CN109760849B

CN109760849B - Civil aircraft airstairs

Info

Publication number: CN109760849B
Application number: CN201910170742.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史永胜; 杨炳灿
Original assignee: Civil Aviation University of China
Current assignee: Civil Aviation University of China
Priority date: 2019-03-07
Filing date: 2019-03-07
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-07
Also published as: CN109760849A

Abstract

A civil airplane boarding ladder. The rapid pin joint comprises handrails, a butt joint platform, a connecting piece, a ladder body assembly, a rapid pin, a strut assembly and a base assembly; the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention have the advantages that the main components of the civil aircraft airstairs can be folded, and the folded airstairs can be easily taken into the aircraft to realize random flight; the integral assembling, disassembling and folding method is simple, and can be quickly completed by 2-3 ground service personnel without relying on other power except manpower; the structural members of the airstairs are made of light aluminum alloy materials, the structure is light and simple, the space utilization rate is high, and meanwhile, the influence on the overall weight of the airplane is small. In addition, the civil airplane boarding ladder provided by the invention can be randomly carried and used by civil airplanes, improves the mobility of remote operation of the civil airplanes, and can also be applied to aircraft maintenance, fire fighting and disaster relief and ground transportation tools.

Description

Civil aircraft airstairs

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil airplane boarding auxiliary mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a civil airplane boarding ladder.

Background

Airport passenger staircases are usually erected under the doors of civil aircraft and are ground security equipment which must be used when passengers and crewmembers get on or off the aircraft. The prior airport passenger boarding ladder has the following defects: (1) generally, the structure is a vehicle-mounted or hand-pushed welding type integral structure, and cannot be quickly disassembled, or even folded in a small volume; (2) the occupied space is large, the whole body is heavy, the movement is inconvenient, and the free operability is poor; (3) fuel oil, electricity and hydraulic pressure are used as power, and a power system is complex; (4) at present, all types of airstairs cannot be collected on airplanes, so that the use requirement of random carrying of civil airplanes cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a civil airplane airstair.

In order to achieve the aim, the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention comprise handrails, butt-joint platforms, connecting pieces, a ladder body assembly, a quick pin, a strut assembly and a base assembly; the base assembly comprises a first-stage base, a second-stage base and a fixed pedestal; the first-stage base and the second-stage base are both rectangular frame structures, are arranged on the ground side by side under a working condition, are hinged together at adjacent positions through hinges, and can be turned over and folded onto the bottom surface of the first-stage base when being folded; the two fixed pedestals are respectively arranged at the two sides of the rear end surface of the second-stage base; the strut assembly comprises a first-stage strut, a second-stage strut, a lateral diagonal brace, a bottom brace, a transverse brace and a middle strut; the first-stage supporting columns are vertically arranged under the working condition, the lower ends of the two first-stage supporting columns are hinged to the two side parts of the front end of the first-stage base through hinges respectively, and the first-stage supporting columns and the first-stage base can be attached together when the first-stage supporting columns are folded; the lower ends of the two second-stage supporting columns are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two first-stage supporting columns through hinges, and the second-stage supporting columns can be turned over and folded to the outer sides of the first-stage supporting columns when being folded; the inner ends of the two bottom stay bars are respectively hinged at the lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two first-stage struts; every two lateral diagonal braces form a group to form a nested telescopic structure, two ends of each lateral diagonal brace are respectively hinged to a connecting lug piece arranged at the upper part of the first-stage strut and the outer end of the bottom brace positioned at the same side, the position between the two lateral diagonal braces is fixed by a quick pin under the working condition, and the bottom brace and the lateral diagonal braces are attached to the outer side surface of the first-stage strut when the bottom brace and the lateral diagonal braces are folded; the lower ends of the two middle supporting columns are respectively hinged to the rear parts of the two side edges of the first-stage base through pin shafts; two ends of the two transverse supporting rods are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two middle supporting columns and the lower parts of the second-stage supporting columns on the same side through pin shafts; the ladder body assembly consists of first to third ladder bodies which are obliquely arranged under working conditions, and each ladder body comprises a ladder frame, pedals, handrail mounting holes and a U-shaped stop pin; the ladder frame is composed of two vertical and parallel side walls, two longitudinal sliding grooves are formed in the top surfaces of the two side walls of the front two-stage ladder body respectively, two longitudinal sliding rails are formed on the bottom surfaces of the two side walls of the rear two-stage ladder body respectively in an outward protruding mode, the two longitudinal sliding rails on the bottom surface of the ladder frame on the rear one-stage ladder body are installed in the two longitudinal sliding grooves in the surface of the ladder frame on the front one-stage ladder body in a sliding mode, and a transversely-through limiting hole is formed in the front end and the rear end of each of the two side walls of the ladder frame respectively; the pedals are arranged at the inner side of the ladder frame at intervals; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside two side walls of the ladder frame at intervals; each U-shaped stop pin is inserted into the corresponding limit holes at the rear end of the front step body and the front end of the rear step body simultaneously to lock the positions of the two step bodies; the front end of the first-stage ladder body, the middle part of the second-stage ladder body and two side parts of the rear end of the third-stage ladder body are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the second-stage support column and the middle support column and the fixed pedestal through connecting pieces or quick pins; the butt joint platform comprises a platform frame, a platform pedal, a support frame and a handrail mounting hole; the rear end of the platform frame is hinged to the front end of the ladder frame on the first-stage ladder body of the ladder body assembly; the platform pedal is arranged on the inner side of the platform frame; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside the two sides of the platform frame at intervals; the upper end of the supporting frame is hinged to the bottom surface of the platform frame through a hinge, and the rear end of the supporting frame is abutted to the upper parts of the two second-stage supporting columns under the working condition; the handrail is composed of a plurality of sections, and each section comprises a handrail rod, an upright post, a connecting lug and a pin shaft; a plurality of connecting lugs are welded on the grab bar at intervals; the upper end of each upright post is hinged with one connecting lug plate through a pin shaft, and the lower end of each upright post is inserted into one handrail mounting hole on the butt joint platform or the ladder body assembly 5; the joint of the handrail rods of the adjacent sections is respectively provided with a bulge and an L-shaped groove which are used for being connected with each other, and the joint is realized in a rotating mode.

