CN109750318B - Method for inhibiting PFC (Power factor correction) emission in aluminum electrolysis industry - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting PFC (Power factor correction) emission in aluminum electrolysis industry Download PDFInfo
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- CN109750318B CN109750318B CN201910216862.0A CN201910216862A CN109750318B CN 109750318 B CN109750318 B CN 109750318B CN 201910216862 A CN201910216862 A CN 201910216862A CN 109750318 B CN109750318 B CN 109750318B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for inhibiting the discharge of PFC (power factor correction) in the aluminum electrolysis industry, which is characterized in that an electrolytic cell generating an anode effect is connected with 2 adjacent electrolytic cells in parallel by utilizing a short-circuit bus at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, so that the current passing through the electrolytic cell is reduced, and the anode current density of the effect cell is changed, thereby inhibiting the generation of the anode effect and limiting the discharge of PFC in the aluminum electrolysis industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis cells, and particularly relates to a method for inhibiting PFC (power factor correction) emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry.
Background
China is the first major aluminum producing country in the world, and the yield accounts for more than 1/4 of the total global yield. Aluminum electrolysis is the world recognized first major emission source of the strong greenhouse gas PFC (perfluorocarbon), and accounts for more than 90% of the total emission in China. Therefore, the efficient control of the aluminum electrolysis atmospheric pollutants is one of the keys for supporting the obvious improvement of the air quality in China at present. Perfluorocarbons are a difficult point and a key point for controlling atmospheric pollutants in the aluminum electrolysis process.
The anode effect is the root cause of the generation of carbon fluoride in the aluminum electrolysis cell, and the source inhibition is the main way for controlling the perfluorocarbon at present. The control of the anode effect at home and abroad is mainly started from the aspects of inert anodes, process control, electrolytic tank optimization design, raw material quality and the like, but the control level of the aluminum electrolysis perfluorocarbons is relatively low in China, and the emission of per ton of aluminum perfluorocarbons (0.8t CO)2Equivalent) is 3.5 times the international level. Meanwhile, as the capacity of the electrolytic cell in China is increased from 400kA to 600kA, the anode effect cannot be accurately controlled by the original process control method based on lumped parameter sampling, so that the scintillation anode effect in a local area is frequent, and the perfluorocarbon is difficult to control. How to inhibit the high-capacity aluminum electrolysis perfluorocarbon from the source is a key problem for controlling the air pollution of the aluminum industry.
Chinese patent 102409360a is based on the deviation of the anode current density generated by the detection theory and the actual trigger PFC, and moves the crown block to adjust the anode height, which is complicated to operate and cannot process a plurality of effect cells at the same time. Chinese patent 102808199B judges the critical concentration of alumina based on a PFC monitoring system capable of measuring the change in the PFC gas content in the discharged flue gas, but has high cost and untimely effect extinction. Therefore, there is a need to design a method for suppressing PFC emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry, which is simple in operation and effective in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a method for inhibiting PFC emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry, which utilizes a short-circuit bus at the bottom of an electrolytic cell to change the anode current density of an effect cell and limits the PFC emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry through the inhibition treatment of the anode effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for inhibiting PFC emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry is characterized in that electrolysis cells are arranged in a single-row double-end power-feeding mode, the electrolysis cells in the series are all in a series connection mode, when a cell control box detects that the voltage of one electrolysis cell rises rapidly and reaches a set value, the electrolysis cell is judged to generate an anode effect, the electrolysis cell is changed into an effect cell, and the effect cell is short-circuited through a cell bottom short-circuit bus;
then cutting off the original series connection of the electrolytic cell, connecting one end of the short-circuit bus at the bottom of the adjacent electrolytic cell at the upstream of the effect cell with the bus inlet end thereof, connecting the other end of the short-circuit bus with the bus inlet end of the effect cell, connecting one end of the short-circuit bus at the bottom of the adjacent electrolytic cell at the downstream with the bus outlet end thereof, and connecting the other end of the short-circuit bus with the bus outlet end of the effect cell;
and then, field workers extinguish the anode effect of the effect cell, restore the voltage to normal voltage, reset each short-circuit bus and each connecting bus after the operation is finished, and re-connect the effect cell into a series to restore the normal electrolysis working state.
