CN109772595B

CN109772595B - Subregion flotation system

Info

Publication number: CN109772595B
Application number: CN201910078695.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱宏政; 刘杰; 邵善敏; 黄典强; 李甜; 唐佳佳; 王海楠
Original assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-01-28
Filing date: 2019-01-28
Publication date: 2020-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-28
Also published as: CN109772595A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, in particular to a partitioned flotation system. The system comprises a flotation tank and a mixed slurry injection pipe, wherein an output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe horizontally penetrates through the wall of the flotation tank; more than one group of vertical partition plates are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank, and the arrangement height of the vertical partition plates is lower than the height of an output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe; the surface of the vertical clapboard is vertical to the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; a group of bubble generating tubes for inputting bubbles into the corresponding settling zone are arranged at the bottom layer of each settling zone, and the aperture of the air outlet at each group of bubble generating tubes is gradually reduced along the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; and discharge ports for outputting the mineral particles settled in the current settling zone are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank where each settling zone is located. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, high flotation efficiency and good flotation effect, can improve the flotation yield while ensuring the flotation quality, and is suitable for industrial operation.

Description

Subregion flotation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, in particular to a partitioned flotation system.

Background

The flotation method is the most important interface separation method and is widely applied to the fields of separation flotation of polymetallic ores, comprehensive utilization of complex ores, iron ore flotation, non-metallic ore flotation and the like. The theoretical basis of various flotation processes is basically the same, namely, mineral particles are subjected to an aggregation phenomenon at a liquid-gas or water-oil interface due to the hydrophobic property of the surfaces of the mineral particles or the hydrophobic (gas-philic or oil-philic) property obtained after the mineral particles are subjected to the action of a flotation agent. The most widely used method at present is a froth flotation method which comprises the following steps: 1) the ores are crushed and ground to separate various minerals into monomer particles, and the particle size meets the requirement of the flotation process. 2) Adding various flotation agents into the ore pulp after ore grinding, stirring and blending to enable the ore pulp to act with mineral particles so as to enlarge the floatability difference among different mineral particles. 3) And feeding the adjusted ore pulp into a flotation tank, and stirring and aerating. 4) The ore particles in the ore pulp contact and collide with the bubbles, the ore particles with good floatability are selectively adhered to the bubbles and carried to rise to form a mineralized foam layer consisting of gas-liquid-solid three phases, and the mineralized foam layer is mechanically scraped or overflows from the surface of the ore pulp, dehydrated and dried to form an ore concentrate product. Mineral particles such as gangue which cannot float are discharged from the bottom of the flotation tank as tailing products along with the ore pulp. In the case of the current flotation process,

the flotation machines used in the froth flotation process are classified into two types, namely a mechanical stirring type flotation machine and a non-mechanical stirring type flotation machine according to the difference of aeration and stirring modes. Mechanical agitation flotation machines have been used for the longest time, and have been used for hundreds of years from ore dressing to coal dressing, and can provide a turbulent environment for a flotation cell, but have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and large maintenance. The flotation machine without mechanical stirring is also called as an inflatable flotation machine, a pump is adopted to provide energy for ore pulp, and sufficient air is absorbed through the jet flow and collision dispersion of the ore pulp, so that the defects that a matched pump is needed and the energy consumption is large are overcome. Meanwhile, the non-mechanical stirring flotation machine ensures enough ore flow and air suction, so that the flow field in the flotation tank is often excessively turbulent, and mineralized particles fall off in the upward floating process, thereby influencing the flotation effect. Whether can seek a novel flotation system, make it possess higher flotation efficiency and better flotation effect, when guaranteeing the flotation quality, also can promote its flotation output to more be fit for present enterprise's needs, be the technological problem that exists always in this field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a partition flotation system with a simple and practical structure, has the advantages of compact structure, high flotation efficiency and good flotation effect, can improve the flotation yield while ensuring the flotation quality, and is suitable for industrial operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a subregion flotation system, includes the flotation cell and is used for spouting the mixed thick liquid of ore pulp and collector into the flotation cell and spouts into the pipe, its characterized in that: the output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe horizontally penetrates through the wall of the flotation tank, so that the mixed slurry can be horizontally injected into the cavity of the flotation tank along the cavity of the mixed slurry injection pipe; more than one group of vertical partition plates are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank, and the arrangement height of the vertical partition plates is lower than the height of an output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe; the vertical partition plate surface is vertical to the spraying direction of the mixed slurry, so that the bottom of the flotation tank is sequentially divided into more than two groups of settling zones along the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; a group of bubble generating tubes for inputting bubbles into the corresponding settling zone are arranged at the bottom layer of each settling zone, and the aperture of the air outlet at each group of bubble generating tubes is gradually reduced along the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; and discharge ports for outputting the mineral particles settled in the current settling zone are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank where each settling zone is located.

