CN109752758B - A kind of seismic data decomposition method, system and storage medium and terminal - Google Patents
A kind of seismic data decomposition method, system and storage medium and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109752758B CN109752758B CN201910040351.8A CN201910040351A CN109752758B CN 109752758 B CN109752758 B CN 109752758B CN 201910040351 A CN201910040351 A CN 201910040351A CN 109752758 B CN109752758 B CN 109752758B
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Abstract
Present disclose provides seismic data decomposition method, system and storage medium and terminals, and by determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is the centre time of zero phase Ricker wavelet；The point centered on maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval, determines the primary period of Ricker wavelet；Primary period calculates the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet, calculates zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；Resulting wavelet component is subtracted from seismic waveform, obtains residual signals；Using residual signals as input signal, iteration is continued cycling through, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.It no longer needs to carry out Hilbert transform to seismic data, not need seismic data mapping to complex field.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to a kind of seismic data decomposition method, system and storage medium and terminal.
Background technique
Only there is provided background technical informations relevant to the disclosure for the statement of this part, it is not necessary to so constitute first skill
Art.
Seismic data rarefaction representation and Time-frequency Spectrum Analysis technology are widely used in oil and gas reservoir is characterized and predicted, wherein
There is high resolution ratio with tracking time-frequency spectrum, can more accurately characterize small scale geologic objective, such as the lesser clast of thickness
Rock rock reservoir or carbonate rock hole development belt.
Main problem existing for match tracing method is that calculation amount is huge, the seismic data Rapid matching tracking developed at present
Method has been used in the reservoir prediction of the above-mentioned type, usually determines using the instantaneous amplitude of seismic data is prior information
The centre time of wavelet, the dominant frequency for determining wavelet using instantaneous frequency is prior information accelerate Seismic Data Match tracking
Decomposable process.But it in order to utilize these prior informations, needs to carry out Hilbert transform to seismic data first, map that
In complex field, decomposable process is then completed in complex field, calculating is still very complicated, is ensuring seismic data decomposition and reconstruction essence
Under the premise of degree, match tracing decomposition rate is expected to further increase.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of seismic data decomposition method, system and storage medium and end
End, the disclosure carry out sparse decomposition to seismic data cube using real number field zero phase Ricker wavelet, and it is directly right in real number field to provide
Seismic waveform carries out the process of adaptive wavelet decomposition, does not need the instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequency information of seismic data, also not
It needs seismic data carrying out Hilbert transform, calculating process is succinct, and the sparse of large-scale seismic data cube can be rapidly completed
Decomposition and Accurate Reconstruction.
According to some embodiments, the disclosure is adopted the following technical scheme that
A kind of seismic data decomposition method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is zero
The centre time of phase Ricker wavelet；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, determines Ricker wavelet
Primary period；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；
Step 4: calculating zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；
Step 5: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 4 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Residual signals are made
It for input signal, goes to step 1 and continues cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
It is limited as further, in the step 1, absolute value is asked to seismic waveform point by point, determines wherein absolute value
Its corresponding reflection interval is set as the centre time of zero phase Ricker wavelet by maximum amplitude.
It is limited as further, in the step 2, with the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1
Centered on point, to its two sides find seismic waveform in adjacent extreme point, determine the primary period of Ricker wavelet.
It is limited as further, detailed process includes: in the step 2
(1) if maximum value amplitude is wave crest, the adjacent trough in two sides is found, the when span between this two troughs
Degree is the primary period of Ricker wavelet；
(2) if maximum value amplitude is trough, the adjacent wave crest in two sides is found, the when span between this two wave crests
Degree is the primary period of Ricker wavelet.
It is limited as further, detailed process is inverted to the primary period in the step 3, to primary period reciprocal value
Multiplied by factor I, the dominant frequency of Ricker wavelet is obtained.
It limits as further, is calculated in the step 3 according to the related coefficient between seismic waveform and Ricker wavelet
The amplitude of Ricker wavelet.
