CN109770930A - A kind of determination method and apparatus of coronary artery microcirculation resistance - Google Patents
A kind of determination method and apparatus of coronary artery microcirculation resistance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of determination methods of coronary artery microcirculation resistance to establish the corresponding center line being made of discrete point of each coronary arterial tree according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is determined using default allocation rule according to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each center line root crossover location discrete point；According to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree, determine that default blood exports the microcirculation resistance of corresponding coronary arterial tree.The invention also discloses a kind of determining devices of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, storage medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to angiography of coronary arteries data processing technique more particularly to coronary artery microcirculation resistances really
Determine method and apparatus.
Background technique
Coronary flow reserve score (FFR, Fractional Flow Reserve) is evaluation ischemic coronary heart disease
A kind of evaluation criteria.FFR is defined as under maximum congestive state, and there are blood vessels when stenotic lesion can be obtained maximum blood flow,
Blood vessel can be obtained the ratio of maximum blood flow when under normal condition.According to hydrodynamics formula it is found that cardiac muscular tissue
Blood flow is proportional with perfusion pressure, therefore FFR can pass through the pressure of stenotic lesion far downstream end and the ratio of narrow upstream pressure
It is calculated.FFR need to carry out intervention measurement using Pressure wire, and it is expensive and complicated for operation, and needing to inject adenosine makes to be preced with
Shape arterial microcirculation is sufficiently expanded, and often along with many adverse reactions, and is caused uncomfortable.Based on haemodynamics simulation
Coronary artery FFRCT technology is that one kind of the noninvasively estimating method of FFR is benefited our pursuits.
Coronary artery FFRCT technology is to be primarily based on patient's angiography of coronary arteries (CTA, Computed
Tomography Angiography) image, it reconstructs and obtains 3-D geometric model coronarius, secondly construct true and individual character
The physiologic flow boundary condition of change carries out haemodynamics emulation coronarius, last basis using the method for numerical simulation
The pressure ratio of the stenotic lesions being calculated proximally and distally obtains its FFR, i.e., noninvasive coronary flow reserve score
(FFRCT, Fractional Flow Reserve from coronary Computed Tomography
angiography).Under the premise of the model that three-dimensional (3D) is rebuild is close to true coronary artery, FFRCT technology calculated result
Accuracy is heavily dependent on the setting of hydrodynamics boundary condition, in the boundary condition of existing use, using most
Be based on pressure --- the boundary condition of resistance, i.e., using patient's brachial arterial pressure as coronary artery inlet pressure perimeter strip
Part, outlet use resistance boundary condition, and it is quasi- that the determination of the resistance of each outlet of coronary artery is related to FFRCT technology calculated result
True property.
Therefore, the accurate resistance of each blood outlet of coronary arterial tree how is obtained, and then improves FFRCT technology and calculates
As a result accuracy is a problem to be solved.
In invention
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of determination method and apparatus of coronary artery microcirculation resistance,
The accurate resistance of each blood outlet of coronary arterial tree can be obtained, and then improves FFRCT technology calculated result accuracy.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of determination methods of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, which comprises
According to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, establish that each coronary arterial tree is corresponding to be made of discrete point
Center line；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；
It is corresponding according to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and each center line root crossover location discrete point
Coronary arterial tree diameter the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is determined using default allocation rule；
According to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree, determine that default blood exports the micro- of corresponding coronary arterial tree and follows
Ring resistance.
In above scheme, the connection relationship according to each center line determines the layer of each coronary arterial tree
Grade relationship, comprising:
According to the cross-connection relationship of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point and default direction of flow of blood, really
Determine coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；
The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary arterial tree from father's coronary arterial tree.
It is described using default allocation rule in above scheme, determine the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree, comprising:
The total blood volume of coronary artery is calculated using following expression:
Qcor=Q0Mmyo 0.75
Wherein, QcorIndicate the total blood flow of coronary artery；Q0Indicate predetermined coefficient, MmyoIndicate myocardium of left ventricle quality；
The default of coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio is distributed, determines arteria coroaria sinistra and the respective blood flow of arteria coronaria dextra；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is indicated with expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree.
In above scheme, the blood flow according to each coronary arterial tree determines that default blood exports corresponding hat
The microcirculation resistance of shape arterial branch, comprising:
AoMP power is subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central venous pressure, is obtained coronal
Pressure difference of the arterial branch end to tail vein；
The pressure difference of the coronary arterial tree end to tail vein is exported into corresponding coronary artery divided by default blood
The quotient of the blood flow of branch is determined as the microcirculation resistance that the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.
In above scheme, the method also includes:
Using default matching rule, to the corresponding coronary artery of discrete point each on the coronary arterial tree center line point
Branch diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the center line
Crossover location discrete point corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter in root carries out repair process.
In above scheme, the method also includes:
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；
It is corresponding coronal to each discrete point remaining on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Arterial branch diameter carries out linear fit, obtains second diameter matched curve, and calculate the narrow of the second diameter matched curve
Narrow rate；
When the center line root crossover location discrete point corresponds to stenosis rate higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default
Reparation rule carries out repair process to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point.
It is described using default matching rule in above scheme, to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point into
Row linear fit, comprising:
Using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit, indicate quasi- using following expression
Close obtained curve:
Diameterpolyfit=p (1) Distanceemd+p(2)
Wherein, DistanceemdIndicating the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p (1) indicates fitting function slope,
P (2) indicates fitting function intercept, DiameteremdIndicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point.
It is described by default reparation rule, hat corresponding to the center line root crossover location discrete point in above scheme
Shape arterial branch diameter carries out repair process, comprising:
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point is determined using following expression:
d1=dn+(n-1)γ
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate center line
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of end, n indicate the precedence of discrete point, and γ indicates default adjacent discrete
The coronary arterial tree diameter difference of point.
In above scheme, before the fitting first diameter matched curve, the method also includes:
According to default rejecting rule, the discrete point of coronary arterial tree preset length is rejected.
In above scheme, institute to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of discrete point each on coronary arterial tree center line into
Before row linear fit, the method also includes:
To the coronary arterial tree diameter that length is greater than default branch length carry out empirical mode decomposition (EMD,
Empirical Mode Decomposition)；
When EMD result is greater than preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point on coronary arterial tree center line.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of determining device of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, described device includes: mould
Type processing module, the first determining module and the second determining module, wherein
The model processing modules, for establishing each coronary arterial tree according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius
The corresponding center line being made of discrete point；According to the connection relationship of each center line, each coronary artery is determined
The hierarchical relationship of branch；
First determining module, for according to each coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship and each center line
Crossover location discrete point corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter in root determines each coronary artery point using default allocation rule
The blood flow of branch；
Second determining module determines default blood outlet pair for the blood flow according to each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance for the coronary arterial tree answered.
In above scheme, the model processing modules are specifically used for:
According to the cross-connection relationship of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point and default direction of flow of blood, really
Determine coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；
The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary arterial tree from father's coronary arterial tree.
In above scheme, first determining module is specifically used for:
The total blood volume of coronary artery is calculated using following expression:
Qcor=Q0Mmyo 0.75
Wherein, QcorIndicate the total blood flow of coronary artery；Q0Indicate predetermined coefficient, MmyoIndicate myocardium of left ventricle quality；
The default of coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio is distributed, determines arteria coroaria sinistra and the respective blood flow of arteria coronaria dextra；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is indicated with expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree.
In above scheme, second determining module is specifically used for:
AoMP power is subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central venous pressure, is obtained coronal
Pressure difference of the arterial branch end to tail vein；
The pressure difference of the coronary arterial tree end to tail vein is exported into corresponding coronary artery divided by default blood
The quotient of the blood flow of branch is determined as the microcirculation resistance that the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.
In above scheme, described device further includes correction module；The correction module is used for:
Using default matching rule, to the corresponding coronary artery of discrete point each on the coronary arterial tree center line point
Branch diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the center line
Crossover location discrete point corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter in root carries out repair process.
In above scheme, the correction module is also used to:
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；
It is corresponding coronal to each discrete point remaining on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Arterial branch diameter carries out linear fit, obtains second diameter matched curve, and calculate the narrow of the second diameter matched curve
Narrow rate；
When the center line root crossover location discrete point corresponds to stenosis rate higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default
Reparation rule carries out repair process to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point.
In above scheme, the correction module is specifically used for:
Using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit, indicate quasi- using following expression
Close obtained curve:
Diameterpolyfit=p (1) Distanceemd+p(2)
Wherein, DistanceemdIndicating the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p (1) indicates fitting function slope,
P (2) indicates fitting function intercept, DiameteremdIndicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point.
In above scheme, the correction module is specifically used for:
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point is determined using following expression:
d1=dn+(n-1)γ
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate center line
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of end, n indicate the precedence of discrete point, and γ indicates default adjacent discrete
The coronary arterial tree diameter difference of point.
In above scheme, the correction module is also used to:
According to default rejecting rule, the discrete point of coronary arterial tree preset length is rejected.
In above scheme, the correction module is also used to:
The coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out EMD；
When EMD result is greater than preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point on coronary arterial tree center line.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of storage mediums, are stored thereon with executable program, the executable program
The step of determination method of any coronary artery microcirculation resistance in the above method is realized when being executed by processor.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of determining devices of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, including processor, storage
Device and the executable program that stores on a memory and can have the processor operation, the processor operation are described executable
The step of determination method of any coronary artery microcirculation resistance in the above method is executed when program.
The determination method and apparatus of coronary artery microcirculation resistance provided by the embodiment of the present invention, according to coronarius
3-dimensional image model establishes the corresponding center line being made of discrete point of each coronary arterial tree；According to described each
The connection relationship of center line determines the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree；According to the layer of each coronary arterial tree
The grade relationship and corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each center line root crossover location discrete point, using default allocation rule,
Determine the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree；According to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree, default blood outlet pair is determined
The microcirculation resistance for the coronary arterial tree answered.In this way, the method by distributing step by step, according to coronary artery crotch branch root
Diameter accurately calculates the flow of each branch of coronary artery, obtains the accurate resistance of each blood outlet of coronary arterial tree, Jin Erti
High FFRCT technology calculated result accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the determination method of coronary artery of embodiment of the present invention microcirculation resistance；
Fig. 2 is original CT of embodiment of the present invention A schematic diagram data；
Fig. 3 is the 3-D geometric model schematic diagram that CTA data of the embodiment of the present invention reconstructs；
Fig. 4 is aorta of the embodiment of the present invention and 3-D geometric model coronarius and coronary artery dot matrix cloud schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is coronary arterial tree of embodiment of the present invention center line discrete point schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the distribution schematic diagram of bifurcation site of embodiment of the present invention father node and child node；
Fig. 7 is that coronary arterial tree of the embodiment of the present invention names schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is that coronary arterial tree of embodiment of the present invention diameter is fitted schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is name and the resistance schematic diagram of the true coronary arterial tree of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the true coronary artery left branch FFR schematic diagram of calculation result of the embodiment of the present invention；
Name and resistance schematic diagram of the Figure 11 for true coronary arterial tree after reparation diameter of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is true coronary artery after reparation diameter of the embodiment of the present invention or so branch's FFR schematic diagram of calculation result；
Figure 13 is the determining device composed structure schematic diagram of coronary artery of embodiment of the present invention microcirculation resistance.
Specific embodiment
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, it is right respectively to establish each coronary arterial tree
The center line being made of discrete point answered；According to the connection relationship of each center line, each coronary arterial tree is determined
Hierarchical relationship；According to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and each center line root crossover location discrete point pair
The coronary arterial tree diameter answered determines the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule；According to each hat
The blood flow of shape arterial branch determines that default blood exports the microcirculation resistance of corresponding coronary arterial tree.
The determination method of coronary artery microcirculation resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the method packet
It includes:
Step 101: according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, establish each coronary arterial tree it is corresponding by from
The center line that scatterplot is constituted；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；
Here it is possible to obtain coronary artery images data by modes such as CTA, by setting threshold value, certain amount is chosen
Contour surface, the methods of establish connected domain, establish 3-dimensional image model coronarius, and extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud.Institute
Entire entire vessel branch coronarius can be referred to by stating coronary arterial tree, such as arteria coroaria sinistra, arteria coronaria dextra, left and right hat
The trunk coronary artery of shape artery and with bifurcated coronary artery；
Specifically, CTA image data is as shown in Figure 2.CTA image data can be imported into three-dimensionalreconstruction software, it is brighter
Region represents aorta, the inner cavity of Major Coronary substantially, and darker area can indicate the cardiac muscle and its hetero-organization of patient's heart；
Image parameter threshold value is set, a certain number of contour surfaces are chosen, establishes connected domain, reconstruct generates the three-dimensional being made of triangle gridding
It is smooth to carry out curved surface according to Laplacian algorithm for iconic model, finally obtain it is as shown in Figure 3 comprising heart, aorta and
3-D geometric model coronarius.It, can be using the methods of interpolation, smooth in order to preferably obtain coronary artery threedimensional model
Handled coronary calcification patch and carried out the processing of smooth and filling-up hole；
Include heart from Fig. 4 a by identification again by setting brightness of image, the parameter thresholds such as contrast, aorta with
And segmentation aorta and coronary artery shown in 3-D geometric model coronarius, separation include a plurality of Major Coronary
Such as left anterior descending branch (LAD) artery, left hand (LCX) artery, right coronal (RCA) artery and its arteria coronaria model of branch,
And the dot matrix cloud model of arteria coronaria model shown in Fig. 4 b is extracted, the dot matrix cloud refers to the discretization shape of arteria coronaria model
Formula；
After obtaining coronary artery dot matrix cloud model, it is corresponding by discrete point structure that each coronary arterial tree can be extracted
At center line, and each coronary artery can be determined such as the tree of center line according to the connection relationship of each center line
The hierarchical relationship of branch；Center line can be formed by connecting by discrete point, and the interval of discrete point can be preset, the space length at interval
It can be determined in conjunction with air line distance and space angle etc..Space of discrete points linear distance can be such as set to
0.25mm~0.75mm, such as 0.5mm.The center line of the coronary arterial tree is commonly known as coronary arterial tree keel,
The discrete point for constituting center line may be generally referred to as coronary arterial tree keel node.
It further, can be according to the cross-connection relationship and default blood of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point
Liquid flow direction determines coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary artery point
Branch and sub- coronary arterial tree；The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary artery point from father's coronary arterial tree
Branch；
Here, father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree can have multiple levels, father's coronary arterial tree
It can be the sub- coronary arterial tree of a level, sub- coronary arterial tree can be father's coronary arterial tree of next level；
It can determine that the coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes that father's coronary arterial tree and son are coronal dynamic according to direction of flow of blood
Arteries and veins branch, usual sub- coronary arterial tree are connect by crosspoint with father's coronary arterial tree, and direction of flow of blood for from
Father's coronary arterial tree flows to sub- coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, it can extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud, a needle cloud changed into binaryzation higher-dimension
Matrix, and connected domain is calculated, lesser connected domain is rejected, bone is extracted using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, establishes keel
Node index.The keel node is the discrete point of center line.The keel node index is child node and father node relationship；
Specifically, calculating connected domain rejects lesser connected domain firstly, dot matrix cloud is changed into binaryzation higher dimensional matrix, this
In be usually reject less than 100 pixels connected domain；
Secondly, extracting bone using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, the physical coordinates position of keel node is marked, note exists
First three columns in matrix A, wherein the total number of keel node is N, the spatial position p of i-th of nodei=(xi,yi,zi) indicate.
