CN109772893A - Maximize the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods and control system that roll utilizes - Google Patents
Maximize the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods and control system that roll utilizes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods that maximization roll utilizes and control systems.Accurate evaluation is carried out to influence of the more hot rolling modular plans for sorting and constituting to roll wear of combining of different production orders, effectively optimize the batch plan of more hot rolling units, this method comprises the following steps: controller obtains customer order information in real time, while obtaining the parameter information of planning needs；Influence of the production any order to roll wear is calculated, the influence that the adjacent order attributes of any two are jumped to roll wear is calculated, works out more hot rolling unit batch plans, establish objective function and the constraint relationship；Different production order combination sequencing schemes are scanned for using improved ant group algorithm, obtain the maximum more hot rolling unit batch plans of roll utilization rate；The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system, control system realizes the rolling to plate according to the result, effectively optimizes the batch plan of more hot rolling units.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of metallurgical control, and in particular to a kind of more hot rolling units batch for maximizing roll and utilizing
Plan optimization method and control system, more hot rolling unit batch plans suitable for the Strips steel products such as strip, cut deal
Establishment and control.
Background technique
Hot-rolling batch plan establishment problem is the major issue during Strip steel production technical reserve, works out result
Superiority and inferiority have to the quality and production efficiency of product and directly affect.In hot rolling production, reach the slab of rolling temperature requirement
Deformation occurs under the draught pressure of hot-rolling mill roll, becomes hot rolled steel plate from slab.Hot-rolling mill is usually four-high mill, by two
Roll is formed: a pair of of working roll and a pair of of support roller.Working roll is the top and bottom rolls directly contacted with slab, and support roller is
It is directly contacted with working roll and supports the top of its work and the roll of bottom.As the product of production is more and more, roll
The abrasion of roller becomes increasingly severe, and the quality for the product produced also declines therewith, becomes worse and worse.Work as Rolling Production
Product quality when can not meet the product quality of any user again and requiring, the working roll that just must more renew even support roller.
However, the replacement of the replacement of roll, especially support roller, is not easy to, many working times can be occupied.Therefore, in order to reduce
The occupancy of working time simultaneously improves production efficiency, and hot rolling production needs that progress is organized in batches, and is related to two concepts, hot rolling list
Member and hot rolling batch.All products produced in the production process for replacing working roll twice in succession are known as a hot rolling unit,
All rolling units produced in the production process for replacing support roller twice in succession are known as a hot rolling batch.It should be noted that
It is that the abrasion of working roll or support roller and the production sequence of hot-rolled product are closely related in production process.For the property for guaranteeing product
Energy and quality, four kinds of ordering constraints relevant with roll wear are considered: the change width constraint of product in single hot rolling unit；
With the total amount constraint of wide product rolling in single hot rolling unit；Rolling position constraint and rolling total amount constraint.With " good " sequence
The production for carrying out tissue products is conducive to mitigate the abrasion of roll, to be conducive to the service life for improving roll and less roll more
The number changed.An order collection is given, each order gives the quality requirements such as the specifications and characteristics of requirement product, hot rolling batch
The purpose of planning is exactly multiple rolling units that establishment has " good " sequence.
Have more research both at home and abroad to be unfolded for hot-rolling batch plan problem, article " Discrete event
Since sequencing as a traveling salesman problem " is delivered, hot-rolling batch plan establishment problem is received
The extensive concern of domestic and foreign scholars.One of significant contribution of this article is exactly to propose one kind to be used to quantify roll wear and life
The method for producing relationship between sequence is based on this method, can sort to different organizations of production and be evaluated and compared, Jin Erke
To select " good " sequence.Lopez, Carter, Gendreau etc. consider order concentrate product surplus situation, need elder generation from
Order concentrates selected section order, then looks for the Optimal Production sequence of the part order.Tang etc. considers establishment (string one by one
Row establishment) hot rolling modular plan the problem of causing hot rolling element quality to be constantly deteriorated, for the entirety for further increasing planning
Quality, the problem of being worked out parallel multiple hot rolling modular plans, are studied, i.e. hot-rolling batch plan problem.Each research is adopted
The influence that hot rolling cellular manufacture sorts to roll wear, the comprehensive lower hot rolling list of penalty value are evaluated with the punishment table that it is proposed
Member is considered as better production organization method.However, being found by analysis, this method is suitable for article " Discrete
Event sequencing as a traveling salesman problem " problem to be solved condition, i.e., only consider
Under width constraint, one hot rolling unit of establishment is ranked up to all orders.When being related to more complicated constraint, such as hot rolling
When the constraint of unit total amount and the total amount rolled with wide product constrain, need accurate evaluation Order Sorting to roll wear influence degree
Hot-rolling batch plan, existing method is simultaneously not suitable for.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, a kind of maximization is especially innovatively proposed
The more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods and control system that roll utilizes.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, according to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of maximums
Change more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods that roll utilizes comprising following steps:
S1, controller obtain the order information of client in real time, while obtaining the parameter information of planning needs；
S2 calculates influence of the production any order to roll wear according to the parameter information that step S1 is obtained, and calculates
The influence that the adjacent order attributes of any two are jumped to roll wear, works out more hot rolling unit batch plans, establishes objective function
And the constraint relationship；
S3 scans for different production order combination sequencing schemes using improved ant group algorithm, obtains roll benefit
With the maximum more hot rolling unit batch plans of rate；
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S4, and control system is according to institute
State rolling of the result realization to plate.