Preferably, the system comprises an air pump, wherein an output pipe of the air pump is communicated with each bubble generating pipe, an input pipe of the air pump extends outwards and is branched into a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the first branch pipe is communicated with an external air source, and the second branch pipe is communicated with a foaming agent vaporizing assembly; the foaming agent vaporizing assembly comprises a high temperature resistant agent tank for vaporizing the foaming agent and a heating device for heating the high temperature resistant agent tank, wherein the foaming agent is input into the high temperature resistant agent tank from the bubble inlet pipe for heating vaporization, and the foaming agent in a vaporized state is output through the second branch pipe.

Preferably, the bubble generating pipes comprise a main pipe section communicated with an output pipe of the air pump and an air outlet plate which is communicated with the main pipe section and is positioned in the cell cavity of the flotation cell and horizontally arranged on the surface of the air outlet plate; the flotation tank is in a square groove shape with an upward opening, the air outlet plate is in a rectangular plate shape, and the air outlet holes are densely distributed in the upper plate surface of the air outlet plate.

Preferably, the system also comprises a medicine storage barrel for temporarily storing the collecting agent and a nozzle for spraying the ore pulp; the input end of the nozzle is communicated with the ore pulp pumping equipment, and the output end of the nozzle is communicated with the input port of the mixed slurry injection pipe; a lateral inlet is radially arranged at the pipe body of the mixed slurry injection pipe in a penetrating manner, and the lateral inlet is communicated with the cavity of the medicine storage barrel through a radial pipe; a switch valve for opening and closing the radial pipe is arranged at a pipe orifice at the top end of the radial pipe, which is communicated with a barrel cavity of the medicine storage barrel, and an inclined plate with ridge strips on the upper plate surface is sequentially arranged in the radial pipe cavity along the falling direction of the collecting agent; along the collecting agent whereabouts direction, each adjacent swash plate all interlocks each other to direct striking lower floor's swash plate face department after making the collecting agent can follow the upper swash plate landing.

Preferably, store up explosive barrel department and be provided with the ultrasonic wave level gauge that is used for monitoring collecting agent liquid level height in the explosive barrel, ultrasonic wave level gauge and ooff valve are connected PLC together.

Preferably, the mixed slurry is sprayed into the pipe cavity of the pipe, a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the pipe cavity is arranged in the pipe cavity of the mixed slurry spraying pipe, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected with the PLC.

Preferably, the position of the sensing surface of the pressure sensor at the wall of the mixed slurry spraying pipe and the position of the lateral inlet are opposite to each other.

Preferably, the bottom surfaces of the settling zones are in a slope shape, and the discharge ports are arranged at the lowest point of the bottom surfaces of the settling zones.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the traditional inherent feeding flotation mode of stirring type discharging or top-down jet type discharging is abandoned, and a lateral discharging structure is adopted in a new way; according to the invention, the parabolic falling characteristic of mineral particles under the self weight after the mixed slurry is sprayed into the cell cavity of the flotation cell is utilized, and finally the mixed slurry is combined with bubbles with different diameters in different sedimentation areas in a collision manner, so that the purpose of convenient and fast partition flotation is realized. Particularly, the mineral particles of different particle sizes are different at the action of the jet force of mixed slurry injection pipe falling points, and the sizes of the microbubbles generated by the bubble generation pipe in the settling zone at different falling points are different and correspond to the mineral particles of corresponding particle sizes in the zone, so that the mineral particles can be continuously combined with the bubbles of corresponding diameters in the process of falling to the corresponding settling zone, the maximum collision effect is finally achieved, and the flotation efficiency and the flotation effect can be effectively ensured.

In conclusion, the invention takes the injection force of the mixed slurry injection pipe as the parabolic power, so that the mineral particles are naturally partitioned according to the particle size of the mineral particles, and the upward buoyancy of the bubbles with specific diameters generated by the bubble generation pipe is utilized to actively collide the mineral particles with specified particle sizes in a falling state, thereby ensuring the loose state of the mineral particles in the mixed slurry and achieving the purpose of improving the collision rate between the mineral particles and the bubbles. The unique operation mode of the partition flotation is obviously easier for industrial use, and the flotation yield can be improved while the flotation quality is ensured.

