CN109746446B - Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy - Google Patents
Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109746446B CN109746446B CN201910204808.4A CN201910204808A CN109746446B CN 109746446 B CN109746446 B CN 109746446B CN 201910204808 A CN201910204808 A CN 201910204808A CN 109746446 B CN109746446 B CN 109746446B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- laser
- micro
- groove
- metal powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy, which comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a laser micro-area metallurgy system; secondly, determining the type of the metal powder and preparing various metal powders with sufficient mass; thirdly, moving a blanking device; fourthly, fixing the total mass of the mixed powder and controlling the output of various metal powders according to the mass ratio of the various metal powders; fifthly, mixing and putting various metal powders; sixthly, completing the throwing of the mixed powder in all the grooves on the substrate; setting laser processing parameters of the laser generation subsystem and performing micro-area metallurgy; establishing a corresponding relation between components of the laser additive alloy sample and a microstructure, and carrying out micro-nano indentation test on the laser additive alloy sample; ninthly, training a BP neural network model; and tenthly, establishing a laser additive alloy sample material gene library. The high-energy laser beam of the invention carries out fixed-point micro-area smelting on the mixed powder preset in the groove on the substrate, and realizes the micro-area alloying of the metal material based on the strong convection of a laser molten pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser additive, and particularly relates to a method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-zone metallurgy.
Background
Laser additive manufacturing is rapidly developed in a brand-new manufacturing mode, and the concept transition from traditional 'material reduction manufacturing, material waiting manufacturing' to 'material addition manufacturing' is realized. The processing technology is characterized in that powder is used as a base, and high-energy laser beams are adopted to build up solid parts layer by layer in a cladding mode. The laser additive manufacturing technology greatly reduces the time from the development of a product to the market, greatly reduces the development cost of the product, particularly enables the product to be manufactured more quickly, flexibly, individually and variously, and has incomparable advantages in the development of new products and single-piece small-batch production. In the process of manufacturing the component by the laser additive, due to the stress concentration of a nonequilibrium structure and a micro area caused by the rapid fusing characteristic of high-energy beam laser, the microstructure and the performance of the alloy manufactured by the laser additive are different from those of the traditional processing technology, so that the advantages of the laser additive manufacturing technology cannot be fully exerted. Therefore, the design of laser additive "special alloy" is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently on the way of laser additive technology development.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-zone metallurgy, which aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and is characterized in that a laser micro-zone metallurgy system is constructed to melt a high-energy laser beam to a mixed powder fixed-point micro-zone preset in a groove on a substrate, the micro-zone alloying of a metal material is realized based on the strong convection of a laser molten pool, the rapid preparation of a multi-element multi-component metal material is realized, the gene library is expanded on the existing alloy, the efficient design and preparation of a laser additive alloy are realized, and the popularization and the use are convenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a laser micro-area metallurgy system: horizontally placing a substrate on a laboratory bench, putting mixed powder into the substrate through a feeding subsystem, and metallurgically forming a laser additive alloy sample from a mixed powder micro-area through a laser generation subsystem, wherein the substrate, the feeding subsystem and the laser generation subsystem form a laser micro-area metallurgical system;
the base body is a ceramic base body, N spherical-crown-shaped grooves arranged in an array manner are formed in the ceramic base body, the radius R of a sphere where the grooves are located is 5-20 mm, and the depth h of each groove is 5-20 mm
Two adjacent to each otherThe distance between the grooves is 0.5 cm-1 cm, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 100;
the feeding subsystem comprises a powder discharging mechanism, a powder mixer for mixing various metal powders output by the powder discharging mechanism and a blanking device for accurately putting the mixed metal powders output by the powder mixer into the groove, the blanking device is arranged on a first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of a space rectangular coordinate system, the powder mixer is inserted into the blanking device in a downward inclination manner and fixed on the blanking device, the powder discharging mechanism comprises a powder collecting pipe and a plurality of single-path powder discharging devices, the single-path powder discharging devices are communicated with the powder collecting pipe through a single-path powder conveying pipe, the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe is consistent with the structural size of the feeding end of the powder mixer, the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe is connected with the feeding end of the powder mixer, the single-path powder discharging devices are precise automatic conveying devices for powdery raw materials containing the metal powders and accurately outputting the metal powders with specified quality, and discharging nozzles are arranged at the discharging end of the powder mixer, the discharging nozzle is a funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, an automatic opening and closing door is installed at the discharging end of the funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, a weighing sensor is installed on the side wall of the funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, the blanking device comprises a cylindrical container and a horn-shaped container which is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical container and is integrally processed and manufactured with the cylindrical container, the small opening end of the horn-shaped container is the discharging end of the blanking device, and the size of the discharging end of the blanking device is consistent with that of the opening end of the groove;