It needs to calculate equivalent area A coronarius on each nodei, equivalent diameter di, blood flow direction vi(first derivative of spatial position)
Equal geological informations.Equivalent area refers to the area surrounded with vertical cross-section coronarius；The calculation formula of equivalent diameter isBlood flow direction is calculated by respective mathematical definition, and all data are added to according to keel coordinate position
In matrix Α, subsequent calculating is called directly；
Finally, searching node i in blood flow opposite direction-viOn the point nearest apart from the node work as prosthomere and as father node
Point is known as child node, illustrates that blood flow direction is that child node is flowed to from father node, and the node is to constitute in coronary arterial tree
The discrete point of heart line.It should be understood that blood flow entrance does not have father node, blood stream outlet point does not have child node, and bifurcation is
The father node of multiple child nodes.According to child node and the spatial relationship of father node search entrance to export individual path, i.e., from
Outlet begins looking for the father node of each node, until Ingress node coronarius.Coronary artery keel node according to from
To first order branch, second level branch etc. is successively traversed entrance until each outlet, realizes program from coronary artery entrance
All outlet ports are found, coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship figure as shown in Figure 5 is obtained, is i.e. keel index.It is described coronarius
Outlet can be preset, and the position of 1~2mm of coronary arterial tree end diameter is such as set as coronary artery outlet；Wherein institute
State the crosspoint that bifurcation is coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, the sky of coronary arterial tree can be established by preset order according to the arrangement of coronary arterial tree
Between positional relationship, and coronary arterial tree is named according to preset naming rule；In this way, to coronary branches from upper and
Under, mathematics and classification and name geometrically are from left to right carried out, solving can not regularization, sequencing before FFRCT calculating
The problem of assessing coronary artery end flow；
Specifically, coronary arterial tree bifurcation can be found, really according to above-mentioned coronary artery keel node index relative
Determine coronary arterial tree bifurcation and traverse the sequence of its child node along coronary artery from top to down, along Heart center from a left side to
It is right；
Intersected from aorta and coronary artery since coronary artery entrance keel node based on keel data matrix A
Discrete point start, according to coronary artery keel node index relative, traverse keel node to first bifurcation, obtain and remember
The child node sequence for recording first bifurcation, is stored in matrix B.By taking first bifurcation includes two child nodes as an example, root
According to the relationship of all public father node of the child node of bifurcation, the direction vector Dir_ that bifurcation is directed toward its father node is calculated
Father and bifurcation are directed toward two level-one child node B (1), the direction vector Dir_son of B (2)1, Dir_son2, due to keel
The distance between node and point are about a pixel (about 0.3mm at a distance from two pixels), therefore these three vectors can
To regard as in approximately the same plane.According to the right-hand rule, direction vector and bifurcation that bifurcation is directed toward its father node are calculated separately
It is directed toward the normal vector of the direction vector of two level-one child nodes, expression formula (1) and (2) can be used to indicate respectively:
Normal1=cross (dir_father, Dir_son1) (1)
Normal2=cross (dir_father, Dir_son2) (2)
According to left and right coronary artery Distribution and localization Heart center, using coronary artery center as the centre of sphere, calculates bifurcation and be directed toward
The direction vector Dir_Center of the centre of sphere, then the dot product of the direction vector by calculating above-mentioned normal vector and the bifurcation direction centre of sphere
A, b judge storage position of two child nodes in matrix B；A and b can use expression formula (3) and (4) to indicate respectively:
A=Dir_CenterNoraml1 (3)
B=Dir_CenterNoraml2 (4)
When the element position in 0 < b of a <, matrix B remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left and right distribution
Type；
As 0 < a of b <, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left profile；
As a > 0, b > 0, vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son is calculated1And Dir_son2Angle, respectively with expression
Formula (5) and (6) indicate:
θ1=acos (dot (Dir_fatherDir_son1)/(norm(Dir_father)·norm(Dir_son1)))
(5)
θ2=acos (dot (Dir_fatherDir_son2)/(norm(Dir_father)·norm(Dir_son2)))
(6)
If θ1> θ2, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, such as Fig. 6 b
Shown, two coronary arterial trees are left profile；
It is same to calculate vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son as a < 0, b < 01And Dir_son2Angle theta1,θ2: such as
Fruit θ1> θ2, exchange the element position in matrix B；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged, and as fig. 6 c, two
Keel node is right profile；
According to the above rule, in transformation matrix B behind the position of element, then successively traverse remaining all bifurcations until
Coronary artery all outlet ports are traversed, coronary arterial tree has so far been determined from top to down, traversal order from left to right.
Further, coronary arterial tree can be named based on the spatial position sequence of coronary arterial tree；
According to the above-mentioned traversal order specified to coronary arterial tree, C is named to main coronary arterym=0 (m=
0), other branches coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to the left and right under a bifurcated point
Branch is named according to certain rule, can be indicated with expression formula (7):
Cmn=Cm×10+n (7)
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
All keel of all coronary arterial trees are named, as shown in Figure 7；
Firstly, name coronary artery entrance keel nodal community is C0=0, then successively traversal where the trunk remaining
All keel nodes, each keel node successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Secondly, when keel traverse first bifurcation from trunk, from top to down according to determining coronary arterial tree,
Traversal order from left to right specifies the left branch L of first bifurcation01First keel node level is C01=C0×10+1
=1, right branch R02First keel node is named as C02=C0× 10+2=2.Remaining all keel node of the place branch
Successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Finally, branch L ought be traversed then01When encountering bifurcation, heart is based on from a left side according to coronary arterial tree bifurcation
To right traversal order, the left branch under the bifurcation is specified to be named as C011=C01× 10+1=11, right branch grade are C012
=C01× 10+2=12；Equally, branch R02The branch after bifurcation afterwards is according to branch L01The situation is named, i.e.,
C021=C02× 10+1=21, C022=C02× 10+2=22, so circulation continue, until traversing entire coronary artery keel section
Point, the coronary arterial tree for completing name are as shown in Figure 7.
Step 102: according to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and each center line root crossover location from
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of scatterplot determines the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule；
Here it is possible to which total blood volume coronarius according to default allocation rule, is distributed to each coronary arterial tree.
The default allocation rule can be determined according to the blood relations of distribution of father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
Further, by the isolated patient's cardiac muscle of organ and myocardium of left ventricle quality can be calculated, according to hat
Allometry relative growth rule between shape blood flow volume and myocardial mass, i.e., full coronary blood flow can use expression formula (8) table
Show:
Qcor=Q0Mmyo 0.75 (8)
Wherein, QcorFor full coronary blood flow；Q0For constant coefficient, 5.4 can be taken；MmyoFor myocardium of left ventricle matter
Amount；
Profile coronarius includes: left advantage type, balanced type and right advantage type；According to the total blood flow of full coronary artery
Measure the blood flow Q for determining arteria coroaria sinistracor_leftWith the blood flow Q of arteria coronaria dextracor_rightThe ratio between than be respectively 8:2,7.5:
2.5 and 7:3.For example, coronary artery or so Zhi Liuliang is assigned as: Q if coronary artery profile is right advantage typecor_left
=70%Qcor, Qcor_right=30%Qcor；
In conjunction with Poiseuille's law, the blood flow in coronary arterial tree is directly proportional to the cube of corresponding branch's diameter,
Blood flow in coronary arterial tree can be indicated with expression formula (9):
Wherein, Q is intravascular flow, and d is blood vessel diameter, and μ is hemodynamics viscosity coefficient, and λ is a proportionality constant, is indicated
The energy that vascular units volume metabolism is consumed；
Coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to default arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines the respective blood flow of arteria coroaria sinistra branch and arteria coronaria dextra branch；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is indicated with expression formula (10) are as follows:
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree, m indicates father's coronary arterial tree, n table
Show the sub- coronary arterial tree of difference of m father's coronary arterial tree；
By taking main coronary artery bifurcated is two sub- coronary arterial trees as an example, d0For the caliber of main coronary artery, d01
And d02The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of described two level-one child node under respectively first bifurcation；
The total blood flow of left (right side) coronary artery, i.e. trunk l is calculated according to the profile of coronary arterial treemBlood flow
Measure Qm(m=0).Other branch flows coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to one point
Left and right branch flow under fork is allocated according to certain rule, and the blood flow of two sub- coronary arterial trees can use expression formula
(11) it indicates:
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
Distribute the flow of all coronary arterial trees；
According to coronary arterial tree classification and the top-down allocation rule of coronary blood flow, first is obtained respectively
The coronary arterial tree diameter of second node of the left and right branch under a bifurcation, is calculated branch l01And l02Blood flow
Amount can use expression formula (12) and (13) to indicate respectively:
Branch l01Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained011And l012, according to same allocation rule, branch l is calculated011And
l012Blood flow, expression formula (14) and (15) can be used to indicate respectively:
Equally, branch l02Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained021And l022, according to same allocation rule, branch is calculated
l021And l022Blood flow, expression formula (16) and (17) can be used to indicate respectively:
If branch l011、l012、l021And l022There is further bifurcated, then continues to press according to above-mentioned coronary artery classification principle
Distribute the blood flow of branch, junior step by step according to crotch diameter, so circulation continues, until bifurcated, i.e. this point is not present in the branch
Branch outlet is that coronary arterial tree exports, then the corresponding blood flow of the branch is coronary arterial tree exit blood flow amount.
Further, corresponding to each discrete point on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Coronary arterial tree diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；The fitting of the first diameter matched curve
When function slope is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the corresponding coronary artery of the center line root crossover location discrete point point
Branch diameter carries out repair process；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；Using default matching rule, to described coronal dynamic
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of remaining each discrete point carries out linear fit on arteries and veins branch hub line, obtains second diameter
Matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；The center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding
When stenosis rate is higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default reparation rule, to the center line root crossover location discrete point
Corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter carries out repair process；
Here, the center line root crossover location discrete point is that father's coronary arterial tree intersects with sub- coronary arterial tree
Position, the discrete point of sub- coronary arterial tree.
Specifically, coronary arterial tree center line of the comparison by three-dimensional coronary data reduction, i.e. coronary arterial tree
Keel and initial three-dimensional coronary artery point Yun Faxian, coronary arterial tree bifurcation region discrete point, i.e., keel node is equivalent straight
Diameter causes the diameter obtained inaccurate because difficulty in computation is big, and outlet branches end may also due to contrast medium concentration reduction
Lead to the equivalent diameter true coronary arterial tree diameter less than normal extracted.In addition, according to the three-dimensional coronary of CTA image reconstruction
In bifurcated root stenotic lesion may occur for model discovery, coronary arterial tree.If the diameter of crotch is directly taken to distribute
Coronary flow may generate large error, cause microcirculation drag evaluation in coronary arterial tree end inaccurate, in turn
FFR is caused to calculate inaccuracy.It can be by determining coronary arterial tree narrow location and repairing the narrow situation in crossover location；
It is preferred, therefore, that the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of discrete point each on coronary arterial tree center line into
Before row linear fit, the correction module 134 can reject coronary arterial tree preset length according to default rejecting rule
Discrete point；The default rejecting rule can be arranged according to arteria coronaria model actual conditions, to coronary arterial tree crosspoint
And/or end is rejected；The preset length can be arranged according to coronary arterial tree unusual condition, such as 1mm or 2mm；
Specifically, being rejected to coronary arterial tree head and the tail abnormal point.Compare crotch keel node and true coronal
The discovery of arterial branch bifurcation region, coronary arterial tree trunk have keel node, the bifurcated branches of 1mm or so to have 2mm's or so
Keel node is in bifurcated Delta Region.For coronary arterial tree trunk, the keel node in the 1mm of end is rejected, for interior
Part is propped up, and head and the tail reject the keel node in 2mm and 1mm respectively, same to reject in head and the tail 2mm and 1mm for outlet branches
Keel node, as new branch's keel node.
Further, the correction module 134 can be greater than the coronary arterial tree diameter of default branch length to length
EMD is carried out, when EMD result is greater than preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point on coronary arterial tree center line；
Specifically, being filtered to the equivalent diameter of coronary arterial tree keel node.It is longer for branch coronal dynamic
Arteries and veins, i.e. length are greater than the coronary arterial tree of default branch length, using EMD method respectively to different branch's coronary arterial trees
Equivalent diameter carries out EMD, and different mode is generated after decomposition, for being less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of two mode, this point
Branch diameter remains unchanged, and diameter sequence is denoted as Diameteremd；Otherwise, a maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, by residual mode
State data are added to obtain new coronary arterial tree keel diameter sequence D iameteremd；Wherein, default branch length takes 20
Keel node.Be less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of 20 nodes for keel node, then it is same to remember diameter sequence without filtering
Arrange Diameteremd；
Here, described using default matching rule, the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point is carried out linear
Fitting includes: to be indicated using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit using following expression
It is fitted obtained curve: the first diameter matched curve can be fitted using identical approximating method and second diameter fitting is bent
Line；First diameter matched curve and second diameter matched curve can use the fitting expression of same form；
In general, normal coronary arterial tree, the diameter at Self-crossover to end is decreasing sequence of numbers, i.e., fitting function is oblique
Rate is less than 0；It is possible, firstly, to which the coronary arterial tree diameter distribution to different branches is fitted, it is bent to obtain first diameter fitting
Line Diameter1polyfit, the linear function of the function fitted, can with expression formula (18) indicate:
Diameter1polyfit=p1(1)·Distanceemd+p1(2) (18)
Wherein, wherein DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p1It (1) is fitting function
Slope, p1(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated1(1) and p1It (2) is respectively p1=polyfit (Distanceemd,
Diameteremd, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DiameteremdIndicate that the corresponding coronary arterial tree of each discrete point is straight
Diameter sequence.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when > 0, as shown in figure 8, can primarily determine that coronary arterial tree is sent out in infall
Raw stenotic condition is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of the center line root crossover location discrete point by default reparation rule
Diameter carries out repair process；The reparation rule that sets can be distributed determination according to the diameter of coronary arterial tree, can use adjacent
It is fixed that discrete spot diameter repair to the corresponding diameter of crossover location discrete point.