2) The present invention also includes a foamer vaporization assembly based on the above-described operations. Specifically, the foaming agent is heated and vaporized in a high-temperature resistant chemical tank and is connected with a cell cavity of the flotation cell through one branch pipe of a Y-shaped pipeline. The output pipe of the Y-shaped pipeline forms a normal bubble generating pipe, and the two branched bubble input pipes of the Y-shaped pipeline respectively form a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe. Because the foaming agent is vaporized in advance, the foaming agent is pumped into the bubble generating pipe by an air pump and then enters the cell cavity of the flotation cell, and the mode that the foaming agent absorbs mineral particles at the moment is that the inner part of small bubbles formed by the bubble generating pipe is adsorbed to the surface of the bubbles; when the liquid foaming agent under normal conditions is added into the cell cavity of the flotation cell, molecules of the foaming agent are adsorbed to the surface of the bubbles from the outside of the bubbles; the two are quite different, and obviously the adsorption effect of the invention is better.

3) The bubble generating pipe is arranged to ensure that when mixed slurry is sprayed into the flotation tank cavity by the mixed slurry spraying pipe, microbubbles floating from bottom to top generated at the bubble generating pipe are combined with mineral particles which are sprayed into the mixed slurry spraying pipe and fall from top to bottom in a collision manner, and finally the efficient flotation purpose is realized. The invention preferably adopts the air outlet plate structure, thereby achieving the dense micropore foaming purpose by virtue of the densely distributed air outlet holes on the upper plate surface of the air outlet plate.

4) According to the further preferable scheme of the invention, the process of forming the mixed slurry is that the ore pulp is directly sprayed into the mixed slurry spraying pipe through the nozzle, and then the collecting agent in the chemical storage barrel is driven to be synchronously sucked into the mixed slurry spraying pipe through the radial pipe through the negative pressure generated by the ore pulp spraying, so that the aim of mixed spraying into the tank cavity of the flotation tank is finally achieved. The swash plate of strip is taken to the multichannel crisscross each other, and the purpose is in order to make the collector fall the collision to make the collector can maximize before getting into mixed thick liquid and spout into the pipe and realize the dispersibility, thereby change and mix mutually with the ore pulp, its mixing efficiency and mixed effect all can obtain effective assurance.

5) The collecting agent is stored in the medicine storage barrel, the ultrasonic liquid level meter is installed above the medicine storage barrel, and the ultrasonic liquid level meter is connected with the PLC. During actual operation, ore pulp enters a cell cavity of the flotation cell through the nozzle, negative pressure is formed around the nozzle under the jetting action of the nozzle, the pressure sensor arranged beside the nozzle detects a negative pressure value, and the PLC controls the opening degree of the switch valve according to the size of the negative pressure value so that the collecting agent enters the mixed pulp spraying pipe. Because the pressure value is related to the spraying amount, the adding amount of the collecting agent can be corresponding to the feeding amount of the ore pulp, so that the aim of optimizing the mixing ratio is fulfilled. Meanwhile, the PLC monitors the liquid level of the medicine storage barrel in real time according to the ultrasonic liquid level meter, and when the liquid level is lower than a set value, the collecting agent can be replenished on line by opening the pump. Through the structure, the invention can be obviously applied to the current semi-automatic or even full-automatic flotation process, and the market adaptability is excellent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged isometric view of fig. 1 taken along line a-a.

The correspondence between the illustrated structures and the names of the components of the present invention is as follows:

10-flotation tank 11-plumb clapboard 12-discharge hole

20-mixed slurry injection pipe

30-bubble generating tube 31-main tube segment 32-air outlet plate 33-air outlet

41-air pump 41 a-first branch pipe 41 b-second branch pipe

42-high temperature resistant medicament tank 43-heating device

51-medicine storage barrel 52-nozzle 53-radial pipe 54-inclined plate 55-switch valve