The present invention is by the more hot rolling modular plans for combining sequence composition to different production orders to the shadow of roll wear
Sound is accurately measured, and the batch plan of more hot rolling units is effectively optimized, and forms more preferably hot-rolling batch plan, is reduced to roll
Abrasion, improve the service life of pressure roller.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of specific optimization method are as follows:
S1, controller obtain in real time client order information include requirement product hardness, thickness, physical length, rolling
Slab thickness and quality requirement, the parameter information of planning include: the hot rolling number of unit for needing to work out, adjacent order hardness
With the available maximum rolling full-length of the full-length punishment table and roll of thickness jump, the available maximum rolling of roll
Full-length is defined as all being rolled using the order with the variation of standard rolling thickness and standard hardness and can at most rolled
Blanket order length.Physical length l based on order, thickness g, rolled slab thickness t, hardness h, standard rolling thickness variation st
Full-length sl=(t-g) hl/ (stsh) is obtained with standard hardness sh, certain order is produced to roll wear with assessment
It influences；Influence of the adjacent production of any two order to roll wear is calculated based on the punishment meter obtained from controller.
S2 establishes objective function and the constraint relationship,
K is hot rolling number of unit, and 1 to N represents practical order, and 0 represents virtually ordering for introducing
Single, practical order can be only accessed once, and virtual order can be accessed repeatedly, x0j,xj0Respectively from virtual order 0 to reality
It order j and is rolled from practical order j to virtual order 0； (2)
Objective function (1) is to maximize the bonus as collected by K hot rolling unit, that is, maximizes total standard of planned order
Length, influence of the attribute jump to roll wear is smaller between the determining order that sorts, then is conducive to that bonus is bigger, the utilization of roll
It is more abundant；Constraint (2) regulation virtual order is accessed K times, to guarantee that total K hot rolling unit is formulated；Constraint (3) ensures
Other orders in addition to virtual order can only at most be arranged once；Constraint (4) and (5) gives uiValue constraint and become
Change relationship determines its value not less than rolling full-length total consumed by the roll after having rolled order i；It constrains (4)
With subloop effect is rejected, subloop is that the infeasible order that may be present formed without virtual order accesses back
Road；It constrains (5) to constrain simultaneously for the service life of roll, that is, the maximum rolling standard that the total full-length consumed is less than roll is long
Spend Tmax；Constraining (6) is the position constraint that order rolling arranges, to meet client's rolling quality requirement, by way of time window
It is expressed；Constraint (7) is introduced for expressing with wide mill length constraint, i.e., the same width rolled in a rolling unit
Total full-length of order no more than limits Emax；The value of decision variable is defined in constraint (8) and (9)；
Model parameter are as follows:
Decision variable:
S3, initialization with Ant colony expandable algorithm, generate more patrol ants, the task of every ant be construct setting when
Between required K hot rolling unit in cycle T；
S4 thens follow the steps S7 if reaching termination condition, if not reaching termination condition, calculates under ant
The feasible shift position of one step, ant, which often makes a move, selects a plate bad；If ant completes search, that is, solution (K is completed
A hot rolling unit) construction, then by local optimum improve ant construction solution, then calculate the ant using step S2 and obtained
(each block of slab has an attribute (the standard mill length of each order) representative to produce it to the bonus income taken in rolling unit
Obtainable bonus income, the adduction of all slab bonus incomes is the bonus income of the ant in rolling unit), the end
Only condition is the search for having the ant of setting quantity and completing to solve；
S5, if total prize collected by an ant is greater than the change of average bonus collected by " success " ant before indicating
Measure u, then it is assumed that the search of the ant is " success ", if the search " success " of a certain ant, is updated with the ant average
Bonus variable u, and update pheromones；
S6, if ant completes search, new task will be generated, and task distributes subprogram distribution new task to sky
Not busy ant, return step S4；
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S7, and control system is according to institute
State rolling of the result realization to plate.
The considerations of being contained in method of the invention to hardness and thickness jump, while considering each product pair of hot rolling
It is influenced caused by roll wear；Considered in model it is a variety of from hot-rolling batch plan the problem of special constraint, model is only
There is a target, for the total full-length for maximizing roll rolled products, which can make final optimization pass solution minimum simultaneously
Change the punishment caused by jumping and maximizes rolling bonus income.Hot rolling modular plan is worked out for hot rolling, it being capable of accurate evaluation
Order Sorting forms more preferably hot-rolling batch plan to roll wear influence degree.
The present invention proposes a kind of based on ant group algorithm and local optimum for the hot-rolling batch plan compiling model established
The optimization algorithm of algorithmic technique, substantially increases calculating speed and precision.
The present invention is by the more hot rolling modular plans for combining sequence composition to different production orders to the shadow of roll wear
It rings and carries out accurate evaluation, and then effectively optimize the batch plan of more hot rolling units.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, according to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of maximums
Change more hot rolling unit batch plan control systems that roll utilizes comprising controller, the controller obtain customer order and need
Hardness, thickness, physical length, rolling thickness knots modification and the quality requirement of product are asked, controller obtains full-length；The control
Device processed solve to hot rolling unit and result is transferred to hot rolling production run control system using method of the invention, controls
System realizes the rolling to plate according to the result.
When needing to work out hot-rolling batch plan, system of the invention can accurate evaluation Order Sorting to roll wear shadow
The degree of sound forms more preferably hot-rolling batch plan.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is that the rolling unit of different mill lengths wears different schematic diagrames caused by roll；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of two kinds of local optimization methods in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is insertion
Operation, (B) are swap operation.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that term " installation ", " connected ",
" connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, the connection being also possible to inside two elements can
, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art to be to be connected directly, it can basis
Concrete condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term.
