CN109763020A - It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference - Google Patents
It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference Download PDFInfo
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- CN109763020A CN109763020A CN201910225082.2A CN201910225082A CN109763020A CN 109763020 A CN109763020 A CN 109763020A CN 201910225082 A CN201910225082 A CN 201910225082A CN 109763020 A CN109763020 A CN 109763020A
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Abstract
High efficiency and heat radiation metal is carried out in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference the invention discloses a kind of, is three layers of composite construction.By weight percentage, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:20.0-25.0wt.%, Sn:6.0-8.0wt.%, Sb:1.0-2.0wt.%, Cd:2.0-3.0wt.%, Ru:0.2-0.4wt.%, Mn:0.1-0.2wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:10.0-15.0wt.%, Zn:15.0-18.0wt.%, Co:4.0-5.0wt.%, Mo:0.4-0.6wt.%, Bi:2.0-3.0wt.%, Sb:1.0-2.0wt.%, surplus are lead.The material provides a kind of extremely effective heat dissipation solution for nuclear industry field, while being also used as shielding material and effectively shielding to a variety of radioactive products.The heat dissipation problem of nuclear reactor field is not only efficiently solved, great economic value and social value can also be obtained after large-scale application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of metal.
Background technique
Nuclear energy uses are the important symbols of defense force and national economy level, it is shown that a national comprehensive strength.
In energy plaque increasingly weary 21st century, nuclear power will become most important cleaning, efficient, the reliable energy.Therefore, and it is opened flat
Hair nuclear energy is paid attention to extensively for various countries.
Nuclear reactor will release very big heat in course of normal operation, but only therein 30% or so can be turned
It is changed to the energy (including mechanical energy) of other forms.Remaining heat will be discharged in the form of waste heat, thus nuclear reactor needs
Many water are cooled down.That is, to maintain many security systems and shielding harness during nuclear reactor works normally
Normal work.In addition, also to guarantee waste heat can normal discharge system, formed Natural Circulation.If heat-sinking capability is insufficient
To take heat in heap out of, the temperature and pressure in heap will slowly rise, and after the long period, coolant is possible to meeting in heap
Boiling, pressure also can be more than safe limit value, the safety of final Threat Reaction heap.Thus, the high efficiency and heat radiation of reactor is always
The extremely important direction in nuclear industry field.
When reactor operation, nuclear fission reaction will generate a large amount of neutrons and gamma-rays, and fission product decay also releases
α, β particle and gamma-rays.α and β particle range is very short, it is easy to be absorbed by air or other objects, generally not to operator
It constitutes a threat to.Neutron and gamma-rays have extremely strong penetration capacity.In order to stop them to require that guard shield is arranged in reactor surrounding
Layer protection staff and equipment are injured from radioactive ray.The material that shielding fast neutron need to select light element to form, shielding gamma-rays is then
The material that heavy element need to be selected to form, therefore heap external shielding layer often uses and the co-ordinative construction of the element containing weight.
Currently, acting on that national economy field is more and more prominent due to nuclear power generation, so that the heat dissipation of nuclear reactor is more next
More it is taken seriously.Various countries have put into that a large amount of man power and material furthers investigate and industrialization, developed country are especially beautiful
State, Japan and Russia etc. have formd scale nuclear reactor heat dissipation industry, have been able to produce multi-class and serial specification
Change product.This patent provides a kind of for nuclear reactor field heat transmission metal and user from materialogy angle
Case.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provides and a kind of carries out height in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference
Effect heat dissipation metal.The material has thermal response ability in need and radiating efficiency between 150-250 degree.This method also has
The characteristics of production cost is low, is convenient for large-scale production.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference, it is three layers of composite construction.Percentage by weight
Than meter, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:20.0-25.0wt.%, Sn:6.0-8.0wt.%, Sb:1.0-2.0wt.%, Cd:2.0-
3.0wt.%, Ru:0.2-0.4wt.%, Mn:0.1-0.2wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:10.0-
15.0wt.%,Zn:15.0-18.0wt.%,Co:4.0-5.0wt.%,Mo:0.4-0.6wt.%,Bi:2.0-3.0wt.%,Sb:
1.0-2.0wt.%, surplus are lead.