Further, it can determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal using expression formula (19)
Arterial branch diameter:
d1=dn+(n-1)γ (19)
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate same hat
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of shape arterial branch center line end, n indicate the last one discrete point
Precedence, γ indicates the coronary arterial tree diameter difference of default adjacent discrete point.Discrete point be set to 0.25mm~
When 0.75mm, it is 0.0005mm~0.0015mm that γ value range, which can be set, and when discrete point interval takes 0.5mm, γ is taken
0.001mm；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when < 0, it can primarily determine that in infall narrow shape does not occur for coronary arterial tree
Condition does not need to be repaired；It can however not excluding there is a situation where that coronary arterial tree middle part is a wide range of narrow, coronal dynamic
Function slope p when occurring narrow in the middle part of arteries and veins branch1(1) the case where equally will appear less than 0；In order to reject narrow location diameter pair
The influence of fitting function can calculate the stenosis rate of current coronary arterial tree first with first time fitting function；
It can use Diameter1polyfitAnd DiameteremdDifference divided by Diameter1polyfitAs coronary artery
First diameter matched curve stenosis rate at branch stenosis, first diameter matched curve stenosis rate can use expression formula (20) table
Show:
StenosisRate1=(Diameter1polyfit-Diameteremd)/Diameter1polyfit (20)
Due to function slope p1(1) 0 < can not be occurred with the position of the narrow generation of Primary Location coronary arterial tree
Bifurcated root.Very low for narrow branch or stenosis is not present, the keel diameter function being fitted can be regarded as
The diameter of ideal coronary arterial tree is distributed, and there are the coronary arterial trees of Serious Stenosis for centre, because narrow deposits
It is that very close true coronary arterial tree diameter is distributed leading to fitting function not.Therefore, stenosis rate can be rejected and be greater than the
The discrete point of one default stenosis rate threshold value such as 50% obtains new diameter coronary arterial tree diameter sequence D iameternew, can
To be carried out using the identical approximating method of fitting first diameter matched curve to the coronary arterial tree diameter after rejecting discrete point
Fitting, obtains second diameter matched curve Diameter2polyfit, in conjunction with DiameternewAnd DistancenewFitting obtains
Diameter2polyfit, it can be indicated with expression formula (21):
Diamete2polyfit=p2(1)·Distancenew+p2(2) (21)
Wherein, p2It (1) is fitting function slope, p2(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated2(1) and p2It (2) is respectively p2=
polyfit(Distancenew,Diameternew, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DistancenewIndicate each on center line
The precedence sequence of discrete point, i.e., the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；This
In expression formula (18) and (21) be identical calculation method, only wherein variable is different.
Recycle Diamete2polyfitAnd DiameternewDifference divided by Diamete2polyfitAs coronary arterial tree
The second diameter matched curve stenosis rate, can with expression formula (22) indicate:
StenosisRate2=(Diameter2polyfit-Diameternew)/Diameter2polyfit (22)
Here, the stenosis rate of the first diameter matched curve and the stenosis rate of second diameter matched curve characterize respectively
It is coronary arterial tree by rejecting the stenosis rate before and after stenosis rate is greater than the first default stenosis rate threshold value discrete point.By two
After secondary fitting, for the stenosis rate of cross-point locations, then determine that generation is narrow if it is greater than the second default stenosis rate threshold value.By pre-
If reparation rule, repair process is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point；
The method and above-mentioned use expression formula (19) repaired determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal
The method of arterial branch diameter is consistent, and which is not described herein again.
In this way, being repaired to obtain new point to coronary arterial tree bifurcated root there are narrow coronary arterial tree
Equivalent diameter at fork, the blood flow of the subsequent direct distribution coronary arterial tree according to reparation, improves coronary arterial tree stream
Measure the accuracy of distribution.
Further, the stenosis that can also mark coronary arterial tree, refers to for medical worker.Here it is possible to
Search the corresponding stenosis rate maximum of different coronary arterial trees, it is clinical general to be concerned about that stenosis rate is higher than certain threshold value such as 50%
Therefore coronary artery Main Branches reject stenosis rate from the maximum of these coronary arterial trees and are less than the very big of the threshold value
Value is greater than stenosis rate the maximum of the threshold value, obtains and positions the maximum coordinate on coronary arterial tree keel, from
Narrow coordinate points respectively forwardly and backward search for coronary arterial tree keel node, until corresponding stenosis rate is less than or equal to one
Definite value, such as 10%, mark and record the farthest coronary arterial tree keel node of the narrow point of longitudinal separation, and calculate both ends keel
Node along keel direction distance, as narrow length StenosisLength.Narrow information can be supplied to medical matters people
Member is referred to.
Step 103 determines that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point according to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Here, it in conjunction with pressure, blood flow and the relationship of vascular resistence under coronary artery quiescent condition, calculates under quiescent condition
The resistance of the corresponding downstream coronary arterial tree microcirculation of normal coronary difference branch outlet.The default blood outlet can
To determine according to coronary arterial tree end diameter, blood outlet diameter can be preset, coronary arterial tree end is less than default
Blood outlet diameter determines that coronary arterial tree is that default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.Default blood outlet is straight
Diameter can be 1~2mm.
Preferably, AoMP power can be subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central vein
Pressure, obtain coronary arterial tree end to tail vein pressure difference；By the coronary artery pressure divided by the outlet pair of default blood
The quotient of the blood flow for the coronary arterial tree answered, is determined as under quiescent condition, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary artery
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Specifically, in the case where external membrane of heart blood vessel does not have narrow, the epicardial coronary arteries pressure of clinical measurement normal person
Drop can take 1mmHg in 1~2mmHg, and taking coronary artery inlet pressure is AoMP Pa=90mmHg, coronary artery
Microcirculation remote pressure, i.e. central venous pressure Pd=6.25mmHg, therefore coronary arterial tree end is to the pressure difference of tail vein
Δ P=((Pa-1)-Pd)=82.75mmHg.According to Δ P=Q × Rr, the Q is that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point
The blood flow of branch, then under quiescent condition, the microcirculation resistance of each branches end
Finally according to coronary artery under the microcirculation resistance of coronary arterial tree under preset quiescent condition and congestive state
The proportionality coefficient of the microcirculation resistance of branch, obtains under congestive state, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree
Microcirculation resistance；According to preset proportionality coefficient such as 0.24, the coronary arterial tree end under congestive state is calculated
Microcirculation resistance Rh=0.24Rr.In this way, completing the microcirculation drag evaluation of each branch's coronary artery end.
Based on the method, the classification of true coronary arterial tree and resistance are shown as shown in figure 8, being calculated by CFD
Coronary artery FFR distribution.
Name and resistance figure for true coronary artery carinal dot shown in Fig. 9 carry out the coronary artery left side obtained after FFR calculating point
Branch FFR calculated result figure is as shown in Figure 10.For the true coronary artery carinal dot after Figure 11 reparation discrete spot diameter of crossover location
It is as shown in figure 12 to carry out the coronary artery obtained after FFR calculating or so branch's FFR calculated result for name and resistance figure.
In this way, the method by distributing step by step, it is each to accurately calculate coronary artery according to the diameter of coronary artery crotch branch root
The flow of branch obtains the accurate resistance of each outlet of coronary arterial tree, and then it is accurate to improve FFRCT technology calculated result
Property.
The determining device of coronary artery microcirculation resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 13, described device packet
It includes: model processing modules 131, the first determining module 132 and the second determining module 133, wherein
The model processing modules 131, for establishing each coronary artery point according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius
The corresponding center line being made of discrete point of branch；According to the connection relationship of each center line, determine each coronal dynamic
The hierarchical relationship of arteries and veins branch；
Here it is possible to obtain coronary artery images data by modes such as CTA, by setting threshold value, certain amount is chosen
Contour surface, the methods of establish connected domain, establish 3-dimensional image model coronarius, and extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud.Institute
Entire entire vessel branch coronarius can be referred to by stating coronary arterial tree, such as arteria coroaria sinistra, arteria coronaria dextra, left and right hat
The trunk coronary artery of shape artery and with bifurcated coronary artery；
Specifically, CTA image data is as shown in Figure 2.CTA image data can be imported into three-dimensionalreconstruction software, it is brighter
Region represents aorta, the inner cavity of Major Coronary substantially, and darker area can indicate the cardiac muscle and its hetero-organization of patient's heart；
Image parameter threshold value is set, a certain number of contour surfaces are chosen, establishes connected domain, reconstruct generates the three-dimensional being made of triangle gridding
It is smooth to carry out curved surface according to Laplacian algorithm for iconic model, finally obtain it is as shown in Figure 3 comprising heart, aorta and
3-D geometric model coronarius.It, can be using the methods of interpolation, smooth in order to preferably obtain coronary artery threedimensional model
Handled coronary calcification patch and carried out the processing of smooth and filling-up hole；
Include heart from Fig. 4 a by identification again by setting brightness of image, the parameter thresholds such as contrast, aorta with
And segmentation aorta and coronary artery shown in 3-D geometric model coronarius, separation include a plurality of Major Coronary
Such as LAD artery, LCX artery, RCA artery and its arteria coronaria model of branch, and extract coronary artery mould shown in Fig. 4 b
The dot matrix cloud model of type, the dot matrix cloud refer to the discrete form of arteria coronaria model；
After obtaining coronary artery dot matrix cloud model, it is corresponding by discrete point structure that each coronary arterial tree can be extracted
At center line, and each coronary artery can be determined such as the tree of center line according to the connection relationship of each center line
The hierarchical relationship of branch；Center line can be formed by connecting by discrete point, and the interval of discrete point can be preset, the space length at interval
It can be determined in conjunction with air line distance and space angle etc..Space of discrete points linear distance can be such as set to
0.25mm~0.75mm, such as 0.5mm.The center line of the coronary arterial tree is commonly known as coronary arterial tree keel,
The discrete point for constituting center line may be generally referred to as coronary arterial tree keel node.
It further, can be according to the cross-connection relationship and default blood of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point
Liquid flow direction determines coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary artery point
Branch and sub- coronary arterial tree；The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary artery point from father's coronary arterial tree
Branch；
Here, father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree can have multiple levels, father's coronary arterial tree
It can be the sub- coronary arterial tree of a level, sub- coronary arterial tree can be father's coronary arterial tree of next level；
It can determine that the coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes that father's coronary arterial tree and son are coronal dynamic according to direction of flow of blood
Arteries and veins branch, usual sub- coronary arterial tree are connect by crosspoint with father's coronary arterial tree, and direction of flow of blood for from
Father's coronary arterial tree flows to sub- coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, it can extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud, a needle cloud changed into binaryzation higher-dimension
Matrix, and connected domain is calculated, lesser connected domain is rejected, bone is extracted using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, establishes keel
Node index.The keel node is the discrete point of center line.The keel node index is child node and father node relationship；
Specifically, calculating connected domain rejects lesser connected domain firstly, dot matrix cloud is changed into binaryzation higher dimensional matrix, this
In be usually reject less than 100 pixels connected domain；
Secondly, extracting bone using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, the physical coordinates position of keel node is marked, note exists
First three columns in matrix A, wherein the total number of keel node is N, the spatial position p of i-th of nodei=(xi,yi,zi) indicate.
It needs to calculate equivalent area A coronarius on each nodei, equivalent diameter di, blood flow direction vi(first derivative of spatial position)
Equal geological informations.Equivalent area refers to the area surrounded with vertical cross-section coronarius；The calculation formula of equivalent diameter isBlood flow direction is calculated by respective mathematical definition, and all data are added to according to keel coordinate position
In matrix Α, subsequent calculating is called directly；
Finally, searching node i in blood flow opposite direction-viOn the point nearest apart from the node work as prosthomere and as father node
Point is known as child node, illustrates that blood flow direction is that child node is flowed to from father node, and the node is to constitute in coronary arterial tree
The discrete point of heart line.It should be understood that blood flow entrance does not have father node, blood stream outlet point does not have child node, and bifurcation is
The father node of multiple child nodes.According to child node and the spatial relationship of father node search entrance to export individual path, i.e., from
Outlet begins looking for the father node of each node, until Ingress node coronarius.Coronary artery keel node according to from
To first order branch, second level branch etc. is successively traversed entrance until each outlet, realizes program from coronary artery entrance
All outlet ports are found, coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship figure as shown in Figure 5 is obtained, is i.e. keel index.It is described coronarius
Outlet can be preset, and the position of 1~2mm of coronary arterial tree end diameter is such as set as coronary artery outlet；Wherein institute
State the crosspoint that bifurcation is coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, the sky of coronary arterial tree can be established by preset order according to the arrangement of coronary arterial tree
Between positional relationship, and coronary arterial tree is named according to preset naming rule；In this way, to coronary branches from upper and
Under, mathematics and classification and name geometrically are from left to right carried out, solving can not regularization, sequencing before FFRCT calculating
The problem of assessing coronary artery end flow；
Specifically, coronary arterial tree bifurcation can be found, really according to above-mentioned coronary artery keel node index relative
Determine coronary arterial tree bifurcation and traverse the sequence of its child node along coronary artery from top to down, along Heart center from a left side to
It is right；
Intersected from aorta and coronary artery since coronary artery entrance keel node based on keel data matrix A
Discrete point start, according to coronary artery keel node index relative, traverse keel node to first bifurcation, obtain and remember
The child node sequence for recording first bifurcation, is stored in matrix B.By taking first bifurcation includes two child nodes as an example, root
According to the relationship of all public father node of the child node of bifurcation, the direction vector Dir_ that bifurcation is directed toward its father node is calculated
Father and bifurcation are directed toward two level-one child node B (1), the direction vector Dir_son of B (2)1, Dir_son2, due to keel
The distance between node and point are about a pixel (about 0.3mm at a distance from two pixels), therefore these three vectors can
To regard as in approximately the same plane.According to the right-hand rule, direction vector and bifurcation that bifurcation is directed toward its father node are calculated separately
It is directed toward the normal vector of the direction vector of two level-one child nodes, expression formula (1) and (2) can be used to indicate respectively；
According to left and right coronary artery Distribution and localization Heart center, using coronary artery center as the centre of sphere, calculates bifurcation and be directed toward
The direction vector Dir_Center of the centre of sphere, then the dot product of the direction vector by calculating above-mentioned normal vector and the bifurcation direction centre of sphere
A, b judge storage position of two child nodes in matrix B；A and b can use expression formula (3) and (4) to indicate respectively；
When the element position in 0 < b of a <, matrix B remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left and right distribution
Type；
As 0 < a of b <, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left profile；
As a > 0, b > 0, vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son is calculated1And Dir_son2Angle, respectively with expression
Formula (5) and (6) indicate；
If θ1> θ2, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, such as Fig. 6 b
Shown, two coronary arterial trees are left profile；
It is same to calculate vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son as a < 0, b < 01And Dir_son2Angle theta1,θ2: such as
Fruit θ1> θ2, exchange the element position in matrix B；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged, and as fig. 6 c, two
Keel node is right profile；
According to the above rule, in transformation matrix B behind the position of element, then successively traverse remaining all bifurcations until
Coronary artery all outlet ports are traversed, coronary arterial tree has so far been determined from top to down, traversal order from left to right.