Further, field workers use effect bars to extinguish the anode effect.
Further, when the cell control box detects that the voltage of a certain electrolytic cell rapidly rises and reaches 8V, the cell is judged to generate the anode effect.
Further, the normal voltage of the electrolytic cell was 4V.
Furthermore, the short-circuit bus at the bottom of each electrolytic cell is automatically connected with the original series of buses through a mechanical moving mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is suitable for aluminum electrolysis cells with different structures and different current levels, and the structure of the electrolysis cell does not need to be changed for the electrolysis cell which is put into production, so that the discharge of PFC in the aluminum electrolysis industry can be limited by the inhibition treatment of the anode effect on the premise of ensuring the stable production of the electrolysis cell, not stopping the cell and not damaging the cell body.
2. The invention can effectively inhibit the generation of PFC from the source, has important significance for the emission reduction of PFC, and is beneficial to the energy conservation and emission reduction of the aluminum electrolysis industry.
3. The invention has simple realization mode, convenient operation and reliable work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the short-circuit bus connection during normal operation of an electrolytic cell line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of effect cell shorts in a series of electrolysis cells;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the short-circuit busbar connection between an effect cell and an adjacent normal cell in a series of electrolysis cells.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the structure of the electrolytic cell series of the present embodiment is: the electrolytic cells 1 are arranged in a single-row double-end power feeding mode, the electrolytic cells 1 in the series are all in a series connection mode, the electrolytic cells 1 are connected through a bus 2, namely, current is sent to the anode of the first electrolytic cell 1 from the positive electrode subjected to rectification through the bus 2, then is guided to the cathode through an electrolyte and an aluminum liquid layer, and is guided to the anode of the second electrolytic cell 1 through the bus 2, the current is sequentially connected, the current guided out of the cathode of the last electrolytic cell returns to the negative electrode subjected to rectification through a large bus, so that the whole series becomes a closed direct current series circuit, and a cell control box (not shown in the figure) for detecting the voltage and other parameters of each cell is further arranged on the electrolytic cell series.
In the process of aluminum electrolysis production, a cell control box detects that the voltage of a certain cell rapidly rises to 8V in a short time and still has a rising trend, the cell is judged to generate an anode effect, the electrolytic cell is changed into an effect cell 3, and the effect cell 3 is short-circuited through a cell bottom short-circuit bus 4 to ensure that series current can stably pass through, as shown in figure 2.
Referring to fig. 3, then the effect cell 3 is cut off from the original series connection, one end of the short-circuit bus 5 at the bottom of the adjacent cell at the upstream of the effect cell 3 is connected with the bus inlet end of the adjacent cell at the upstream, the other end is connected with the bus inlet end of the effect cell 3, one end of the short-circuit bus 6 at the bottom of the adjacent cell at the downstream is connected with the bus outlet end of the adjacent cell at the upstream, and the other end is connected with the outlet end of the effect cell 3, so that the effect cell 3 and the adjacent cell 1 without anode effect are connected into the series in parallel, on one hand, the operation of the cells is ensured, and on the other hand, the purpose of inhibiting the overhigh voltage generated by the anode effect is achieved. The field workers are informed to process the electrolytic cell by whistling and the like, the field workers use the effect bar to extinguish the anode effect (the wood bar is inserted into the bottom of the anode to extinguish the anode effect), after the operation is finished, the voltage of the effect cell 3 is recovered to about 4V, at the moment, the electrolytic cell 3 is recovered to the normal electrolytic state,
then the parallel connection state of the two ends of the effect cell 3 and the adjacent electrolytic cell 1 is cut off, the short circuit between the effect cell and the series is kept, the cell bottom bus 4 is moved, the effect cell is connected into the series, and the normal electrolytic working state is recovered, as shown in figure 1.