Width is no longer jumped as to the factor that roll wear impacts and is accounted for by the present invention.Because actually right
What roll damaged is immobilizing for a long time for rolling width, rather than the jump of width.Rolling a certain number of tools
After having the product of same widths, the position that working roll is contacted with rolled products width edge can generate concentrated stress, for a long time
Concentrated stress may cause the position and leave mark.The presence of working roll mark causes in the main body material part of hot rolling unit,
The width of product has to become more and more narrow, and otherwise mark may be passed to product surface, generates substandard product, seriously
Working roll mark it could even be possible to cause the damage of support roller, and then the replacement for being supported roller of having to.Therefore, it is produced with wide
Product roll total amount constraint and are considered, so that the hot rolling modular plan of algorithm establishment can reduce the damage to roll, guarantee
The service life of roll.Width jump not will cause roll wear, only change working roll and product surface contact by
Power range.In original punishment structure, width jumps the reason of being taken as a key factor for influencing roll wear may
It is due in this article, needing the order that will be given all to work out.In other words, depositing due to width " tortoise shell " constraint
, the order of a certain subsequent arrangement of order should be that width jump is one the smallest, i.e., width is maximum in remaining order, because
If not selecting width jump one the smallest, that is, selects in remaining order width not to be the largest order and produced, that
It is constrained according to change width, the maximum order of width cannot be arranged into the rolling unit again and be produced.But it is surplus when existing
When the case where remaining order occurs, the rolling total amount constraint of roll has to be considered, and allows the remaining situation of order to occur, width
The considerations of jump, becomes no longer must.
The operation of rolling of actually product is also to cause a key factor of roll wear, but in previous research
In, which is not considered.The present invention is for causing many factors of roll wear to carry out detailed analysis and discussion.It relates to
And the hot rolling planning establishment problem arrived is hot rolling modular plan, moreover, the select permeability of order is not present, all orders are both needed to compile
The problem of making in the works, therefore sorting between problem mainly processing order.Also just because of all orders are both needed to be produced, institute
It is actually identical with roll wear caused by the operation of rolling as all orders, therefore, if consider the factor not shadow
Ring final optimal solution.But when order volume surplus, when complicated constraint needs to be considered, increase to the operation of rolling to roll
The considerations of abrasion will be a kind of better choice, be more advantageous to preparation evaluation operation of rolling abrasion caused by roll.Otherwise, newly
Under the conditions of still by original method consideration will will lead to some apparent contradictions.For example, such as Fig. 1, in rolling unit A and rolling unit B
In include 6 orders, corresponding order has different mill lengths (mill length of rolling unit B, which is longer than, rolls in two groups
The mill length of unit A processed), in addition to this other order attributes are all the same.Obviously, because rolling unit A and B are with identical
The attributes such as thickness, hardness and width, thickness jump, hardness jump and the width jump of adjacent order be also it is identical, according to
Original evaluation method, it is also identical that production rolling unit A and B are worn caused by roll.But actual conditions it is obvious that
Caused by wear and be different, each order in B possesses longer mill length, and the abrasion caused by roll will be bigger, this
It is conflict with former methodical conclusion.In short, having when the establishment for not needing that all orders is arranged to carry out hot rolling planning
Necessity causes this factor of roll wear to account for the operation of rolling, can more reflect roll wear degree to compile
Hot rolling planning, to guarantee the quality of production and improve the efficiency of production.
When considering complicated production constraint, traditional method again cannot accurately evaluate the abrasion of roll,
It is resulting from as a result, the introducing of multiple conflict objectives and extra constraint.It is minimum because when it come to arriving the selection of order
The generation of an empty plan will be will lead to by changing the target that jump is punished, because the sky for not including order plans its punishment minimum, be
Zero.Obviously, the result that empty plan is not intended to.Therefore, total amount constraint will be often minimized in previous research to take into account, with limit
The order volume at least needing to work out is made, the empty generation planned is avoided.Moreover, more being ordered to be produced within the given plan phase
Single, another target is often evaluated, and a bonus attribute is arranged in each order to layout first, if order quilt
Into hot rolling planning, then corresponding bonus is collected for layout, and rolling order this purpose as much as possible at this time can be by target maximum
Change the reflection of bonus income.In the research reported recently, the two targets actually to conflict are usually all considered, minimizes and jumps
Jump punishment and maximization bonus income.However, a rolling unit with smaller jump punishment is ground with smaller roll
Damage, ought to naturally roll more products.In other words, the two targets actually should be unified a pair of of mesh
Mark, rather than the existing conflict situation showed under study for action, it is also extra for minimizing the constraint of order establishment amount itself.
Discussion based on problem above, the invention proposes a kind of more hot rolling unit batch plans that maximization roll utilizes
Optimization method comprising following steps:
S1, controller obtain the order information of client in real time, while obtaining the parameter information of planning needs；
S2 calculates influence of the production any order to roll wear according to the parameter information that step S1 is obtained, and calculates
The influence that the adjacent order attributes of any two are jumped to roll wear, works out more hot rolling unit batch plans, establishes objective function
And the constraint relationship；
S3 scans for different production order combination sequencing schemes using improved ant group algorithm, obtains roll benefit
With the maximum more hot rolling unit batch plans of rate；
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S4, and control system is according to institute
State rolling of the result realization to plate.