It is limited as further, the detailed process that the amplitude of Ricker wavelet is calculated in the step 3 includes:
(1) cross-correlation coefficient of seismic waveform and Ricker wavelet is calculated；
(2) auto-correlation coefficient of Ricker wavelet itself is calculated；
(3) ratio of cross-correlation coefficient and auto-correlation coefficient is calculated, which is the amplitude of Ricker wavelet.
It is limited as further, in the step 4, zero phase rake is obtained by centre time, dominant frequency and range value
Wave waveform；Specific steps are as follows: centre time, dominant frequency, amplitude are substituted into Ricker wavelet equation, the waveform of Ricker wavelet is calculated:
Wherein, A is the amplitude of Ricker wavelet, fmFor the dominant frequency of Ricker wavelet, t0For the center time.
A kind of seismic data decomposing system, runs on processor or memory, is configured as executing to give an order:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is zero
The centre time of phase Ricker wavelet；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, determines Ricker wavelet
Primary period；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；
Step 4: calculating zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；
Step 5: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 4 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Residual signals are made
It for input signal, goes to step 1 and continues cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
A kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein being stored with a plurality of instruction, described instruction is suitable for by terminal device
Reason device loads and executes the seismic data decomposition method.
A kind of terminal device, including processor and computer readable storage medium, processor is for realizing each instruction；It calculates
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing is suitable for being loaded by processor and being executed the seismic data point for storing a plurality of instruction, described instruction
Solution method.
Compared with prior art, the disclosure has the beneficial effect that
The disclosure determines centre time, the master of Ricker wavelet using seismic waveform itself using Ricker wavelet as generating function
Frequency and range value, realize the sparse decomposition of seismic data.Relative to complex field Seismic Data Match method for tracing, the disclosure have with
Lower advantage:
(1) the seismic data decomposable process in the disclosure is completed in real number field, and calculating process is succinct, and computational efficiency is than multiple
Number field match tracing method is higher；
(2) the seismic data decomposable process of the disclosure directly utilizes seismic waveform information, it is no longer necessary to seismic data into
Row Hilbert transform is not needed seismic data mapping to complex field；
(3) disclosure is not needed using instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase as the prior information of matching wavelet.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the seismic data decomposition method flow chart based on real number field zero phase Ricker wavelet；
Fig. 2 is real number field zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform diagram；
Fig. 3 is using the present embodiment to the decomposition result figure of seismic data；
Fig. 4 is the computational efficiency comparison of the present embodiment and complex field match tracing method；
Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b) are Accurate Reconstruction section after being decomposed using the present embodiment to original seismic profile；
Specific embodiment:
The disclosure is described further with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
In the disclosure, term for example "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", " side ",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "bottom" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only to facilitate describing this public affairs
The relative for opening each component or component structure relationship and determination, not refers in particular to either component or element in the disclosure, cannot understand
For the limitation to the disclosure.
In the disclosure, term such as " affixed ", " connected ", " connection " be shall be understood in a broad sense, and indicate may be a fixed connection,
It is also possible to be integrally connected or is detachably connected；It can be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For
The related scientific research of this field or technical staff can determine the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the disclosure as the case may be,
It should not be understood as the limitation to the disclosure.
The present embodiment needs first for industry Seismic Data Match tracking decomposable process by seismic data mapping to plural number
Domain exists in complex field using the instantaneous amplitude of seismic data, instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase as matching wavelet prior information
The problems such as complicated, big, prior information off-target matching wavelet is larger by noise effect is calculated, has been invented a kind of straight in real number field
Connect the method that Adaptive matching wavelet decomposition is carried out to seismic waveform.The present embodiment does not need the instantaneous amplitude of seismic data, wink
Shi Xiangwei and instantaneous frequency information do not need seismic data carrying out Hilbert transform, and calculating process is succinct, can be quick
Complete the sparse decomposition and Accurate Reconstruction of large-scale seismic data cube.
Specifically, a kind of seismic data decomposition method based on real number field zero phase Ricker wavelet, Fig. 1 is its flow chart.
