CN109766653B - Coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on discrete element method - Google Patents
Coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on discrete element method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method, which comprises the steps of carrying out multi-point sampling on a coal bed applied to a coal plough, and measuring the properties of a coal sample; determining a bonding parameter between coal particles in a simulated coal wall and a collision contact parameter between coal and a coal planer; converting a three-dimensional model of a whole coal planer into a step format, importing the step format into discrete element software, adjusting the position relation between the coal planer and the simulated coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model of a series of coal planer planing processes; the series of discrete element simulation models are adopted to respectively carry out response analysis on the planing depth, the planing speed, the number of the planing tools, the arrangement mode of the planing tools, the distance between the planing tools and the installation angle of the planing tools, and the comprehensive performance of the coal plough is analyzed according to the change rule, so that the research and development cost is greatly reduced, and the test safety and reliability are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and particularly relates to a coal planer comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method.
Background
Due to the characteristics of bad environment and complex working conditions of a coal plough working face, the instantaneous load borne by the coal plough has the characteristics of multivariable, strong coupling, time-varying property, complexity and the like, the underground planing test is difficult to test and has certain risks, and meanwhile, the test data is easy to interfere by the environment and the parameter identification difficulty is high. When a planing test is carried out in a laboratory, the characteristics of uneven coal rock hardness, uneven joint development and the like are difficult to embody by simulating a coal wall; the difference between the test environment and the working conditions in the underground coal mine and the size limitation of the coal wall enable the difference between the dynamic load in different forms and the actual coal bed to be larger in the form of stress waves in the transmission path of the coal rock mass, the mining space stress distribution during coal bed excavation and the actual coal bed, and information such as the coal rock mass micro deformation, the motion characteristics, the power transmission rule of the coal plough and the like in the coal rock crushing process under the disturbance action is difficult to obtain.
The coal rock planing and crushing process is a process under the multi-factor comprehensive action, a finite element method established on the basis of the traditional continuous medium mechanics is difficult to be directly used for calculating and simulating the specific coal rock slicing and crushing process, and the coal rock deformation and the nonlinear dynamics simulation of a coal planer are more difficult to realize under the multi-source disturbance action.
The conversion from a two-dimensional visual figure of the coal rock to a three-dimensional numerical model is realized by means of a Discrete Element (DEM) technology, and the three-dimensional discrete element model of the coal rock containing irregular density, structure, gaps and cracks can be established. The coal rock planing and crushing process under the action of internal stress and external disturbance can be obtained through the planing test of the discrete coal wall, the simulated dynamic process provides information which is often unavailable for people to gain insight and is very important in a physical experiment, and the planing process of the coal planer under multi-source disturbance can be repeatedly tested, so that the research and development cost is greatly reduced, and the test safety and reliability are improved. The invention aims to utilize the discrete element technology to carry out simulation analysis on the planing process of the coal planer, find the deformation and motion characteristics of the coal rock mass under the nonlinear external action, obtain information such as power transmission rules and the like in the coupling process of the planer tool and the coal wall and realize the analysis on the comprehensive performance of the coal planer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method comprises the following steps:
step 1: performing multi-point sampling on a coal bed applied to a coal planer, and determining the properties of a coal sample;
step 2: determining bonding parameters among coal particles in the simulated coal wall according to the coal sample property determination result in the step 1, and establishing a discrete element simulated coal wall with the length, width and height of l.m.n;
and step 3: determining collision contact parameters between coal and the coal planer according to the material properties and design parameters of the coal planer tool;
and 4, step 4: according to the design drawing of the coal plough, performing three-dimensional solid modeling on different parts of the coal plough and assembling into a three-dimensional model of a whole coal plough;
and 5: converting the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer into a step format, importing the step format into discrete element software, adjusting the position relation between the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer;
the position relation adjustment rule is as follows: the coal plough is along discrete unit simulation coal wall length direction distance discrete unit simulation coal wall has initial distance and is L, and L more than or equal to 0, coal plough direction of motion with it is parallel to be close to coal plough one side of discrete unit simulation coal wall, coal plough planer tool nose place the plane with it is H to be close to coal plough one side distance of discrete unit simulation coal wall, distance between coal plough top planer tool and the bottom planer tool with the height of simulation coal wall equals.
