Lens system for detecting 360-degree inner wall with small caliber
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cameras, in particular to a lens system for detecting a small-caliber 360-degree inner wall.
Background
Along with the high-speed growth of modern industrial production, the development of industrial detection is more and more mature, but the inner hole detection of some workpieces is difficult to realize, and in a machine vision system, certain constraint factors exist due to a common optical lens, such as three-dimensional products, inner hole side walls, cylinder outer walls and the like, which cannot be detected. The 360-degree inner wall detection lens can effectively solve the problem of detecting the side wall of the inner hole, so that the 360-degree inner wall detection lens system can perfect a general detection method in a machine vision system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of a common lens in the existing machine vision system, and aims to provide a lens system which is designed aiming at the difficult problem that inner hole detection is difficult to realize, can detect the whole 360-degree inner wall, and can detect the small-caliber 360-degree inner wall with the caliber of 8-120 mm in diameter so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the whole optical system comprises a first single negative spherical lens, a second diaphragm unit, a third single positive spherical lens, a fourth single negative spherical lens, a fifth single positive spherical lens, a sixth single positive spherical lens and a seventh single positive spherical lens which are combined to form an adhesive lens from an object side.
As a further scheme of the invention: the first single negative spherical lens is a concave-convex negative lens, and the opening direction faces the image surface.
The second unit is a diaphragm.
The third single positive spherical lens is a biconvex negative lens.
The fourth single negative spherical lens is a concave-convex negative lens, and the opening direction faces the image surface.
The fifth single positive spherical lens is a biconvex negative lens.
The sixth single positive spherical lens is a biconvex positive lens.
The seventh single positive spherical lens is a convex-concave negative lens, and the opening direction faces the image surface.
The seventh single negative spherical lens and the eighth single positive spherical lens are combined into an adhesive lens, and the opening direction is towards the object plane.
A lens system for detecting a small-caliber 360-degree inner wall, wherein a group of optical systems meet the following conditional expression:
F.NO = 3.6 TTL=60mm,
where f.no is the relative aperture of the lens, and TTL is the total optical length of the lens (the length from the vertex of the first single lens to the imaging surface).
Further, a lens system for detecting a 360 DEG inner wall of a small caliber, wherein a group of optical system characteristics satisfy the following conditional expression:
f/f1= -0.73 f1=-3.93 mm,
f/f2= 0.15 f2=19.38mm,
f/f3=-0.21 f3=-13.46mm,
f/f4=0.18 f4=16.33mm,
f/f5=0.13 f5=22.84mm,
f/f6=0.08 f6=35.14mm,
wherein f is the effective focal length of the lens, f1 is the focal length of the first single negative spherical lens, f2 is the focal length of the second single positive spherical lens, f3 is the focal length of the third single negative spherical lens, f4 is the focal length of the fourth single positive spherical lens, f5 is the focal length of the fifth single positive spherical lens, and f6 is the focal length of the sixth single positive spherical lens.
The lens system for detecting the small-caliber 360-degree inner wall comprises the following glass materials:
the first single negative spherical lens material satisfies: 1.8< Nd <1.95,35< Vd <45
The third single positive sphere lens material satisfies: 1.55< Nd <1.65,35< Vd <45
The fourth single negative spherical lens material satisfies: 1.85< Nd <1.97,17< Vd <25
The fifth single positive sphere lens material satisfies: 1.45< Nd <1.55,65< Vd <87
The sixth single positive sphere lens material satisfies: 1.45< Nd <1.55,45< Vd <70
The seventh single positive sphere lens material satisfies: 1.45< Nd <1.55,40< Vd <60
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the design is designed mainly for solving the problem that a common single lens of a machine vision system cannot detect the side wall of an inner hole, the diameter of the caliber of the inner wall can be detected from 8mm to 120mm, and the design has great market in the applications of screw inner wall appearance detection, bottle cap inner wall appearance detection, mechanical workpiece inner wall appearance detection and the like; the invention can detect the whole 360-degree inner wall, and the diameter of the caliber of the detected inner wall can be from 8mm to 120mm; the invention only uses 6 lenses, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, low cost and quick popularization in the field of small-size inner hole detection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lens system for detecting a 360 ° inner wall of a small caliber according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an optical cross-sectional view of an optical system in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a magnified cross-sectional view of a first piece of an optical system of one set of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a magnified cross-sectional view of a second piece of an optical system of one group of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a magnified cross-sectional view of a third piece of an optical system in one set of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a magnified cross-sectional view of a fourth piece of an optical system according to the invention.
Fig. 7 is a magnified cross-sectional view of a fifth piece of an optical system in one set of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a enlarged cross-sectional view of a sixth piece of the optical system of one group of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-first single negative spherical lens, 2-second diaphragm, 3-third single positive spherical lens, 4-fourth single negative spherical lens, 5-fifth single positive spherical lens, 6-sixth single positive spherical lens, 7-seventh single positive spherical lens, OBJ-detected inner hole side wall, IMA-image plane, d 1-knife, 11-first lens core thickness, d 2-first lens, air interval between diaphragms, d 3-diaphragm, air interval between second lenses, d 4-second lens core thickness, d 5-second and third lens air interval, d 6-third lens core, d 7-fourth lens core thickness, d 8-fourth and fifth air interval, d 9-fifth lens core thickness, d 10-fifth and sixth lens air interval, d 11-sixth lens core thickness.