In present embodiment, when specific implementation, can use following steps:
S1, controller obtain in real time the hardness of customer order requirement product, thickness, physical length, rolled slab thickness and
Quality requirement.And obtain the parameter information of planning: the hot rolling number of unit for needing to work out, adjacent order hardness and thickness
The available maximum rolling full-length of the full-length punishment table and roll of jump, the available maximum rolling standard of roll are long
Degree is defined as all being rolled always ordering of can at most rolling with the order of standard hardness using having standard rolling thickness to change
Single length.Since the change of width can't cause roll wear, the jump punishment for width is removed.In addition to remaining
Outside hardness and thickness jump account for, the considerations of also adding to the operation of rolling, the operation of rolling is cause roll wear one
A major reason.Therefore, the factor is taken into account in improved method.It should be noted that because what hot rolling material part was related to
Order is less, and planning is easy, and the planning problem of main body material part is mainly considered in research.Hereinafter, when mentioning heat
When rolling modular plan, the main body material part that refers to.Concept " accumulative rolling full-length " is introduced to quantify roll (working roll) mill
The degree of damage introduces another concept " maximum rolling full-length " to describe the service life of a pair of new roll.Lower kept man of a noblewoman
The definition of " full-length " is first given, " full-length " of an order of proposition is the reality of a kind of virtual length and order
Length, operation of rolling thickness change and hardness are related.Before definition " full-length ", it is necessary first to set " standard rolling thickness
Degree variation " st and " standard hardness " sh, an order with the variation of standard rolling thickness and standard hardness, which is referred to as standard, to be ordered
It is single.As previously mentioned, the abrasion of roll is related with the roll-force that roll applies, and the rolling thickness of the size of roll-force and order changes
Variable and hardness are directly proportional.Physical length l based on order, thickness g, rolled slab thickness t, hardness h, standard rolling thickness become
Change st and standard hardness sh and obtains full-length sl=(t-g) hl/ (stsh).Utilize the punishment table obtained from controller
Influence of the adjacent production of any two order to roll wear is calculated, more hot rolling unit batch plans are worked out.It is defined according to this, one
The physical length of a standard order is its full-length.In addition to this, improved punishment structure is designed, for quantifying
The abrasion of hardness jump and rolling thickness variation jump to roll in improved method, jump punishment herein are expressed as making roll
With the consumption of service life maximum rolling full-length.Then, it is defined as having rolled for the accumulative rolling full-length of a pair roller
Each order full-length and each order between hardness jump and rolling thickness variation jump consume full-length summation.One
To roll working life, maximum rolling full-length is defined as a pair of new roll in no jump punishment generation and other constraints
The sum of the order full-length that can be at most rolled in the case where all meeting.Obviously, the accumulative rolling standard of a pair of new roll is long
Degree is zero, its maximum value is limited by roll working life.
An order collection is given, the task of hot-rolling batch plan establishment is K hot rolling unit of establishment, order in each unit
Sequence meets Rolling Production related constraint and is conducive to improve the service efficiency of roll.The target of planning is to maximize finally
Total full-length of order in K hot rolling unit, and then minimize by hardness jump between order and rolling thickness variation jump band
Next punishment simultaneously maximizes the service efficiency that roll maximum rolls full-length.It is not difficult to find out that the two targets no longer phase at this time
Mutually conflict, but unify each other.The major constraints considered in planning are change width constraint, with the wide total mark of order rolling
Standard length constraint, the service life constraint for the position constraint and roll for being related to product quality.
S2 establishes objective function and the constraint relationship,
K is hot rolling number of unit, and 1 to N represents practical order, and 0 represents virtually ordering for introducing
Single, practical order can be only accessed once, and virtual order can be accessed repeatedly, x0j,xj0Respectively from virtual order 0 to reality
It order j and is rolled from practical order j to virtual order 0； (2)
Objective function (1) is to maximize the bonus as collected by K hot rolling unit, that is, maximizes total standard of planned order
Length, influence of the attribute jump to roll wear is smaller between the determining order that sorts, then it is bigger to be conducive to bonus, is conducive to maximum
Change the utilization of roll；Constraint (2) regulation virtual order is accessed K times, to guarantee that total K hot rolling unit is formulated；Constraint
(3) ensuring other orders in addition to virtual order at most can only be arranged once；Constraint (4) and (5) gives uiValue
Constraint and variation relation determine its value not less than rolling full-length total consumed by the roll after having rolled order i；
Constraining (4) has rejecting subloop effect, and subloop is the infeasible order that may be present formed without virtual order
Access circuit；It constrains (5) to constrain simultaneously for the service life of roll, that is, the total full-length consumed is less than the maximum rolling of roll
Full-length Tmax；Constraint (6) is that the position constraint that order rolling arranges passes through time window to meet client's rolling quality requirement
Form expressed；Constraint (7) is introduced for expressing with wide mill length constraint, i.e., rolls in a rolling unit same
Total full-length of one width order no more than limits Emax；The value of decision variable is defined in constraint (8) and (9).
In the establishment problem of hot-rolling batch plan, if we regard each hot rolling unit as a players,
Regard each order as a checkpoint, then the establishment problem of hot-rolling batch plan can be considered a kind of and constrain with special producing
Team's orienteering competition problem.Specifically, hot-rolling batch plan establishment problem can pass through digraph G=(V ∪ { d }, E)
It is described, V={ 1,2 ..., N } is a point set, wherein each point represents an order, wherein d=0 represents one virtually
Order, virtual order can be accessed repeatedly, and the departure place in orienteering match is equivalent to.E=(i, j) | i, j ∈ V }
For side collection, the relationship of adjacent rolling between order is indicated.Model parameter are as follows:
Decision variable:
S3, initialization with Ant colony expandable algorithm, generate more patrol ants, the task of every ant be construct setting when
Between required K hot rolling unit in cycle T.
