CN109765061B - Bench test mechanism for suspension system of passenger car - Google Patents
Bench test mechanism for suspension system of passenger car Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an iron portal frame, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device and a vertical loading device, wherein the iron portal frame, the supporting and fixing device, the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device are fixed on an iron floor, the suspension system is fixed on the supporting and fixing device, the vertical loading device is fixed on the iron portal frame, the transverse loading device is connected with a lower loading seat of the comprehensive loading body, the longitudinal loading device is connected with a side loading seat of the comprehensive loading body through a joint bearing, and the vertical loading device is connected with an upper loading seat of the comprehensive loading body; the comprehensive loading body is fixed on the suspension system; the control part adopts moog company to install MiTS basic function software and a controller of the repetition load spectrum iteration software, which can simulate the real vehicle failure condition of the suspension system in the indoor simulation test mechanism and forecast the service life of the real vehicle, and can find the quality problem of the product in the product development stage, thereby reducing the test cost and improving the product development efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car, in particular to a bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car for performing the performance and road simulation bench test of the suspension system of the passenger car, and belongs to the technical field of bench test of automobile parts and subsystems.
Background
Automotive suspensions are important devices in automobiles that connect the body to the wheels of the vehicle elastically. It is generally composed of elastic elements, guide mechanisms, shock absorbers and the like, and has the main task of relieving the impact transmitted to the vehicle body by uneven road surfaces so as to improve the riding comfort and also play a role in supporting the vehicle body.
At present, the bench test aiming at the automotive suspension system mainly tests main parts in the suspension independently and mainly loads the parts in single item, namely loads the parts in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction respectively, and has larger difference with the complex stress condition of the suspension system in the real vehicle state, so that the failure mode of the bench is inconsistent with the actual failure mode, and the effect of checking products cannot be truly achieved. For the whole vehicle road test and the whole vehicle bench test, only simple endurance test can be carried out on the suspension system, the cost is high, and no effective and feasible test means for fully verifying the suspension system of the passenger vehicle exist in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a bench test mechanism for a suspension system of a passenger car, and the bench test mechanism can be used for carrying out bench tests such as performance of the suspension system of the passenger car, road simulation and the like of a multi-channel road load spectrum loading through the combination and the control of a plurality of actuators by a controller through the combination and the assembly of a plurality of test fixtures and hydraulic actuators.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car comprises a test loading part and a control part; the test loading part comprises an iron floor, an iron portal frame, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device, a vertical loading device, a comprehensive carrier adding and a suspension system; the method is characterized in that: the device comprises an iron portal frame, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device and a vertical loading device, wherein the iron portal frame, the supporting and fixing device, the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device are fixed on an iron floor through the matching of bolts and T-shaped nuts, a suspension system is fixed on the supporting and fixing device, the vertical loading device is fixed on the iron portal frame, the transverse loading device is connected with a lower loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing, the longitudinal loading device is connected with a side loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing, and the vertical loading device is connected with an upper loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing; the comprehensive loading body is fixed on the suspension system;
The supporting and fixing device comprises a double-sided fixing seat, a transverse plate, a shock absorber connecting clamp, a front connecting clamp, a middle connecting clamp and a rear connecting clamp; the double-sided fixing seat is fixed on the iron floor through bolts, the transverse plate is fixed on the double-sided fixing seat through T-shaped foundation blocks, and the suspension system is connected with the transverse plate through each connecting clamp; t-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the double-sided fixing seat, and the transverse plate moves up and down along the T-shaped grooves; the shock absorber in the suspension system is fixed by a shock absorber connecting clamp, the main body of the suspension system is fixed by a front connecting clamp, a middle connecting clamp and a rear connecting clamp, and then the front connecting clamp, the middle connecting clamp and the rear connecting clamp are fixed on the transverse plate;
The transverse loading device comprises a loading actuator, a fixed seat, a connecting rod, a joint bearing, an actuator suspension device and an actuator lifting device; the actuator suspension device consists of a vertical column, a transverse support plate, a suspension spring and an adjusting screw rod; the upright post is fixed on the iron floor, the transverse support plate is fixed on the upright post, the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the transverse support plate, one end of the suspension spring is used for suspending the actuator, and the other end of the suspension spring is hung on the adjusting screw rod; the lifting device of the actuator consists of a lifting screw rod, an adjusting nut and a fixing plate, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the fixing seat, one end of the lifting screw rod is fixed on a connecting plate of the actuator, and the other end of the lifting screw rod penetrates through a hole in the fixing plate and is connected with the adjusting nut; the rear end of the loading actuator is fixed on the fixed seat through a connecting plate, the front end of the loading actuator is connected with the knuckle bearing through a connecting rod, and the ball head part of the knuckle bearing is connected with the comprehensive loading body through a pin;
the structure of the longitudinal loading device is identical with that of the transverse loading device, and the longitudinal loading device comprises a loading actuator, a fixed seat, a connecting rod, a joint bearing, an actuator suspension device, an actuator lifting device and a connecting position of the longitudinal loading device and the connecting position of the transverse loading device are different from that of the comprehensive loading device.
