CN109767591B - Forest fire prevention early warning system and method - Google Patents
Forest fire prevention early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109767591B CN109767591B CN201910176840.6A CN201910176840A CN109767591B CN 109767591 B CN109767591 B CN 109767591B CN 201910176840 A CN201910176840 A CN 201910176840A CN 109767591 B CN109767591 B CN 109767591B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire prevention, in particular to a forest fire prevention early warning system and a forest fire prevention early warning method. The method comprises the following steps: the first monitoring assemblies are arranged at intervals and comprise a holder and an image acquisition part arranged on the holder; m second monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each second monitoring assembly comprises a mounting piece, a fire condition monitoring unit and a fire triggering condition monitoring unit; the processing unit is in signal connection with the first monitoring assembly and the second monitoring assembly and is used for judging the firework area on the image acquired by the image acquisition piece and starting the fire monitoring unit at the position of the firework area to obtain the fire information monitored by the fire monitoring unit; n is an integer larger than 0, M is an integer larger than 1, the distance between adjacent first monitoring assemblies is L, L is larger than or equal to 1KM and smaller than or equal to 10KM, the distance between adjacent second monitoring assemblies is S, and S is larger than or equal to 20M and smaller than or equal to 50M, so that the position and the range of a firework area can be determined quickly and accurately, and the problems in the prior art are solved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of forest fire prevention, in particular to a forest fire prevention early warning system and a forest fire prevention early warning method.
Background art:
forest fires have great harm to the ecological environment and can cause great loss to production economy, so that the investment of early warning and monitoring of forest fires is increased more and more. At present, the following modes are mainly adopted in forest fire prevention monitoring;
1) video monitoring, namely installing an iron tower in a forest, fixing a monitoring screen on the iron tower, acquiring a forest real-time image through a monitoring video, transmitting the forest real-time image to a monitoring room, and monitoring the fire condition in a manual monitoring mode;
2) the unmanned aerial vehicle cruises, and a fire area is searched through periodical cruises of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
3) and monitoring by adopting satellite remote sensing.
The method adopts a video monitoring mode, if the video monitoring area is large, the monitoring precision is easily reduced, the firework position is difficult to accurately determine, and if the video monitoring area is small, the video monitoring needs capital construction projects such as an iron tower and a machine room, so that the cost is high, and the maintenance is difficult; by adopting the cruising mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the flight stability and the cruising ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle are difficult to ensure the cruising of a large-area forest, and the fire condition is easy to appear in the cruising interval time; the method of satellite remote sensing monitoring needs special satellites and receiving equipment, has higher cost and is difficult to quickly find the tiny ignition points. Therefore, the existing forest fire prevention monitoring equipment and method cannot effectively meet the requirements.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a forest fire prevention early warning system and a forest fire prevention early warning method, which can quickly and accurately determine the position and the range of a firework area and solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a forest fire prevention early warning system, comprising:
the system comprises N first monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each first monitoring assembly comprises a holder and an image acquisition part arranged on the holder;
m second monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each second monitoring assembly comprises a mounting piece, a fire condition monitoring unit and a fire triggering condition monitoring unit;
the processing unit is in signal connection with the first monitoring assembly and the second monitoring assembly and is used for judging the firework area on the image acquired by the image acquisition piece and starting the fire monitoring unit at the position of the firework area to obtain the fire information monitored by the fire monitoring unit;
n is an integer larger than 0, M is an integer larger than 1, the distance between the adjacent first monitoring assemblies is L, L is larger than or equal to 1KM and smaller than or equal to 10KM, the distance between the adjacent second monitoring assemblies is S, and S is larger than or equal to 20M and smaller than or equal to 50M.
Further, the image acquisition part comprises a thermal imager and a camera.
Further, the ignition condition monitoring unit comprises a humidity sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor and a temperature sensor, and the fire condition monitoring unit comprises a smoke sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and an image sensor.
Furthermore, the second monitoring assembly further comprises a main control chip, a signal receiving and transmitting module and a timing module, wherein the main control chip is connected with the fire condition monitoring unit and the ignition condition monitoring unit at the same time.
Further, the installed part includes curved collar, at the connecting piece of collar opening part, the system includes a plurality of fire monitoring unit, and each fire monitoring unit follows the collar interval sets up.
Furthermore, the mounting ring is the major arc, and the middle section of mounting ring rotates the connection.
Further, a pressure sensor is arranged on the inner side of the mounting ring.