Further, coronary arterial tree can be named based on the spatial position sequence of coronary arterial tree；
According to the above-mentioned traversal order specified to coronary arterial tree, C is named to main coronary arterym=0 (m=
0), other branches coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to the left and right under a bifurcated point
Branch is named according to certain rule, can be indicated with expression formula (7)；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
All keel of all coronary arterial trees are named, as shown in Figure 7；
Firstly, name coronary artery entrance keel nodal community is C0=0, then successively traversal where the trunk remaining
All keel nodes, each keel node successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Secondly, when keel traverse first bifurcation from trunk, from top to down according to determining coronary arterial tree,
Traversal order from left to right specifies the left branch L of first bifurcation01First keel node level is C01=C0×10+1
=1, right branch R02First keel node is named as C02=C0× 10+2=2.Remaining all keel node of the place branch
Successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Finally, branch L ought be traversed then01When encountering bifurcation, heart is based on from a left side according to coronary arterial tree bifurcation
To right traversal order, the left branch under the bifurcation is specified to be named as C011=C01× 10+1=11, right branch grade are C012
=C01× 10+2=12；Equally, branch R02The branch after bifurcation afterwards is according to branch L01The situation is named, i.e.,
C021=C02× 10+1=21, C022=C02× 10+2=22, so circulation continue, until traversing entire coronary artery keel section
Point, the coronary arterial tree for completing name are as shown in Figure 7.
First determining module 132, for according to each coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship and each center
Crossover location discrete point corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter in line root determines each coronary artery using default allocation rule
The blood flow of branch；
Here it is possible to which total blood volume coronarius according to default allocation rule, is distributed to each coronary arterial tree.
The default allocation rule can be determined according to the blood relations of distribution of father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
Further, by the isolated patient's cardiac muscle of organ and myocardium of left ventricle quality can be calculated, according to hat
Allometry relative growth rule between shape blood flow volume and myocardial mass, i.e., full coronary blood flow can use expression formula (8) table
Show；
Wherein, QcorFor full coronary blood flow；Q0For constant coefficient, 5.4 can be taken；MmyoFor myocardium of left ventricle matter
Amount；
Profile coronarius includes: left advantage type, balanced type and right advantage type；According to the total blood flow of full coronary artery
Measure the blood flow Q for determining arteria coroaria sinistracor_leftWith the blood flow Q of arteria coronaria dextracor_rightThe ratio between than be respectively 8:2,7.5:
2.5 and 7:3.For example, coronary artery or so Zhi Liuliang is assigned as: Q if coronary artery profile is right advantage typecor_left
=70%Qcor, Qcor_right=30%Qcor；
In conjunction with Poiseuille's law, the blood flow in coronary arterial tree is directly proportional to the cube of corresponding branch's diameter,
Blood flow in coronary arterial tree can be indicated with expression formula (9)；
Wherein, Q is intravascular flow, and d is blood vessel diameter, and μ is hemodynamics viscosity coefficient, and λ is a proportionality constant, is indicated
The energy that vascular units volume metabolism is consumed；
Coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to default arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines the respective blood flow of arteria coroaria sinistra branch and arteria coronaria dextra branch；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is expressed as with expression formula (10)；
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree, m indicates father's coronary arterial tree, n table
Show the sub- coronary arterial tree of difference of m father's coronary arterial tree；
By taking main coronary artery bifurcated is two sub- coronary arterial trees as an example, d0For the caliber of main coronary artery, d01
And d02The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of described two level-one child node under respectively first bifurcation；
The total blood flow of left (right side) coronary artery, i.e. trunk l is calculated according to the profile of coronary arterial treemBlood flow
Measure Qm(m=0).Other branch flows coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to one point
Left and right branch flow under fork is allocated according to certain rule, and the blood flow of two sub- coronary arterial trees can use expression formula
(11) it indicates；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
Distribute the flow of all coronary arterial trees；
According to coronary arterial tree classification and the top-down allocation rule of coronary blood flow, first is obtained respectively
The coronary arterial tree diameter of second node of the left and right branch under a bifurcation, is calculated branch l01And l02Blood flow
Amount can use expression formula (12) and (13) to indicate respectively；
Branch l01Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained011And l012, according to same allocation rule, branch l is calculated011And
l012Blood flow, expression formula (14) and (15) can be used to indicate respectively；
Equally, branch l02Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained021And l022, according to same allocation rule, branch is calculated
l021And l022Blood flow, expression formula (16) and (17) can be used to indicate respectively；
If branch l011、l012、l021And l022There is further bifurcated, then continues to press according to above-mentioned coronary artery classification principle
Distribute the blood flow of branch, junior step by step according to crotch diameter, so circulation continues, until bifurcated, i.e. this point is not present in the branch
Branch outlet is that coronary arterial tree exports, then the corresponding blood flow of the branch is coronary arterial tree exit blood flow amount.
Further, described device further includes correction module 134, and the correction module 134 is used for using default fitting rule
Then, linear fit is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of discrete point each on the coronary arterial tree center line, obtained
To first diameter matched curve；When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is greater than 0, default reparation rule is pressed,
Repair process is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；Using default matching rule, to described coronal dynamic
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of remaining each discrete point carries out linear fit on arteries and veins branch hub line, obtains second diameter
Matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；The center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding
When stenosis rate is higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default reparation rule, to the center line root crossover location discrete point
Corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter carries out repair process.；
Here, the center line root crossover location discrete point is that father's coronary arterial tree intersects with sub- coronary arterial tree
Position, the discrete point of sub- coronary arterial tree.
Specifically, coronary arterial tree center line of the comparison by three-dimensional coronary data reduction, i.e. coronary arterial tree
Keel and initial three-dimensional coronary artery point Yun Faxian, coronary arterial tree bifurcation region discrete point, i.e., keel node is equivalent straight
Diameter causes the diameter obtained inaccurate because difficulty in computation is big, and outlet branches end may also due to contrast medium concentration reduction
Lead to the equivalent diameter true coronary arterial tree diameter less than normal extracted.In addition, according to the three-dimensional coronary of CTA image reconstruction
In bifurcated root stenotic lesion may occur for model discovery, coronary arterial tree.If the diameter of crotch is directly taken to distribute
Coronary flow may generate large error, cause microcirculation drag evaluation in coronary arterial tree end inaccurate, in turn
FFR is caused to calculate inaccuracy.It can be by determining coronary arterial tree narrow location and repairing the narrow situation in crossover location；
It is preferred, therefore, that can be straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of discrete point each on coronary arterial tree center line
Before diameter carries out linear fit, the method also includes: according to default rejecting rule, reject coronary arterial tree preset length
Discrete point；The default rejecting rule can be arranged according to arteria coronaria model actual conditions, to coronary arterial tree crosspoint
And/or end is rejected；The preset length can be arranged according to coronary arterial tree unusual condition, such as 1mm or 2mm；
Specifically, being rejected to coronary arterial tree head and the tail abnormal point.Compare crotch keel node and true coronal
The discovery of arterial branch bifurcation region, coronary arterial tree trunk have keel node, the bifurcated branches of 1mm or so to have 2mm's or so
Keel node is in bifurcated Delta Region.For coronary arterial tree trunk, the keel node in the 1mm of end is rejected, for interior
Part is propped up, and head and the tail reject the keel node in 2mm and 1mm respectively, same to reject in head and the tail 2mm and 1mm for outlet branches
Keel node, as new branch's keel node.
Further, the coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out EMD, and EMD result is greater than
When preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as on coronary arterial tree center line
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point；
Specifically, being filtered to the equivalent diameter of coronary arterial tree keel node.It is longer for branch coronal dynamic
Arteries and veins, i.e. length are greater than the coronary arterial tree of default branch length, using EMD method respectively to different branch's coronary arterial trees
Equivalent diameter carries out EMD, and different mode is generated after decomposition, for being less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of two mode, this point
Branch diameter remains unchanged, and diameter sequence is denoted as Diameteremd；Otherwise, a maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, by residual mode
State data are added to obtain new coronary arterial tree keel diameter sequence D iameteremd；Wherein, default branch length takes 20
Keel node.Be less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of 20 nodes for keel node, then it is same to remember diameter sequence without filtering
Arrange Diameteremd；
Here, described using default matching rule, the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point is carried out linear
Fitting includes: to be indicated using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit using following expression
It is fitted obtained curve: the first diameter matched curve can be fitted using identical approximating method and second diameter fitting is bent
Line；First diameter matched curve and second diameter matched curve can use the fitting expression of same form；In general, normal
Coronary arterial tree, the diameter at Self-crossover to end is decreasing sequence of numbers, i.e., the slope of fitting function is less than 0；It is possible, firstly, to right
The coronary arterial tree diameter distribution of different branches is fitted, and obtains first diameter matched curve Diameter1polyfit, fitting
The linear function of function out can be indicated with expression formula (18)；
Wherein, wherein DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p1It (1) is fitting function
Slope, p1(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated1(1) and p1It (2) is respectively p1=polyfit (Distanceemd,
Diameteremd, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DiameteremdIndicate that the corresponding coronary arterial tree of each discrete point is straight
Diameter sequence.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when > 0, as shown in figure 8, can primarily determine that coronary arterial tree is sent out in infall
Raw stenotic condition is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of the center line root crossover location discrete point by default reparation rule
Diameter carries out repair process；The reparation rule that sets can be distributed determination according to the diameter of coronary arterial tree, can use adjacent
It is fixed that discrete spot diameter repair to the corresponding diameter of crossover location discrete point.
Further, it can determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal using expression formula (19)
Arterial branch diameter；
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate same hat
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of shape arterial branch center line end, n indicate the last one discrete point
Precedence, γ indicates the coronary arterial tree diameter difference of default adjacent discrete point.Discrete point be set to 0.25mm~
When 0.75mm, it is 0.0005mm~0.0015mm that γ value range, which can be set, and when discrete point interval takes 0.5mm, γ is taken
0.001mm；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when < 0, it can primarily determine that in infall narrow shape does not occur for coronary arterial tree
Condition does not need to be repaired；It can however not excluding there is a situation where that coronary arterial tree middle part is a wide range of narrow, coronal dynamic
Function slope p when occurring narrow in the middle part of arteries and veins branch1(1) the case where equally will appear less than 0；In order to reject narrow location diameter pair
The influence of fitting function can calculate the narrow of current coronary arterial tree fitting function first with first time fitting function
Rate；
It can use Diameter1polyfitAnd DiameteremdDifference divided by Diameter1polyfitAs coronary artery
First diameter matched curve stenosis rate at branch stenosis, first diameter matched curve stenosis rate can use expression formula (20) table
Show；
Due to function slope p1(1) 0 < can not be occurred with the position of the narrow generation of Primary Location coronary arterial tree
Bifurcated root.Very low for narrow branch or stenosis is not present, the keel diameter function being fitted can be regarded as
The diameter of ideal coronary arterial tree is distributed, and there are the coronary arterial trees of Serious Stenosis for centre, because narrow deposits
It is that very close true coronary arterial tree diameter is distributed leading to fitting function not.Therefore, stenosis rate can be rejected and be greater than the
The discrete point of one default stenosis rate threshold value such as 50% obtains new diameter coronary arterial tree diameter sequence D iameternew, can
With using the identical approximating method of fitting first diameter matched curve to reject the diameter coronary arterial tree diameter of discrete point into
Row fitting, obtains second diameter matched curve Diameter2polyfit, in conjunction with DiameternewAnd DistancenewFitting obtains
Diameter2polyfit, can be indicated with expression formula (21)；
Wherein, p2It (1) is fitting function slope, p2(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated2(1) and p2It (2) is respectively p2=
polyfit(Distancenew,Diameternew, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DistancenewIndicate each on center line
The precedence sequence of discrete point, i.e., the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；This
In expression formula (18) and (21) be identical calculation method, only wherein variable is different.
Recycle Diamete2polyfitAnd DiameternewDifference divided by Diamete2polyfitAs coronary arterial tree
The stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve of stenosis can be indicated with expression formula (22)；
Here, the stenosis rate of the first diameter matched curve and the stenosis rate of second diameter matched curve characterize respectively
It is coronary arterial tree by rejecting the stenosis rate before and after stenosis rate is greater than the first default stenosis rate threshold value discrete point.By two
After secondary fitting, for the stenosis rate of cross-point locations, then determine that generation is narrow if it is greater than the second default stenosis rate threshold value.By pre-
If reparation rule, repair process is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point；
The method and above-mentioned use expression formula (19) repaired determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal
The method of arterial branch diameter is consistent, and which is not described herein again.
In this way, being repaired to obtain new point to coronary arterial tree bifurcated root there are narrow coronary arterial tree
Equivalent diameter at fork, the blood flow of the subsequent direct distribution coronary arterial tree according to reparation, improves coronary arterial tree stream
Measure the accuracy of distribution.
Further, the stenosis that can also mark coronary arterial tree, refers to for medical worker.Here it is possible to
Search the corresponding stenosis rate maximum of different coronary arterial trees, it is clinical general to be concerned about that stenosis rate is higher than certain threshold value such as 50%
Therefore coronary artery Main Branches reject stenosis rate from the maximum of these coronary arterial trees and are less than the very big of the threshold value
Value is greater than stenosis rate the maximum of the threshold value, obtains and positions the maximum coordinate on coronary arterial tree keel, from
Narrow coordinate points respectively forwardly and backward search for coronary arterial tree keel node, until corresponding stenosis rate is less than or equal to one
Definite value, such as 10%, mark and record the farthest coronary arterial tree keel node of the narrow point of longitudinal separation, and calculate both ends keel
Node along keel direction distance, as narrow length StenosisLength.Narrow information can be supplied to medical matters people
Member is referred to.
Second determining module 133 determines default blood outlet for the blood flow according to each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance of corresponding coronary arterial tree；
Here, it in conjunction with pressure, blood flow and the relationship of vascular resistence under coronary artery quiescent condition, calculates under quiescent condition
The resistance of the corresponding downstream coronary arterial tree microcirculation of normal coronary difference branch outlet.The default blood outlet can
To determine according to coronary arterial tree end diameter, blood outlet diameter can be preset, coronary arterial tree end is less than default
Blood outlet diameter determines that coronary arterial tree is that default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.Default blood outlet is straight
Diameter can be 1~2mm.