The vertical loading device comprises a loading actuator, a loading transition plate, a connecting rod and a knuckle bearing; the rear end of the loading actuator is fixed on a cross beam of the iron portal frame through a connecting plate, the front end of the loading actuator is connected with a loading transition plate, one end of a connecting rod is fixed on the loading transition plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the comprehensive loading body through a joint bearing; wherein the connecting rods are two and are parallel to each other;
The integrated loading body comprises a main body, a fixing hole, a transverse loading seat, a longitudinal loading seat and a vertical loading seat, wherein the size of the main body is matched with the size of a rim of a suspension system, and the loading seat is connected with a joint bearing.
The iron floor is provided with a T-shaped groove for placing the T-shaped nut.
The portal frame comprises a cross beam and a stand column, wherein the cross beam is fixed on the stand column through bolts.
The test loading part is of a structure with a middle plane symmetrical left and right.
The connection part between the loading transition plate and the loading actuator and the connection rod is provided with a tensioning locking plate for locking.
The control part adopts a moog company to be provided with a controller with MiTS basic function software and a reconstruction load spectrum iteration software, and the controller can be connected with 6 loading actuators in total, namely a transverse loading actuator, a longitudinal loading actuator and a vertical loading actuator in the test mechanism; firstly, load data of a suspension system collected in a test field are combined, a transfer function is obtained through white noise, then a test driving signal is obtained through repeated iteration by software, a controller drives 6 loading actuators according to the driving signal, and then a road simulation bench test of a multi-channel road load spectrum loaded passenger vehicle suspension system can be carried out.
The invention has the advantages that the invention can reproduce the actual vehicle failure condition of the suspension system and predict the service life of the actual vehicle in an indoor simulation test mechanism, can find the product quality problem in the product development stage, shortens the road test and bench test period, reduces the test cost, improves the product research and development efficiency and reduces the product market claims rate. Compared with the original test method, the time node for evaluating the reliability of the suspension system is advanced by about one year, and the accuracy of the result is improved from the original basic state to the state that the actual vehicle is irrelevant, so that the failure mode and the service life of the actual vehicle of the suspension system can be accurately reflected. In addition, the test mechanism can also carry out bench tests on each part in the suspension system, such as performance, static strength, endurance life and the like, compared with the original part bench test, the mechanism is easier to adjust, the structure is closer to a real vehicle, the structure of the connecting clamp and the actuator suspension device are connected, and the actuator lifting device improves the bench test efficiency and accuracy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a supporting and fixing device in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a transverse loading device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a longitudinal loading device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical loading device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated loader.
In the figure: 1. an iron portal frame; 2. comprehensively adding a carrier; 3. a suspension system; 4. an iron floor; 5. a double-sided fixing seat; 6. a cross plate; 7. the shock absorber is connected with the clamp; 8. 9, a front connecting clamp; 10. a rear connecting clamp; 11. loading an actuator; 12. a fixing seat; 13. a connecting rod; 14. a knuckle bearing; 15. an actuator suspension device; 16. an actuator lifting device; 17. and loading a transition plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car includes a test loading section and a control section; the test loading part comprises an iron portal frame 1, a comprehensive loading body 2, a suspension system 3, an iron floor 4, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device and a vertical loading device; the method is characterized in that: the iron portal frame 1, the support fixing device, the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device are fixed on the iron floor 4 through the cooperation of bolts and T-shaped nuts, the suspension system 3 is fixed on the support fixing device, the vertical loading device is fixed on the iron portal frame 1, the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device are all connected with the comprehensive loading body 2, and the comprehensive loading body 2 is fixed on the suspension system 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the iron floor 4 is provided with a T-shaped groove a in which a T-shaped nut can be placed.
As shown in fig. 1, the portal frame 1 comprises a beam 1a and a column 1b, wherein the beam 1a can be fixed to the column 1b by bolts at different heights to meet test requirements.