Step 5.1: the coal plough three-dimensional model is established through SolidWorks, the coal plough complete machine three-dimensional model is converted into a step format, then discrete element software is introduced, and then a discrete element simulation model of a series of coal plough planing processes is established, wherein the discrete element simulation model comprises the following steps: according to the bonding parameters among the coal particles, establishing a discrete element simulation coal wall matched with the size of the coal planer, importing the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer into discrete element software in a step format conversion mode, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a first discrete element model in the coal planer planing process;
step 5.2: setting the number of the plane cutters in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the number of the plane cutters into a step format, importing the number into the discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model II in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.3: arranging a planer tool arrangement mode in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool arrangement mode into a step format, importing the planer tool arrangement mode into the discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model III in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.4: setting a planer tool spacing in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool spacing into a step format, importing the planer tool spacing into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model IV in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.5: setting a planer tool installation angle in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool installation angle into a step format, importing the planer tool installation angle into the discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model V in the planing process of the coal planer;
and 6: simulating discrete element models of a series of planing processes of the coal planer with different planing speeds, planing depths, planing tool numbers, planing tool arrangement modes, planing tool intervals and planing tool installation angles, and respectively obtaining variation curves of the stress of the planing tools and planing heads along with the planing speeds, the planing depths, the planing tool arrangement modes, the planing tool intervals and the planing tool installation angles;
and 7: determining residual coal ridges on the surface of the coal wall after planing according to response analysis simulation results of discrete element models of the series of coal planer planing processes with different planing speeds, planing depths, planing tool numbers, planing tool arrangement modes, planing tool intervals and planing tool installation angles, and analyzing the performance of the coal planer by combining stress results of the planing tools and the planing heads to obtain a coal planer performance evaluation model;
step 7.1: the method comprises the steps of analyzing the motion distribution of coal particles, the stress change of a plough head and the loading rate of the plough head in the plough process of a series of coal ploughs by responding to a discrete element model of the plough process of the coal plough, extracting 6 components of the plough depth, the plough speed, the number of the plough blades, the arrangement mode of the plough blades, the distance between the plough blades and the installation angle of the plough blades of the coal plough as 6 components influencing the height of residual coal ridges on the surface of a coal wall after the plough is ploughed, the loading rate of the plough head, the plough head and the stress fluctuation of the plough blades based on a main component analysis method, extracting the influence weight of the 6 components on the performance of the coal plough, establishing a performance evaluation function of the coal plough, and simultaneously carrying out optimization design on the design parameters of the plough blades by utilizing a multi-objective optimization design method to obtain the ideal design parameters of the coal plough. The expression is shown in formulas 1-4:
F 1 ＝a 1 x 1 +a 2 x 2 +a 3 x 3 +a 4 x 4 +a 5 x 5 +a 6 x 6 (1)
F 2 ＝b 1 x 1 +b 2 x 2 +b 3 x 3 +b 4 x 4 +b 5 x 5 +b 6 x 6 (2)
F 3 ＝c 1 x 1 +c 2 x 2 +c 3 x 3 +c 4 x 4 +c 5 x 5 +c 6 x 6 (3)
F 4 ＝d 1 x 1 +d 2 x 2 +d 3 x 3 +d 4 x 4 +d 5 x 5 +d 6 x 6 (4)
in the formula F i (i-1, 2, …,4) corresponds to the normalized values of the height of the residual coal bed, the loading rate of the planer head, the planer head and the planer tool force fluctuation; x is the number of i (i-1, 2, …,6) is a value obtained by standardizing the planing depth, the planing speed, the number of planing tools, the arrangement of the planing tools, the distance between the planing tools, and the installation angle of the planing tools.