the area of a tail end light spot of a high-energy laser beam output by the laser generation subsystem is smaller than that of an open end of the groove, and the laser generation subsystem is arranged on a second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction of a space rectangular coordinate system;
the automatic opening and closing door, the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and the laser generation subsystem are controlled by a computer, and a signal output end of the weighing sensor is connected with a signal input end of the computer;
step two, determining the type of the metal powder and preparing various metal powders with sufficient mass: determining the types of metal powder according to the design of alloy components, selecting single-way powder discharging devices with the same number as the types of the metal powder in a powder discharging mechanism, and respectively adding the metal powder into each single-way powder discharging device in sufficient quantity;
step three, moving a blanking device: moving the blanking device to the position of the appointed groove on the base body by utilizing the first three-freedom-degree mechanical arm, so that the discharge end of the blanking device is aligned to the open end of the groove, and the discharge end of the blanking device is in contact with the open end of the appointed groove and has no gap;
step four, fixing the total mass of the mixed powder and controlling the simultaneous output of various metal powders according to the mass ratio of the various metal powders: according to the formula
Calculating mass m of metal powder of i-th type determined by alloy composition designiWherein M is the total mass of the mixed powder, rhoiThe percentage of the ith metal powder in the total mass of the mixed powder is, K is the type and quantity of the metal powder, and the ith metal powder is placed in an ith single-way powder outlet device;
controlling the K metal powder to be output simultaneously by a computer according to the mass ratio of the K metal powder;
step five, mixing and putting various metal powders: inputting metal powder in the single-way powder outlet device into a powder collecting pipe through a single-way powder feeding pipe, inputting various metal powders in the powder collecting pipe into a powder mixer, sliding the various mixed metal powders in the powder mixer to the position of a discharging nozzle, controlling an automatic opening and closing door to open by a computer when the total mass of the various mixed metal powders collected by a weighing sensor is M, putting the various mixed metal powders into a blanking device, and executing a sixth step after the metal powders fall into a specified groove through a small opening end of a horn-shaped container; when the total mass of the mixed metal powder collected by the weighing sensor is not equal to M, the first three-freedom-degree manipulator moves the blanking device out of the base body, the computer controls the automatic opening and closing door to open, the mixed metal powder is put into the blanking device, and the third step is executed after the mixed metal powder falls into the recovery container through the small opening end of the horn-shaped container;
step six, replacing a new groove, and taking the new groove as a specified groove and then circulating the step three to the step five until the mixed powder in all the grooves on the substrate is put;
step seven, setting laser processing parameters of the laser generation subsystem and performing micro-area metallurgy: the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is used for moving the blanking device to the outside of the base body, the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is used for moving the laser generation subsystem to the upper side of the base body, the tail end light spot of the high-energy laser beam output by the laser generation subsystem is aligned to the open end of the groove, the laser power of the high-energy laser beam output by the laser generation subsystem is set to be 1000-3000W, and the mixed powder micro-area metallurgical mode in each groove is the same;
the metallurgical process of the mixed powder micro-area in any groove comprises the following steps: starting a laser generation subsystem, wherein a high-energy laser beam output by the laser generation subsystem rapidly melts the mixed powder in the groove at a fixed point, and acts on the groove to realize rapid self-convection metallurgy of a melting zone without external stress and obtain a laser additive alloy sample;
step eight, establishing a corresponding relation between components of the laser additive alloy sample and a microstructure, and carrying out micro-nano indentation test on the laser additive alloy sample: scanning and observing each laser additive alloy sample by using an optical lens and a scanning electron microscope to obtain microscopic structure parameters of each laser additive alloy sample, wherein the microscopic structure parameters comprise a plurality of phase morphological parameters, and each phase morphological parameter comprises a phase length, a phase width and a phase volume fraction;
establishing a corresponding relation between the quality of each component of each laser additive alloy sample and the microstructure parameters of each laser additive alloy sample;
meanwhile, carrying out micro-nano indentation test on each laser additive alloy sample to obtain the hardness and elastic modulus of each laser additive alloy sample;
step nine, training a BP neural network model: taking the mass of each component of the laser additive alloy sample as an input layer node of a BP neural network model, and taking the microstructure parameters, hardness and elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample as output layer nodes of the BP neural network model, and training the BP neural network model;
step ten, establishing a laser additive alloy sample material gene library: and (3) filling a laser additive alloy sample material gene library with a laser additive alloy sample formed by micro-zone melting, and predicting the hardness and the elastic modulus of a new laser additive alloy sample by using a BP neural network model to expand the laser additive alloy sample material gene library.