S4 thens follow the steps S7 if reaching termination condition, if not reaching termination condition, is expanded using ant colony
Algorithm calculates the feasible shift position of next step of ant, and ant, which often makes a move, selects a plate bad.
If ant completes search, that is, the construction of solution (K hot rolling unit) is completed, then is mentioned by local optimization methods
Then the solution of high ant construction calculates (each block of slab in rolling unit of bonus income acquired in the ant using step S2
There is an attribute (the standard mill length of each order) to represent its obtainable bonus income of production, all plates in rolling unit
The adduction of base bonus income is the bonus income of the ant) termination condition is that the ant for having setting quantity completes solution
Search.
S5, if total prize collected by an ant is greater than the change of average bonus collected by " success " ant before indicating
Measure u, then it is assumed that the search of the ant is " success ", if the search " success " of a certain ant, is updated with the ant average
Bonus variable u, and update pheromones.
S6, if ant completes search, new task will be generated, and task distributes subprogram distribution new task to sky
Not busy ant, return step S4.
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S7, and control system is according to institute
State rolling of the result realization to plate.
Ant colony expandable algorithm distinguishes the role of ant, and the ant of different role is responsible for different task types.Tool
For body, there are two kinds of roles in ant colony, a kind of role is known as going on patrol ant, is mainly responsible for global search, find there may be
The zone of ignorance of high-quality solution, another role are known as impressing ant, are mainly responsible for local search, that is, are having found that there are high-quality solutions
Region see whether more preferable solution can be found by changing section neighborhood.It in addition to this, is the ant group algorithm for adapting to polygonal color, it is a kind of
Be introduced into using the new mechanism that pheromones carry out path role, only consider when ant is moved pheromones and heuristic information its
A kind of influence of middle factor selects one according to both regular.If there is available information prime information, impressing ant will be selected
It selects and decision is carried out to the next position according to pheromones, and go on patrol ant and then rely primarily on heuristic information to position progress decision.
In ant colony expandable algorithm, the method for the feasible shift position F (i) of calculating ant next step are as follows:
Feasible slab order collection F (i) is obtained according to constraint condition, it is complete if F (i) is sky and rolling unit number is K
It adds new hot rolling unit if F (i) is that empty and rolling unit number is less than K at search and executes following steps, if F
(i) non-empty then directly executes following steps；
If ant is to impress ant, and corresponding pheromones vector includes the element being not zero, then believes using pheromones
Breath calculates the next position；
If ant is that impress ant but corresponding informance element vector all elements be zero, (inspired using heuristic information
Formula information can use but be not limited to the inverse of distance) calculate the next position；
If ant is patrol ant, using following methods to using any information to carry out decision, if last
Pheromones are used in decision, or just from initial point, then:
If being heuristic information used in last decision:
True result uses, and does not otherwise use；
Wherein, the random number of U (0,1) generation, symbol γ are uniformly distributed according to x1,γ2∈ (0,1) is to need user
Given algorithm parameter；
Finally, if pheromones are used, by following formula to the mobile carry out decision of next step,
W is moved towards from i pointiProbability:
Wherein, wiFeasible order after order i is executed,W is moved towards from i point for antiIt is corresponding in pheromones table
Pheromones value, if moving towards w from i point using heuristic informationiProbability:
Wherein,For the corresponding heuristic information value of heuristic information table.
This method uses asynchronous working mechanism, even if the solution of other ants not yet construction complete, if a certain ant is completed
The building of understanding can then carry out subsequent processing routine at once, complete search without waiting for other all ants.Once a certain
Ant constructs a complete solution, then calculates bonus income acquired in the ant, and further increase the quality of the solution.
In the present embodiment, in local optimization procedure, two kinds of local optimization methods are used to further increase by ant
The solution of ant construction, as shown in Figure 2.It is very bright since the target in model is to roll more orders and then collect more rewards
Aobvious, if more orders are inserted into and have in solution, the quality of solution can be promoted further.As shown in Fig. 2, different offices
Portion's optimization method are as follows:
As shown in Fig. 2 (A), local optimum includes that the order as much as possible being not yet arranged is inserted into having solution, is pressed
Bonus income size is ranked up candidate slab, successively selects slab in order, inserts it into existing solution, until most
The latter slab.
And/or the quality of solution is improved by using the order in non-layout order replacement solution, as shown in Fig. 2 (B), by prize
Golden income size is ranked up candidate slab, successively selects slab in order, replaces existing slab with it and obtains preferably solution,
Until an optimal slab.
If an ant, which completes primary successfully search, the solution constructed by the ant, will be used to more new variables u
With pheromones table.The value of variable u is initialized as 0, is then constantly updated by successful ant.Pay attention to the ant for calculating the variable
Ant quantity be it is restricted, maximum quantity be γ3, need to be set in advance.Variable guIt is for storing each success ant prize
One vector of gold,It is that wherein bonus is one the smallest.As previously mentioned, used herein is traditional pheromones table, but
It is inspired by ant colony expandable algorithm and uses a kind of different Pheromone update mechanism.All values initial value in pheromones table is
Zero.When each pheromones need to update, only those in current ant solution orOrder present in solution is corresponding
Pheromones are updated, and other order information elements being not directed to remain unchanged.