Concretely, the short circuit generating line realizes the automatic connection with original series generating line at bottom of every electrolysis trough through mechanical moving mechanism's drive, the electrolysis trough, mechanical moving mechanism and groove accuse case electric connection form control circuit, the connection and the disconnection of whole operation process short circuit generating line all control through control circuit, be the conventional design in this field as to specific structure and mechanical moving mechanism etc. of control circuit, current structures such as linear actuating mechanism that mechanical moving mechanism can adopt the motor to drive, not the key of this application improvement, no longer describe herein.
In the embodiment, the short-circuit bus at the bottom of the electrolytic cell is utilized to connect the electrolytic cell with the anode effect and the adjacent electrolytic cell in a parallel connection state, so that the current passing through the electrolytic cell is reduced, and the anode current density of the effect cell is changed, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of the anode effect and limiting the discharge of PFC (power factor correction) in the aluminum electrolysis industry.
The method can effectively inhibit the generation of PFC from the root, has simple realization mode, convenient operation and reliable work, is suitable for the aluminum electrolysis cells with different structures and different current levels, does not need to change the structure of the electrolysis cell for the electrolysis cell which is put into production, and can realize the limitation of the emission of PFC in the aluminum electrolysis industry by the inhibition treatment of the anode effect on the premise of ensuring the stable production of the electrolysis cell, not stopping the cell and not damaging the cell body.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for inhibiting PFC emission in the aluminum electrolysis industry is characterized in that electrolytic cells are arranged in a single-row double-end power feeding mode, and the electrolytic cells in the series are all in a series connection mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the cell control box detects that the voltage of a certain electrolytic cell rapidly rises and reaches a set value, the cell is judged to generate an anode effect, the electrolytic cell becomes an effect cell, and the effect cell is short-circuited through a cell bottom short-circuit bus;
then cutting off the original series connection of the effect cell, connecting one end of the short-circuit bus at the bottom of the adjacent electrolytic cell at the upstream of the effect cell with the bus inlet end thereof, connecting the other end of the short-circuit bus with the bus inlet end of the effect cell, connecting one end of the short-circuit bus at the bottom of the adjacent electrolytic cell at the downstream with the bus outlet end thereof, and connecting the other end of the short-circuit bus with the bus outlet end of the effect cell;
and then the anode effect of the effect cell is extinguished, the voltage is restored to the normal voltage, after the operation is finished, each short-circuit bus is reset, the effect cell is connected into the series again, and the normal electrolysis working state is restored.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the field worker extinguishes the anodic effect with an effect bar.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: when the cell control box detects that the voltage of a certain electrolytic cell rapidly rises and reaches 8V, the cell is judged to generate the anode effect.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the normal voltage of the cell was 4V.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the whistling mode informs field workers to treat the electrolytic cell.
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| CN102703931A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for stopping and starting two-end electrifying inwards-inclined short circuit port electrolytic cell in uninterruptible power manner |
| CN104250835A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Two-end electrified aluminum electrolysis cell type structure for operating short-circuit bus without power cut |
| CN104514015A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium electrolytic tank paralleling preheating device and method |
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- 2019-03-20 CN CN201910216862.0A patent/CN109750318B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4230540A (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1980-10-28 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Technique for automatic quenching of anode effects in aluminium reduction cells |
| US5810993A (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-09-22 | Emec Consultants | Electrolytic production of neodymium without perfluorinated carbon compounds on the offgases |
| EP1078115A1 (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2001-02-28 | Kaiser Aluminium & Chemical Corporation | System and method for predicting impending anode effect in aluminum reduction cells |
| CN1772958A (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2006-05-17 | 梁学民 | Apparatus and method for aluminium electrolysing series uninterruption Stop (opening) electrolytic tank |
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