Wherein R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41, R42, R51, R52, R61, R62 in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7 are radii of curvature of the first and second faces of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth monospherical lenses, respectively.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a lens system for detecting a 360 ° inner wall with a small caliber includes a first single negative spherical lens 1, a second single positive spherical lens 2, a third single negative spherical lens 3, a fourth single negative spherical lens 4, a fifth single positive spherical lens 5, a sixth single positive spherical lens 6 and a seventh single positive spherical lens 7, wherein the fourth single negative spherical lens 4 and the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 are combined to form an adhesive lens, OBJ is a detected inner hole sidewall, and IMA is an imaging surface.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the first single negative spherical lens 1 is a concave-convex negative lens, R11 and R12 are radii of curvature of the front surface and the rear surface of the lens, respectively, the dispersion coefficient Vd of the first single negative spherical lens 1 is 39, and the refractive index Nd is 1.88; the radius of curvature R11 towards the front object surface is 20< R11<30mm, the radius of curvature R12 towards the rear image surface is 2.4< R12<3.5mm, the core thickness d1 is 0.6< d1<1mm, the radius of curvature R11 towards the front object surface is 25.8mm, the radius of curvature R12 towards the rear image surface is 3.017mm in this embodiment, the core thickness d1 is 0.8mm.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the third single positive spherical lens 3 is a biconvex positive lens, R21 and R22 are radii of curvature of the front surface and the rear surface of the lens, respectively, the dispersion coefficient Vd of the third single positive spherical lens 3 is 36, and the refractive index Nd is 1.63; the radius of curvature R21 of the front surface facing the object space is 40< R21<55mm, the radius of curvature R22 of the rear surface facing the image space is-20 < R22< -10mm, the core thickness d4 is 3< d4<8mm, the radius of curvature R21 of the front surface facing the object space is 47.95mm, the radius of curvature R22 of the rear surface facing the image space is-15.6 mm, the core thickness d4 is 5mm, a diaphragm 2 is arranged between the third single positive spherical lens 3 and the first single negative spherical lens 1, the distance d2 between the center of the first single negative spherical lens 1 and the diaphragm 2 is 6.85mm, and the distance d3 between the center of the third single positive spherical lens 3 and the diaphragm 2 is 8.1mm.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the fourth single negative spherical lens 4 is a concave-convex negative lens, R31 and R32 are radii of curvature of a front surface and a rear surface of the lens, respectively, the dispersion coefficient Vd of the fourth single positive spherical lens 4 is 19, the refractive index Nd is 1.92, the radius of curvature R31 of the fourth single positive spherical lens 4 toward the front surface of the object is 80< R31<120mm, the radius of curvature R32 of the fourth single negative spherical lens toward the rear surface of the image is 8< R32<12mm, the core thickness d6 is 2< d6<5mm, the radius of curvature R31 of the fourth single negative spherical lens toward the front surface of the object is 90.2mm, the radius of curvature R32 of the fourth single positive spherical lens 4 toward the rear surface of the image is 10.7mm, the core thickness d7 is 3.5mm, and the distance d6 between the fourth single negative spherical lens 4 and the adjacent surface at the center of the single positive spherical lens 3 is 8mm.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 is a biconvex positive lens, R41 and R42 are radii of curvature of the front surface and the rear surface of the lens, respectively, the dispersion coefficient Vd of the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 is 70, the refractive index Nd is 1.48, the radius of curvature R41 of the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 towards the front surface of the object is 8< R41<12mm, the radius of curvature R42 of the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 towards the rear surface of the image is-30 < R42< -20mm, the core thickness d7 is 3< d7<7mm, the radius of curvature R41 of the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 towards the front surface of the object is 10.7mm, the radius of curvature R42 of the fifth single positive spherical lens towards the rear surface of the image is-26.2 mm, the core thickness d7 is 5mm, and the fourth single negative spherical lens 4 are an adhesive lens group.
Referring to fig. 2-7, the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 is a biconvex positive lens, R51 and R52 are radii of curvature of a front surface and a rear surface of the lens, respectively, the dispersion coefficient Vd of the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 is 60, the refractive index Nd is 1.52, the radius of curvature R51 of the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 facing the front surface of the object is 10< R51<18mm, the radius of curvature R52 of the sixth single positive spherical lens facing the rear surface of the image is-80 < R52< -55mm, the core thickness d9 is 3< d9<7mm, the radius of curvature R51 of the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 facing the front surface of the object is 14.3mm, the radius of curvature R52 of the sixth single positive spherical lens facing the rear surface of the image is-66.9 mm, the core thickness d9 is 5mm, and the distance d8 between the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 and the adjacent surface of the center of the fifth single positive spherical lens 5 is 1.8mm.
Referring to fig. 2 to 8, the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 is a biconvex positive lens, R61 and R62 are radii of curvature of a front surface and a rear surface of the lens, respectively, an abbe number Vd of the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 is 49, a refractive index Nd of the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 is 1.53, a radius of curvature R61 of the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 toward the front surface of the object is 12< R61<20mm, a radius of curvature R62 of the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 toward the rear surface of the image is 80< R62<150mm, a core thickness d11 is 1< d11<2.3mm, a radius of curvature R61 of the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 toward the front surface of the object is 16.3mm, a radius of curvature R62 of the seventh single positive spherical lens toward the rear surface of the image is 121.6mm, a core thickness d12 is 1.85mm, and a distance d8 between the seventh single positive spherical lens 7 and the adjacent surface at the center of the sixth single positive spherical lens 6 is 1.34mm.
In summary, the design of the present invention focuses on that the optical design of the first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh lenses is adopted, the lens is simple in structure, is designed mainly for inner hole sidewall detection, and is suitable for use in a 1/3 industrial camera.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the invention, those skilled in the art can make some simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical content, which all fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.