not crack；Arc line upward do not crack by bending.
(5) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1400rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 8 μm, the machining area elongation percentage be 31%.Arc line is rolled over downward
It is curved not crack；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(6) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1600rpm: processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 11 μm, the machining area elongation percentage be 24%.Arc line is rolled over downward
It is curved not crack；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(7) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 200mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1200rpm；Processing district forming is good, and arcing surface line is clear, as shown in Figure 6.Its internal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be
9 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside zero defect, crystal grain refinement, which is 35%.Arc line is downward
Bending is not cracked；Arc line upward do not crack by bending.
(8) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 600mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1200rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 8 μm, the machining area elongation percentage be 8%.The bending downward of arc line
It does not crack；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(9) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 800mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1200rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 6 μm, the machining area elongation percentage be 8%.The bending downward of arc line
It does not crack；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(10) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 1000mm/min, rotation
Speed 1200rpm；Processing district forming is poor, and trench defect occurs in surface, as shown in Figure 7.Its internal grain such as is at the shaft-like, average
Having a size of 6 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery has tunnel defect inside processing district, which is 2%.Arc line is downward
Bending is not cracked；Arc line upward crack by bending.
To sum up, with a thickness of the 6082-T6 aluminium of 3mm, under room temperature, whens 90 ° of bendings, cracks.Agitated friction adds
Work treated 6082-T6 aluminium, under mixing yoghurt Parameter Conditions appropriate, processing district does not have " tunnel " and lack of penetration
The defects of, and grain structure refines, bending forming does not crack.Compared with primary aluminum material, after agitated friction working process
6082-T6 aluminium bending forming performance significantly improves.Rotation speed ω=800~1600rpm (counterclockwise) of stirring-head, welding
Speed υ=200~1000mmmin-1, preferred higher machined parameters of processing district elongation percentage: ω=1000~1200rpm, υ=
200~400mmmin-1。
Embodiment two,
Mixing yoghurt with a thickness of 4mm 6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate materials, as shown in table 2:
(1) basic performance of the 6061-T6 aluminium with a thickness of 4mm is detected, the tensile strength of rolling direction
310MPa, yield strength 270MPa, elongation percentage 14%, crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 28 μm.90 ° of bending backs occur
Cracking.
(2) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 800rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 2 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside have tunnel lack
It falls into, which is 2%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(3) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1200rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 4 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside without lack
It falls into, which is 27%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(4) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1600rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 5 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside without lack
It falls into, which is 36%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward do not crack by bending.
(5) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 400mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 2000rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 7 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside without lack
It falls into, which is 28%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward crack by bending.
(6) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 100mm/min, rotation speed
Spend 1600rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 5 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside without lack
It falls into, which is 38%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward do not crack by bending.
(7) aluminium is processed using friction stir welding method, parameter selection: speed of welding 1000mm/min, rotation
Speed 1600rpm；Processing district crystal grain be etc. shaft-like, average-size be 2 μm, metallographic structure observation discovery processing district inside have tunnel
Defect, the machining area elongation percentage are 5%.Arc line downward do not crack by bending；Arc line upward crack by bending.
To sum up, with a thickness of the 6061-T6 aluminium of 4mm, under room temperature, whens 90 ° of bendings, cracks.Agitated friction adds
Work treated 6061-T6 aluminium, under mixing yoghurt Parameter Conditions appropriate, processing district does not have " tunnel " defect, and
Grain structure refinement, bending forming do not crack.6061-T6 aluminium compared with primary aluminum material, after agitated friction working process
Material bending forming performance significantly improves.Rotation speed ω=800~2000rpm (counterclockwise) of stirring-head, speed of welding υ=
100~1000mmmin-1, preferred higher machined parameters of processing district elongation percentage: ω=1600rpm, υ=100~400mm
min-1。
The test of aluminium performance made from various embodiments of the present invention:
1, the mixing yoghurt of aluminium:
The inclination angle of stirring-head is 2.5 ° during mixing yoghurt；Intrusion is 0.2mm；For FSW docking test
Technological parameter is as follows: the stirring-head shaft shoulder is double annulus patterns, diameter D=10~20mm；Mixing needle is three inclined-plane screw thread patterns, needle
It is long to be determined according to plate thickness, generally less than 0.1~0.4mm of plate thickness, if aluminium thickness is 3mm, a length of 2.75mm of needle；Aluminium is thick
Degree is 4mm, a length of 3.65mm of needle.Rotation speed ω=800~2000rpm (counterclockwise) of stirring-head, speed of welding υ=100
~1000mmmin-1；The rotation speed is the speed of stirring-head rotation, plays abrasive action；The speed of welding is stirring-head
The speed moved along welding direction.