a i (i-1, 2, …,6) is the planing depthInfluence weight of the degree, the planing speed, the number of the planing tools, the arrangement mode of the planing tools, the distance between the planing tools and the installation angle of the planing tools on the height of the residual coal ridge; b is a mixture of i (i-1, 2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on the loading rate of the planing head; c. C i (i is 1,2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on planing head stress fluctuation; d i And (i ═ 1,2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing blade number, planing blade arrangement mode, planing blade spacing and planing blade installation angle on planing blade stress fluctuation.
Step 7.2: calculating the weight of 6 components to obtain a coal planer tool performance evaluation model:
F＝AF 1 +BF 2 +CF 3 +DF 4 (5)
in the formula, A corresponds to the weight of the height of the residual coal ridge in the coal planer performance evaluation model; b correspondingly represents the weight of the loading rate of the plough head in the coal plough performance evaluation model; c correspondingly represents the weight of the stress fluctuation of the plough head in the coal plough performance evaluation model; and D is the weight of the stress fluctuation of the planer tool in the coal planer performance evaluation model correspondingly.
As a preferred technical solution, the coal sample is sampled at multiple points at different positions of a coal seam applied to the coal planer, and the properties of the coal sample are determined according to the mean value of the property measurement data of different coal samples;
in the method, the soft ball contact model is adopted for simulating the coal particles in the coal wall, and the parameters of bonding among the coal particles and the parameters of collision contact between the coal particles and the coal plough comprise the following steps: density, modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, coefficient of restitution, normal stress, shear stress, bond radius, stiffness, static coefficient of friction, and dynamic coefficient of friction;
in the method, the size of the particle size of the coal particles in the simulated coal wall is smaller than the distance between the adjacent planing tools;
in the method, the design parameters of the planer tool of the coal planer comprise: the number of the plane knives, the arrangement mode of the plane knives, the width of the plane grooves, the distance between the plane knives and the installation angle of the plane knives;
in the method, response analysis is performed on the discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer in the planing depth, the planing speed, the number of the planing tools, the arrangement mode of the planing tools, the distance between the planing tools and the installation angle of the planing tools, and the response analysis specifically comprises the following steps: performing response analysis on the planing depth and the planing speed by using a discrete element model in the planing process of the coal planer; performing response analysis on the number of the planing tools by adopting a discrete element model in the planing process of the coal planer; carrying out response analysis on the arrangement mode of the planing tools by adopting a discrete element model in the planing process of the coal planer; response analysis is carried out on the space between the planing tools by adopting a discrete element model IV in the planing process of the coal planer; and carrying out response analysis on the installation angle of the planer tool by adopting the discrete element model in the planing process of the coal planer.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the invention can establish a coal rock three-dimensional discrete element model containing irregular density, structure, gap and crack by utilizing a discrete element computer simulation technology, can repeatedly test the planing process of the coal plough under multi-source disturbance, greatly reduces the research and development cost and improves the safety and reliability of the test. The simulation process can provide important information which can not be easily known by people in physical experiments, such as the planing and crushing processes of coal rocks under the action of internal stress and external disturbance, and meanwhile, the change rules of the properties of coal particles, such as movement of a planer tool, force of a planer head, head loading and the like, along with the structural parameters and the movement parameters of the coal planer in the crushing process of coal walls of the coal planer in the planing process can be obtained, and the reference can be provided for the improvement of the performance of the coal planer through the performance of the coal planer under the conditions of different parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a discrete element simulated coal wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional model of a coal plough machine according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a first discrete meta model of a planing process of a coal planer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a simulation state diagram of a first discrete meta-model of the planing process of the coal planer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of simulated coal wall surface coal ridge conditions during planing of the coal planer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a statistical state diagram of the loading performance of the plough head during the plough process of the coal plough according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the force applied to the planing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention as a function of planing depth.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the force applied to the planing tool as a function of planing speed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the variation of the force applied to the planing head with the arrangement of the planing tools according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a graph showing the variation of force applied to the planing head with the number of planing tools according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a graph of the force applied to the planing tool as a function of the distance between the planing tools according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a graph showing the variation of the force applied to the planing tool according to the present embodiment of the present invention with the installation angle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
a coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling the coal layer applied to the coal plough at multiple points, and measuring the properties of the coal sample, wherein the parameters for measurement comprise: the firmness coefficient, cohesion, tensile strength, compressive strength, elastic modulus, poisson's ratio and density of the coal samples are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 results of measuring properties of coal samples
Step 2: setting the particle size of the coal particles in the simulated coal wall according to the distance between the planer tools of the coal planer, determining the bonding parameters among the coal particles in the simulated coal wall according to the coal sample property measurement result by combining the Mohr-Coulomb theory, and establishing a discrete element simulated coal wall with the size of 6500mm multiplied by 1500mm multiplied by 800mm, as shown in figure 1;
and 3, step 3: determining collision contact parameters between coal and the coal planer according to the material properties and design parameters of the coal planer tool; including density, elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, coefficient of restitution, normal stress, shear stress, bond radius, stiffness, static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient, the relevant parameters in the discrete element model are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 associated parameters in discrete Meta-model
And 4, step 4: and according to the structural parameters of the coal plough, establishing a three-dimensional model of the planer tool and the whole coal plough by using SolidWorks, as shown in figure 2.
And 5: converting the three-dimensional model of the coal planer into a step format, introducing the step format into discrete element software containing the discrete element simulation coal wall, and adjusting the position relationship between the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, wherein the position relationship adjustment rule is as follows: the coal plough is followed discrete unit simulation coal wall length direction distance discrete unit simulation coal wall has initial distance and is L, and L more than or equal to 0, coal plough direction of motion with it is parallel to be close to coal plough one side of discrete unit simulation coal wall, coal plough planer tool nose place the plane with it is H to be close to coal plough one side distance of discrete unit simulation coal wall, distance between coal plough top planer tool and the bottom planer tool with the height of simulation coal wall equals. Setting contact collision parameters between the coal planer and coal particles according to the related material attributes of the coal planer, and establishing a discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.1: establishing a first discrete element model of a planing process of a coal planer, which comprises the following specific processes: after a step-format three-dimensional model of the coal planer is led into discrete element software containing the discrete element simulation coal wall, the position between the coal planer and the simulation coal wall is adjusted, the distance between the front of a planer head and the coal wall is determined, the depth of a planer tool inserted into the coal wall is adjusted to be the planing depth, the forward movement of the coal planer is set in the discrete element model I, the discrete element model I of the planing process of the coal planer is established for the planing speed, as shown in fig. 3, the discrete element model I of the planing process of the established coal planer is simulated, the simulation state of the planing process is shown in fig. 4, the state of the coal ridge on the surface of the simulation coal wall is shown in fig. 5, and the statistical state of the loading performance of the planer head is shown in fig. 6;
and step 5.2: setting the number of planing tools in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, wherein the number of planing tools is 10, 15, 20 and 25 respectively, converting the planing tools into a step format, importing the step format into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model II in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.3: arranging planer tool arrangement modes which are respectively linear arrangement and step arrangement in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, converting the planer tool arrangement modes into step formats, importing the step formats into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a three-dimensional discrete element model of the coal planer in the planing process;
step 5.4: setting planer tool intervals of 40mm, 60mm, 80mm and 100mm in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, converting the intervals into a step format, importing the step format into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model IV in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.5: setting planer tool installation angles of 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, converting the planer tool installation angles into step formats, importing the planer tool installation angles into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal walls and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal walls, and establishing a fifth discrete element model of the coal planer in the planing process.