60-ultrasonic level gauge 70-pressure sensor

Detailed Description

For ease of understanding, specific embodiments of the present invention are described further herein with reference to FIGS. 1-2:

the concrete components of the invention are divided into three modules, including: a flotation cell 10, a liquid inlet assembly and an air inlet assembly. Wherein:

the flotation cell 10 is shown in the figures 1-2 and comprises a rectangular cell body with an upwardly open square cell shape. A through hole is formed in the left side wall of the flotation tank 10 in a penetrating manner, and the through hole extends out of the mixed slurry injection pipe 20 so as to facilitate the injection operation of the mixed slurry. Along the injection path of the mixed slurry, three vertical partition plates 11 having vertical and parallel plate surfaces are distributed on the left and right sides of the tank 10 in the configuration shown in fig. 1-2. The three groups of vertical partition plates 11 extend from end to end and are fixedly connected to the inner side tank wall and the outer side tank wall of the flotation tank 10, so that the three groups of vertical partition plates 11 divide the tank bottom of the flotation tank 10 into four settling zones. A group of bubble generating tubes 30 are respectively arranged in the four settling zones, and the diameters of bubbles generated by the four groups of bubble generating tubes 30 are sequentially reduced from left to right so as to be adapted to mineral particles with specified particle sizes.

As shown in fig. 1, the liquid inlet assembly includes a medicine storage barrel 51, an on-off valve 55, a radial pipe 53, a sloping plate 54 and a nozzle 52, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Meanwhile, the liquid inlet component is also provided with an ultrasonic liquid level meter 60 and a pressure sensor 70, so that the PLC is matched to realize the purpose of online control of the switch valve 55. In actual operation, the collecting agent is stored in the medicine storage barrel 51, the ultrasonic liquid level meter 60 is installed above the medicine storage barrel 51, and the ultrasonic liquid level meter 60 is connected with the PLC. The slurry enters the cell chamber of the flotation cell 10 through the nozzles 52 and the action of the jets 52 creates a negative pressure around its circumference. Multiple staggered sloping plates 54 with ridge strips are provided, so that the collector falls and collides, the collector can be dispersed to the maximum before entering the mixed slurry spraying pipe 20, and the collector can be mixed with ore pulp more easily. When the pressure sensor 70 provided near the nozzle 52 detects a negative pressure value, the PLC controls the opening degree of the on-off valve 55 according to the magnitude of the negative pressure value. The pressure value is related to the spraying amount, so that the adding amount of the collecting agent corresponds to the feeding amount of the ore pulp. Meanwhile, the PLC monitors the liquid level of the medicine storage barrel 51 in real time according to the ultrasonic liquid level meter 60, and when the liquid level is lower than a set value, the pump is turned on, so that the collecting agent can be automatically supplemented.

As for the air intake assembly, it includes a high temperature resistant medicine tank 42, a heating device 43, a first branch pipe 41a, a second branch pipe 41b, an air pump 41, and a bubble generating tube 30. The foaming agent is vaporized by heating in the high-temperature resistant agent tank 42 and is connected to the air pump 41 through the second branch pipe 41 b. The air is directly connected to the air pump 41 through the first branch pipe 41a shown in FIG. 1, and the output pipe of the air pump 41 is directly connected to the bubble generating tube 30. Because the foaming agent is vaporized in advance, the air pump 41 pumps the gas bubble generating tube 30 into the cavity of the flotation cell 10, and the foaming agent absorbs the mineral particles in such a way that the interior of the small bubbles formed by the gas bubble generating tube 30 is adsorbed onto the surface of the gas bubbles, so that the adsorption effect is better. Whereas, for the bubble generating tubes 30, when they are arranged in the direction shown in FIG. 2, the aperture of the outlet holes 33 of each set of bubble generating tubes 30 shows a gradually decreasing course from left to right. More specifically, when each settling zone shown in fig. 2 is divided into a first settling zone, a second settling zone, a third settling zone, and a fourth settling zone, the aperture sizes of the air outlet holes 33 on the air outlet plate 32 at each settling zone are: the first settling zone is larger than the second settling zone and larger than the third settling zone. The bubble generating tube 30 having the air outlet 33 with different diameters corresponds to mineral particles having different particle diameters and falling down, thereby achieving a high-efficiency flotation effect. Of course, in practice, the number of settling zones may be greater. When the slurry is ejected from the nozzle 52, it will be zoned according to particle size, and will settle faster with the largest particle size and the largest density, and will therefore fall into the first settling zone. The slow settling, with the smallest particle size and density, will fall into the last zone, the fourth settling zone. For the coal slime water, the larger the particle size of the mineral particles, the more coal contained, and the more worthwhile to recover, therefore, the particles settled to the bottom of the two leftmost settling zones will be recycled to the feed end, i.e. the pulp is pumped to the equipment for sorting again. The bottom sediment mineral particles of the two sedimentation areas on the right have small particle size, less coal and poorer recoverability, and can directly enter the next link.