The method for establishing the material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the metal powder is simple substance metal powder or intermediate alloy powder, and the particle size of the metal powder is 45-150 mu m.
The method for establishing the material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the powder mixer is inserted into the blanking device with 45-degree downward inclination.
The method for establishing the material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the height of the mixed powder in the groove is not higher than the depth of the groove.
The method for establishing the material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step eight, performing tissue observation on a series of laser additive alloy samples with different components by using an optical mirror and a scanning electron microscope, and then characterizing and extracting the microstructure parameters of each laser additive alloy sample by using Image-Plus software.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by constructing a laser micro-area metallurgy system, a ceramic matrix is adopted as the matrix, so that wetting action after melting with metal is avoided, a plurality of grooves are formed in the matrix, mixed powder is put into each groove in the matrix by using a feeding subsystem, the grooves are arc-shaped, the mixed powder in the grooves is quickly melted at fixed points by using a high-energy laser beam output by a laser generation subsystem, and the high-energy laser beam acts on the grooves, so that the melting area quick self-convection metallurgy without external stress is realized, and a plurality of groups of laser additive alloy samples with different components are quickly prepared in a short time. Overcomes the defects of low speed and easy segregation of the traditional alloy smelting, and is convenient for application and popularization.
2. According to the invention, the weighing sensor is arranged at the lower position of the discharging nozzle of the nozzle, whether the material output by the feeding subsystem is accurate is rechecked, when the total mass of various mixed metal powders collected by the weighing sensor is not equal to a preset value, the first three-degree-of-freedom manipulator moves the powder guide out of the matrix, the automatic opening and closing door is controlled by the computer to be opened, the various mixed metal powders are put into the powder guide and fall into the recovery container through the small opening end of the horn-shaped container, the powder mass obtained in each groove is ensured to be known, the mass ratio of each metal is known, and reliable data support, accuracy and reliability are provided for the establishment of the material gene library.
3. The method has simple steps, and after mixed powder with different metal mass ratios is put into all the grooves, a laser generation subsystem is adopted to intensively carry out micro-area metallurgy on the mixed powder in all the grooves, so that high-energy laser beams melt the mixed powder preset in the grooves on the substrate in a fixed-point micro-area mode, the micro-area alloying of the metal material is realized based on the strong convection of a laser molten pool, the rapid preparation of the multi-element multi-component metal material is realized, finally, the quality of each component of a laser additive alloy sample is taken as an input layer node of a BP neural network model, the microstructure parameters, the hardness and the elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample are taken as output layer nodes of the BP neural network model, the BP neural network model is trained, the expansion of the existing alloy is carried out on a gene library, the efficient design and preparation of the laser additive alloy are realized, and the popularization and the use are convenient.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the micro-area alloying of the metal material based on the strong convection of the laser molten pool by constructing the laser micro-area metallurgy system to melt the mixed powder preset in the groove on the substrate in a fixed-point micro-area mode by the high-energy laser beam, realizes the rapid preparation of the multi-element multi-component metal material, expands the gene library of the existing alloy, realizes the efficient design and preparation of the laser additive alloy, and is convenient for popularization and use.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooperative relationship of a dosing subsystem and a substrate in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the laser generating subsystem and the substrate.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a substrate according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fit relationship between the mixed powder and the grooves.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching relationship between a laser additive alloy sample and a groove according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a method flow of the method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-single-way powder outlet device; 2-single-way powder feeding pipe; 3-a powder collecting pipe;
4-powder mixer; 8, a discharge nozzle; 9-blanking device;
10-a substrate; 11-a groove; 12-a laser generation subsystem;
13-high energy laser beam; 14-mixing powder;
15-laser additive alloy test sample.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-zone metallurgy of the present invention comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a laser micro-area metallurgy system: horizontally placing a substrate 10 on a laboratory bench, putting mixed powder 14 into the substrate 10 through a feeding subsystem, and metallurgically forming micro-areas of the mixed powder 14 into a laser additive alloy sample 15 through a laser generation subsystem 12, wherein the substrate 10, the feeding subsystem and the laser generation subsystem 12 form a laser micro-area metallurgical system;
the base body 10 is a ceramic base body, N spherical-crown-shaped grooves 11 arranged in an array manner are formed in the ceramic base body, the radius R of a sphere where the grooves 11 are located is 5-20 mm, and the depth h of each groove 11 is 5-20 mm
The distance between two adjacent grooves 11 is 0.5 cm-1 cm, wherein N is not less than 100A positive integer of (d);
it should be noted that, the base 10 is a ceramic base, so as to avoid wetting with metal powder, and the base 10 is provided with a plurality of grooves 11, the feeding subsystem is used to feed mixed powder 14 into each groove 11 of the base 10, the grooves 11 are in a spherical crown shape, the high-energy laser beam 13 output by the laser generation subsystem 12 is used to melt the mixed powder in the grooves 11 at a fixed point quickly, the high-energy laser beam 13 acts on the grooves 11, thereby realizing the melting zone quick self-convection metallurgy without external stress, and quickly preparing a plurality of groups of laser additive alloy samples 15 with different components in a short time.