Step 6: adopt discrete component model of planer planing process carries out response analysis to a pair of planer planing depth and planer planing speed, obtains the change law of properties such as the motion of coal granule, planer tool atress, planer head atress and planer head loading respectively, and concrete step is:
(1) setting the planing depth of the coal planer to be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm and 40mm respectively in discrete element software, simulating the planing process by using a discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer to obtain the motion of coal particles, the stress of a planer tool, the stress of a planer head and the loading rate of the planer head under each planing depth, and fitting related data by using matlab to obtain a related change rule curve, wherein the change curve of the stress of the planer tool along with the planing depth is shown in fig. 7;
(2) setting the planing speed of the coal planer to be 0.5m/s, 1.0m/s, 1.5m/s and 2.0 m/in discrete element software respectively, simulating the planing process by using a discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer to obtain the motion of coal particles, the stress of a planer tool, the stress of a planer head and the loading rate of the planer head at each planing speed, and fitting related data by using matlab to obtain a related change rule curve, wherein the change curve of the stress of the planer tool along with the planing speed is shown in figure 8;
the second discrete element model, the third discrete element model, the fourth discrete element model and the fifth discrete element model are simulated to obtain planing head stress curves in different arrangement modes, the change curve of the planing head along with the number of the planing tools is shown in fig. 9, the change curve of the planing head along with the number of the planing tools is shown in fig. 10, and the change curves of the planing tool stress along with the distance between the planing tools and the installation angle of the planing tools are shown in fig. 11-12.
And 7: according to the height of residual coal ridges on the surface of a coal wall after being planed by the coal planer, the loading rate of the planer head, the planer head and the stress change curve of the planer tool, based on a principal component analysis method, the influence weight of the planing depth, the planing speed, the number of the planer tools, the arrangement mode of the planer tools, the distance between the planer tools and the installation angle of the planer tool on the performance of the planer tool of the coal planer is extracted, a performance evaluation function of the planer tool of the coal planer is established, meanwhile, the design parameters of the planer tool are optimally designed by a multi-objective optimization design method, and the ideal design parameters of the planer tool of the coal planer are obtained.
Step 7.1: the method comprises the steps of analyzing the motion distribution of coal particles, the stress change of a plough head and the loading rate of the plough head in the plough process of a series of coal ploughs by responding to a discrete element model of the plough process of the coal plough, extracting 6 components of influence weight of the 6 components on the performance of the coal plough by using the plough depth, the plough speed, the number of plane knives, the arrangement mode of the plane knives, the distance between the plane knives and the installation angle of the plane knives of the coal plough as the height of residual coal ridges on the surface of a coal wall after the plough of the coal plough, the loading rate of the plough head, the plough head and the stress fluctuation of the plane knives based on a main component analysis method, establishing a performance evaluation function of the coal plough, and optimizing and designing design parameters of the coal plough by utilizing a multi-objective optimization design method to obtain ideal design parameters of the coal plough. The expression is shown in formulas 1-4:
F 1 ＝0.423x 1 +0.225x 2 +0.269x 3 +0.012x 4 +0.010x 5 +0.061x 6 (1)
F 2 ＝0.325x 1 +0.499x 2 +0.154x 3 +0.011x 4 +0.009x 5 +0.002x 6 (2)
F 3 ＝0.485x 1 +0.101x 2 +0.194x 3 +0.095x 4 +0.101x 5 +0.024x 6 (3)
F 4 ＝0.425x 1 +0.094x 2 +0.089x 3 +0.095x 4 +0.185x 5 +0.112x 6 (4)
in the formula F i (i-1, 2, …,4) corresponds to the normalized values of the height of the residual coal ridge, the loading rate of the planing head, the planing head and the force fluctuation of the planing tool; x is the number of i (i-1, 2, …,6) is a value obtained by standardizing the planing depth, the planing speed, the number of planing tools, the arrangement of the planing tools, the distance between the planing tools, and the installation angle of the planing tools.
