CN109748709A - A kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of compound fertilizer, comprising: a) melts ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, filler are heated；B) ammonium nitrate after melting is mixed with monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride and the filler after heating；C) cooling after being granulated mixed material；D) material after cooling is sieved；E) it is improved after cooling down the material after screening again.

Description

A kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer

The present invention relates to field of fertilizer production, and in particular to the preparation method of compound fertilizer.

Compound fertilizer refers to simultaneously containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements or chemical fertilizer containing only two kinds of elements of any of them.It Overcome traditional straight fertilizer (contain only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium one of which element chemical fertilizer) the single disadvantage of content, Ke Yigen It is formulated according to the number of N-P-K content in the soil of different regions.

A kind of compound fertilizer contains three kinds of elements of N P and K simultaneously, and raw material includes: ammonium nitrate (containing nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen), Monoammonium phosphate (contains ammonium nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus, citric acid soluble phosphorus), and potassium chloride (contains magnesium chloride) simultaneously, additive (calcic, iron, sulphur Equal microelements), borax (boracic), additive and borax are known as filler.

This compound fertilizer contains quick-acting phosphorus and slow phosphorus because containing water-soluble phosphorus and Chinese holly Soluble phosphorus simultaneously simultaneously, It can quickly be absorbed by crop, and base fertilizer can be made；Contain nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen simultaneously, crop and fruit quality can be improved, make vegetable The industrial crops such as dish, fruit are best in quality；Containing various middle microelements needed for crop, there is comprehensive yield increase effect.

But the current production technology of this compound fertilizer is to add the technique production of phosphoric acid, gas ammonia using nitric acid, it is desirable that necessary It is configured with the devices such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid and synthesis ammonia, it is more demanding to scale of investment.

Present invention solves the problem in that providing a kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer, it is not required to mating nitric acid, phosphoric acid and conjunction The devices such as ammonification, process flow is simple, and scale of investment is small.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer, comprising:

A) ammonium nitrate is melted, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, filler is heated；

B) ammonium nitrate after melting is mixed with monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride and the filler after heating；

C) cooling after being granulated mixed material；

D) material after cooling is sieved；

E) it is improved after cooling down the material after screening again.

Preferably, further including carrying out brokenly raw material ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride respectively before the step a) Broken, screening and metering, and filler is measured.

Preferably, the temperature that ammonium nitrate melts in the step a) is 180 DEG C~185 DEG C.

Preferably, the temperature that monoammonium phosphate heats in the step a) is 50 DEG C~70 DEG C.

Preferably, potassium chloride and the temperature of filler heating are 90 DEG C~110 DEG C in the step a).

Preferably, by the ammonium nitrate after melting and the monoammonium phosphate after heating, potassium chloride and filler in the step b) Mixing mixes specifically, the ammonium nitrate after melting is first carried out the first order with the monoammonium phosphate after heating, then mixed object Material carries out the second level with the mixture of potassium chloride and filler again and mixes.

Preferably, the temperature of the first order mixing is 150 DEG C~165 DEG C.

Preferably, the temperature of the second level mixing is 150 DEG C~160 DEG C.

Preferably, material after cooling is carried out screening as partial size is less than 1mm and is greater than in the step d) The material screening of 4.75mm is gone out, and is back to second level mixing；Partial size is more than or equal to 1mm and is less than or equal to the material of 4.75mm It enters step e).

Preferably, the step e) further includes sieving material after cooling again again.

The preparation method of compound fertilizer provided by the invention is carried out using the technique of ammonium nitrate melting plus powdery monoammonium phosphate The devices such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid and synthesis ammonia are saved in production, and process flow is simple, and scale of investment is small, the every chemical fertilizer granule prepared In all contain uniform nutrient, be suitble to mechanized application.

Compound fertilizer provided by the invention the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) preferably, being pre-processed first to each raw material, including broken, screening and metering.By raw material ammonium nitrate through expecting Bucket investment bucket elevator, is transported to vibrating screen, and the agglomeration ammonium nitrate after vibrating screen sieves is through broken crusher machine, broken bulk Ammonium nitrate is transported to vibrating screen by bucket elevator again, and tiny bulk ammonium nitrate enters metering system again below vibrating screen to be counted Amount.Raw material monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride are by entering metering system after the identical process processing of same ammonium nitrate.

Filler by metering is preferably mixed with the potassium chloride by metering, is carried out second together and is measured, filler is to add Add the mixture of agent and borax, includes the microelements such as calcium, iron, sulphur in additive.The metering of every kind of raw material is system according to defeated The proportion for entering every kind of raw material of computer carries out automatic continuous measuring, and every kind of raw material after metering is dedicated using up to hundred meters Lifting means is promoted to respectively at the top of hundred meters high of high tower.