Step 1: in direct search seismic waveform maximum absolute value amplitude, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is
For the centre time of zero phase Ricker wavelet；Specific step is as follows:
(1) absolute value is asked point by point to seismic waveform；
(2) its corresponding reflection interval is set as zero phase Ricker wavelet by the amplitude for searching out wherein maximum absolute value
Centre time t0；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, finds ground to its two sides
Adjacent extreme point in seismic wave shape determines the primary period of Ricker wavelet；Specific step is as follows:
(1) if maximum value amplitude is wave crest, the adjacent trough in two sides is found, the when span between this two troughs
Degree is the primary period of Ricker wavelet；
(2) if maximum value amplitude is trough, the adjacent wave crest in two sides is found, the when span between this two wave crests
Degree is the primary period of Ricker wavelet；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；Specific step is as follows:
(1) inverted to the primary period；
(2) to primary period reciprocal value multiplied byObtain the dominant frequency f of Ricker waveletm；
Step 4: calculating the amplitude of Ricker wavelet according to the related coefficient between seismic waveform and Ricker wavelet；Specific step
It is rapid as follows:
(1) the cross-correlation coefficient Cx of seismic waveform and Ricker wavelet is calculated；
(2) the auto-correlation coefficient Cr of Ricker wavelet itself is calculated；
(3) amplitude A of Ricker wavelet is equal to Cx/Cr.
Step 5: obtaining zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform by centre time, dominant frequency and range value；Specific steps are as follows: will in
Heart time t0, dominant frequency fm, amplitude A substitute into Ricker wavelet equation in, calculate the waveform of Ricker wavelet.
Step 6: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 5 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Residual signals are made
It for input signal, goes to step 1 and continues cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
For the present embodiment using zero phase Ricker wavelet as generating function, waveform is as shown in Figure 2.Wherein t0For Ricker wavelet
Centre time, tdIt is the primary period of Ricker wavelet, A0It is the amplitude of Ricker wavelet.The dominant frequency f of zero phase Ricker waveletmWith main week
Phase tdBetween meet
Adaptable, a kind of seismic data decomposing system is also provided in embodiment, is run on processor or memory, quilt
It is configured to execute to give an order:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is zero
The centre time of phase Ricker wavelet；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, determines Ricker wavelet
Primary period；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；
Step 4: calculating zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；
Step 5: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 4 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Residual signals are made
It for input signal, goes to step 1 and continues cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
A kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein being stored with a plurality of instruction, described instruction is suitable for by terminal device
Reason device loads and executes the seismic data decomposition method provided in the present embodiment.
A kind of terminal device, including processor and computer readable storage medium, processor is for realizing each instruction；It calculates
For storing a plurality of instruction, described instruction is suitable for being loaded by processor and executed to be provided machine readable storage medium storing program for executing in the present embodiment
Seismic data decomposition method.
Fig. 3 is to seismic waveform a using the present embodiment zero phase Ricker wavelet seismic data decomposition method by changing three times
The result figure that generation decomposes.First time alternate analysis goes out wavelet b, and second of alternate analysis goes out wavelet c, and third time alternate analysis goes out son
Wave d illustrates that seismic waveform a is made of zero phase Ricker wavelet b, c, d of 3 different centre times, dominant frequency and amplitude.
Fig. 4 is seismic data decomposition method and complex field match tracing method using the present embodiment to same seismic data
The computational efficiency comparison handled.It can be seen that when the length of seismic data is 0.8s, this method time-consuming 25ms, and complex field
With method for tracing time-consuming 7112ms, the computational efficiency of this method is 284.4 times of complex field match tracing method；It is other with such
It pushes away.As seen from Figure 4: no matter the length of seismic data is how many, the computational efficiency of the present embodiment is than complex field match tracing method
A order of magnitude more than 200 is improved, so that the present embodiment is more suitable for processing large-scale three dimensional seismic data.