Preferably, AoMP power can be subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central vein
Pressure, obtain coronary arterial tree end to tail vein pressure difference；By the coronary artery pressure divided by the outlet pair of default blood
The quotient of the blood flow for the coronary arterial tree answered, is determined as under quiescent condition, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary artery
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Specifically, in the case where external membrane of heart blood vessel does not have narrow, the epicardial coronary arteries pressure of clinical measurement normal person
Drop can take 1mmHg in 1~2mmHg, and taking coronary artery inlet pressure is AoMP Pa=90mmHg, coronary artery
Microcirculation remote pressure, i.e. central venous pressure Pd=6.25mmHg, therefore coronary arterial tree end is to the pressure difference of tail vein
Δ P=((Pa-1)-Pd)=82.75mmHg.According to Δ P=Q × Rr, the Q is that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point
The blood flow of branch, then under quiescent condition, the microcirculation resistance of each branches end
Finally according to coronary artery under the microcirculation resistance of coronary arterial tree under preset quiescent condition and congestive state
The proportionality coefficient of the microcirculation resistance of branch, obtains under congestive state, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree
Microcirculation resistance；According to preset proportionality coefficient such as 0.24, the coronary arterial tree end under congestive state is calculated
Microcirculation resistance Rh=0.24Rr.In this way, completing the microcirculation drag evaluation of each branch's coronary artery end.
Based on the method, the classification of true coronary arterial tree and resistance are shown as shown in figure 8, being calculated by CFD
Coronary artery FFR distribution.
Name and resistance figure for true coronary artery carinal dot shown in Fig. 9 carry out the coronary artery left side obtained after FFR calculating point
Branch FFR calculated result figure is as shown in Figure 10.For the true coronary artery carinal dot after Figure 11 reparation discrete spot diameter of crossover location
It is as shown in figure 12 to carry out the coronary artery obtained after FFR calculating or so branch's FFR calculated result for name and resistance figure.
In this way, the method by distributing step by step, it is each to accurately calculate coronary artery according to the diameter of coronary artery crotch branch root
The flow of branch obtains the accurate resistance of each outlet of coronary arterial tree, and then it is accurate to improve FFRCT technology calculated result
Property.
In practical applications, it the model processing modules 131, the first determining module 132, the second determining module 133 and repairs
Positive module 134 can be by CPU, microprocessor (MCU), the digital signal processor (DSP) or existing in FFRCT processing system
Field programmable gate array (FPGA) etc. is realized.
Storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is stored thereon with executable program, and the executable program is processed
The determination method of coronary artery microcirculation resistance is realized when device executes, as shown in Figure 1, which comprises
Step 101: according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, establish each coronary arterial tree it is corresponding by from
The center line that scatterplot is constituted；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；
Here it is possible to obtain coronary artery images data by modes such as CTA, by setting threshold value, certain amount is chosen
Contour surface, the methods of establish connected domain, establish 3-dimensional image model coronarius, and extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud.Institute
Entire entire vessel branch coronarius can be referred to by stating coronary arterial tree, such as arteria coroaria sinistra, arteria coronaria dextra, left and right hat
The trunk coronary artery of shape artery and with bifurcated coronary artery；
Specifically, CTA image data is as shown in Figure 2.CTA image data can be imported into three-dimensionalreconstruction software, it is brighter
Region represents aorta, the inner cavity of Major Coronary substantially, and darker area can indicate the cardiac muscle and its hetero-organization of patient's heart；
Image parameter threshold value is set, a certain number of contour surfaces are chosen, establishes connected domain, reconstruct generates the three-dimensional being made of triangle gridding
It is smooth to carry out curved surface according to Laplacian algorithm for iconic model, finally obtain it is as shown in Figure 3 comprising heart, aorta and
3-D geometric model coronarius.It, can be using the methods of interpolation, smooth in order to preferably obtain coronary artery threedimensional model
Handled coronary calcification patch and carried out the processing of smooth and filling-up hole；
Include heart from Fig. 4 a by identification again by setting brightness of image, the parameter thresholds such as contrast, aorta with
And segmentation aorta and coronary artery shown in 3-D geometric model coronarius, separation include a plurality of Major Coronary
Such as LAD artery, LCX artery, RCA artery and its arteria coronaria model of branch, and extract coronary artery mould shown in Fig. 4 b
The dot matrix cloud model of type, the dot matrix cloud refer to the discrete form of arteria coronaria model；
After obtaining coronary artery dot matrix cloud model, it is corresponding by discrete point structure that each coronary arterial tree can be extracted
At center line, and each coronary artery can be determined such as the tree of center line according to the connection relationship of each center line
The hierarchical relationship of branch；Center line can be formed by connecting by discrete point, and the interval of discrete point can be preset, the space length at interval
It can be determined in conjunction with air line distance and space angle etc..Space of discrete points linear distance can be such as set to
0.25mm~0.75mm, such as 0.5mm.The center line of the coronary arterial tree is commonly known as coronary arterial tree keel,
The discrete point for constituting center line may be generally referred to as coronary arterial tree keel node.
It further, can be according to the cross-connection relationship and default blood of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point
Liquid flow direction determines coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary artery point
Branch and sub- coronary arterial tree；The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary artery point from father's coronary arterial tree
Branch；
Here, father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree can have multiple levels, father's coronary arterial tree
It can be the sub- coronary arterial tree of a level, sub- coronary arterial tree can be father's coronary arterial tree of next level；
It can determine that the coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes that father's coronary arterial tree and son are coronal dynamic according to direction of flow of blood
Arteries and veins branch, usual sub- coronary arterial tree are connect by crosspoint with father's coronary arterial tree, and direction of flow of blood for from
Father's coronary arterial tree flows to sub- coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, it can extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud, a needle cloud changed into binaryzation higher-dimension
Matrix, and connected domain is calculated, lesser connected domain is rejected, bone is extracted using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, establishes keel
Node index.The keel node is the discrete point of center line.The keel node index is child node and father node relationship；
Specifically, calculating connected domain rejects lesser connected domain firstly, dot matrix cloud is changed into binaryzation higher dimensional matrix, this
In be usually reject less than 100 pixels connected domain；
Secondly, extracting bone using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, the physical coordinates position of keel node is marked, note exists
First three columns in matrix A, wherein the total number of keel node is N, the spatial position p of i-th of nodei=(xi,yi,zi) indicate.
It needs to calculate equivalent area A coronarius on each nodei, equivalent diameter di, blood flow direction vi(first derivative of spatial position)
Equal geological informations.Equivalent area refers to the area surrounded with vertical cross-section coronarius；The calculation formula of equivalent diameter isBlood flow direction is calculated by respective mathematical definition, and all data are added to according to keel coordinate position
In matrix Α, subsequent calculating is called directly；
Finally, searching node i in blood flow opposite direction-viOn the point nearest apart from the node work as prosthomere and as father node
Point is known as child node, illustrates that blood flow direction is that child node is flowed to from father node, and the node is to constitute in coronary arterial tree
The discrete point of heart line.It should be understood that blood flow entrance does not have father node, blood stream outlet point does not have child node, and bifurcation is
The father node of multiple child nodes.According to child node and the spatial relationship of father node search entrance to export individual path, i.e., from
Outlet begins looking for the father node of each node, until Ingress node coronarius.Coronary artery keel node according to from
To first order branch, second level branch etc. is successively traversed entrance until each outlet, realizes program from coronary artery entrance
All outlet ports are found, coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship figure as shown in Figure 5 is obtained, is i.e. keel index.It is described coronarius
Outlet can be preset, and the position of 1~2mm of coronary arterial tree end diameter is such as set as coronary artery outlet；Wherein institute
State the crosspoint that bifurcation is coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, the sky of coronary arterial tree can be established by preset order according to the arrangement of coronary arterial tree
Between positional relationship, and coronary arterial tree is named according to preset naming rule；In this way, to coronary branches from upper and
Under, mathematics and classification and name geometrically are from left to right carried out, solving can not regularization, sequencing before FFRCT calculating
The problem of assessing coronary artery end flow；
Specifically, coronary arterial tree bifurcation can be found, really according to above-mentioned coronary artery keel node index relative
Determine coronary arterial tree bifurcation and traverse the sequence of its child node along coronary artery from top to down, along Heart center from a left side to
It is right；
Intersected from aorta and coronary artery since coronary artery entrance keel node based on keel data matrix A
Discrete point start, according to coronary artery keel node index relative, traverse keel node to first bifurcation, obtain and remember
The child node sequence for recording first bifurcation, is stored in matrix B.By taking first bifurcation includes two child nodes as an example, root
According to the relationship of all public father node of the child node of bifurcation, the direction vector Dir_ that bifurcation is directed toward its father node is calculated
Father and bifurcation are directed toward two level-one child node B (1), the direction vector Dir_son of B (2)1, Dir_son2, due to keel
The distance between node and point are about a pixel (about 0.3mm at a distance from two pixels), therefore these three vectors can
To regard as in approximately the same plane.According to the right-hand rule, direction vector and bifurcation that bifurcation is directed toward its father node are calculated separately
It is directed toward the normal vector of the direction vector of two level-one child nodes, expression formula (1) and (2) can be used to indicate respectively；
According to left and right coronary artery Distribution and localization Heart center, using coronary artery center as the centre of sphere, calculates bifurcation and be directed toward
The direction vector Dir_Center of the centre of sphere, then the dot product of the direction vector by calculating above-mentioned normal vector and the bifurcation direction centre of sphere
A, b judge storage position of two child nodes in matrix B；A and b can use expression formula (3) and (4) to indicate respectively；
When the element position in 0 < b of a <, matrix B remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left and right distribution
Type；
As 0 < a of b <, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left profile；
As a > 0, b > 0, vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son is calculated1And Dir_son2Angle, respectively with expression
Formula (5) and (6) indicate；
If θ1> θ2, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, such as Fig. 6 b
Shown, two coronary arterial trees are left profile；
It is same to calculate vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son as a < 0, b < 01And Dir_son2Angle theta1,θ2: such as
Fruit θ1> θ2, exchange the element position in matrix B；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged, and as fig. 6 c, two
Keel node is right profile；
According to the above rule, in transformation matrix B behind the position of element, then successively traverse remaining all bifurcations until
Coronary artery all outlet ports are traversed, coronary arterial tree has so far been determined from top to down, traversal order from left to right.
Further, coronary arterial tree can be named based on the spatial position sequence of coronary arterial tree；
According to the above-mentioned traversal order specified to coronary arterial tree, C is named to main coronary arterym=0 (m=
0), other branches coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to the left and right under a bifurcated point
Branch is named according to certain rule, can be indicated with expression formula (7)；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
All keel of all coronary arterial trees are named, as shown in Figure 7；
Firstly, name coronary artery entrance keel nodal community is C0=0, then successively traversal where the trunk remaining
All keel nodes, each keel node successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Secondly, when keel traverse first bifurcation from trunk, from top to down according to determining coronary arterial tree,
Traversal order from left to right specifies the left branch L of first bifurcation01First keel node level is C01=C0×10+1
=1, right branch R02First keel node is named as C02=C0× 10+2=2.Remaining all keel node of the place branch
Successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Finally, branch L ought be traversed then01When encountering bifurcation, heart is based on from a left side according to coronary arterial tree bifurcation
To right traversal order, the left branch under the bifurcation is specified to be named as C011=C01× 10+1=11, right branch grade are C012
=C01× 10+2=12；Equally, branch R02The branch after bifurcation afterwards is according to branch L01The situation is named, i.e.,
C021=C02× 10+1=21, C022=C02× 10+2=22, so circulation continue, until traversing entire coronary artery keel section
Point, the coronary arterial tree for completing name are as shown in Figure 7.
Step 102: according to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and each center line root crossover location from
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of scatterplot determines the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule；
Here it is possible to which total blood volume coronarius according to default allocation rule, is distributed to each coronary arterial tree.
The default allocation rule can be determined according to the blood relations of distribution of father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
Further, by the isolated patient's cardiac muscle of organ and myocardium of left ventricle quality can be calculated, according to hat
Allometry relative growth rule between shape blood flow volume and myocardial mass, i.e., full coronary blood flow can use expression formula (8) table
Show；
Wherein, QcorFor full coronary blood flow；Q0For constant coefficient, 5.4 can be taken；MmyoFor myocardium of left ventricle matter
Amount；
Profile coronarius includes: left advantage type, balanced type and right advantage type；According to the total blood flow of full coronary artery
Measure the blood flow Q for determining arteria coroaria sinistracor_leftWith the blood flow Q of arteria coronaria dextracor_rightThe ratio between than be respectively 8:2,7.5:
2.5 and 7:3.For example, coronary artery or so Zhi Liuliang is assigned as: Q if coronary artery profile is right advantage typecor_left
=70%Qcor, Qcor_right=30%Qcor；
In conjunction with Poiseuille's law, the blood flow in coronary arterial tree is directly proportional to the cube of corresponding branch's diameter,
Blood flow in coronary arterial tree can be indicated with expression formula (9)；
Wherein, Q is intravascular flow, and d is blood vessel diameter, and μ is hemodynamics viscosity coefficient, and λ is a proportionality constant, is indicated
The energy that vascular units volume metabolism is consumed；
Coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to default arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines the respective blood flow of arteria coroaria sinistra branch and arteria coronaria dextra branch；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is expressed as with expression formula (10)；
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree, m indicates father's coronary arterial tree, n table
Show the sub- coronary arterial tree of difference of m father's coronary arterial tree；
By taking main coronary artery bifurcated is two sub- coronary arterial trees as an example, d0For the caliber of main coronary artery, d01
And d02The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of described two level-one child node under respectively first bifurcation；
The total blood flow of left (right side) coronary artery, i.e. trunk l is calculated according to the profile of coronary arterial treemBlood flow
Measure Qm(m=0).Other branch flows coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to one point
Left and right branch flow under fork is allocated according to certain rule, and the blood flow of two sub- coronary arterial trees can use expression formula
(11) it indicates；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
Distribute the flow of all coronary arterial trees；
According to coronary arterial tree classification and the top-down allocation rule of coronary blood flow, first is obtained respectively
The coronary arterial tree diameter of second node of the left and right branch under a bifurcation, is calculated branch l01And l02Blood flow
Amount can use expression formula (12) and (13) to indicate respectively；
Branch l01Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained011And l012, according to same allocation rule, branch l is calculated011And
l012Blood flow, expression formula (14) and (15) can be used to indicate respectively；
Equally, branch l02Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained021And l022, according to same allocation rule, branch is calculated
l021And l022Blood flow, expression formula (16) and (17) can be used to indicate respectively；
If branch l011、l012、l021And l022There is further bifurcated, then continues to press according to above-mentioned coronary artery classification principle
Distribute the blood flow of branch, junior step by step according to crotch diameter, so circulation continues, until bifurcated, i.e. this point is not present in the branch
Branch outlet is that coronary arterial tree exports, then the corresponding blood flow of the branch is coronary arterial tree exit blood flow amount.
Further, corresponding to each discrete point on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Coronary arterial tree diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；The fitting of the first diameter matched curve
When function slope is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the corresponding coronary artery of the center line root crossover location discrete point point
Branch diameter carries out repair process；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；Using default matching rule, to described coronal dynamic
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of remaining each discrete point carries out linear fit on arteries and veins branch hub line, obtains second diameter
Matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；The center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding
When stenosis rate is higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default reparation rule, to the center line root crossover location discrete point
Corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter carries out repair process.；
Here, the center line root crossover location discrete point is that father's coronary arterial tree intersects with sub- coronary arterial tree
Position, the discrete point of sub- coronary arterial tree.