The invention also provides a forest fire prevention early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the first monitoring component and the second monitoring component in a forest;
s2, the image acquisition part rotates to acquire a forest real-time image, and the processing unit acquires the forest real-time image and performs smoke and fire detection;
meanwhile, the ignition condition monitoring unit acquires data at intervals and sends the acquired data to the processing unit;
s3, detecting a firework area on the forest real-time image;
s4, starting the fire monitoring unit at the smoke and fire area, monitoring the fire, and sending monitoring information to the processing unit;
and S5, the processing unit accurately judges the fire position and the fire range according to the information monitored by the fire monitoring unit.
Further, the S1 includes:
s11, setting a plurality of shooting angles in the circumferential direction of the holder, so that the holder drives the image acquisition part to acquire real-time images at the shooting angles;
s12, the image acquisition piece rotates and acquires images at each shooting angle respectively to obtain a reference image;
s13, establishing a plane coordinate grid based on the reference image, and establishing a comparison library between actual position information of a forest area at a meeting point of the plane coordinate grid and on-map coordinates of the coordinate grid;
the S3 includes:
s31, searching a corresponding reference image according to the angle of the image acquisition piece during the forest real-time image acquisition;
and S32, comparing the forest real-time image with the reference image, searching a coordinate grid intersection point closest to the edge of the firework area, and sequentially connecting the coordinate grid intersection points in series to form the actual position information of the firework area.
Further, the S1 includes:
s11, setting a plurality of shooting angles in the circumferential direction of the holder, so that the holder drives the image acquisition part to acquire real-time images at the shooting angles;
s12, the image acquisition piece rotates and acquires images at each shooting angle respectively to obtain a reference image;
s13, determining the position of each second monitoring assembly on the reference image;
the S3 includes:
s31, searching a corresponding reference image according to the angle of the image acquisition piece during the forest real-time image acquisition;
and S32, comparing the forest real-time image with the reference image, and searching for a second monitoring assembly at the smoke and fire area.
The firework display device has the beneficial effects that the position and the range of the firework area can be rapidly and accurately determined, and the problems in the prior art are solved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first monitoring assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second monitoring assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second monitoring assembly according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a tripod head; 2. a thermal imager; 3. a camera; 4. a humidity sensor; 5. a wind speed and direction sensor; 6. a temperature sensor; 7. a smoke sensor; 8. an infrared temperature sensor; 9. image sensing; 10. a main control chip; 11. a signal transceiving module; 12. a timing module; 13. a mounting ring; 14. a connecting member; 15. a pressure sensor.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and a forest fire prevention early warning system includes:
the system comprises N first monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each first monitoring assembly comprises a holder 1 and an image acquisition part arranged on the holder 1;
m second monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each second monitoring assembly comprises a mounting piece, a fire condition monitoring unit and a fire triggering condition monitoring unit;
the processing unit is in signal connection with the first monitoring assembly and the second monitoring assembly and is used for judging the pressure sensor 15 on the image acquired by the image acquisition piece, starting the fire monitoring unit at the position of the pressure sensor 15 and acquiring the fire information monitored by the fire monitoring unit;
n is an integer larger than 0, M is an integer larger than 1, the distance between the adjacent first monitoring assemblies is L, L is larger than or equal to 1KM and smaller than or equal to 10KM, the distance between the adjacent second monitoring assemblies is S, and S is larger than or equal to 20M and smaller than or equal to 50M.
When the forest fire prevention early warning system is used, under normal conditions, the image acquisition piece on the monitoring holder 1 rotates and acquires real-time images of a forest, the acquired real-time images are sent to the processing unit, meanwhile, the processing unit receives the real-time images and then conducts fire and smoke judgment, if a fire and smoke area is judged to be generated, the position information of the fire and smoke area is determined preliminarily, then the processing unit sends an instruction to the second monitoring assembly at the position area, the fire monitoring unit is started to conduct fire monitoring, fire information is acquired, and after the processing unit acquires the fire information sent by the second monitoring assembly, the position and the range of the fire and smoke area are judged accurately.
The forest fire monitoring system is also provided with a fire condition monitoring unit, so that the fire condition in the forest can be periodically monitored under normal conditions to judge the fire condition in the forest and prevent in advance.