Calculating the weight of 6 components to obtain a coal planer performance evaluation model:
F＝0.331F 1 +0.124F 2 +0.212F 3 +0.333F 4
the design parameters of the coal planer are optimally designed by using a multi-objective optimal design method, and the optimal parameters of the coal planer when the coal planer is used for planing the coal seam are obtained, wherein the planing depth is 40mm, the planing speed is 2.11m/s, the number of the plane cutters is 23, the arrangement mode of the plane cutters is linear, the average spacing of the plane cutters is 92.5mm, and the average installation angle of the plane cutters is 13 degrees.
It will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, on consideration of the preceding description, may make modifications and alterations, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A coal plough comprehensive performance evaluation method based on a discrete element method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: performing multi-point sampling on a coal bed applied to the coal plough to determine the properties of the coal sample;
and 2, step: determining bonding parameters among coal particles in the simulated coal wall according to the coal sample property determination result in the step 1, and establishing a discrete element simulated coal wall with the length, width and height of l.m.n;
and 3, step 3: determining collision contact parameters between coal and the coal planer according to the material properties and design parameters of the coal planer tool;
and 4, step 4: according to the design drawing of the coal planer, three-dimensional solid modeling is carried out on different parts of the coal planer and a three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer is assembled;
and 5: converting the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer into a step format, importing the step format into discrete element software, adjusting the position relation between the coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model of the planing process of the coal planer;
the position relation adjustment rule is as follows: the coal plough has an initial distance L from the discrete element simulated coal wall along the length direction of the discrete element simulated coal wall, the L is greater than or equal to 0, the motion direction of the coal plough is parallel to one side, close to the coal plough, of the discrete element simulated coal wall, the distance between the plane where the tool tip of the coal plough tool is located and one side, close to the coal plough, of the discrete element simulated coal wall is H, and the distance between the top plane tool and the bottom plane tool of the coal plough is equal to the height of the simulated coal wall;
step 5.1: the coal plough three-dimensional model is established through SolidWorks, the coal plough complete machine three-dimensional model is converted into a step format and then is introduced into discrete element software to establish a discrete element simulation model of a series of coal plough planing processes, and the discrete element simulation model comprises the following steps: according to the bonding parameters among the coal particles, establishing a discrete element simulation coal wall matched with the size of the coal planer, importing the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer into discrete element software in a step format conversion mode, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the whole coal planer and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a first discrete element model in the coal planer planing process;
and step 5.2: setting the number of planing tools in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the number of planing tools into a step format, importing the number of planing tools into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model II in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.3: setting a planer tool arrangement mode in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool arrangement mode into a step format, importing the planer tool arrangement mode into the discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model III in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.4: setting a planer tool spacing in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool spacing into a step format, importing the planer tool spacing into discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model IV in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 5.5: setting a planer tool installation angle in the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, converting the planer tool installation angle into a step format, importing the planer tool installation angle into the discrete element software, setting contact collision parameters between the discrete element simulation coal wall and the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine, adjusting the position relation between the three-dimensional model of the coal planer complete machine and the discrete element simulation coal wall, and establishing a discrete element model V in the planing process of the coal planer;
step 6: simulating discrete element models of a series of planing processes of the coal planer with different planing speeds, planing depths, the number of the planing tools, the arrangement modes of the planing tools, the intervals of the planing tools and the installation angles of the planing tools, and respectively obtaining variation curves of the stress of the planing tools and planing heads along with the planing speeds, the planing depths, the arrangement modes of the planing tools, the intervals of the planing tools and the installation angles of the planing tools;