Claims

1. A zoned flotation system including a flotation cell (10) and a mixed slurry injection tube (20) for injecting a mixed slurry of pulp and a collector into the flotation cell (10), characterized in that: the output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20) horizontally penetrates through the wall of the flotation tank (10) so that the mixed slurry can be horizontally injected into the cavity of the flotation tank (10) along the cavity of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20); more than one group of vertical partition plates (11) are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank (10), and the arrangement height of the vertical partition plates (11) is lower than the height of an output port of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20); the surface of the vertical partition plate (11) is vertical to the spraying direction of the mixed slurry, so that the bottom of the flotation tank (10) is sequentially divided into more than two groups of settling zones along the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; a group of bubble generating pipes (30) for inputting bubbles into the corresponding settling zone are arranged at the bottom layer of each settling zone, and the aperture of the air outlet (33) at each group of bubble generating pipes (30) is gradually reduced along the spraying direction of the mixed slurry; and discharge ports (12) for outputting mineral particles settled in the current settling zone are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank (10) where each settling zone is located.

2. A zoned flotation system according to claim 1, wherein: the system comprises an air pump (41), an output pipe of the air pump (41) is communicated with each bubble generating pipe (30), an input pipe of the air pump (41) extends outwards and is branched into a first branch pipe (41a) and a second branch pipe (41b), the first branch pipe (41a) is communicated with an external air source, and the second branch pipe (41b) is communicated with a foaming agent vaporizing component; the blowing agent vaporizing unit comprises a high-temperature resistant chemical tank (42) for vaporizing the blowing agent and a heating means (43) for heating the high-temperature resistant chemical tank (42), the blowing agent is fed into the high-temperature resistant chemical tank (42) from the bubble inlet pipe to be vaporized by heating, and the blowing agent in a vaporized state is discharged through the second branch pipe (41 b).

3. A zoned flotation system according to claim 2, wherein: the bubble generating pipes (30) comprise main pipe sections (31) communicated with the output pipe of the air pump (41) and air outlet plates (32) which are communicated with the main pipe sections (31) and are horizontally arranged on the surface of the flotation tank (10) in the tank cavity; the flotation tank (10) is in the shape of a square groove with an upward opening, the air outlet plate (32) is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and the air outlet holes (33) are densely distributed in the upper plate surface of the air outlet plate (32).

4. A zoned flotation system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the system also comprises a medicine storage barrel (51) for temporarily storing the collecting agent and a nozzle (52) for spraying the ore pulp; the input end of the nozzle (52) is communicated with ore pulp pumping equipment, and the output end of the nozzle (52) is communicated with the input port of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20); a lateral inlet is radially arranged at the pipe body of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20) in a penetrating manner, and is communicated with the cavity of the medicine storage barrel (51) through a radial pipe (53); a switch valve (55) for opening and closing the radial pipe (53) is arranged at the top pipe orifice of the radial pipe (53) communicated with the cavity of the medicine storage barrel (51), and an inclined plate (54) with ridge strips on the upper plate surface is sequentially arranged in the cavity of the radial pipe (53) along the falling direction of the collecting agent; along the falling direction of the collecting agent, all adjacent inclined plates (54) are staggered with each other, so that the collecting agent can directly impact the plate surface of the lower inclined plate (54) after sliding down along the upper inclined plate (54).

5. The zone flotation system of claim 4, wherein: store up explosive barrel (51) department and be provided with ultrasonic wave level gauge (60) that are used for monitoring collecting agent liquid level in explosive barrel (51), ultrasonic wave level gauge (60) and ooff valve (55) are connected PLC together.

6. The zone flotation system of claim 5, wherein: and a pressure sensor (70) for monitoring the pressure in the cavity of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20) is arranged in the cavity of the mixed slurry injection pipe, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor (70) is connected with the PLC.

7. The zoned flotation system of claim 6, wherein: the position of the sensing surface of the pressure sensor (70) at the pipe wall of the mixed slurry injection pipe (20) and the position of the lateral inlet are opposite to each other.

8. A zoned flotation system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the bottom surfaces of the settling areas are in a slope shape, and the discharge holes (12) are arranged at the lowest point of the bottom surfaces of the settling areas.