According to the invention, on the basis of ensuring that the first monitoring assemblies have certain spacing distance and the monitoring areas of the first monitoring assemblies, the construction and maintenance costs of the first monitoring assemblies are reduced, and the position and the range of a smoke and fire area can be accurately determined through the second monitoring assemblies, so that the forest fire prevention requirement can be effectively met;
in addition, in the invention, the ignition condition information of each position area in the forest can be obtained through the second monitoring component, so that the potential ignition range of each position area can be judged, and the potential ignition range can be prevented and monitored in advance.
Further specifically, in the present embodiment, the image capturing element includes a thermal imager 2 and a camera 3. Therefore, the camera 3 can be used for shooting implementation images in the forest in real time, and the thermal imaging images in the forest can be obtained in real time through the thermal imager.
Further specifically, the ignition condition monitoring unit comprises a humidity sensor 4, a wind speed and direction sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 6, and the fire condition monitoring unit comprises a smoke sensor 7, an infrared temperature sensor 8 and an image sensor 9.
In the invention, because the ignition condition monitoring unit comprises the humidity sensor 4, the wind speed and direction sensor 5 and the temperature sensor 6, the air humidity, the temperature and the wind speed can be respectively divided into a plurality of ignition condition grades, so that the air humidity information, the wind speed, the wind direction information and the air temperature information at the position of each second monitoring assembly in the forest can be obtained, the ignition condition at the position can be judged, the ignition condition grades are divided, and corresponding precautionary measures are made. And, the monitoring unit includes smoke transducer 7, infrared temperature sensor 8, image sensor 9, when the condition of a fire was monitored, the accessible three sensor was to the condition of a fire information monitoring, wherein can acquire the smog information and the temperature change condition in the air through smoke transducer 7 and infrared temperature sensor 8, if monitor the smog information in the air, or infrared temperature sensor 8 monitors after the temperature rises certain number of degrees, judge this region and catch fire, the image that obtains through image sensor 9 simultaneously, can further judge the condition of a fire.
In a preferred embodiment, after acquiring the real-time images acquired by the camera 3 and the thermal imager 2, the processing unit may display the real-time images through the display screen, determine whether a firework area exists by checking, if so, approximately determine the position of the firework area, and then start the fire monitoring unit of the second monitoring assembly at the corresponding position to monitor the fire.
Or, after the processing unit acquires the real-time images of the camera 3 and the thermal imager 2, for the image acquired by the camera 3, the existing smoke and fire identification and detection method can be applied to the processing unit, smoke and fire identification and detection are performed in the image, and for the image acquired by the thermal imager 2, the existing infrared imaging smoke and fire detection method can be applied to the processing unit for detection, so that automatic smoke and fire detection can be realized, and after smoke and fire information is detected, the processing unit can send an alarm instruction to the set alarm module to remind people of the occurrence of smoke and fire conditions.
Further specifically, the second monitoring assembly further comprises a main control chip 10, a signal transceiver module 11 and a timing module 12, wherein the main control chip 10 is connected with the fire monitoring unit and the ignition condition monitoring unit at the same time. Therefore, the ignition condition monitoring unit can be periodically started through the main control chip 10 and the timing module 12, and the information acquired by the ignition condition monitoring unit is sent to the processing unit through the signal transceiving module 11. The fire monitoring units can send the ignition condition information to the processing unit in a staggered mode, and therefore requirements for signal access, processing and storage capacity of the processing unit can be lowered.
In this embodiment, the signal transceiver module 11 is a GPRS module, the stm325 is an optional master-hole chip, and the corresponding processing unit further includes a GPRS module, a memory module, a display module, an input module, and a processor module.
Therefore, in the invention, the first monitoring component is used for monitoring the overall forest fire, the fire condition monitoring unit is periodically started, and the fire condition monitoring unit is started only after the processing unit sends an instruction, so that the use frequency and the use duration of the second monitoring component can be reduced, the use loss of each component of the second monitoring component is reduced, the energy consumption of each component of the second monitoring component is reduced, the use stability of the overall system is improved, and the maintenance difficulty of the overall system is reduced.
In the preferred embodiment, the processing unit comprises a signal transceiver module 11, a central processing unit and a display unit, wherein the signal transceiver module is in signal connection with the first monitoring component and the second monitoring component. If the smoke and fire detection method is preset in the central processing unit of the processing unit, the smoke and fire detection system further comprises an alarm module for alarming to the outside when smoke and fire information is detected, and the sound and light alarm module or the wireless alarm module can be specifically selected.