Specifically, coronary arterial tree center line of the comparison by three-dimensional coronary data reduction, i.e. coronary arterial tree
Keel and initial three-dimensional coronary artery point Yun Faxian, coronary arterial tree bifurcation region discrete point, i.e., keel node is equivalent straight
Diameter causes the diameter obtained inaccurate because difficulty in computation is big, and outlet branches end may also due to contrast medium concentration reduction
Lead to the equivalent diameter true coronary arterial tree diameter less than normal extracted.In addition, according to the three-dimensional coronary of CTA image reconstruction
In bifurcated root stenotic lesion may occur for model discovery, coronary arterial tree.If the diameter of crotch is directly taken to distribute
Coronary flow may generate large error, cause microcirculation drag evaluation in coronary arterial tree end inaccurate, in turn
FFR is caused to calculate inaccuracy.It can be by determining coronary arterial tree narrow location and repairing the narrow situation in crossover location；
It is preferred, therefore, that can be straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of discrete point each on coronary arterial tree center line
Before diameter carries out linear fit, the method also includes: according to default rejecting rule, reject coronary arterial tree preset length
Discrete point；The default rejecting rule can be arranged according to arteria coronaria model actual conditions, to coronary arterial tree crosspoint
And/or end is rejected；The preset length can be arranged according to coronary arterial tree unusual condition, such as 1mm or 2mm；
Specifically, being rejected to coronary arterial tree head and the tail abnormal point.Compare crotch keel node and true coronal
The discovery of arterial branch bifurcation region, coronary arterial tree trunk have keel node, the bifurcated branches of 1mm or so to have 2mm's or so
Keel node is in bifurcated Delta Region.For coronary arterial tree trunk, the keel node in the 1mm of end is rejected, for interior
Part is propped up, and head and the tail reject the keel node in 2mm and 1mm respectively, same to reject in head and the tail 2mm and 1mm for outlet branches
Keel node, as new branch's keel node.
Further, the coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out EMD, and EMD result is greater than
When preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as on coronary arterial tree center line
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point；
Specifically, being filtered to the equivalent diameter of coronary arterial tree keel node.It is longer for branch coronal dynamic
Arteries and veins, i.e. length are greater than the coronary arterial tree of default branch length, using EMD method respectively to different branch's coronary arterial trees
Equivalent diameter carries out EMD, and different mode is generated after decomposition, for being less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of two mode, this point
Branch diameter remains unchanged, and diameter sequence is denoted as Diameteremd；Otherwise, a maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, by residual mode
State data are added to obtain new coronary arterial tree keel diameter sequence D iameteremd；Wherein, default branch length takes 20
Keel node.Be less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of 20 nodes for keel node, then it is same to remember diameter sequence without filtering
Arrange Diameteremd；
Here, described using default matching rule, the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point is carried out linear
Fitting includes: to be indicated using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit using following expression
It is fitted obtained curve: the first diameter matched curve can be fitted using identical approximating method and second diameter fitting is bent
Line；First diameter matched curve and second diameter matched curve can use the fitting expression of same form；In general, normal
Coronary arterial tree, the diameter at Self-crossover to end is decreasing sequence of numbers, i.e., the slope of fitting function is less than 0；It is possible, firstly, to right
The coronary arterial tree diameter distribution of different branches is fitted, and obtains first diameter matched curve Diameter1polyfit, fitting
The linear function of function out can be indicated with expression formula (18)；
Wherein, wherein DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p1It (1) is fitting function
Slope, p1(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated1(1) and p1It (2) is respectively p1=polyfit (Distanceemd,
Diameteremd, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DiameteremdIndicate that the corresponding coronary arterial tree of each discrete point is straight
Diameter sequence.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when > 0, as shown in figure 8, can primarily determine that coronary arterial tree is sent out in infall
Raw stenotic condition is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of the center line root crossover location discrete point by default reparation rule
Diameter carries out repair process；The reparation rule that sets can be distributed determination according to the diameter of coronary arterial tree, can use adjacent
It is fixed that discrete spot diameter repair to the corresponding diameter of crossover location discrete point.
Further, it can determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal using expression formula (19)
Arterial branch diameter；
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate same hat
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of shape arterial branch center line end, n indicate the last one discrete point
Precedence, γ indicates the coronary arterial tree diameter difference of default adjacent discrete point.Discrete point be set to 0.25mm~
When 0.75mm, it is 0.0005mm~0.0015mm that γ value range, which can be set, and when discrete point interval takes 0.5mm, γ is taken
0.001mm；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when < 0, it can primarily determine that in infall narrow shape does not occur for coronary arterial tree
Condition does not need to be repaired；It can however not excluding there is a situation where that coronary arterial tree middle part is a wide range of narrow, coronal dynamic
Function slope p when occurring narrow in the middle part of arteries and veins branch1(1) the case where equally will appear less than 0；In order to reject narrow location diameter pair
The influence of fitting function can calculate the stenosis rate of current coronary arterial tree first with first time fitting function；
It can use Diameter1polyfitAnd DiameteremdDifference divided by Diameter1polyfitAs coronary artery
First diameter matched curve stenosis rate at branch stenosis, first diameter matched curve stenosis rate can use expression formula (20) table
Show；
Due to function slope p1(1) 0 < can not be occurred with the position of the narrow generation of Primary Location coronary arterial tree
Bifurcated root.Very low for narrow branch or stenosis is not present, the keel diameter function being fitted can be regarded as
The diameter of ideal coronary arterial tree is distributed, and there are the coronary arterial trees of Serious Stenosis for centre, because narrow deposits
It is that very close true coronary arterial tree diameter is distributed leading to fitting function not.Therefore, stenosis rate can be rejected and be greater than the
The discrete point of one default stenosis rate threshold value such as 50% obtains new diameter coronary arterial tree diameter sequence D iameternew, can
To be carried out using the identical approximating method of fitting first diameter matched curve to the coronary arterial tree diameter after rejecting discrete point
Fitting, obtains second diameter matched curve Diameter2polyfit, in conjunction with DiameternewAnd DistancenewFitting obtains
Diameter2polyfit, can be indicated with expression formula (21)；
Wherein, p2It (1) is fitting function slope, p2(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated2(1) and p2It (2) is respectively p2=
polyfit(Distancenew,Diameternew, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DistancenewIndicate each on center line
The precedence sequence of discrete point, i.e., the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；This
In expression formula (18) and (21) be identical calculation method, only wherein variable is different.
Recycle Diamete2polyfitAnd DiameternewDifference divided by Diamete2polyfitAs coronary arterial tree
The second diameter matched curve stenosis rate, can with expression formula (22) indicate；
Here, the stenosis rate of the first diameter matched curve and the stenosis rate of second diameter matched curve characterize respectively
It is coronary arterial tree by rejecting the stenosis rate before and after stenosis rate is greater than the first default stenosis rate threshold value discrete point.By two
After secondary fitting, for the stenosis rate of cross-point locations, then determine that generation is narrow if it is greater than the second default stenosis rate threshold value.By pre-
If reparation rule, repair process is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point；
The method and above-mentioned use expression formula (19) repaired determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal
The method of arterial branch diameter is consistent, and which is not described herein again.
In this way, being repaired to obtain new point to coronary arterial tree bifurcated root there are narrow coronary arterial tree
Equivalent diameter at fork, the blood flow of the subsequent direct distribution coronary arterial tree according to reparation, improves coronary arterial tree stream
Measure the accuracy of distribution.
Further, the stenosis that can also mark coronary arterial tree, refers to for medical worker.Here it is possible to
Search the corresponding stenosis rate maximum of different coronary arterial trees, it is clinical general to be concerned about that stenosis rate is higher than certain threshold value such as 50%
Therefore coronary artery Main Branches reject stenosis rate from the maximum of these coronary arterial trees and are less than the very big of the threshold value
Value is greater than stenosis rate the maximum of the threshold value, obtains and positions the maximum coordinate on coronary arterial tree keel, from
Narrow coordinate points respectively forwardly and backward search for coronary arterial tree keel node, until corresponding stenosis rate is less than or equal to one
Definite value, such as 10%, mark and record the farthest coronary arterial tree keel node of the narrow point of longitudinal separation, and calculate both ends keel
Node along keel direction distance, as narrow length StenosisLength.Narrow information can be supplied to medical matters people
Member is referred to.
Step 103 determines that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point according to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Here, it in conjunction with pressure, blood flow and the relationship of vascular resistence under coronary artery quiescent condition, calculates under quiescent condition
The resistance of the corresponding downstream coronary arterial tree microcirculation of normal coronary difference branch outlet.The default blood outlet can
To determine according to coronary arterial tree end diameter, blood outlet diameter can be preset, coronary arterial tree end is less than default
Blood outlet diameter determines that coronary arterial tree is that default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.Default blood outlet is straight
Diameter can be 1~2mm.
Preferably, AoMP power can be subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central vein
Pressure, obtain coronary arterial tree end to tail vein pressure difference；By the coronary artery pressure divided by the outlet pair of default blood
The quotient of the blood flow for the coronary arterial tree answered, is determined as under quiescent condition, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary artery
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Specifically, in the case where external membrane of heart blood vessel does not have narrow, the epicardial coronary arteries pressure of clinical measurement normal person
Drop can take 1mmHg in 1~2mmHg, and taking coronary artery inlet pressure is AoMP Pa=90mmHg, coronary artery
Microcirculation remote pressure, i.e. central venous pressure Pd=6.25mmHg, therefore coronary arterial tree end is to the pressure difference of tail vein
Δ P=((Pa-1)-Pd)=82.75mmHg.According to Δ P=Q × Rr, the Q is that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point
The blood flow of branch, then under quiescent condition, the microcirculation resistance of each branches end
Finally according to coronary artery under the microcirculation resistance of coronary arterial tree under preset quiescent condition and congestive state
The proportionality coefficient of the microcirculation resistance of branch, obtains under congestive state, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree
Microcirculation resistance；According to preset proportionality coefficient such as 0.24, the coronary arterial tree end under congestive state is calculated
Microcirculation resistance Rh=0.24Rr.In this way, completing the microcirculation drag evaluation of each branch's coronary artery end.
Based on the method, the classification of true coronary arterial tree and resistance are shown as shown in figure 8, being calculated by CFD
Coronary artery FFR distribution.
Name and resistance figure for true coronary artery carinal dot shown in Fig. 9 carry out the coronary artery left side obtained after FFR calculating point
Branch FFR calculated result figure is as shown in Figure 10.For the true coronary artery carinal dot after Figure 11 reparation discrete spot diameter of crossover location
It is as shown in figure 12 to carry out the coronary artery obtained after FFR calculating or so branch's FFR calculated result for name and resistance figure.
In this way, the method by distributing step by step, it is each to accurately calculate coronary artery according to the diameter of coronary artery crotch branch root
The flow of branch obtains the accurate resistance of each outlet of coronary arterial tree, and then it is accurate to improve FFRCT technology calculated result
Property.
The determining device of coronary artery microcirculation resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including processor, memory and deposit
The executable program that stores up on a memory and can have the processor operation, when the processor runs the executable program
The determination method for realizing coronary artery microcirculation resistance is executed, as shown in Figure 1, which comprises
Step 101: according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, establish each coronary arterial tree it is corresponding by from
The center line that scatterplot is constituted；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；
Here it is possible to obtain coronary artery images data by modes such as CTA, by setting threshold value, certain amount is chosen
Contour surface, the methods of establish connected domain, establish 3-dimensional image model coronarius, and extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud.Institute
Entire entire vessel branch coronarius can be referred to by stating coronary arterial tree, such as arteria coroaria sinistra, arteria coronaria dextra, left and right hat
The trunk coronary artery of shape artery and with bifurcated coronary artery；
Specifically, CTA image data is as shown in Figure 2.CTA image data can be imported into three-dimensionalreconstruction software, it is brighter
Region represents aorta, the inner cavity of Major Coronary substantially, and darker area can indicate the cardiac muscle and its hetero-organization of patient's heart；
Image parameter threshold value is set, a certain number of contour surfaces are chosen, establishes connected domain, reconstruct generates the three-dimensional being made of triangle gridding
It is smooth to carry out curved surface according to Laplacian algorithm for iconic model, finally obtain it is as shown in Figure 3 comprising heart, aorta and
3-D geometric model coronarius.It, can be using the methods of interpolation, smooth in order to preferably obtain coronary artery threedimensional model
Handled coronary calcification patch and carried out the processing of smooth and filling-up hole；
Include heart from Fig. 4 a by identification again by setting brightness of image, the parameter thresholds such as contrast, aorta with
And segmentation aorta and coronary artery shown in 3-D geometric model coronarius, separation include a plurality of Major Coronary
Such as LAD artery, LCX artery, RCA artery and its arteria coronaria model of branch, and extract coronary artery mould shown in Fig. 4 b
The dot matrix cloud model of type, the dot matrix cloud refer to the discrete form of arteria coronaria model；
After obtaining coronary artery dot matrix cloud model, it is corresponding by discrete point structure that each coronary arterial tree can be extracted
At center line, and each coronary artery can be determined such as the tree of center line according to the connection relationship of each center line
The hierarchical relationship of branch；Center line can be formed by connecting by discrete point, and the interval of discrete point can be preset, the space length at interval
It can be determined in conjunction with air line distance and space angle etc..Space of discrete points linear distance can be such as set to
0.25mm~0.75mm, such as 0.5mm.The center line of the coronary arterial tree is commonly known as coronary arterial tree keel,
The discrete point for constituting center line may be generally referred to as coronary arterial tree keel node.
It further, can be according to the cross-connection relationship and default blood of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point
Liquid flow direction determines coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship；The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary artery point
Branch and sub- coronary arterial tree；The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary artery point from father's coronary arterial tree
Branch；
Here, father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree can have multiple levels, father's coronary arterial tree
It can be the sub- coronary arterial tree of a level, sub- coronary arterial tree can be father's coronary arterial tree of next level；
It can determine that the coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes that father's coronary arterial tree and son are coronal dynamic according to direction of flow of blood
Arteries and veins branch, usual sub- coronary arterial tree are connect by crosspoint with father's coronary arterial tree, and direction of flow of blood for from
Father's coronary arterial tree flows to sub- coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, it can extract coronary artery dot matrix cloud, a needle cloud changed into binaryzation higher-dimension
Matrix, and connected domain is calculated, lesser connected domain is rejected, bone is extracted using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, establishes keel
Node index.The keel node is the discrete point of center line.The keel node index is child node and father node relationship；
Specifically, calculating connected domain rejects lesser connected domain firstly, dot matrix cloud is changed into binaryzation higher dimensional matrix, this
In be usually reject less than 100 pixels connected domain；
Secondly, extracting bone using coronary artery bone extraction algorithm, the physical coordinates position of keel node is marked, note exists
First three columns in matrix A, wherein the total number of keel node is N, the spatial position p of i-th of nodei=(xi,yi,zi) indicate.