Update the method for average bonus variable u are as follows:
S1, enables samples be equal to samples+1, and the initial value of samples is 0；
The bonus g (ant) that ant obtains is added to set g by S2uIn；
S3 enables u be equal to g (ant) if the value of samples is 1, executes S6, no to then follow the steps S4；
S4, if samples is less than γ3, then enable u be equal to u+ (g (ant)-u)/samples, execute S6, otherwise execute step
Rapid S5；
S5 enables u be equal toWhereinFor set guIn minimum value, and from guMiddle deletion
The minimum value enables samples be equal to samples-1；
S6 enables bestprizes be equal to g if g (ant) is greater than currently known maximum collection bonus bestprizes
(ant)。
The method of Pheromone update are as follows:
S1, select bonus income forHot-rolling batch plan, to the adjacent slab i and j in each rolling unit,
It enablesIt is equal toWherein maxlength is the maximum rolling full-length milimeter number of roll；
S2 selects the hot-rolling batch plan of current success ant construction, in each rolling unit adjacent slab i and
J is enabledIt is equal to
Task distributes the ant distribution that subprogram is used to be responsible in tuning algorithm local search and global search, is related to being used for
The method of the generation type of decision task, the method for the generation quantity for determining task, and be responsible for distributing these tasks
To the method for idle ant, following variables relate in three methods:
RA: it is responsible for the task quantity of global search；
TA: it is responsible for the task quantity of local search；
UP: after successfully going on patrol ant completion task from last time, unsuccessful patrol ant number；
UF: unsuccessful to impress ant number after successfully impressing ant completion task from last time；
CP: the quantity of current patrol ant；
CF: the quantity of ant is currently impressed；
The method of the generation type of decision task are as follows:
S601 enables CF be equal to CF-1 if ant is to impress ant, and UF is enabled to be equal to 0, enables TA be equal to TA+1, otherwise holds
Row S602；
S602 enables CP be equal to CP-1, enables UP be equal to 0, RA and is equal to RA+1, TA is equal to TA+1；
And/or the method for determining the generation quantity of task are as follows:
S611 enables CF be equal to CF-1 if ant is to impress ant, and UF is equal to UF+1, and RA is equal to RA+round (log
(UF+1)) S612, is otherwise executed；
S612 enables CP be equal to CP-1, and UP is equal to UP+1, and TA is equal to TA+round (log (UP+1))；
S613, IF expression (bestprizes-u)/u value are greater than or equal to CF/ (CF+CP), then TA is enabled to be equal to TA+
1；
And/or the method that these tasks are distributed to idle ant are as follows:
The value of TA and RA is successively added in set RecordTask by S621；
S622, if the task in set RecordTask is sequentially allocated to idle ant there is currently idle ant
Ant, and update the value of CF and CP.
The invention also provides a kind of more hot rolling unit batch plan control systems that maximization roll utilizes comprising control
Device processed, the controller obtain hardness, thickness, physical length, rolling thickness knots modification and the quality of customer order requirement product
It is required that controller obtains full-length；The controller solve and by result to hot rolling unit using method of the invention
It is transferred to hot rolling production run control system, control system realizes the rolling to plate according to the result.
For the performance for evaluating model and derivation algorithm proposed by the present invention, the creation data based on strip has carried out data reality
It tests.Actual production data configuration based on integrated iron and steel works experimental data of the example as us.Example, which provides, to be needed
The hot rolling element number of generation, the client requirement information of order, such as thickness range, width range and length range.It needs to infuse
Meaning, the slab for producing these orders all have identical thickness 230mm, and the mill length provided in table is order
Practical mill length.St=4mm, sh=5, T are setmax=60000m, and Emax=15000m then describes portion by problem above
The calculation formula divided can calculate the rolling full-length of each order.
Table 1 and 2, which is set forth, to be changed jump and hardness jump for thickness between adjacent rolling order and punishes structure.It
Be based on document " Discrete event sequencing as a traveling salesman problem " proposition
It punishes structure, converts corresponding points punishment to according to a certain percentage the consumption of standard mill length.Main difference is that
Punishment points in tradition punishment structure are independently of other parameters in relation to order and roll, however, as previously mentioned, new
It punishes in structure, the meaning of penalty value is since thickness changes jump between adjacent order or hardness jump rolls roll standard and grows
The consumption of degree.In fact, penalty value herein can be calculated by formula picl, wherein pi is in tradition punishment structure
Corresponding punishment point value, cl are a coefficient, represent the corresponding standard mill length consumption value of unit punishment points.It is a kind of special
Width jump punishment rule used, to guarantee that the change width of entire hot strip rolling unit planning meets constraint requirements.It is specific and
Speech, if certain order j is produced after being arranged at another order i, and the width jump of order i to order j has been more than to permit
Perhaps the width jump limit, then giving a penalty value is Tmax.Obviously, such penalty value to roll with what is accordingly sorted
Modular plan processed becomes infeasible, because of ti+tij+tj> Tmax, the rolling power of roll is had exceeded, therefore, this sortord
Infeasible, the width jump constraint of rolling unit is met in this way.