As shown in fig. 2, the double-sided fixing seat 5 in the supporting and fixing device is fixed on the iron floor 4 through bolts, the transverse plate 6 is fixed on the double-sided fixing seat 5 through the matching of the bolts and the T-shaped nuts, and the suspension system 3 is connected with the transverse plate 6 through the connecting clamp 7, the damper connecting clamp, the connecting clamp in 8, the front connecting clamp in 9 and the rear connecting clamp in 10. Wherein, the two sides of the double-sided fixing seat 5 are provided with T-shaped grooves for the T-shaped nuts to slide, and the transverse plate 6 can move up and down along the T-shaped grooves A. The damper connecting jig 7 is used to fix a damper in the suspension system 3, and the intermediate connecting jig 8, the front connecting jig 9, and the rear connecting jig 10 fix a main body of the suspension system 3. All the connecting clamps have reinforcing ribs to increase the strength of the clamps. The fixing points of the transverse plate 6 and each connecting clamp are long slot holes, which is beneficial to the adjustment and installation of the connecting clamps. The design of each connecting clamp depends on the digital-analog of the whole vehicle and refers to the fixed state of the suspension system on the real vehicle. Different suspension systems may be secured to the support fixtures by adjusting the attachment clamps or by replacing the attachment clamps.
As shown in fig. 3, the transverse loading device comprises a loading actuator 11, a fixed seat 12, a connecting rod 13, a knuckle bearing 14, an actuator suspension device 15 and an actuator lifting device 16. The rear end of the loading actuator 11 is fixed on the fixed seat 12 through a connecting plate, wherein T-shaped grooves for sliding of the T-shaped nuts are formed in two sides of the fixed seat 12, and the loading actuator 11 can move up and down along the T-shaped grooves A. The front end is connected with a joint bearing 14 through a connecting rod 13, and the ball head part of the joint bearing 14 is connected with the comprehensive carrier 2 through a pin.
The actuator suspension device 15 consists of a column 15a, a transverse support plate 15b, a suspension spring 15c and an adjusting screw 15 d; wherein, the upright 15a is fixed on the iron floor 4, the transverse support plate 15b is fixed on the upright 15a, the adjusting screw 15d is in threaded connection with the transverse support plate 15b, one end of the suspension spring 15c is used for suspending the loading actuator 11, and the other end is hung on the adjusting screw 15 d.
The actuator lifting device 16 consists of a lifting screw 16a, an adjusting nut 16b and a fixing plate 16 c; the fixed plate 16c is fixed on the fixed base 12, one end of the lifting screw 16a is fixed on the connecting plate of the loading actuator 11, and the other end passes through a hole on the fixed plate 16c and is connected with the adjusting nut 16 d.
The actuator suspension device 15 can prevent the loading actuator 11 from being damaged due to falling, and can reduce the lateral force born by the main cylinder in the loading actuator 11 so as to prolong the service life of the loading actuator 11, and the suspension spring 15c stretches or drives the loading actuator 11 to lift when the adjusting screw 15d is rotated. The height of the loading actuator 11 can be adjusted without an overhead travelling crane by the engagement of the actuator lift device 16 with the actuator suspension device 15.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the structure and principle of the longitudinal loading device and the transverse loading device are identical, and the longitudinal loading device comprises a loading actuator 11, a fixed seat 12, a connecting rod 13, a joint bearing 14, an actuator suspension device 15 and an actuator lifting device 16. The transverse loading device is connected with the lower loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing, and the longitudinal loading device is connected with the side loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing. And are not described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 5, the vertical loading device includes a loading actuator 11, a loading transition plate 17, a connecting rod 13, and a knuckle bearing 14, where the rear end of the loading actuator 11 is fixed on the portal frame, the front end of the loading actuator 11 is connected with the loading transition plate 17, one end of the connecting rod 13 is fixed on the loading transition plate 17, and the other end is connected with the upper loading seat 2e of the integrated loading body 2 through the knuckle bearing 14. The connecting rods 13 are two and parallel to each other, and the connection parts between the loading transition plate 17 and the loading actuator 11 as well as the connection parts between the loading transition plate and the connecting rods 13 are all provided with tensioning locking plates for locking.