The preparation method of above-mentioned heat sink material, comprise the following steps that (a) by alloy according to required ingredient with postponing,
It is put into induction furnace and carries out melting, and protected using graphite crucible and argon gas；10 minutes are kept the temperature in 400-450 degree to stir using electromagnetism
Mix sufficiently by alloy melt after mixing evenly, import graphite jig in cast；(b) ingot casting is subjected to cold rolling, rolled per pass
The drafts of system is 10-20%, for middle layer and upper and lower level be rolled down to respectively different required thicknesses (according to specific needs,
Generally between 0.1-5mm)；(c) upper and lower level and middle layer are finally subjected to composite rolling, the thickness of upper and lower level will be protected after rolling
Hold the 5-8% in overall thickness.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) this patent provides a kind of pointing, for improving the radiating efficiency between nuclear reactor and hot channel.
The material structure is as shown in Figure 1, include upper and lower level (A and C) and middle layer (B layers).Its principle is by the way that the material to be placed on
In nuclear reactor (fever end) and the gap of hot channel (radiating end), by effectively fill so that design temperature
Under can effectively radiate.When hot-fluid passes through the material, top and bottom can generate instantaneous liquid phase and generate, and intermediate
Part is also maintained at solid-state.Final three-layer structure material is fully cured due to diffusion, is had at normal working temperature
The gap between nuclear reactor and hot channel has been filled up to effect, has played the role of improving radiating efficiency.
(2) thermal capacitance formula is defined as:, wherein it is thermal capacitance, is raised temperature for the heat of absorption.In this patent up and down
Layer is greater than middle layer, thus the alloying component provided in this patent all has this property.From formula, when not
It is raised just big with the small layer temperature of thermal capacitance when same layer absorbs same heat.When the thermal capacitance of upper and lower level (A and C) is less than
When the thermal capacitance of middle layer (B), the heating of upper and lower level is just obviously higher than the heating rate of middle layer, so as to cause upper and lower level ratio
Middle layer first melts or softens.That is, the fusing point of this patent upper and lower level is also higher than the fusing point of middle layer, but conducting heat
Reach the fusing point of oneself first in the process and occurs to melt or soften.It thus can effectively filling pile element and heat dissipation
Gap among pipe.Simultaneously because the effect of diffusion, and make upper and lower level and middle layer that element exchange occur and make upper layer and
Solidification or solidification occur for lower layer.That is, the core content of this patent be alloying component be optimized selection so that on
The thermal capacitance of lower layer is greater than middle layer, while the fusing point of upper and lower level is higher than the fusing point of middle layer.
(3) fusing point of the material upper and lower level and middle layer is 150-250 degree, but the fusing point of upper and lower level is more molten than middle layer
Point temperature is high.It is a big innovation that nuclear reactor field, which is carried out different thermal response designs with metal, and products obtained therefrom is remaining high
While thermal conductivity (30-50W/m ﹒ K), which can finally be maintained to solid-state, but interface is nearby due to heating
And there is liquid in short-term effectively to fill up the small spaces of heater and radiator surface.It is molten upper and lower level has fundamentally been prevented
It can be flowed everywhere after change, the problem for causing gap to increase.
(4) due to being lead-containing alloy, which can also play very outstanding screen for the thermally conductive outer of nuclear reactor
Cover the effect of material.Effectively attenuation ray can be thus used to, play shielding action, ensure nuclear reactor system and environment peace
Entirely.In addition, the material is also used as safety, nuclear screening material functions reliably and efficiently come make nuclear fuel and nuke rubbish transport with
The container of storage.Thus, which is used for nuclear industry field, while can not only playing raising heat transfer efficiency, can also make
The radiation product that a variety of reactors are absorbed for shielding material, has ensured the safety around nuclear reactor.