1 hardness of table jump punishment table
| Hardness jump | Punishment |
| 1 | 300 |
| 2 | 900 |
| 3 | 2100 |
| 4 | 3600 |
| 5 | 5400 |
2 thickness of table jump punishment table
| Thickness change (mm) | Jump punishment downwards | Rebound punishment |
| 0.001-0.254 | 180 | 360 |
| 0.255-0.508 | 420 | 840 |
| 0.509-0.762 | 720 | 1440 |
| 0.763-1.016 | 1080 | 2160 |
| 1.017-1.27 | 1500 | 3000 |
| 1.271-1.524 | 1980 | 3960 |
| 1.525-1.778 | 2520 | 5040 |
| 1.779-2.032 | 3120 | 6240 |
| 2.033-2.54 | 3960 | 7920 |
| 2.541-3.81 | 5940 | 11880 |
| 3.811-25.397 | 11940 | 23880 |
For example, hardness jump is 1 between two orders, then hardness punishment is 300；If the latter order is than previous order
Thick 0.001mm, then thickness jump punishment is 360, and it is two adjacent order attributes jumps to roll wear that the two, which is added 660,
It influences.
Table 3 gives a representative rolling unit, is a kind of sequencing schemes of example.Column No. gives each order
Arrangement order in the rolling unit, and the column ID gives the identification id of order.For the feasibility for showing plan, given in table
Go out the end time window (End windows) of each order, the length of consumption (Sum-L) of roll standard mill length, with
And the standard mill length (Sum-W) with wide order continuous rolling consumption.It should be noted that example herein is one special
Example, wherein only relate to three kinds of different order widths, primarily to can the algorithm that test us guarantee with wide rolling
The limitation of standard mill length.Therefore, the maximum standard mill length of each order does not exceed 15000, therefore entirely rolls
Total bonus income that unit processed is collected is not more than 45000.As shown in table 3, a variety of constraints involved in model are expired
Foot.
3 rolling unit of table
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods for maximizing roll and utilizing, which comprises the steps of:
S1, controller obtain the order information of client in real time, while obtaining the parameter information of planning needs；
S2 calculates influence of the production any order to roll wear according to the parameter information that step S1 is obtained, and calculates any
The influence that two adjacent order attributes are jumped to roll wear, works out more hot rolling unit batch plans, establishes objective function peace treaty
Beam relationship；
S3 scans for different production order combination sequencing schemes using improved ant group algorithm, obtains roll utilization rate
Maximum more hot rolling unit batch plans；
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S4, and control system is according to the knot
The existing rolling to plate of fruit.
2. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 1 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In hardness, thickness, physical length, rolled slab thickness that the order information that, controller obtains client in real time includes requirement product
And quality requirement, the parameter information of planning include: the hot rolling number of unit for needing to work out, adjacent order hardness and thickness are jumped
The available maximum rolling full-length of the full-length punishment table and roll of jump, the available maximum rolling full-length of roll
It is defined as all being rolled the blanket order that can at most roll using the order with the variation of standard rolling thickness and standard hardness
Length.
3. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 1 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In the physical length l based on order, thickness g, rolled slab thickness t, hardness h, standard rolling thickness changes st and standard hardness
Sh obtains full-length sl=(t-g) hl/ (stsh), to assess the influence for producing certain order to roll wear；It is based on
The punishment meter obtained from controller calculates influence of the adjacent production of any two order to roll wear；
It establishes objective function and the constraint relationship is,
K is hot rolling number of unit, and 1 to N represents practical order, and 0 represents the virtual order introduced, practical
Order can be only accessed once, and virtual order can be accessed repeatedly, x0j,xj0Respectively from virtual order 0 to practical order j and
It is rolled from practical order j to virtual order 0；(2)
Objective function (1) is to maximize the bonus as collected by K hot rolling unit, i.e. total standard of maximization planned order is long
Degree, influence of the attribute jump to roll wear is smaller between the determining order that sorts, then it is bigger to be conducive to bonus, is conducive to maximize
The utilization of roll；Constraint (2) regulation virtual order is accessed K times, to guarantee that total K hot rolling unit is formulated；It constrains (3)
Ensuring other orders in addition to virtual order at most can only be arranged once；Constraint (4) and (5) gives uiValue constraint
And variation relation, determine its value not less than rolling full-length total consumed by the roll after having rolled order i；Constraint
(4) there is subloop effect of rejecting, subloop is the infeasible order access that may be present formed without virtual order
Circuit；It constrains (5) to constrain simultaneously for the service life of roll, that is, the total full-length consumed is less than the maximum rolling standard of roll
Length Tmax；Constraint (6) is that the position constraint that order rolling arranges passes through the shape of time window to meet client's rolling quality requirement
Formula is expressed；Constraint (7) is introduced for expressing with wide mill length constraint, i.e., the same width rolled in a rolling unit
Total full-length of degree order no more than limits Emax；The value of decision variable is defined in constraint (8) and (9)；
Model parameter are as follows:
Decision variable:
4. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 1 or 3 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature
It is, different order combination sequencing schemes is scanned for using improved ant colony expandable algorithm, obtains roll utilization rate most
Big more hot rolling unit batch plan methods are as follows:
S1, initialization with Ant colony expandable algorithm generate more patrol ants, and the task of every ant is time week of the construction in setting
Required K hot rolling unit in phase T；
S2 thens follow the steps S5 if reaching termination condition, if not reaching termination condition, calculates the next step of ant
Feasible shift position, ant, which often makes a move, selects a slab；If ant completes search, that is, the structure of solution is completed
It makes, then improves the solution of ant construction by local optimum, then calculate bonus acquired in the ant using claim 3 and receive
Benefit, the termination condition are the search for having the ant of setting quantity and completing to solve；
S3, if total prize collected by an ant be greater than indicate before be averaged collected by " success " ant the variable u of bonus,
The search for then thinking the ant is " success ", if the search " success " of a certain ant, updates average bonus with the ant
Variable u, and update pheromones；
S4, if ant completes search, new task will be generated, and task distributes subprogram distribution new task to idle ant
Ant, return step S2；
The solution of more hot rolling unit batch plans is transferred to hot rolling production run control system by S5, and control system is according to the knot
The existing rolling to plate of fruit.
5. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 4 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In the ant that definition carries out global search is patrol ant, and the ant for carrying out local search is to impress ant, ant colony expandable algorithm
The method for calculating feasible shift position in next step are as follows:
Feasible slab order collection F (i) is obtained according to constraint condition, is to complete to search if empty and rolling unit number is K if F (i)
Rope adds new hot rolling unit and executes following steps if F (i) is that empty and rolling unit number is less than K, if F (i) it is non-
It is empty then directly execute following steps；
If ant is to impress ant, and corresponding pheromones vector includes the element being not zero, then uses information prime information meter
Calculate the next position；
If ant is that impress ant but corresponding informance element vector all elements be zero, next bit is calculated using heuristic information
It sets；
If ant is patrol ant, using following methods to using any information to carry out decision, if last decision
Middle pheromones are used, or just from initial point, then:
If being heuristic information used in last decision:
Wherein, the random number of U (0,1) generation, symbol γ are uniformly distributed according to x1,γ2∈ (0,1) is to need user given
Algorithm parameter；
Finally, if pheromones are used, by following formula to the mobile carry out decision of next step, w is moved towards from i pointi's
Probability:
Wherein, wiFeasible order after order i is executed,W is moved towards from i point for antiThe corresponding information in pheromones table
Element value, if moving towards w from i point using heuristic informationiProbability:
Wherein,For the corresponding heuristic information value of heuristic information table.
6. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 4 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In local optimum includes being inserted into the order as much as possible being not yet arranged in having solution, by bonus income size to candidate
Slab is ranked up, and successively selects slab in order, is inserted it into existing solution, until the last one slab；
And/or the quality of solution is improved by using the order in non-layout order replacement solution, by bonus income size to candidate
Slab is ranked up, and successively selects slab in order, is replaced existing slab with it and is obtained preferably solution, until an optimal plate
Base.
7. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 4 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In the method for the average bonus variable u of update are as follows:
S1, enables samples be equal to samples+1, and the initial value of samples is 0；
The bonus g (ant) that ant obtains is added to set g by S2uIn；
S3 enables u be equal to g (ant) if the value of samples is 1, executes S6, no to then follow the steps S4；
S4, if samples is less than γ3, then it enables u be equal to u+ (g (ant)-u)/samples, executes S6, it is no to then follow the steps S5；
S5 enables u be equal toWhereinFor set guIn minimum value, and from guMiddle deletion this most
Small value enables samples be equal to samples-1；
S6 enables bestprizes be equal to g if g (ant) is greater than currently known maximum collection bonus bestprizes
(ant)。
8. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 4 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In the method for Pheromone update are as follows:
S1, select bonus income forHot-rolling batch plan the adjacent slab i and j in each rolling unit is enabled
It is equal toWherein,I corresponding pheromones value in pheromones table is moved towards from j point for ant,
Maxlength is the maximum rolling full-length milimeter number of roll；
S2 selects the hot-rolling batch plan of current success ant construction to enable the adjacent slab i and j in each rolling unitIt is equal to
9. the more hot rolling unit batch plan optimization methods according to claim 4 for maximizing roll and utilizing, feature exist
In task distributes the ant distribution that subprogram is used to be responsible in tuning algorithm local search and global search, is related to for determining
The method of the generation type of task, the method for the generation quantity for determining task, and be responsible for these tasks distributing to sky
The method of not busy ant, following variables relate in three methods:
RA: it is responsible for the task quantity of global search；
TA: it is responsible for the task quantity of local search；
UP: after successfully going on patrol ant completion task from last time, unsuccessful patrol ant number；
UF: unsuccessful to impress ant number after successfully impressing ant completion task from last time；
CP: the quantity of current patrol ant；
CF: the quantity of ant is currently impressed；
The method of the generation type of decision task are as follows:
S601 enables CF be equal to CF-1 if ant is to impress ant, and UF is enabled to be equal to 0, enables TA be equal to TA+1, otherwise executes
S602；
S602 enables CP be equal to CP-1, enables UP be equal to 0, RA and is equal to RA+1, TA is equal to TA+1；
And/or the method for determining the generation quantity of task are as follows:
S611 enables CF be equal to CF-1 if ant is to impress ant, and UF is equal to UF+1, and RA is equal to RA+round (log (UF+
1) S612), is otherwise executed；
S612 enables CP be equal to CP-1, and UP is equal to UP+1, and TA is equal to TA+round (log (UP+1))；
S613, IF expression (bestprizes-u)/u value are greater than or equal to CF/ (CF+CP), then TA is enabled to be equal to TA+1；
And/or the method that these tasks are distributed to idle ant are as follows:
The value of TA and RA is successively added in set RecordTask by S621；
S622, if the task in set RecordTask is sequentially allocated to idle ant there is currently idle ant, and
Update the value of CF and CP.
10. a kind of maximize more hot rolling unit batch plan control systems for utilizing of roll, which is characterized in that including controller,
The controller obtains hardness, thickness, physical length, rolling thickness knots modification and the quality requirement of customer order requirement product,
Controller obtains full-length；The controller solves hot rolling unit and is incited somebody to action using method described in claim 1-9
As a result it is transferred to hot rolling production run control system, control system realizes the rolling to plate according to the result.
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