The civil aircraft airstairs also comprise a buffer rubber tube arranged at the front end of the butt-joint platform, and the buffer rubber tube is in contact with the skin of the aircraft body under the working condition and is used for preventing the airframe from being collided by the buffer airstairs after the airstairs are stressed and sliding.

The civil aircraft airstairs also comprise a plurality of inclined support rods connected between the second-stage support columns and the middle support columns by using quick pins.

The civil aircraft airstairs further comprise a plurality of inter-column transverse supporting rods and inclined supporting rods which are connected between the two first-stage supporting rods and the two second-stage supporting rods.

The civil airplane boarding ladder further comprises two trundles which are respectively fixed at the two sides of the bottom surface of the rear end of the first-stage ladder body on the ladder body assembly, so that the folded ladder body assembly 5 can be conveniently transported.

The pedals on the ladder body and the platform pedals on the butt joint platform are made of anti-skid materials.

The civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention have the advantages that the main components of the civil aircraft airstairs can be folded, and the folded airstairs can be easily taken into the aircraft to realize random flight; the integral assembling, disassembling and folding method is simple, and can be quickly completed by 2-3 ground service personnel without relying on other power except manpower; the structural members of the airstairs are made of light aluminum alloy materials, the structure is light and simple, the space utilization rate is high, and meanwhile, the influence on the overall weight of the airplane is small. In addition, the civil airplane boarding ladder provided by the invention can be randomly carried and used by civil airplanes, improves the mobility of remote operation of the civil airplanes, and can also be applied to aircraft maintenance, fire fighting and disaster relief and ground transportation tools.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention after being assembled.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention after being assembled.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a folding process of a body assembly in a civil aircraft airstair according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a folding process of a support structure in a civil aircraft airstair provided by the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a process of folding the handrail in the civil airplane airstair provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the folded structure of the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an upper chute and a slide rail of a ladder body assembly in the novel civil aircraft boarding ladder provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the civil aircraft airstairs provided by the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the civil airplane airstairs provided by the invention comprise handrails 1, docking platforms 3, connecting pieces 4, a ladder body assembly 5, a quick pin 16, a strut assembly and a base assembly; wherein the base assembly comprises a first stage base 19, a second stage base 18 and a stationary pedestal 17; the first-stage base 19 and the second-stage base 18 are both rectangular frame structures, are arranged on the ground side by side under a working condition, are hinged together at adjacent positions through hinges 20, and can be turned over and folded onto the bottom surface of the first-stage base 19 when being folded; two fixed pedestals 17 are respectively installed at the two side parts of the rear end surface of the second-stage base 18; the strut assembly comprises a first stage strut 14, a second stage strut 6, a lateral diagonal strut 12, a bottom strut 21, a transverse strut 10 and a middle strut 11; under the working condition, the first-stage supporting columns 14 are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the two first-stage supporting columns 14 are respectively hinged to the two sides of the front end of the first-stage base 19 through hinges 20, and the first-stage supporting columns 14 and the first-stage base 19 can be attached together when being folded; the lower ends of the two second-stage supporting columns 6 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two first-stage supporting columns 14 through hinges 20, and when the second-stage supporting columns 6 are folded, the second-stage supporting columns 6 can be turned over and folded to the outer sides of the first-stage supporting columns 14; the inner ends of the two bottom stay bars 21 are respectively hinged at the lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two first-stage struts 14; every two lateral diagonal braces 12 form a group to form a nested telescopic structure, two ends of each lateral diagonal brace are respectively hinged to a connecting lug arranged at the upper part of the first-stage strut 14 and the outer end of the bottom brace 21 positioned at the same side, the position between the two lateral diagonal braces 12 is fixed by a quick pin 16 under the working condition, and the bottom brace 21 and the lateral diagonal braces 12 are both attached to the outer side surface of the first-stage strut 14 when the bottom brace and the lateral diagonal braces are folded; the lower ends of the two middle supporting columns 11 are respectively hinged to the rear parts of two side edges of the first-stage base 19 through pin shafts; two ends of the two transverse supporting rods 10 are respectively hinged at the upper ends of the two middle supporting rods 11 and the lower part of the second-stage supporting rod 6 positioned at the same side through pin shafts; the ladder body assembly 5 consists of first to third ladder bodies which are obliquely arranged under working conditions, and each ladder body comprises a ladder frame, pedals, handrail mounting holes and a U-shaped stop pin 7; the ladder frame is composed of two vertical and parallel side walls, two longitudinal sliding grooves 9 are respectively formed on the top surfaces of the two side walls of the front two-stage ladder body, two longitudinal sliding rails 15 are respectively formed on the bottom surfaces of the two side walls of the rear two-stage ladder body in an outward protruding mode, the two longitudinal sliding rails 15 on the bottom surface of the ladder frame on the rear one-stage ladder body are installed in the two longitudinal sliding grooves 9 on the surface of the ladder frame on the front one-stage ladder body in a sliding mode, and a transversely through limiting hole is respectively formed at the front end and the rear end of each of the two side walls of the ladder frame; the pedals are arranged at the inner side of the ladder frame at intervals; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside two side walls of the ladder frame at intervals; each U-shaped stop pin 7 is simultaneously inserted into corresponding limit holes at the rear end of the front step ladder body and the front end of the rear step ladder body so as to lock the positions of the two step ladder bodies; the front end of the first-stage ladder body, the middle part of the second-stage ladder body and two side parts of the rear end of the third-stage ladder body are respectively hinged on the upper ends of the second-stage support 6 and the middle support 11 and a fixed pedestal 17 through connecting pieces 4 or quick pins 16; the butt joint platform 3 comprises a platform frame, a platform pedal, a support frame and a handrail mounting hole; the rear end of the platform frame is hinged to the front end of the ladder frame on the first-stage ladder body of the ladder body assembly 5; the platform pedal is arranged on the inner side of the platform frame; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside the two sides of the platform frame at intervals; the upper end of the supporting frame is hinged on the bottom surface of the platform frame through a hinge, and the rear end of the supporting frame is abutted to the upper parts of the two second-stage supporting columns 6 under the working condition; the handrail 1 is composed of a plurality of sections, and each section comprises a handrail rod, an upright post, a connecting lug and a pin shaft; a plurality of connecting lugs are welded on the grab bar at intervals; the upper end of each upright post is hinged with one connecting lug plate through a pin shaft, and the lower end of each upright post is inserted into one handrail mounting hole on the butt-joint platform 3 or the ladder body assembly 5; the joint of the handrail rods of the adjacent sections is respectively provided with a bulge and an L-shaped groove which are used for being connected with each other, and the joint is realized in a rotating mode.

The civil aircraft airstairs also comprise a buffer rubber tube 2 arranged at the front end of the butt-joint platform 3, and the buffer rubber tube is in contact with the skin of the aircraft body under the working condition and is used for preventing the airstairs from sliding after being stressed and preventing the buffer airstairs from colliding with the aircraft body.

The civil aircraft airstairs further comprise a plurality of diagonal braces 13 connected between the second-stage support 6 and the middle support 11 by quick pins 16.

The civil aircraft boarding ladder also comprises a plurality of inter-column transverse supporting rods and inclined supporting rods which are connected between the two first-stage supporting rods 14 and the two second-stage supporting rods 6.

The civil airplane boarding ladder further comprises two trundles 8 which are respectively fixed at the two sides of the bottom surface of the rear end of the first-stage ladder body on the ladder body assembly 5, so that the folded ladder body assembly 5 can be conveniently transported.