(5) the product practicability is wide, and processing smelting process is simple, and production cost is low, is convenient for industrialized large-scale production
And practical application.It is applying and after industrialization, not only can solve industry problems, while can also obtain great market value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of trilaminate material, and wherein A, B and C respectively indicate upper layer, the material of middle layer and lower layer.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference, it is three layers of composite construction.Percentage by weight
Than counting, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:20.0wt.%, Sn:6.0wt.%, Sb:1.0wt.%, Cd:2.0wt.%, Ru:
0.2wt.%, Mn:0.1wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:10.0wt.%, Zn:15.0wt.%, Co:
4.0wt.%,Mo:0.4wt.%,Bi:2.0wt.%,
Sb:1.0wt.%, surplus are lead.
The preparation method of above-mentioned heat sink material, comprise the following steps that (a) by alloy according to required ingredient with postponing,
It is put into induction furnace and carries out melting, and protected using graphite crucible and argon gas；10 minutes are kept the temperature in 400-450 degree to stir using electromagnetism
Mix sufficiently by alloy melt after mixing evenly, import graphite jig in cast；(b) ingot casting is subjected to cold rolling, rolled per pass
The drafts of system is 10-20%, for middle layer and upper and lower level be rolled down to respectively different required thicknesses (according to specific needs,
Generally between 0.1-5mm)；(c) upper and lower level and middle layer are finally subjected to composite rolling, the thickness of upper and lower level will be protected after rolling
Hold the 5-8% in overall thickness.
The fusing point and thermal capacitance of the material upper and lower level are 220 degree and 180J/kg ﹒oC, the fusing point and thermal capacitance of middle layer are 160 degree
With 100J/kg ﹒oC.It is a big innovation that nuclear reactor field, which is carried out different thermal response designs with metal, and products obtained therefrom is being tieed up
While holding high heat conductance (32W/m ﹒ K), which can finally be maintained to solid-state, but interface is nearby due to heating
And there is liquid in short-term effectively to fill up the small spaces of heater and radiator surface.It is molten upper and lower level has fundamentally been prevented
It can be flowed everywhere after change, the problem for causing gap to increase.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference, it is three layers of composite construction.Percentage by weight
Than counting, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:25.0wt.%, Sn:8.0wt.%, Sb:2.0wt.%, Cd:3.0wt.%, Ru:
0.4wt.%, Mn:0.2wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:15.0wt.%, Zn:18.0wt.%, Co:
5.0wt.%, Mo:0.6wt.%, Bi:3.0wt.%, Sb:2.0wt.%, surplus are lead.
The preparation method of above-mentioned heat sink material, comprise the following steps that (a) by alloy according to required ingredient with postponing,
It is put into induction furnace and carries out melting, and protected using graphite crucible and argon gas；10 minutes are kept the temperature in 400-450 degree to stir using electromagnetism
Mix sufficiently by alloy melt after mixing evenly, import graphite jig in cast；(b) ingot casting is subjected to cold rolling, rolled per pass
The drafts of system is 10-20%, for middle layer and upper and lower level be rolled down to respectively different required thicknesses (according to specific needs,
Generally between 0.1-5mm)；(c) upper and lower level and middle layer are finally subjected to composite rolling, the thickness of upper and lower level will be protected after rolling
Hold the 5-8% in overall thickness.
The fusing point and thermal capacitance of the material upper and lower level are 200 degree and 160J/kg ﹒oC, the fusing point and thermal capacitance of middle layer are 150 degree
With 90J/kg ﹒oC.It is a big innovation that nuclear reactor field, which is carried out different thermal response designs with metal, and products obtained therefrom is maintaining
While high heat conductance (32W/m ﹒ K), which can finally be maintained to solid-state, but interface nearby due to heating and
There is liquid in short-term effectively to fill up the small spaces of heater and radiator surface.Upper and lower level fusing is fundamentally prevented
After can flow everywhere, cause gap increase problem.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference, it is three layers of composite construction.Percentage by weight
Than counting, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:20.5wt.%, Sn:6.2wt.%, Sb:1.4wt.%, Cd:2.8wt.%, Ru:
0.3wt.%, Mn:0.1wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:12.0wt.%, Zn:16.0wt.%, Co:
4.2wt.%, Mo:0.5wt.%, Bi:2.5wt.%, Sb:1.2wt.%, surplus are lead.