The feeding subsystem comprises a powder discharging mechanism, a powder mixer 4 for mixing various metal powders output by the powder discharging mechanism and a blanking device 9 for accurately putting the mixed metal powders output by the powder mixer 4 into the groove 11, wherein the blanking device 9 is arranged on a first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of a space rectangular coordinate system, the powder mixer 4 is inserted into the blanking device 9 in a downward inclination manner and fixed on the blanking device 9, the powder discharging mechanism comprises a powder collecting pipe 3 and a plurality of single-path powder discharging devices 1, the single-path powder discharging devices 1 are communicated with the powder collecting pipe 3 through a single-path powder conveying pipe 2, the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe 3 is consistent with the structural size of the feeding end of the powder mixer 4, the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe 3 is connected with the feeding end of the powder mixer 4, the single-path powder discharging devices 1 are precise raw material automatic conveying devices for containing the metal powders and precisely outputting the metal powders with specified quality, a discharge nozzle 8 is installed at the discharge end of the powder mixer 4, the discharge nozzle 8 is a funnel-shaped discharge nozzle, an automatic opening and closing door is installed at the discharge end of the funnel-shaped discharge nozzle, a weighing sensor is installed on the side wall of the funnel-shaped discharge nozzle, the blanking device 9 comprises a cylindrical container and a horn-shaped container which is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical container and is integrally processed with the cylindrical container, the small opening end of the horn-shaped container is the discharge end of the blanking device 9, and the size of the discharge end of the blanking device 9 is consistent with that of the opening end of the groove 11;
in this embodiment, the powder mixer 4 is inserted into the blanking device 9 with an angle of 45 ° downward.
It should be noted that, a weighing sensor is installed at the lower position of the discharging nozzle 8, whether the material output by the feeding subsystem is accurate is checked again, when the total mass of various mixed metal powders collected by the weighing sensor is not equal to a preset value, the first three-degree-of-freedom manipulator moves the blanking device 9 out of the base body 10, the computer controls the automatic opening and closing door to open, the various mixed metal powders are put into the blanking device 9 and fall into the recycling container through the small opening end of the horn-shaped container, the powder mass obtained in each groove 11 is guaranteed to be known, the metal mass ratio is known, reliable data support, accuracy and reliability are provided for the establishment of the material gene library, the blanking device 9 adopts a cylindrical container which is processed into a whole and a horn-shaped container which is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical container, the cylindrical container is convenient for installing the powder mixer 4 and receiving the various mixed metal powders, in this embodiment, the powder mixer 4 is inserted into the material falling device 9 with a downward inclination of 45 degrees, and due to the divergence and rebound among the metal powders, the rebounded metal powder falls in the powder guide tube due to the self-weight, and the horn-shaped container is arranged to obtain the falling metal powder as soon as possible and rapidly slide the metal powder downwards, namely, the metal powder is fed into the groove 11 with a high melting point and without wetting effect.
It should be noted that the precise automatic conveying device for powdery raw material employs a precise automatic conveying device for powdery raw material with an authorization publication number CN 206552699U.
The area of a tail end light spot of a high-energy laser beam 13 output by the laser generation subsystem 12 is smaller than that of an open end of the groove 11, and the laser generation subsystem 12 is installed on a second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a space rectangular coordinate system;
it should be noted that the first three-degree-of-freedom manipulator and the second three-degree-of-freedom manipulator have the same structure, and both adopt a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator with an authorization notice number of CN204772528U,
the automatic opening and closing door, the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and the laser generation subsystem 12 are all controlled by a computer, and the signal output end of the weighing sensor is connected with the signal input end of the computer;
in this embodiment, the metal powder is elemental metal powder or master alloy powder, and the particle size of the metal powder is 45 μm to 150 μm.