The pedals on the ladder body and the platform pedals on the butt joint platform 3 are made of anti-skid materials.

The working process of the civil airplane boarding ladder provided by the invention is explained as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 6, when the civil aircraft airstairs need to be retracted, the quick pins 16 for fixing the transverse struts 9, the middle struts 11 and the diagonal struts 13 are firstly released by the staff, and the rod pieces are removed; then, the second-stage support 6 is slowly laid outwards, when the front part of the ladder body assembly 5 descends to a height which can be operated by a worker, the ladder body assembly 5 is taken down, the handrail 1, the butt joint platform 3 and the U-shaped stop pin 7 are detached, the three stages of ladder bodies on the ladder body assembly 5 are slidably overlapped together by utilizing the matching of the longitudinal sliding groove 9 and the longitudinal sliding rail 15, the supporting frame of the butt joint platform 3 is folded inwards, and the butt joint platform 3 and the folded ladder body assembly 5 are fixed by the U-shaped stop pin 7; then, the second-stage strut 6 on the strut assembly and the second-stage base 18 on the base assembly are turned and folded outwards, and the lateral inclined strut 12 and the bottom strut 21 are folded outside the first-stage strut 14; then the handrail 1 is split into sections and folded for folding, the spare parts which can not be taken into the folded body are folded together, finally the ladder body assembly 5, the butt joint platform 3, the strut assembly and the spare parts are fixed respectively by using soft belts, and the folding operation is completed; during assembly, firstly, the second-stage base 18 is turned over and opened, the first-stage support 14 and the second-stage support 6 are vertically pulled to be 90 degrees with the base assembly, the lateral inclined stay bars 12 and the bottom stay bars 21 are opened from the outer side of the first-stage support 14, the position between the two lateral inclined stay bars 12 is mechanically pinned by the quick pins 16, then the ladder body assembly 5 is pulled and opened, the U-shaped stop pins 7 are simultaneously inserted into the corresponding limit holes at the rear end of the front ladder body and the front end of the rear ladder body to mechanically lock the positions of the two ladder bodies, the butt joint platform 3 is hinged to the front end part of the first-stage ladder body and the support frame is opened, the handrail 1 is opened and assembled, and the handrail 1 is inserted into the mounting holes at the two sides of the ladder body assembly 5 and the butt joint platform 3; then, the rear end of the third-level ladder body is hinged with a fixed pedestal 17 by using a connecting piece 4, the front end of the first-level ladder body is hinged with the upper end of a second-level strut 6 in a horizontal state, the second-level strut 6 in the strut assembly is slowly pushed and lifted, when the second-level strut 6 is completely turned and opened, a transverse strut 10, a middle strut 11 and an inclined strut 13 are fixed between the strut assembly, the ladder body assembly 5 and a base assembly by using a quick pin 16, a lateral inclined strut 12 is fixed on the second-level strut 6 and the middle strut 11 by using the quick pin 16, and finally, the boarding ladder is pushed to a designated position, so that the assembly operation is completed.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A civil aircraft airstairs characterized in that: the civil aircraft boarding ladder comprises handrails (1), a butt joint platform (3), a connecting piece (4), a ladder body assembly (5), a quick pin (16), a strut assembly and a base assembly; wherein the base assembly comprises a first stage base (19), a second stage base (18) and a stationary pedestal (17); the first-stage base (19) and the second-stage base (18) are both of rectangular frame structures, are arranged on the ground side by side under a working condition, are hinged together at adjacent positions through hinges (20), and can be turned over and folded onto the bottom surface of the first-stage base (19) when being folded; two fixed pedestals (17) are respectively arranged at the two sides of the rear end surface of the second-stage base (18); the strut assembly comprises a first-stage strut (14), a second-stage strut (6), a lateral diagonal strut (12), a bottom strut (21), a transverse strut (10) and a middle strut (11); under the working condition, the first-stage supporting columns (14) are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the two first-stage supporting columns (14) are respectively hinged to the two sides of the front end of the first-stage base (19) through hinges (20), and the first-stage supporting columns (14) and the first-stage base (19) can be attached together when the first-stage supporting columns are folded; the lower ends of the two second-stage supporting columns (6) are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two first-stage supporting columns (14) through hinges (20), and the second-stage supporting columns (6) can be turned over and folded to the outer sides of the first-stage supporting columns (14) when being folded; the inner ends of the two bottom stay bars (21) are respectively hinged at the lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two first-stage pillars (14); every two lateral diagonal braces (12) form a group to form a nested telescopic structure, two ends of each lateral diagonal brace are respectively hinged to a connecting lug arranged at the upper part of the first-stage strut (14) and the outer end of the bottom brace (21) positioned at the same side, the position between the two lateral diagonal braces (12) is fixed by a quick pin (16) under the working condition, and the bottom brace (21) and the lateral diagonal braces (12) are attached to the outer side surface of the first-stage strut (14) during retraction; the lower ends of the two middle supporting columns (11) are respectively hinged to the rear parts of two side edges of the first-stage base (19) through pin shafts; two ends of the two transverse supporting rods (10) are respectively hinged at the upper ends of the two middle supporting rods (11) and the lower parts of the second-stage supporting rods (6) which are positioned at the same side through pin shafts; the ladder body assembly (5) consists of first to third ladder bodies which are obliquely arranged under the working condition, and each ladder body comprises a ladder frame, pedals, handrail mounting holes and a U-shaped stop pin (7); the ladder frame is composed of two vertical and parallel side walls, two longitudinal sliding grooves (9) are respectively formed on the top surfaces of the two side walls of the front two-stage ladder body, two longitudinal sliding rails (15) are respectively formed on the bottom surfaces of the two side walls of the rear two-stage ladder body in an outward protruding mode, the two longitudinal sliding rails (15) on the bottom surface of the ladder frame on the rear ladder body are installed in the two longitudinal sliding grooves (9) on the surface of the ladder frame on the front ladder body in a sliding mode, and a transversely through limiting hole is respectively formed at the front end and the rear end of each of the two side walls of the ladder frame; the pedals are arranged at the inner side of the ladder frame at intervals; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside two side walls of the ladder frame at intervals; each U-shaped stop pin (7) is inserted into corresponding limit holes at the rear end of the previous step ladder body and the front end of the next step ladder body at the same time to lock the positions of the two steps of ladder bodies; the front end of the first-stage ladder body, the middle part of the second-stage ladder body and two side parts of the rear end of the third-stage ladder body are respectively hinged on the upper ends of the second-stage support column (6) and the middle support column (11) and a fixed pedestal (17) through connecting pieces (4) or quick pins (16); the butt joint platform (3) comprises a platform frame, a platform pedal, a support frame and a handrail mounting hole; the rear end of the platform frame is hinged to the front end of the ladder frame on the first-stage ladder body of the ladder body assembly (5); the platform pedal is arranged on the inner side of the platform frame; a plurality of handrail mounting holes are welded outside the two sides of the platform frame at intervals; the upper end of the supporting frame is hinged to the bottom surface of the platform frame through a hinge (20), and the rear end of the supporting frame is abutted to the upper parts of the two second-stage supporting columns (6) under the working condition; the handrail (1) is composed of a plurality of sections, and each section comprises a handrail rod, an upright post, a connecting lug and a pin shaft; a plurality of connecting lugs are welded on the grab bar at intervals; the upper end of each upright post is hinged with one connecting lug plate through a pin shaft, and the lower end of each upright post is inserted into one handrail mounting hole on the butt joint platform (3) or the ladder body assembly (5); the joint of the handrail rods of the adjacent sections is respectively provided with a bulge and an L-shaped groove which are used for being connected with each other, and the joint is realized in a rotating mode.