and 7: determining residual coal ridges on the surface of the coal wall after planing according to response analysis simulation results of discrete element models of the series of coal planer planing processes with different planing speeds, planing depths, the number of the planing tools, the arrangement mode of the planing tools, the spacing between the planing tools and the installation angles of the planing tools, and analyzing the performance of the coal planer by combining stress results of the planing tools and the planing heads to obtain a coal planer performance evaluation model;
step 7.1: the method comprises the steps of analyzing the motion distribution of coal particles, the stress change of a plough head and the loading rate of the plough head in the plough process of a series of coal ploughs by responding and analyzing a discrete element model of the plough process of the coal plough, extracting 6 components from 6 components of the plough depth, the plough speed, the number of the plough blades, the arrangement mode of the plough blades, the distance between the plough blades and the installation angle of the plough blades of the coal plough as the influence weights of the 6 components on the performance of the coal plough on the height of residual coal ridges on the coal wall surface after the plough is ploughed, the loading rate of the plough head, the plough head and the stress fluctuation of the plough blades based on a main component analysis method, establishing a performance evaluation function of the coal plough, and simultaneously carrying out optimization design on the design parameters of the plough blades by utilizing a multi-objective optimization design method to obtain ideal design parameters of the coal plough; the expression is shown in formulas 1-4:
F 1 ＝a 1 x 1 +a 2 x 2 +a 3 x 3 +a 4 x 4 +a 5 x 5 +a 6 x 6 (1)
F 2 ＝b 1 x 1 +b 2 x 2 +b 3 x 3 +b 4 x 4 +b 5 x 5 +b 6 x 6 (2)
F 3 ＝c 1 x 1 +c 2 x 2 +c 3 x 3 +c 4 x 4 +c 5 x 5 +c 6 x 6 (3)
F 4 ＝d 1 x 1 +d 2 x 2 +d 3 x 3 +d 4 x 4 +d 5 x 5 +d 6 x 6 (4)
in the formula F i (i-1, 2, …,4) corresponds to the normalized values of the height of the residual coal ridge, the loading rate of the planing head, the planing head and the force fluctuation of the planing tool; x is the number of i (i is 1,2, …,6) is a value obtained by standardizing planing depth, planing speed, planing blade number, planing blade arrangement mode, planing blade spacing and planing blade installation angle;
a i (i-1, 2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on the height of the residual coal ridge; b i (i-1, 2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on the loading rate of the planing head; c. C i (i is 1,2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on planing head stress fluctuation; d i (i is 1,2, …,6) is the influence weight of planing depth, planing speed, planing tool number, planing tool arrangement mode, planing tool spacing and planing tool installation angle on planing tool stress fluctuation;
step 7.2: calculating the weight of 6 components to obtain a coal planer performance evaluation model:
F＝AF 1 +BF 2 +CF 3 +DF 4 (5)
in the formula, A corresponds to the weight of the height of the residual coal ridge in the coal planer performance evaluation model; b correspondingly represents the weight of the loading rate of the plough head in the coal plough performance evaluation model; c is the weight of the stress fluctuation of the plough head in the coal plough performance evaluation model correspondingly; and D is the weight of the stress fluctuation of the planer tool in the coal planer performance evaluation model correspondingly.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal sample is sampled at multiple points at different locations of a coal seam of the coal plough, and the properties of the coal sample are determined according to the average of the property measurement data of different coal samples.
3. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the coal plough based on the discrete element method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soft ball contact model is adopted for coal particles in the simulated coal wall, and the parameters of bonding between the coal particles and the collision contact between the coal particles and the coal plough comprise: density, modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, coefficient of restitution, normal stress, shear stress, bond radius, stiffness, coefficient of static friction, and coefficient of dynamic friction.
4. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the coal plough based on the discrete element method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the particle size of the coal particles in the simulated coal wall is smaller than the distance between the adjacent plough blades.
5. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the coal plough based on the discrete element method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the design parameters of the coal plough cutter comprise: the number of the plane blades, the arrangement mode of the plane blades, the width of the plane groove, the distance between the plane blades and the installation angle of the plane blades.
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