Step two, determining the type of the metal powder and preparing various metal powders with sufficient mass: determining the types of metal powder according to the design of alloy components, selecting single-way powder discharging devices 1 with the same number as the types of the metal powder in a powder discharging mechanism, and respectively adding the metal powder into each single-way powder discharging device 1 in sufficient quantity;
step three, moving a blanking device: moving the blanking device 9 to the position of the appointed groove 11 on the base body 10 by utilizing a first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, so that the discharging end of the blanking device 9 is aligned with the open end of the groove 11, and the discharging end of the blanking device 9 is in contact with the open end of the appointed groove 11 and has no gap;
it should be noted that the purpose of the contact and no gap between the discharging end of the charging head 9 and the open end of the designated groove 11 is to prevent the mixed powder 14 from falling into the designated groove 11 and scattering outside the designated groove 11, and to change the mass of the mixed powder 14 and the mass ratio of each metal powder, which affects the microstructure parameters, hardness and elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample 15 formed by later smelting.
Step four, fixing the total mass of the mixed powder and controlling the simultaneous output of various metal powders according to the mass ratio of the various metal powders: according to the formula
Calculating mass m of metal powder of i-th type determined by alloy composition designiWherein M is the total mass of the mixed powder 14, rhoiThe percentage of the i-th metal powder in the total mass of the mixed powder 14, K is the number of the types of the metal powder, and the i-th metal powder is placed in the i-th single-path powder outlet device 1;
controlling the K metal powder to be output simultaneously by a computer according to the mass ratio of the K metal powder;
step five, mixing and putting various metal powders: inputting metal powder in a single-way powder outlet device 1 into a powder collecting pipe 3 through a single-way powder feeding pipe 2, inputting various kinds of metal powder in the powder collecting pipe 3 into a powder mixing device 4, sliding various kinds of mixed metal powder in the powder mixing device 4 to the position of a discharging nozzle 8, controlling an automatic opening and closing door to be opened by a computer when the total mass of the various kinds of mixed metal powder collected by a weighing sensor is M, putting the various kinds of mixed metal powder into a blanking device 9, and executing a sixth step after the various kinds of mixed metal powder fall into a specified groove 11 through a small opening end of a horn-shaped container; when the total mass of the mixed metal powder collected by the weighing sensor is not equal to M, the first three-degree-of-freedom manipulator moves the blanking device 9 out of the base body 10, the computer controls the automatic opening and closing door to be opened, the mixed metal powder is put into the blanking device 9, and the third step is executed after the mixed metal powder falls into a recovery container through the small opening end of the horn-shaped container;
in this embodiment, the height of the mixed powder 14 in the groove 11 is not higher than the depth of the groove 11.
It should be noted that the total mass M of the mixed powder 14 is preferably the product of the volume of the recess 11 and the density value of the metal with the lowest density among the metal powders, so that the recess 11 can accommodate the mixed powder 14 in any mass ratio.
Step six, replacing a new groove 11, and circulating the steps three to five after the new groove 11 is regarded as the specified groove 11 until the mixed powder 14 in all the grooves 11 on the substrate 10 is put;
step seven, setting laser processing parameters of the laser generation subsystem and performing micro-area metallurgy: the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is used for moving the blanking device 9 to the outside of the base body 10, the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is used for moving the laser generation subsystem 12 to the upper side of the base body 10, the tail end facula of the high-energy laser beam 13 output by the laser generation subsystem 12 is aligned to the open end of the groove 11, the laser power of the output high-energy laser beam 13 is set to be 1000-3000W by the laser generation subsystem 12, and the micro-area metallurgical mode of the mixed powder 14 in each groove 11 is the same;
and (3) a micro-area metallurgical process of mixing powder 14 in any groove 11: starting the laser generation subsystem 12, quickly melting the mixed powder 14 in the groove 11 at a fixed point by using a high-energy laser beam 13 output by the laser generation subsystem 12, and enabling the high-energy laser beam 13 to act on the groove 11 to realize the smelting area quick self-convection metallurgy without external stress to obtain a laser additive alloy sample 15;
it should be noted that after the mixed powder 14 with different mass ratios of metals is put into all the grooves 11, the laser generation subsystem 12 is adopted to perform micro-zone metallurgy on the mixed powder 14 in all the grooves 11 in a centralized manner, so that the high-energy laser beam 13 performs fixed-point micro-zone melting on the mixed powder 14 preset in the grooves 11 on the substrate 10, and micro-zone alloying of the metal material is realized based on strong convection of a laser molten pool, thereby realizing rapid preparation of the multicomponent metallic material.