It needs to calculate equivalent area A coronarius on each nodei, equivalent diameter di, blood flow direction vi(first derivative of spatial position)
Equal geological informations.Equivalent area refers to the area surrounded with vertical cross-section coronarius；The calculation formula of equivalent diameter isBlood flow direction is calculated by respective mathematical definition, and all data are added to according to keel coordinate position
In matrix Α, subsequent calculating is called directly；
Finally, searching node i in blood flow opposite direction-viOn the point nearest apart from the node work as prosthomere and as father node
Point is known as child node, illustrates that blood flow direction is that child node is flowed to from father node, and the node is to constitute in coronary arterial tree
The discrete point of heart line.It should be understood that blood flow entrance does not have father node, blood stream outlet point does not have child node, and bifurcation is
The father node of multiple child nodes.According to child node and the spatial relationship of father node search entrance to export individual path, i.e., from
Outlet begins looking for the father node of each node, until Ingress node coronarius.Coronary artery keel node according to from
To first order branch, second level branch etc. is successively traversed entrance until each outlet, realizes program from coronary artery entrance
All outlet ports are found, coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship figure as shown in Figure 5 is obtained, is i.e. keel index.It is described coronarius
Outlet can be preset, and the position of 1~2mm of coronary arterial tree end diameter is such as set as coronary artery outlet；Wherein institute
State the crosspoint that bifurcation is coronary arterial tree.
In practical application, the sky of coronary arterial tree can be established by preset order according to the arrangement of coronary arterial tree
Between positional relationship, and coronary arterial tree is named according to preset naming rule；In this way, to coronary branches from upper and
Under, mathematics and classification and name geometrically are from left to right carried out, solving can not regularization, sequencing before FFRCT calculating
The problem of assessing coronary artery end flow；
Specifically, coronary arterial tree bifurcation can be found, really according to above-mentioned coronary artery keel node index relative
Determine coronary arterial tree bifurcation and traverse the sequence of its child node along coronary artery from top to down, along Heart center from a left side to
It is right；
Intersected from aorta and coronary artery since coronary artery entrance keel node based on keel data matrix A
Discrete point start, according to coronary artery keel node index relative, traverse keel node to first bifurcation, obtain and remember
The child node sequence for recording first bifurcation, is stored in matrix B.By taking first bifurcation includes two child nodes as an example, root
According to the relationship of all public father node of the child node of bifurcation, the direction vector Dir_ that bifurcation is directed toward its father node is calculated
Father and bifurcation are directed toward two level-one child node B (1), the direction vector Dir_son of B (2)1, Dir_son2, due to keel
The distance between node and point are about a pixel (about 0.3mm at a distance from two pixels), therefore these three vectors can
To regard as in approximately the same plane.According to the right-hand rule, direction vector and bifurcation that bifurcation is directed toward its father node are calculated separately
It is directed toward the normal vector of the direction vector of two level-one child nodes, expression formula (1) and (2) can be used to indicate respectively；
According to left and right coronary artery Distribution and localization Heart center, using coronary artery center as the centre of sphere, calculates bifurcation and be directed toward
The direction vector Dir_Center of the centre of sphere, then the dot product of the direction vector by calculating above-mentioned normal vector and the bifurcation direction centre of sphere
A, b judge storage position of two child nodes in matrix B；A and b can use expression formula (3) and (4) to indicate respectively；
When the element position in 0 < b of a <, matrix B remains unchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left and right distribution
Type；
As 0 < a of b <, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, as shown in Figure 6 a, two keel nodes are left profile；
As a > 0, b > 0, vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son is calculated1And Dir_son2Angle, respectively with expression
Formula (5) and (6) indicate；
If θ1> θ2, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B is exchanged, such as Fig. 6 b
Shown, two coronary arterial trees are left profile；
It is same to calculate vector Dir_father and vector Dir_son as a < 0, b < 01And Dir_son2Angle theta1,θ2: such as
Fruit θ1> θ2, exchange the element position in matrix B；On the contrary, the element position in matrix B remains unchanged, and as fig. 6 c, two
Keel node is right profile；
According to the above rule, in transformation matrix B behind the position of element, then successively traverse remaining all bifurcations until
Coronary artery all outlet ports are traversed, coronary arterial tree has so far been determined from top to down, traversal order from left to right.
Further, coronary arterial tree can be named based on the spatial position sequence of coronary arterial tree；
According to the above-mentioned traversal order specified to coronary arterial tree, C is named to main coronary arterym=0 (m=
0), other branches coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to the left and right under a bifurcated point
Branch is named according to certain rule, can be indicated with expression formula (7)；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
All keel of all coronary arterial trees are named, as shown in Figure 7；
Firstly, name coronary artery entrance keel nodal community is C0=0, then successively traversal where the trunk remaining
All keel nodes, each keel node successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Secondly, when keel traverse first bifurcation from trunk, from top to down according to determining coronary arterial tree,
Traversal order from left to right specifies the left branch L of first bifurcation01First keel node level is C01=C0×10+1
=1, right branch R02First keel node is named as C02=C0× 10+2=2.Remaining all keel node of the place branch
Successively inherit the name attribute of its father node；
Finally, branch L ought be traversed then01When encountering bifurcation, heart is based on from a left side according to coronary arterial tree bifurcation
To right traversal order, the left branch under the bifurcation is specified to be named as C011=C01× 10+1=11, right branch grade are C012
=C01× 10+2=12；Equally, branch R02The branch after bifurcation afterwards is according to branch L01The situation is named, i.e.,
C021=C02× 10+1=21, C022=C02× 10+2=22, so circulation continue, until traversing entire coronary artery keel section
Point, the coronary arterial tree for completing name are as shown in Figure 7.
Step 102: according to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and each center line root crossover location from
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of scatterplot determines the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule；
Here it is possible to which total blood volume coronarius according to default allocation rule, is distributed to each coronary arterial tree.
The default allocation rule can be determined according to the blood relations of distribution of father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
Further, by the isolated patient's cardiac muscle of organ and myocardium of left ventricle quality can be calculated, according to hat
Allometry relative growth rule between shape blood flow volume and myocardial mass, i.e., full coronary blood flow can use expression formula (8) table
Show；
Wherein, QcorFor full coronary blood flow；Q0For constant coefficient, 5.4 can be taken；MmyoFor myocardium of left ventricle matter
Amount；
Profile coronarius includes: left advantage type, balanced type and right advantage type；According to the total blood flow of full coronary artery
Measure the blood flow Q for determining arteria coroaria sinistracor_leftWith the blood flow Q of arteria coronaria dextracor_rightThe ratio between than be respectively 8:2,7.5:
2.5 and 7:3.For example, coronary artery or so Zhi Liuliang is assigned as: Q if coronary artery profile is right advantage typecor_left
=70%Qcor, Qcor_right=30%Qcor；
In conjunction with Poiseuille's law, the blood flow in coronary arterial tree is directly proportional to the cube of corresponding branch's diameter,
Blood flow in coronary arterial tree can be indicated with expression formula (9)；
Wherein, Q is intravascular flow, and d is blood vessel diameter, and μ is hemodynamics viscosity coefficient, and λ is a proportionality constant, is indicated
The energy that vascular units volume metabolism is consumed；
Coronary artery whole blood flow is accounted for respectively according to default arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines the respective blood flow of arteria coroaria sinistra branch and arteria coronaria dextra branch；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is expressed as with expression formula (10)；
Wherein, dmnIndicate that the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree is discrete in respective corresponding center line
The diameter of point root node position, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree, m indicates father's coronary arterial tree, n table
Show the sub- coronary arterial tree of difference of m father's coronary arterial tree；
By taking main coronary artery bifurcated is two sub- coronary arterial trees as an example, d0For the caliber of main coronary artery, d01
And d02The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of described two level-one child node under respectively first bifurcation；
The total blood flow of left (right side) coronary artery, i.e. trunk l is calculated according to the profile of coronary arterial treemBlood flow
Measure Qm(m=0).Other branch flows coronarius are according to coronary arterial tree of above-mentioned judgement or so sequence, to one point
Left and right branch flow under fork is allocated according to certain rule, and the blood flow of two sub- coronary arterial trees can use expression formula
(11) it indicates；
Wherein, m is the name attribute of a upper branch, and n=1 indicates that left branch, n=2 indicate right branch, be so recycled to
Distribute the flow of all coronary arterial trees；
According to coronary arterial tree classification and the top-down allocation rule of coronary blood flow, first is obtained respectively
The coronary arterial tree diameter of second node of the left and right branch under a bifurcation, is calculated branch l01And l02Blood flow
Amount can use expression formula (12) and (13) to indicate respectively；
Branch l01Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained011And l012, according to same allocation rule, branch l is calculated011And
l012Blood flow, expression formula (14) and (15) can be used to indicate respectively；
Equally, branch l02Bifurcated is carried out, branch l is obtained021And l022, according to same allocation rule, branch is calculated
l021And l022Blood flow, expression formula (16) and (17) can be used to indicate respectively；
If branch l011、l012、l021And l022There is further bifurcated, then continues to press according to above-mentioned coronary artery classification principle
Distribute the blood flow of branch, junior step by step according to crotch diameter, so circulation continues, until bifurcated, i.e. this point is not present in the branch
Branch outlet is that coronary arterial tree exports, then the corresponding blood flow of the branch is coronary arterial tree exit blood flow amount.
Further, corresponding to each discrete point on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Coronary arterial tree diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；The fitting of the first diameter matched curve
When function slope is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the corresponding coronary artery of the center line root crossover location discrete point point
Branch diameter carries out repair process；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Stenosis rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；Using default matching rule, to described coronal dynamic
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of remaining each discrete point carries out linear fit on arteries and veins branch hub line, obtains second diameter
Matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；The center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding
When stenosis rate is higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, by default reparation rule, to the center line root crossover location discrete point
Corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter carries out repair process.；
Here, the center line root crossover location discrete point is that father's coronary arterial tree intersects with sub- coronary arterial tree
Position, the discrete point of sub- coronary arterial tree.
Specifically, coronary arterial tree center line of the comparison by three-dimensional coronary data reduction, i.e. coronary arterial tree
Keel and initial three-dimensional coronary artery point Yun Faxian, coronary arterial tree bifurcation region discrete point, i.e., keel node is equivalent straight
Diameter causes the diameter obtained inaccurate because difficulty in computation is big, and outlet branches end may also due to contrast medium concentration reduction
Lead to the equivalent diameter true coronary arterial tree diameter less than normal extracted.In addition, according to the three-dimensional coronary of CTA image reconstruction
In bifurcated root stenotic lesion may occur for model discovery, coronary arterial tree.If the diameter of crotch is directly taken to distribute
Coronary flow may generate large error, cause microcirculation drag evaluation in coronary arterial tree end inaccurate, in turn
FFR is caused to calculate inaccuracy.It can be by determining coronary arterial tree narrow location and repairing the narrow situation in crossover location；
It is preferred, therefore, that can be straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of discrete point each on coronary arterial tree center line
Before diameter carries out linear fit, the method also includes: according to default rejecting rule, reject coronary arterial tree preset length
Discrete point；The default rejecting rule can be arranged according to arteria coronaria model actual conditions, to coronary arterial tree crosspoint
And/or end is rejected；The preset length can be arranged according to coronary arterial tree unusual condition, such as 1mm or 2mm；
Specifically, being rejected to coronary arterial tree head and the tail abnormal point.Compare crotch keel node and true coronal
The discovery of arterial branch bifurcation region, coronary arterial tree trunk have keel node, the bifurcated branches of 1mm or so to have 2mm's or so
Keel node is in bifurcated Delta Region.For coronary arterial tree trunk, the keel node in the 1mm of end is rejected, for interior
Part is propped up, and head and the tail reject the keel node in 2mm and 1mm respectively, same to reject in head and the tail 2mm and 1mm for outlet branches
Keel node, as new branch's keel node.
Further, the coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out EMD, and EMD result is greater than
When preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as on coronary arterial tree center line
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point；
Specifically, being filtered to the equivalent diameter of coronary arterial tree keel node.It is longer for branch coronal dynamic
Arteries and veins, i.e. length are greater than the coronary arterial tree of default branch length, using EMD method respectively to different branch's coronary arterial trees
Equivalent diameter carries out EMD, and different mode is generated after decomposition, for being less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of two mode, this point
Branch diameter remains unchanged, and diameter sequence is denoted as Diameteremd；Otherwise, a maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, by residual mode
State data are added to obtain new coronary arterial tree keel diameter sequence D iameteremd；Wherein, default branch length takes 20
Keel node.Be less than or equal to the coronary arterial tree of 20 nodes for keel node, then it is same to remember diameter sequence without filtering
Arrange Diameteremd；
Here, described using default matching rule, the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point is carried out linear
Fitting includes: to be indicated using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit using following expression
It is fitted obtained curve: the first diameter matched curve can be fitted using identical approximating method and second diameter fitting is bent
Line；First diameter matched curve and second diameter matched curve can use the fitting expression of same form；
In general, normal coronary arterial tree, the diameter at Self-crossover to end is decreasing sequence of numbers, i.e., fitting function is oblique
Rate is less than 0；It is possible, firstly, to which the coronary arterial tree diameter distribution to different branches is fitted, it is bent to obtain first diameter fitting
Line Diameter1polyfit, the linear function of the function fitted, can with expression formula (18) indicate；
Wherein, wherein DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p1It (1) is fitting function
Slope, p1(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated1(1) and p1It (2) is respectively p1=polyfit (Distanceemd,
Diameteremd, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DiameteremdIndicate that the corresponding coronary arterial tree of each discrete point is straight
Diameter sequence.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when > 0, as shown in figure 8, can primarily determine that coronary arterial tree is sent out in infall
Raw stenotic condition is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of the center line root crossover location discrete point by default reparation rule
Diameter carries out repair process；The reparation rule that sets can be distributed determination according to the diameter of coronary arterial tree, can use adjacent
It is fixed that discrete spot diameter repair to the corresponding diameter of crossover location discrete point.