The preparation method of above-mentioned heat sink material, comprise the following steps that (a) by alloy according to required ingredient with postponing,
It is put into induction furnace and carries out melting, and protected using graphite crucible and argon gas；10 minutes are kept the temperature in 400-450 degree to stir using electromagnetism
Mix sufficiently by alloy melt after mixing evenly, import graphite jig in cast；(b) ingot casting is subjected to cold rolling, rolled per pass
The drafts of system is 10-20%, for middle layer and upper and lower level be rolled down to respectively different required thicknesses (according to specific needs,
Generally between 0.1-5mm)；(c) upper and lower level and middle layer are finally subjected to composite rolling, the thickness of upper and lower level will be protected after rolling
Hold the 5-8% in overall thickness.
The fusing point and thermal capacitance of the material upper and lower level are 180 degree and 150J/kg ﹒oC, the fusing point and thermal capacitance of middle layer are 160 degree
With 85J/kg ﹒oC.It is a big innovation that nuclear reactor field, which is carried out different thermal response designs with metal, and products obtained therefrom is maintaining
While high heat conductance (32W/m ﹒ K), which can finally be maintained to solid-state, but interface nearby due to heating and
There is liquid in short-term effectively to fill up the small spaces of heater and radiator surface.Upper and lower level fusing is fundamentally prevented
After can flow everywhere, cause gap increase problem.
Claims (3)
- It is three layers of composite construction 1. a kind of carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal using thermal capacitance difference in nuclear reactor；By weight hundred Divide than meter, middle layer composition of alloy are as follows: In:20.0-25.0wt.%, Sn:6.0-8.0wt.%, Sb:1.0-2.0wt.%, Cd: 2.0-3.0wt.%, Ru:0.2-0.4wt.%, Mn:0.1-0.2wt.%, surplus are lead；Upper and lower level composition of alloy are as follows: In:10.0- 15.0wt.%,Zn:15.0-18.0wt.%,Co:4.0-5.0wt.%,Mo:0.4-0.6wt.%,Bi:2.0-3.0wt.%,Sb: 1.0-2.0wt.%, surplus are lead.
- 2. a kind of described in claim 1 carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal using thermal capacitance difference in nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that packet It includes following steps: by alloy according to required ingredient with postponing, being put into induction furnace and carry out melting, and use graphite crucible and argon Gas shielded；400-450 degree keep the temperature 10 minutes using electromagnetic agitation sufficiently by alloy melt after mixing evenly, import graphite jig Inside cast.
- 3. a kind of according to claim 1 carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal using thermal capacitance difference in nuclear reactor, feature exists In including following procedure of processing :(a) ingot casting is subjected to cold rolling, the drafts rolled per pass is 10-20%, for middle layer and Upper and lower level is rolled down to different required thicknesses respectively (according to specific needs, generally between 0.1-5mm)；It (b) finally will be upper Lower layer and middle layer carry out composite rolling, and the thickness of upper and lower level will be maintained at the 5-8% of overall thickness after rolling.
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| CN201910225082.2A CN109763020A (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | It is a kind of to carry out high efficiency and heat radiation metal in nuclear reactor using thermal capacitance difference |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0426731A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-01-29 | Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd | Overlay alloy |
| JP2001009588A (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-16 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Lead-tin solder material |
| CN107053786A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-08-18 | 宁波新瑞清科金属材料有限公司 | With the liquid metal thermal interface material from molten characteristic |
| CN108118187A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-05 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | The high-strength resistance to oxidation Pb-Li-Ge lead lithium alloys of shielding material |
| CN108203774A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-26 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | High temperature resistant lead containing Y lithium alloy with extremely low work hardening rate |
-
2019
- 2019-03-25 CN CN201910225082.2A patent/CN109763020A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0426731A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-01-29 | Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd | Overlay alloy |
| JP2001009588A (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-16 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Lead-tin solder material |
| CN107053786A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-08-18 | 宁波新瑞清科金属材料有限公司 | With the liquid metal thermal interface material from molten characteristic |
| CN108118187A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-05 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | The high-strength resistance to oxidation Pb-Li-Ge lead lithium alloys of shielding material |
| CN108203774A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-26 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | High temperature resistant lead containing Y lithium alloy with extremely low work hardening rate |
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