Step eight, establishing a corresponding relation between components of the laser additive alloy sample and a microstructure, and carrying out micro-nano indentation test on the laser additive alloy sample: scanning and observing each laser additive alloy test sample 15 by using an optical mirror and a scanning electron microscope to obtain microscopic structure parameters of each laser additive alloy test sample 15, wherein the microscopic structure parameters comprise a plurality of phase shape parameters, and each phase shape parameter comprises a phase length, a phase width and a phase volume fraction;
establishing a corresponding relation between the quality of each component of each laser additive alloy sample 15 and the microstructure parameters of each laser additive alloy sample 15;
meanwhile, performing micro-nano indentation testing on each laser additive alloy sample 15 to obtain the hardness and elastic modulus of each laser additive alloy sample 15;
in this embodiment, in the eighth step, the optical lens and the scanning electron microscope are used to perform tissue observation on a series of laser additive alloy test samples 15 with different components, and then Image-Plus software is used to characterize and extract microstructure parameters of each laser additive alloy test sample 15.
Step nine, training a BP neural network model: taking the mass of each component of the laser additive alloy sample 15 as an input layer node of a BP neural network model, and taking the microstructure parameters, hardness and elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample 15 as output layer nodes of the BP neural network model to train the BP neural network model;
step ten, establishing a laser additive alloy sample material gene library: the laser additive alloy sample material gene library is filled with the laser additive alloy sample 15 formed by micro-zone melting, and the hardness and the elastic modulus of the new laser additive alloy sample 15 are predicted by utilizing a BP neural network model, so that the expansion of the laser additive alloy sample material gene library is realized.
The invention trains the BP neural network model by taking the mass of each component of the laser additive alloy sample as an input layer node of the BP neural network model and taking the microstructure parameters, hardness and elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample as output layer nodes of the BP neural network model, thereby realizing the efficient design and preparation of the laser additive alloy and expanding the material gene library of the existing alloy.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for establishing a material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a laser micro-area metallurgy system: horizontally placing a base body (10) on a laboratory bench, putting mixed powder (14) into the base body (10) through a feeding subsystem, and metallurgically forming micro-areas of the mixed powder (14) into laser additive alloy samples (15) through a laser generation subsystem (12), wherein the base body (10), the feeding subsystem and the laser generation subsystem (12) form a laser micro-area metallurgical system;
the ceramic ball socket is characterized in that the base body (10) is a ceramic base body, N spherical-crown-shaped grooves (11) arranged in an array manner are formed in the ceramic base body, the radius R of a ball body where the grooves (11) are located ranges from 5mm to 20mm, and the depth h of each groove (11) ranges from 5mm to 20mm
The distance between two adjacent grooves (11) is 0.5 cm-1 cm, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 100;
the feeding subsystem comprises a powder discharging mechanism, a powder mixer (4) for mixing various metal powders output by the powder discharging mechanism and a blanking device (9) for accurately putting the mixed metal powders output by the powder mixer (4) into the groove (11), the blanking device (9) is arranged on a first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions of a space rectangular coordinate system, the powder mixer (4) is obliquely inserted into the blanking device (9) downwards and fixed on the blanking device (9), the powder discharging mechanism comprises a powder collecting pipe (3) and a plurality of single-path powder discharging devices (1), the single-path powder discharging devices (1) are communicated with the powder collecting pipe (3) through a single-path powder feeding pipe (2), the structure size of the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe (3) is consistent with that of the feeding end of the powder mixer (4), and the discharging end of the powder collecting pipe (3) is connected with that of the powder mixer (4), the single-path powder discharging device (1) is a powdery raw material accurate automatic conveying device which is used for containing metal powder and accurately outputting metal powder with specified mass, a discharging nozzle (8) is installed at the discharging end of the powder mixer (4), the discharging nozzle (8) is a funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, an automatic opening and closing door is installed at the discharging end of the funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, a weighing sensor is installed on the side wall of the funnel-shaped discharging nozzle, a blanking device (9) comprises a cylindrical container and a horn-shaped container which is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical container and is processed and manufactured into a whole with the cylindrical container, the small opening end of the horn-shaped container is the discharging end of the blanking device (9), and the size of the discharging end of the blanking device (9) is consistent with the size of the opening end of the groove (11);
the area of a tail end light spot of a high-energy laser beam (13) output by the laser generation subsystem (12) is smaller than that of an opening end of the groove (11), and the laser generation subsystem (12) is arranged on a second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm capable of moving along the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a space rectangular coordinate system;
the automatic opening and closing door, the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and the laser generation subsystem (12) are controlled by a computer, and a signal output end of the weighing sensor is connected with a signal input end of the computer;