It is handled using 3-d seismic data set of the present embodiment to 400 surveys line, every survey line 301, only with 1
The time of 15 minutes hours, and complex field match tracing method has used 2 weeks time to be just disposed, it is seen that the present embodiment is extremely
Computational efficiency is improved significantly, can adapt to the requirement that large-scale seismic data cube is quickly handled.Fig. 5 a is from the three-dimensional data
The seismic profile extracted in body, time of per pass is from 0.5s~1.5s, record length 1s.Fig. 5 b is to utilize the present embodiment pair
After it carries out sparse decomposition, the seismic profile of resulting wavelet reconstruct is recycled, it is seen that reconstruct section and original section coincide, and say
Bright the present embodiment does not lose any information when decomposing seismic data.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments herein can provide as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application
Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the application, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces
The form of product.
The application is referring to method, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs
Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Although above-mentioned be described in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure, model not is protected to the disclosure
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of the technical solution of the disclosure, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of seismic data decomposition method, it is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is zero phase
The centre time of Ricker wavelet；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, determines the main week of Ricker wavelet
Phase；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；
Step 4: calculating zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；
Step 5: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 4 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Using residual signals as defeated
Enter signal, go to step 1 and continue cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
2. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step 1, to seismic waveform
Absolute value is sought point by point, determines the amplitude of wherein maximum absolute value, its corresponding reflection interval is set as zero phase rake
The centre time of wave.
3. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step 2, with step 1
Point centered on maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval is found the adjacent extreme point in seismic waveform to its two sides, is determined
The primary period of Ricker wavelet.
4. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: detailed process packet in the step 2
It includes:
(1) if maximum value amplitude is wave crest, the adjacent trough in two sides is found, the time span between this two troughs is
The primary period of Ricker wavelet；
(2) if maximum value amplitude is trough, the adjacent wave crest in two sides is found, the time span between this two wave crests is
The primary period of Ricker wavelet.
5. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: detailed process is pair in the step 3
Primary period is inverted, to primary period reciprocal value multiplied byObtain the dominant frequency f of Ricker waveletm。
6. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to seismic waveform in the step 3
Related coefficient between Ricker wavelet calculates the amplitude of Ricker wavelet, and the detailed process for calculating the amplitude of Ricker wavelet includes:
(1) cross-correlation coefficient of seismic waveform and Ricker wavelet is calculated；
(2) auto-correlation coefficient of Ricker wavelet itself is calculated；
(3) ratio of cross-correlation coefficient and auto-correlation coefficient is calculated, which is the amplitude of Ricker wavelet.
7. a kind of seismic data decomposition method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step 4, by centre time,
Dominant frequency and range value obtain zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform；Specific steps are as follows: centre time, dominant frequency, amplitude are substituted into rake
In wave equation, the waveform of Ricker wavelet is calculated:
Wherein, A is the amplitude of Ricker wavelet, fmFor the dominant frequency of Ricker wavelet, t0For the center time.
8. a kind of seismic data decomposing system is configured as executing following finger it is characterized in that: running on processor or memory
It enables:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of maximum absolute value in seismic waveform, the amplitude corresponding reflection interval is zero phase
The centre time of Ricker wavelet；
Step 2: the point centered on the maximum value amplitude corresponding reflection interval of step 1, determines the main week of Ricker wavelet
Phase；
Step 3: calculating the dominant frequency and range value of Ricker wavelet according to the primary period of step 2；
Step 4: calculating zero phase Ricker wavelet waveform according to centre time, dominant frequency and range value；
Step 5: subtracting the resulting wavelet component of step 4 from seismic waveform, residual signals are obtained；Using residual signals as defeated
Enter signal, go to step 1 and continue cycling through iteration, until the energy of residual signals is less than given threshold value.
9. a kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein a plurality of instruction is stored with, it is characterized in that: described instruction is suitable for being set by terminal
Standby processor load and perform claim requires seismic data decomposition method described in any one of 1-7.
10. a kind of terminal device, it is characterized in that: including processor and computer readable storage medium, processor is for realizing each
Instruction；Computer readable storage medium is for storing a plurality of instruction, and described instruction is suitable for by processor load and perform claim is wanted
Seek seismic data decomposition method described in any one of 1-7.
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| CN106855638A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of match tracing earthquake spectral factorization method and device |
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| CN102879818A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2013-01-16 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Improved method for decomposing and reconstructing seismic channel data |
| CN106855638A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of match tracing earthquake spectral factorization method and device |
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