Further, it can determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal using expression formula (19)
Arterial branch diameter；
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate same hat
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point of shape arterial branch center line end, n indicate the last one discrete point
Precedence, γ indicates the coronary arterial tree diameter difference of default adjacent discrete point.Discrete point be set to 0.25mm~
When 0.75mm, it is 0.0005mm~0.0015mm that γ value range, which can be set, and when discrete point interval takes 0.5mm, γ is taken
0.001mm；
As fitting function slope p1(1) when < 0, it can primarily determine that in infall narrow shape does not occur for coronary arterial tree
Condition does not need to be repaired；It can however not excluding there is a situation where that coronary arterial tree middle part is a wide range of narrow, coronal dynamic
Function slope p when occurring narrow in the middle part of arteries and veins branch1(1) the case where equally will appear less than 0；In order to reject narrow location diameter pair
The influence of fitting function can calculate the stenosis rate of current coronary arterial tree first with first time fitting function；
It can use Diameter1polyfitAnd DiameteremdDifference divided by Diameter1polyfitAs coronary artery
First diameter matched curve stenosis rate at branch stenosis, first diameter matched curve stenosis rate can use expression formula (20) table
Show；
Due to function slope p1(1) 0 < can not be occurred with the position of the narrow generation of Primary Location coronary arterial tree
Bifurcated root.Very low for narrow branch or stenosis is not present, the keel diameter function being fitted can be regarded as
The diameter of ideal coronary arterial tree is distributed, and there are the coronary arterial trees of Serious Stenosis for centre, because narrow deposits
It is that very close true coronary arterial tree diameter is distributed leading to fitting function not.Therefore, stenosis rate can be rejected and be greater than the
The discrete point of one default stenosis rate threshold value such as 50% obtains new diameter coronary arterial tree diameter sequence D iameternew, can
To be carried out using the identical approximating method of fitting first diameter matched curve to the coronary arterial tree diameter after rejecting discrete point
Fitting, obtains second diameter matched curve Diameter2polyfit, in conjunction with DiameternewAnd DistancenewFitting obtains
Diameter2polyfit, can be indicated with expression formula (21)；
Wherein, p2It (1) is fitting function slope, p2(2) fitting function intercept, p are indicated2(1) and p2It (2) is respectively p2=
polyfit(Distancenew,Diameternew, 1) and it is fitted two obtained constants, DistancenewIndicate each on center line
The precedence sequence of discrete point, i.e., the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line.The polyfit () indicates fitting function；This
In expression formula (18) and (21) be identical calculation method, only wherein variable is different.
Recycle Diamete2polyfitAnd DiameternewDifference divided by Diamete2polyfitAs coronary arterial tree
The second diameter matched curve stenosis rate, can with expression formula (22) indicate；
Here, the stenosis rate of the first diameter matched curve and the stenosis rate of second diameter matched curve characterize respectively
It is coronary arterial tree by rejecting the stenosis rate before and after stenosis rate is greater than the first default stenosis rate threshold value discrete point.By two
After secondary fitting, for the stenosis rate of cross-point locations, then determine that generation is narrow if it is greater than the second default stenosis rate threshold value.By pre-
If reparation rule, repair process is carried out to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point；
The method and above-mentioned use expression formula (19) repaired determine that the center line root crossover location discrete point is corresponding coronal
The method of arterial branch diameter is consistent, and which is not described herein again.
In this way, being repaired to obtain new point to coronary arterial tree bifurcated root there are narrow coronary arterial tree
Equivalent diameter at fork, the blood flow of the subsequent direct distribution coronary arterial tree according to reparation, improves coronary arterial tree stream
Measure the accuracy of distribution.
Further, the stenosis that can also mark coronary arterial tree, refers to for medical worker.Here it is possible to
Search the corresponding stenosis rate maximum of different coronary arterial trees, it is clinical general to be concerned about that stenosis rate is higher than certain threshold value such as 50%
Therefore coronary artery Main Branches reject stenosis rate from the maximum of these coronary arterial trees and are less than the very big of the threshold value
Value is greater than stenosis rate the maximum of the threshold value, obtains and positions the maximum coordinate on coronary arterial tree keel, from
Narrow coordinate points respectively forwardly and backward search for coronary arterial tree keel node, until corresponding stenosis rate is less than or equal to one
Definite value, such as 10%, mark and record the farthest coronary arterial tree keel node of the narrow point of longitudinal separation, and calculate both ends keel
Node along keel direction distance, as narrow length StenosisLength.Narrow information can be supplied to medical matters people
Member is referred to.
Step 103 determines that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point according to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance of branch；
Here, it in conjunction with pressure, blood flow and the relationship of vascular resistence under coronary artery quiescent condition, calculates under quiescent condition
The resistance of the corresponding downstream coronary arterial tree microcirculation of normal coronary difference branch outlet.The default blood outlet can
To determine according to coronary arterial tree end diameter, blood outlet diameter can be preset, coronary arterial tree end is less than default
Blood outlet diameter determines that coronary arterial tree is that default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.Default blood outlet is straight
Diameter can be 1~2mm.
Preferably, AoMP power can be subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central vein
Pressure, obtain coronary arterial tree end to tail vein pressure difference；By the coronary artery pressure divided by the outlet pair of default blood
The quotient of the blood flow for the coronary arterial tree answered, is determined as under quiescent condition, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary artery
The microcirculation resistance of branch
Specifically, in the case where external membrane of heart blood vessel does not have narrow, the epicardial coronary arteries pressure of clinical measurement normal person
Drop can take 1mmHg in 1~2mmHg, and taking coronary artery inlet pressure is AoMP Pa=90mmHg, coronary artery
Microcirculation remote pressure, i.e. central venous pressure Pd=6.25mmHg, therefore coronary arterial tree end is to the pressure difference of tail vein
Δ P=((Pa-1)-Pd)=82.75mmHg.According to Δ P=Q × Rr, the Q is that default blood exports corresponding coronary artery point
The blood flow of branch, then under quiescent condition, the microcirculation resistance of each branches end
Finally according to coronary artery under the microcirculation resistance of coronary arterial tree under preset quiescent condition and congestive state
The proportionality coefficient of the microcirculation resistance of branch, obtains under congestive state, and the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree
Microcirculation resistance；According to preset proportionality coefficient such as 0.24, the coronary arterial tree end under congestive state is calculated
Microcirculation resistance Rh=0.24Rr.In this way, completing the microcirculation drag evaluation of each branch's coronary artery end.
Based on the method, the classification of true coronary arterial tree and resistance are shown as shown in figure 8, being calculated by CFD
Coronary artery FFR distribution.
Name and resistance figure for true coronary artery carinal dot shown in Fig. 9 carry out the coronary artery left side obtained after FFR calculating point
Branch FFR calculated result figure is as shown in Figure 10.For the true coronary artery carinal dot after Figure 11 reparation discrete spot diameter of crossover location
It is as shown in figure 12 to carry out the coronary artery obtained after FFR calculating or so branch's FFR calculated result for name and resistance figure.
In this way, the method by distributing step by step, it is each to accurately calculate coronary artery according to the diameter of coronary artery crotch branch root
The flow of branch obtains the accurate resistance of each outlet of coronary arterial tree, and then it is accurate to improve FFRCT technology calculated result
Property.
The above, only highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, it is all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (22)
1. a kind of determination method of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
According to 3-dimensional image model coronarius, establishes that each coronary arterial tree is corresponding and be made of discrete point
Heart line；According to the connection relationship of each center line, the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree is determined；
According to the hierarchical relationship of each coronary arterial tree and the corresponding hat of each center line root crossover location discrete point
Shape arterial branch diameter determines the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule；
According to the blood flow of each coronary arterial tree, determine that default blood exports the microcirculation resistance of corresponding coronary arterial tree
Power.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the connection relationship according to each center line, really
The hierarchical relationship of fixed each coronary arterial tree, comprising:
According to the cross-connection relationship of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point and default direction of flow of blood, hat is determined
Shape arterial branch hierarchical relationship；
The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary arterial tree from father's coronary arterial tree.
3. being determined each coronal dynamic the method according to claim 1, wherein described use default allocation rule
The blood flow of arteries and veins branch, comprising:
The total blood volume of coronary artery is calculated using following expression:
Qcor=Q0Mmyo 0.75
Wherein, QcorIndicate the total blood flow of coronary artery；Q0Indicate predetermined coefficient, MmyoIndicate myocardium of left ventricle quality；
Account for the default distribution of coronary artery whole blood flow respectively according to arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines arteria coroaria sinistra and the respective blood flow of arteria coronaria dextra；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is indicated with expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, dmnIndicate the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree in respective corresponding center line discrete point root
The diameter of node location, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the blood flow according to each coronary arterial tree, really
Surely default blood exports the microcirculation resistance of corresponding coronary arterial tree, comprising:
AoMP power is subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central venous pressure, obtains coronary artery
Pressure difference of the branches end to tail vein；
The pressure difference of the coronary arterial tree end to tail vein is exported into corresponding coronary arterial tree divided by default blood
Blood flow quotient, be determined as the microcirculation resistance that the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method also includes:
It is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of discrete point each on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the center line root
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of crossover location discrete point carries out repair process.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the method also includes:
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the narrow of the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；
Using default matching rule, coronary artery corresponding to each discrete point remaining on the coronary arterial tree center line
Branch's diameter carries out linear fit, obtains second diameter matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；
When the center line root crossover location discrete point corresponds to stenosis rate higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, repaired by default
Rule carries out repair process to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point.
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that it is described using default matching rule, to each discrete point
Corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter carries out linear fit, comprising:
Using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit, it is fitted using following expression expression
The curve arrived:
Diameterpolyfit=p (1) Distanceemd+p(2)
Wherein, DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p (1) indicates fitting function slope, p (2)
Indicate fitting function intercept, DiameteremdIndicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point.
8. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that it is described by default reparation rule, to the center line root
Crossover location discrete point corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter in portion's carries out repair process, comprising:
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point is determined using following expression:
d1=dn+(n-1)γ
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate center line end
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point, n indicate the precedence of discrete point, and γ indicates default adjacent discrete point
Coronary arterial tree diameter difference.
9. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that described before the fitting first diameter matched curve
Method further include:
According to default rejecting rule, the discrete point of coronary arterial tree preset length is rejected.
10. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that institute is to each discrete on coronary arterial tree center line
Before the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of point carries out linear fit, the method also includes:
The coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out empirical mode decomposition EMD；
When EMD result is greater than preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as coronal
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point on arterial branch center line.
11. a kind of determining device of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, which is characterized in that described device include: model processing modules,
First determining module and the second determining module, wherein
The model processing modules, for establishing each coronary arterial tree difference according to 3-dimensional image model coronarius
The corresponding center line being made of discrete point；According to the connection relationship of each center line, each coronary arterial tree is determined
Hierarchical relationship；
First determining module, for according to each coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship and each center line root
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of crossover location discrete point determines each coronary arterial tree using default allocation rule
Blood flow；
Second determining module determines that default blood outlet is corresponding for the blood flow according to each coronary arterial tree
The microcirculation resistance of coronary arterial tree.
12. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the model processing modules are specifically used for:
According to the cross-connection relationship of each coronary arterial tree center line discrete point and default direction of flow of blood, hat is determined
Shape arterial branch hierarchical relationship；
The coronary arterial tree hierarchical relationship includes father's coronary arterial tree and sub- coronary arterial tree；
The default direction of flow of blood flows to sub- coronary arterial tree from father's coronary arterial tree.
13. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that first determining module is specifically used for:
The total blood volume of coronary artery is calculated using following expression:
Qcor=Q0Mmyo 0.75
Wherein, QcorIndicate the total blood flow of coronary artery；Q0Indicate predetermined coefficient, MmyoIndicate myocardium of left ventricle quality；
Account for the default distribution of coronary artery whole blood flow respectively according to arteria coroaria sinistra blood flow and arteria coronaria dextra blood flow
Example ratio, determines arteria coroaria sinistra and the respective blood flow of arteria coronaria dextra；
The blood flow of each coronary arterial tree is indicated with expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, dmnIndicate the sub- coronary arterial tree for belonging to same father's coronary arterial tree in respective corresponding center line discrete point root
The diameter of node location, QmIndicate total blood flow of father's coronary arterial tree.
14. device according to claim 13, which is characterized in that second determining module is specifically used for:
AoMP power is subtracted to the difference of epicardial coronary arteries pressure drop, then subtracts central venous pressure, obtains coronary artery
Pressure difference of the branches end to tail vein；
The pressure difference of the coronary arterial tree end to tail vein is exported into corresponding coronary arterial tree divided by default blood
Blood flow quotient, be determined as the microcirculation resistance that the default blood exports corresponding coronary arterial tree.
15. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that described device further includes correction module；The amendment mould
Block is used for:
It is straight to the corresponding coronary arterial tree of discrete point each on the coronary arterial tree center line using default matching rule
Diameter carries out linear fit, obtains first diameter matched curve；
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is greater than 0, by default reparation rule, to the center line root
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of crossover location discrete point carries out repair process.
16. device according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the correction module is also used to:
When the fitting function slope of the first diameter matched curve is less than 0, the narrow of the first diameter matched curve is calculated
Rate rejects the discrete point that stenosis rate is higher than the first default stenosis rate threshold value；
Using default matching rule, coronary artery corresponding to each discrete point remaining on the coronary arterial tree center line
Branch's diameter carries out linear fit, obtains second diameter matched curve, and calculate the stenosis rate of the second diameter matched curve；
When the center line root crossover location discrete point corresponds to stenosis rate higher than the second default stenosis rate threshold value, repaired by default
Rule carries out repair process to the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point.
17. device according to claim 15 or 16, which is characterized in that the correction module is specifically used for:
Using the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of each discrete point described in linear fit, it is fitted using following expression expression
The curve arrived:
Diameterpolyfit=p (1) Distanceemd+p(2)
Wherein, DistanceemdIndicate the precedence sequence of each discrete point on center line, p (1) indicates fitting function slope, p (2)
Indicate fitting function intercept, DiameteremdIndicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point.
18. device according to claim 15 or 16, which is characterized in that the correction module is specifically used for:
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the center line root crossover location discrete point is determined using following expression:
d1=dn+(n-1)γ
Wherein, d1Indicate the corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of center line root crossover location discrete point, dnIndicate center line end
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter of the last one discrete point, n indicate the precedence of discrete point, and γ indicates default adjacent discrete point
Coronary arterial tree diameter difference.
19. device according to claim 15 or 16, which is characterized in that the correction module is also used to:
According to default rejecting rule, the discrete point of coronary arterial tree preset length is rejected.
20. device according to claim 15 or 16, which is characterized in that the correction module is also used to:
The coronary arterial tree diameter for being greater than default branch length to length carries out EMD；
When EMD result is greater than preset mode, maximum mode is fluctuated in removal, and remaining modal data is added, and is determined as coronal
The corresponding coronary arterial tree diameter sequence of each discrete point on arterial branch center line.
21. a kind of storage medium, is stored thereon with executable program, which is characterized in that the executable code processor is held
It is realized when row as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 the step of the determination method of coronary artery microcirculation resistance.
22. a kind of determining device of coronary artery microcirculation resistance, including processor, memory and storage are on a memory and energy
Enough there is the executable program of the processor operation, which is characterized in that the processor executes when running the executable program
As described in any one of claims 1 to 10 the step of the determination method of coronary artery microcirculation resistance.
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