2, the test of the bending property of aluminium plate:
Bend specimen is prepared according to national standard " GBT 232-2010 bend test of metal materials method ", bending angle is 90 °,
Select the pressure head of diameter 6mm, roller spacing is determined according to plate thickness, such as: the roller spacing of 3mm plate is 15mm；The roller of 4mm plate
Spacing is 22mm.In addition, ram travel is determined also according to roller spacing, such as: the ram travel of 3mm plate is 14mm；4mm plate
Ram travel be 16mm.
Table 1: with a thickness of the mixing yoghurt parameter and buckling performance of the 6082-T6 aluminum alloy plate materials of 3mm
Table 2: with a thickness of the mixing yoghurt parameter and buckling performance of the 6061-T8 aluminum alloy plate materials of 4mm
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, under room temperature, the high high strength alumin ium alloy of intensity stirs and low to plasticity
Friction working process is mixed, refining alloy crystallite dimension can keep primary aluminum material intensity simultaneously, improve the plasticity of aluminium.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, to the greatest extent
Invention is explained in detail referring to above-described embodiment for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can be with modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to specific embodiments of the invention, and without departing from any of spirit and scope of the invention
Modification or equivalent replacement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
(1) it handles the high-strength aluminium and forms mixing yoghurt area；
(2) mixing yoghurt area described in deformation process forms Plastic Forming area.
2. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is described processing include with Friction Stir Welding machine handle, the Friction Stir Welding machine include: pedestal, crossbeam, pillar and
Stirring-head；The stirring-head is mixing needle and stirring shaft shoulder integral type stirring-head.
3. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
10~20mm of diameter of the stirring-head of the processing, inclination angle are 2~3 °.
4. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as claimed in claim 2 characterized by comprising
The needle length of the mixing needle is 0.1~0.3mm smaller than plate thickness.
5. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as claimed in claim 2 characterized by comprising
The processing includes the mobile welding being stirred in the case where intrusion is 0.2~0.5mm with horizontal direction, the stirring speed
Degree is ω=800~2000rpm, mobile speed of welding υ=100~1000mmmin-1 of horizontal direction；
Wherein, the mixing direction of the stirring-head is counterclockwise.
6. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the high-strength aluminium
For the aluminium alloy of 2000 line aluminium alloys, 6000 line aluminium alloys or 7000 systems.
7. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Plastic Forming
Area is less than mixing yoghurt area.
8. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
The aluminium thickness is 3mm, and the mixing speed is ω=1000~1200rpm, the mobile speed of welding υ of horizontal direction
=200~400mmmin-1。
9. a kind of method for improving high-strength aluminium room temperature forming as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
The aluminium thickness is 4mm, and the mixing speed is ω=1600rpm, mobile speed of welding υ=100 of horizontal direction
~400mmmin-1。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114480992A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method and application of aluminum alloy |
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| CN102560040A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Short-flow plastic processing method for prolonging service life of gear/rack |
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| CN104985393A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-10-21 | 东北大学 | Manufacturing method capable of improving mechanical performance of thick 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy plate |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060124701A1 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-15 | Yen-Lung Chen | Friction stir processing for surface properties |
| CN101333583A (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-12-31 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing short-flowpath fine crystal super-plastic material |
| CN102560040A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Short-flow plastic processing method for prolonging service life of gear/rack |
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| CN104985393A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-10-21 | 东北大学 | Manufacturing method capable of improving mechanical performance of thick 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy plate |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114480992A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method and application of aluminum alloy |
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