2) ammonium nitrate after metering enters dedicated fusion apparatus, and the temperature of fusion tank is preferably controlled in 180 DEG C~185 DEG C, start to melt when the temperature of ammonium nitrate is to 179 DEG C.Meanwhile by monoammonium phosphate powder heater after metering into Row heating, the temperature of heating is preferably 50 DEG C~70 DEG C.

By mixing and potassium chloride after second measures and filler are also fed into powder heater and heat, and heat Temperature be preferably 90 DEG C~110 DEG C.Since the temperature of ammonium nitrate melting is higher, ammonium nitrate is liquid when melting, powdered Filler is not suitable for mixing with ammonium nitrate, and the heating temperature of monoammonium phosphate is lower, therefore filler is most suitable for mixing with potassium chloride.

3) ammonium nitrate after melting is mixed with monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride and the filler after heating.Due in molten condition When ammonium nitrate easily explode, monoammonium phosphate has the performance for preventing Explosion of Ammonium Nitrate, and potassium chloride can then promote explosion, because This is avoided the generation of negative reaction as mixed processes are preferably divided into two-stage progress.Specially first by after melting ammonium nitrate with Monoammonium phosphate after heating carries out first order mixing, and first order mixing temperature is preferably 150 DEG C~165 DEG C, then mixed Material carries out the second level with the mixture of potassium chloride and filler again and mixes, and second level mixing temperature is preferably 150 DEG C~160 DEG C.

4) suspension of mixed material is granulated, differential type pelletizer can be used, high-temp liquid is after being granulated Become uniform drop, then freely fallen from 80 meters of high-altitude, the natural cooling in dropping process and solidify, form appearance Smooth, mellow and full material.

5) fall to tower bottom material after cooling and screening plant be delivered to by conveyer belt, to material according to particle size into Row screening, partial size is less than 1mm and the particle greater than 4.75mm is sized out, and the particle greater than 4.75mm is broken through crusher again Second level mixed processes are entered back into the fine particle less than 1mm after broken, are granulated again after being mixed again with material.

6) partial size is more than or equal to 1mm and the material feeding cooling device for being less than or equal to 4.75mm cools down again, so After carry out conditioning processing become compound fertilizer.Since material after cooling can generate fine powder again, as preferred Material after cooling needs once to be sieved again again, and the material of partial size qualification just carries out conditioning processing.

Embodiment:

The percentage of weight formula of the compound fertilizer of preparation are as follows: ammonium nitrate 43%, monoammonium phosphate 28%, potassium chloride 25.7% add Add agent 2.7%, borax 0.6% inputs above each weight percent in the computer of metering system, according to the proportion system It is standby.

The temperature setting of fusion tank is 182 DEG C, and the temperature of monoammonium phosphate heating device is set as 60 DEG C, potassium chloride heating The temperature of device is set as 100 DEG C, and first order mixing temperature is 155 DEG C, and second level mixing temperature is 155 DEG C.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer characterized by comprising

A) ammonium nitrate is melted, the temperature of fusion tank is 182 DEG C, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, filler is heated, monoammonium phosphate adds The temperature of thermal is set as 60 DEG C, and the temperature of potassium chloride heating device is set as 100 DEG C；

B) ammonium nitrate after melting is mixed with monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride and the filler after heating,

It is mixed specifically, the ammonium nitrate after melting is first carried out the first order with the monoammonium phosphate after heating, then mixed object Material carries out the second level with the mixture of potassium chloride and filler again and mixes, and first order mixing temperature is 155 DEG C, second level mixing temperature It is 155 DEG C；

The filler is the mixture of additive and borax；

C) cooling after being granulated mixed material；

D) material after cooling is sieved；

E) it is improved after cooling down the material after screening again；

Percentage of weight formula are as follows: ammonium nitrate 43%, monoammonium phosphate 28%, potassium chloride 25.7%, additive 2.7%, borax 0.6%.

2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include by raw material nitric acid before the step a) Ammonium, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride are crushed respectively, are sieved and are measured, and are measured to filler.

3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out material after cooling in the step d) Screening is gone out for the material screening by partial size less than 1mm and greater than 4.75mm, and is back to second level mixing；Partial size is more than or equal to 1mm is simultaneously entered step e) less than or equal to the material of 4.75mm.

4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step e) further includes will be after cooling again Material is sieved again.