2. The civil aircraft airstairs of claim 1, wherein: the civil aircraft airstairs also comprise a buffer rubber tube (2) arranged at the front end of the butt-joint platform (3), and the buffer rubber tube is in contact with the skin of the aircraft body under the working condition and is used for preventing the airstairs from sliding after being stressed and preventing the buffer airstairs from colliding with the aircraft body.

3. The civil aircraft airstairs of claim 1, wherein: the civil aircraft airstairs also comprise a plurality of inclined supporting rods (13) which are connected between the second-stage supporting columns (6) and the middle supporting column (11) by using quick pins (16).

4. The civil aircraft airstairs of claim 1, wherein: the civil aircraft boarding ladder further comprises a plurality of inter-column transverse supporting rods and inclined supporting rods which are connected between the two first-stage supporting rods (14) and the two second-stage supporting rods (6).

5. The civil aircraft airstairs of claim 1, wherein: the civil aircraft airstairs further comprise two trundles (8) which are respectively fixed on the two sides of the bottom surface of the rear end of the first-stage ladder body on the ladder body assembly (5) so as to facilitate the transportation of the folded ladder body assembly (5).

6. The civil aircraft airstairs of claim 1, wherein: the pedals on the ladder body and the platform pedals on the butt joint platform (3) are made of anti-skid materials.