It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, the first monitoring component and the second monitoring component are respectively provided with a Beidou module, so that the first monitoring component and the second monitoring component send position information to the processing unit while sending information, and the Beidou module can be used for broadcasting short messages, and after the fire monitoring unit acquires the fire information, the fire information is transmitted to the processing unit through the Beidou module.
Further specifically speaking, the mounting part comprises an arc-shaped mounting ring 13 and a connecting piece 14 arranged at the opening of the mounting ring 13, the system comprises a plurality of fire monitoring units, and the fire monitoring units are arranged at intervals along the mounting ring 13. Thus, when installing the second monitoring assembly, a tree can be selected as the installation point, and then the installation ring 13 is clamped on the tree and connected through the connecting piece 14, thereby facilitating the installation of the second monitoring assembly. Moreover, through setting up a plurality of fire monitoring units for each fire monitoring unit interval sets up on collar 13, still can increase the visual angle of fire monitoring, especially to infrared temperature sensor 8, image sensor 9, can realize being close to 360 monitoring.
In a preferred embodiment, the mounting ring 13 is a major arc and is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting ring 13.
In this embodiment, the connecting member 14 is preferably an elastic rubber band, so that the influence of the mounting member on the growth of the tree can be reduced. The rubber bandage and the mounting ring can be connected in a binding mode or bonded.
In order to prevent the falling of the installation part from influencing the use, monitor the fixing condition between the installation ring 13 and the tree and prevent the installation ring 13 from being propped up due to the growth of the tree, the further optimization is that the inner side of the installation ring 13 is also provided with a pressure sensor 15. Therefore, after the tree grows, when the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 15 between the mounting ring 13 and the tree is greater than a set threshold value, the mounting ring 13 needs to be adjusted; if the pressure between the collar 13 and the tree suddenly decreases, it is an indication that the collar 13 is loose or has fallen off, requiring the collar 13 to be re-secured.
In a preferred embodiment, the second monitoring assembly may also be provided biomimetically, for example by providing the mounting ring 13 in the form of a vine.
For the power supply of the second monitoring assembly, the second monitoring assembly is periodically started, so that the energy consumption is low, and the wind-solar integrated power generation assembly is adopted to supply power in the embodiment, so that the use requirement can be met.
The invention also provides a forest fire prevention early warning method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a first monitoring component in the forest and a second monitoring component in the forest, wherein the first monitoring component is described in the embodiment;
in a preferred embodiment, the first monitoring assembly and the second monitoring assembly can be arranged in a matrix mode, so that no dead angle coverage of the whole forest can be realized.
S2, the image acquisition part rotates to acquire a forest real-time image, and the processing unit acquires the forest real-time image and performs smoke and fire detection;
meanwhile, the ignition condition monitoring unit acquires data at intervals and sends the acquired data to the processing unit;
s3, if a smoke and fire area is detected on the forest real-time image, the processing unit acquires the position information of the smoke and fire area;
s4, starting the fire monitoring unit at the firework position information, monitoring fire, and sending monitoring information to the processing unit;
and S5, the processing unit accurately judges the fire position and the fire range according to the information monitored by the fire monitoring unit.
For determining the pyrotechnic region location information, in a preferred embodiment, the S1 includes:
s11, setting a plurality of shooting angles in the circumferential direction of the cloud deck 1, so that the cloud deck 1 drives the image acquisition piece to acquire real-time images at each shooting angle;
s12, the image acquisition piece rotates and acquires images at each shooting angle respectively to obtain a reference image;
s13, establishing a plane coordinate grid based on the reference image, and establishing a comparison library by comparing the actual position information of the forest region at the intersection point of the plane coordinate grid with the on-graph coordinates of the coordinate grid;
the S3 includes:
s31, searching a corresponding reference image according to the angle of the image acquisition piece during the forest real-time image acquisition;
and S32, comparing the forest real-time image with the reference image, searching a coordinate grid intersection point closest to the edge of the firework area, and sequentially connecting the coordinate grid intersection points in series to form the actual position information of the firework area.
Or, as an alternative embodiment, the S1 includes:
s11, setting a plurality of shooting angles in the circumferential direction of the cloud deck 1, so that the cloud deck 1 drives the image acquisition piece to acquire real-time images at each shooting angle;
s12, the image acquisition piece rotates and acquires images at each shooting angle respectively to obtain a reference image;
s13, determining the position of each second monitoring assembly on the reference image;
the S3 includes:
s31, searching a corresponding reference image according to the angle of the image acquisition piece during the forest real-time image acquisition;
and S32, comparing the forest real-time image with the reference image, and searching for a second monitoring assembly at the smoke and fire area.
It should be noted that in a preferred embodiment, in order to prevent the presence of secondary sources of fire around the pyrotechnic zone, said S4 comprises:
s41, the real-time image is provided with X pixel points extending outwards from the edge of the firework area, the edge of the firework area is set to be a fire monitoring unit opening area after extending, and the fire monitoring unit in the fire monitoring unit opening area is opened to monitor fire.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A forest fire prevention early warning system, its characterized in that includes:
the system comprises N first monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each first monitoring assembly comprises a holder and an image acquisition part arranged on the holder;
m second monitoring assemblies arranged at intervals, wherein each second monitoring assembly comprises a mounting piece, a fire condition monitoring unit and a fire triggering condition monitoring unit;
the processing unit is in signal connection with the first monitoring assembly and the second monitoring assembly and is used for judging the firework area on the image acquired by the image acquisition piece and starting the fire monitoring unit at the position of the firework area to obtain the fire information monitored by the fire monitoring unit;
n is an integer larger than 0, M is an integer larger than 1, the distance between the adjacent first monitoring assemblies is L, L is more than or equal to 1KM and less than or equal to 10KM, the distance between the adjacent second monitoring assemblies is S, and S is more than or equal to 20M and less than or equal to 50M;
the image acquisition part comprises a thermal imager and a camera;
the fire condition monitoring unit comprises a humidity sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor and a temperature sensor, and the fire condition monitoring unit comprises a smoke sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and an image sensor;
the fire-prevention early warning system executes the following steps:
the image acquisition part rotates to acquire a forest real-time image, and the processing unit acquires the forest real-time image and performs smoke and fire detection;
meanwhile, the ignition condition monitoring unit acquires data at intervals and sends the acquired data to the processing unit;
detecting a smoke and fire area on the forest real-time image;
starting the fire monitoring unit at the smoke and fire area, monitoring the fire, and sending monitoring information to the processing unit;
the processing unit accurately judges the fire position and the fire range according to the information monitored by the fire monitoring unit;
the early warning system executes the following steps:
s1, setting the first monitoring component and the second monitoring component in a forest;
s2, the image acquisition part rotates to acquire a forest real-time image, and the processing unit acquires the forest real-time image and performs smoke and fire detection;
meanwhile, the ignition condition monitoring unit acquires data at intervals and sends the acquired data to the processing unit;
s3, detecting a firework area on the forest real-time image;
s4, starting the fire monitoring unit at the smoke and fire area, monitoring the fire, and sending monitoring information to the processing unit;
s5, the processing unit accurately judges the fire position and the fire range according to the information monitored by the fire monitoring unit;
the S1 includes:
s11, setting a plurality of shooting angles in the circumferential direction of the holder, so that the holder drives the image acquisition part to acquire real-time images at the shooting angles;
s12, the image acquisition piece rotates and acquires images at each shooting angle respectively to obtain a reference image;
s13, determining the position of each second monitoring assembly on the reference image;
the S3 includes:
s31, searching a corresponding reference image according to the angle of the image acquisition piece during the forest real-time image acquisition;
and S32, comparing the forest real-time image with the reference image, and searching for a second monitoring assembly at the smoke and fire area.
2. A forest fire prevention early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second monitoring assembly further comprises a main control chip, a signal receiving and transmitting module and a timing module, and the main control chip is connected with the fire condition monitoring unit and the ignition condition monitoring unit at the same time.
3. A forest fire prevention early warning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the installed part includes curved collar, at the connecting piece of collar opening part, the system includes a plurality of fire monitoring unit, and each fire monitoring unit follows the collar interval sets up.
4. A forest fire prevention early warning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the mounting ring is the major arc, just is in the middle section of mounting ring rotates the connection.
5. A forest fire prevention early warning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a pressure sensor is also arranged on the inner side of the mounting ring.
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| CN113658397A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-16 | 安徽建筑大学城市建设学院 | Forest fire monitoring and early warning system and device based on Beidou satellite and image recognition |
| CN114612828B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-12-02 | 中化学建设投资集团有限公司 | Construction site fire monitoring and early warning method based on image analysis |
| CN115273379A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-11-01 | 南方中金勘察设计有限公司 | Wisdom fire control management platform based on internet of things |
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