step two, determining the type of the metal powder and preparing various metal powders with sufficient mass: determining the types of metal powder according to the design of alloy components, selecting single-way powder discharging devices (1) with the same number as the types of the metal powder in a powder discharging mechanism, and respectively adding the metal powder into each single-way powder discharging device (1) in a sufficient amount;
step three, moving a blanking device: moving the blanking device (9) to the position of a designated groove (11) on the base body (10) by utilizing a first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, aligning the discharging end of the blanking device (9) with the open end of the groove (11), and enabling the discharging end of the blanking device (9) to be in contact with the open end of the designated groove (11) without a gap;
step four, fixing the total mass of the mixed powder and controlling the simultaneous output of various metal powders according to the mass ratio of the various metal powders: according to the formula
Calculating mass m of metal powder of i-th type determined by alloy composition designiWherein M is the total mass of the mixed powder (14) ([ rho ])iIs the percentage of the total mass of the mixed powder (14) occupied by the ith metal powder, K is the number of the types of the metal powder, and the ith metal powder is placed in the ith single-path powder outlet device (1);
controlling the K metal powder to be output simultaneously by a computer according to the mass ratio of the K metal powder;
step five, mixing and putting various metal powders: inputting metal powder in a single-way powder outlet device (1) into a powder collecting pipe (3) through a single-way powder feeding pipe (2), inputting various types of metal powder in the powder collecting pipe (3) into a powder mixing device (4), sliding various types of mixed metal powder in the powder mixing device (4) to the position of a discharging nozzle (8), controlling an automatic opening and closing door to be opened by a computer when the total mass of the various types of mixed metal powder collected by a weighing sensor is M, putting the various types of mixed metal powder into a blanking device (9), and executing a sixth step after the various types of mixed metal powder fall into a specified groove (11) through a small opening end of a horn-shaped container; when the total mass of the mixed metal powder collected by the weighing sensor is not equal to M, the first three-degree-of-freedom manipulator moves the blanking device (9) out of the base body (10), the computer controls the automatic opening and closing door to be opened, the mixed metal powder is put into the blanking device (9), and the mixed metal powder falls into the recovery container through the small opening end of the horn-shaped container and then the third step is executed;
step six, replacing a new groove (11), and circulating the step three to the step five after the new groove (11) is regarded as the specified groove (11) until the mixed powder (14) in all the grooves (11) on the base body (10) is put;
step seven, setting laser processing parameters of the laser generation subsystem and performing micro-area metallurgy: the blanking device (9) is moved to the outside of the base body (10) by using the first three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the laser generation subsystem (12) is moved to the upper side of the base body (10) by using the second three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the tail end facula of the high-energy laser beam (13) output by the laser generation subsystem (12) is aligned to the open end of the groove (11), the laser power of the output high-energy laser beam (13) is set to be 1000W-3000W by using the laser generation subsystem (12), and the micro-area metallurgical modes of the mixed powder (14) in each groove (11) are the same;
the micro-area metallurgical process of the mixed powder (14) in any groove (11) is as follows: starting the laser generation subsystem (12), quickly melting the mixed powder (14) in the groove (11) at a fixed point by using a high-energy laser beam (13) output by the laser generation subsystem (12), and enabling the high-energy laser beam (13) to act on the groove (11) to realize the smelting of a melting zone without external stress through quick self-convection, thereby obtaining a laser additive alloy sample (15);
step eight, establishing a corresponding relation between components of the laser additive alloy sample and a microstructure, and carrying out micro-nano indentation test on the laser additive alloy sample: scanning and observing each laser additive alloy sample (15) by using an optical mirror and a scanning electron microscope to obtain microscopic structure parameters of each laser additive alloy sample (15), wherein the microscopic structure parameters comprise a plurality of phase shape parameters, and each phase shape parameter comprises a phase length, a phase width and a phase volume fraction;
establishing a corresponding relation between the quality of each component of each laser additive alloy sample (15) and the microstructure parameter of each laser additive alloy sample (15);
meanwhile, carrying out micro-nano indentation test on each laser additive alloy sample (15) to obtain the hardness and elastic modulus of each laser additive alloy sample (15);
step nine, training a BP neural network model: the quality of each component of the laser additive alloy sample (15) is used as an input layer node of a BP neural network model, and the microstructure parameters, hardness and elastic modulus of the laser additive alloy sample (15) are used as output layer nodes of the BP neural network model to train the BP neural network model;
step ten, establishing a laser additive alloy sample material gene library: the laser additive alloy sample material gene library is filled with the laser additive alloy sample (15) formed by micro-zone melting, the hardness and the elastic modulus of the new laser additive alloy sample (15) are predicted by utilizing a BP neural network model, and the expansion of the laser additive alloy sample material gene library is realized.