As shown in fig. 6, the integrated load carrier 2 includes a main body 2a, a fixing hole 2b, a transverse load seat 2c, a longitudinal load seat 2d and a vertical load seat 2e, wherein the size of the main body 2a is designed in a matching manner with the size of a rim of the suspension system 3, and the size of the fixing hole 2a is consistent with the size of a bolt hole of the matching rim of the suspension system 3. The loading seats are two identical bosses and are welded on the main body 2a, and the transverse loading seat 2c, the longitudinal loading seat 2d and the vertical loading seat 2e are respectively connected with the transverse, longitudinal and vertical knuckle bearings 14, so that the comprehensive loading body 2 can achieve complete mechanical decoupling and eliminate the influence of motion coupling.
The test loading part shown in fig. 1 is of a structure symmetrical to each other about a middle plane, and the structure and principle of the symmetrical part are identical, and are not described in detail herein.
The control part adopts moog company to install MiTS basic function software and a controller of the iteration software of the reconstruction load spectrum, and the controller can be connected with 6 loading actuators 11 in a test mechanism. The controller simultaneously controls the 6 actuators, acquires a road load spectrum of 6 channels of the test piece under a typical working condition, converts the road load spectrum into a bench test load spectrum of 6 channels after processing, obtains a transfer function through white noise, and carries out load iteration by using a reconstruction software, so that the obtained bench test driving spectrum reaching the test requirement precision can be used for a subsequent bench test. The service life of the test piece on the real vehicle can be estimated according to the fatigue damage theory by utilizing the bench test service life of the test piece and the real vehicle mileage corresponding to the acquired road load spectrum.
When the performance test of the suspension system is carried out, the test loading part is virtually assembled in the three-dimensional software, and then the actual test loading part is assembled according to the size data in the three-dimensional software. The method comprises the steps of fixing an iron portal frame 1, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device and a longitudinal loading device on an iron floor 4 through the matching of bolts and T-shaped nuts, fixing a suspension system 3 on the supporting and fixing device, fixing a comprehensive loading body 2 on the suspension system 3, fixing a vertical loading device on the iron portal frame 1, and finally connecting loading actuators 11 of the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device with the comprehensive loading body 2. And the control part and the 6 loading actuators 11 of the test loading part are connected together by data lines. The control section writes a loading program of the controller in accordance with the outline of the test, causes the loading actuator to load the suspension system by controlling the opening degree of the servo valve of the loading actuator 11 in accordance with the loading program, and outputs corresponding test data.
The assembly steps are the same as those in performance tests when performing endurance tests on suspension systems. For the arrangement of the control part, the vertical loading actuator adopts a displacement control mode, and a jumping warping load is applied to the sample through the comprehensive loading body 2 by the connecting rod 13 and the knuckle bearing 14. The transverse loading linear actuator and the longitudinal loading actuator both adopt a load control mode, and the transverse load and the longitudinal load are respectively applied to the sample through the comprehensive loading body 2 by the connecting rod 13 and the knuckle bearing 14. The loading actuators 11 all adopt the real road load spectrum as input, and the stress state of the sample is completely consistent with that of a real vehicle.
According to the structure, design and installation process of the bench test mechanism of the suspension system of the passenger car, the whole suspension system can be installed on a supporting and fixing device and is loaded by 6 actuators. The controller can respectively control the 6 loading actuators, so that various bench tests can be carried out on the whole suspension system or a certain part in the system.
The invention has reasonable structural design, the adjustability of the supporting and fixing device is relatively large, and most of front and rear auxiliary frames of the passenger car can be fixed by adjusting or replacing the clamp by adopting the mode of connecting the clamp with the suspension system. Each composition structure adopts the design of assembled structure, has designed special elevating gear, has reserved a plurality of lifting rope hanging holes, and equipment, adjustment and dismantlement are all very convenient, and this structure has the commonality strong, and the adjustability is strong, and its structural optimization, and frock subtracts heavy and the installation simple and easy to go to reduced test bench constructor's ability requirement and intensity of labour.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A bench test mechanism of a suspension system of a passenger car comprises a test loading part and a control part; the test loading part comprises an iron floor, an iron portal frame, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device, a vertical loading device, a comprehensive carrier adding and a suspension system; the method is characterized in that: the device comprises an iron portal frame, a supporting and fixing device, a transverse loading device, a longitudinal loading device and a vertical loading device, wherein the iron portal frame, the supporting and fixing device, the transverse loading device, the longitudinal loading device and the vertical loading device are fixed on an iron floor through the matching of bolts and T-shaped nuts, a suspension system is fixed on the supporting and fixing device, the vertical loading device is fixed on the iron portal frame, the transverse loading device is connected with a lower loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing, the longitudinal loading device is connected with a side loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing, and the vertical loading device is connected with an upper loading seat of the comprehensive loading carrier through a joint bearing; the comprehensive loading body is fixed on the suspension system;
The supporting and fixing device comprises a double-sided fixing seat, a transverse plate, a shock absorber connecting clamp, a front connecting clamp, a middle connecting clamp and a rear connecting clamp; the double-sided fixing seat is fixed on the iron floor through bolts, the transverse plate is fixed on the double-sided fixing seat through T-shaped foundation blocks, and the suspension system is connected with the transverse plate through each connecting clamp; t-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the double-sided fixing seat, and the transverse plate moves up and down along the T-shaped grooves; the shock absorber in the suspension system is fixed by a shock absorber connecting clamp, the main body of the suspension system is fixed by a front connecting clamp, a middle connecting clamp and a rear connecting clamp, and then the front connecting clamp, the middle connecting clamp and the rear connecting clamp are fixed on the transverse plate;
The transverse loading device comprises a loading actuator, a fixed seat, a connecting rod, a joint bearing, an actuator suspension device and an actuator lifting device; the actuator suspension device consists of a vertical column, a transverse support plate, a suspension spring and an adjusting screw rod; the upright post is fixed on the iron floor, the transverse support plate is fixed on the upright post, the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the transverse support plate, one end of the suspension spring is used for suspending the actuator, and the other end of the suspension spring is hung on the adjusting screw rod; the lifting device of the actuator consists of a lifting screw rod, an adjusting nut and a fixing plate, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the fixing seat, one end of the lifting screw rod is fixed on a connecting plate of the actuator, and the other end of the lifting screw rod penetrates through a hole in the fixing plate and is connected with the adjusting nut; the rear end of the loading actuator is fixed on the fixed seat through a connecting plate, the front end of the loading actuator is connected with the knuckle bearing through a connecting rod, and the ball head part of the knuckle bearing is connected with the comprehensive loading body through a pin;
The structure of the longitudinal loading device is completely the same as that of the transverse loading device, and the longitudinal loading device comprises a loading actuator, a fixed seat, a connecting rod, a joint bearing, an actuator suspension device, an actuator lifting device and a connecting position different from that of the comprehensive loading device;
The vertical loading device comprises a loading actuator, a loading transition plate, a connecting rod and a knuckle bearing; the rear end of the loading actuator is fixed on a cross beam of the iron portal frame through a connecting plate, the front end of the loading actuator is connected with a loading transition plate, one end of a connecting rod is fixed on the loading transition plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the comprehensive loading body through a joint bearing; wherein the connecting rods are two and are parallel to each other;
The integrated loading body comprises a main body, a fixing hole, a transverse loading seat, a longitudinal loading seat and a vertical loading seat, wherein the size of the main body is matched with the size of a rim of a suspension system, and the loading seat is connected with a joint bearing.
2. The bench test mechanism for suspension systems of passenger vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the iron floor is provided with a T-shaped groove for placing a T-shaped nut.
3. A bench test mechanism for a suspension system of a passenger vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said portal frame comprises a cross member and a column, the cross member being secured to the column by bolts.
4. The test mechanism for a suspension system rack of a passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the test loading part has a structure of symmetrical right and left of the middle plane.
5. The bench test mechanism for suspension systems of passenger vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the connection between the loading transition plate and the loading actuator and the connection rod is provided with a tensioning lock plate for locking.
6. The bench test mechanism of the suspension system of the passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the control part adopts a moog company to be provided with a MiTS basic function software and a reproduction load spectrum iteration software controller, and the controller can be connected with 6 loading actuators of a transverse loading actuator, a longitudinal loading actuator and a vertical loading actuator in the test mechanism; firstly, load data of a suspension system collected in a test field are combined, a transfer function is obtained through white noise, then a test driving signal is obtained through repeated iteration by software, a controller drives 6 loading actuators according to the driving signal, and then a road simulation bench test of a multi-channel road load spectrum loaded passenger vehicle suspension system can be carried out.
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| CN112284771B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-04-07 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Fatigue test system and method for vehicle suspension system |
| CN110274775A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-24 | 奇瑞商用车（安徽）有限公司 | A kind of automobile multi-link lever suspension fork system stage testing tooling |
| CN111024412B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江大学 | Wheel hub and suspension comprehensive performance test bed for multi-axis direction loading |
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| CN111964925A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Eight-channel road simulation test system and test method for suspension system |
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| CN209166841U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-07-26 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Used in Suspended Truss of Passenger Car bench test mechanism |
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