2. The method for establishing the material gene library based on the laser micro-area metallurgy, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the metal powder is simple substance metal powder or intermediate alloy powder, and the particle size of the metal powder is 45-150 mu m.
3. The method for establishing the material gene library based on the laser micro-area metallurgy, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the powder mixer (4) is downwards inclined by 45 degrees and is inserted into the blanking device (9).
4. The method for establishing the material gene library based on the laser micro-area metallurgy, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the mixed powder (14) in the groove (11) is not higher than the depth of the groove (11).
5. The method for establishing the material gene library based on the laser micro-area metallurgy, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and step eight, performing structure observation on a series of laser additive alloy test samples (15) with different components by using an optical mirror and a scanning electron microscope, and then characterizing and extracting the microstructure parameters of each laser additive alloy test sample (15) by using Image-Plus software.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910204808.4A CN109746446B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910204808.4A CN109746446B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109746446A CN109746446A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN109746446B true CN109746446B (en) | 2020-05-12 |
Family
ID=66408886
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910204808.4A Active CN109746446B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109746446B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111688192B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-06-17 | 西安文理学院 | Selective laser melting main process parameter matching optimization method |
| CN111778503B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-06-07 | 长安大学 | Crucible-free laser micro-area metallurgy method based on laser light receiving path regulation and control and application |
| CN112649349B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-08-26 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for quickly evaluating aramid fiber reinforced polyolefin structure function integrated material |
| CN113245562B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-01 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | Equipment for preparing metal test piece and structural part by high-energy beam |
| CN113695596B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for measuring temperature of heat affected zone in metal powder additive manufacturing process in high flux |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103624790B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-11-18 | 东南大学 | Control method of teleoperation of six-freedom-degree mechanical arm |
| CN204772528U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江理工大学 | Three degree of freedom manipulators |
| US20180169751A1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | Federal-Mogul Llc | Thermometric metallurgy materials |
| CN206552699U (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-10-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of accurate automatic conveying device of powdery starting material |
| CN107020520B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-06-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of laser preheating system of processing of integrated temperature field real-time measurement and feedback control function |
| CN108273999A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-13 | 上海材料研究所 | A kind of metal material high throughput preparation method based on 3D printing technique |
-
2019
- 2019-03-18 CN CN201910204808.4A patent/CN109746446B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109746446A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109746446B (en) | Method for establishing material gene library based on laser micro-area metallurgy | |
| Chao et al. | Manufacturing of micro thin-walled metal parts by micro-droplet deposition | |
| Zhang et al. | Research on the processing experiments of laser metal deposition shaping | |
| EP3354377A1 (en) | Method and device for the additive manufacturing of components | |
| Fang et al. | Building three‐dimensional objects by deposition of molten metal droplets | |
| CN109269985B (en) | High-frequency ultrasonic online monitoring method for internal defects of metal moving molten pool | |
| EP0416852A2 (en) | Multiple material systems and assisted powder handling for selective beam sintering | |
| CN104259461B (en) | Laser three-D manufacture method based on coaxial wire feed and coaxial wire feed device | |
| CN110039054A (en) | A kind of increasing material material high throughput molding machine and forming method | |
| US20200111269A1 (en) | Test specimen for validating operating parameters of a method for the additive manufacturing of a part by laser melting on powder beds | |
| CN107900334A (en) | A kind of laser high throughput preparation method based on array cloth powder | |
| CN209614253U (en) | A kind of laser microcell metallurgical plant | |
| EP3355044B1 (en) | Directed energy deposition spray nozzle distribution pattern testing | |
| Kumar | Deposition process | |
| Qu | Development of functionally graded tungsten/EUROFER coating systems | |
| Evans et al. | SLS materials development method for rapid manufacturing | |
| Xiang et al. | An experimental investigation on debris bed formation from fuel coolant interactions of metallic and oxidic melts | |
| US11607727B2 (en) | Metal powder manufacture using a liquid metal ejector | |
| Gao et al. | Structural design of a coaxial-jet vortex powder mixer for multi-material directed energy deposition | |
| Wikström et al. | Application of a Model for Liquid Inclusion Separation at a Steel‐Slag Interface for Laboratory and Industrial Situations | |
| Chen et al. | Spreading behavior of cell-laden droplets in 3D bioprinting process | |
| Link | Layered manufacturing of laser-deposited carbon steels | |
| CN113447518B (en) | Device for simulating fusion of molten droplets and solidified droplets in microgravity environment | |
| Guo et al. | Influence of Powder Feed Rate on the Outflow Field in Laser Cladding on a Four-channel Coaxial Powder Feeding Nozzle. | |
| CN216712115U (en) | Cell fixed-point cultivation device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |