CN109745875A - A kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109745875A CN109745875A CN201910163911.9A CN201910163911A CN109745875A CN 109745875 A CN109745875 A CN 109745875A CN 201910163911 A CN201910163911 A CN 201910163911A CN 109745875 A CN109745875 A CN 109745875A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane comprising: step (1): two kinds of aromatic diamines are dissolved in solvent, aromatic dianhydride is then added, are stirred to react to obtain polyamic acid solution；Step (2): catalyst and dehydrating agent are added in the polyamic acid solution of step (1), it is cooled to room temperature after being stirred to react, methanol is added dropwise to be bleached by red completely to solution colour, suction filtration obtains solid powder, again with methanol is washed and is filtered repeatedly, and polyimide solids powder is dried to obtain；Step (3): the polyimide solids powder that step (2) obtains is dissolved in solvent, and stirring and dissolving is then coated on supporting layer, and polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane is then made.The pure water flux for the polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane that the present invention is prepared is high, and bovine serum albumin(BSA) BSA rejection is up to 99.5% or more.It can solve the problems, such as the low separation efficiency of prior art polyimides ultrafiltration membrane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of organic polymer seperation film, and in particular to a kind of high throughput haveing excellent performance
The preparation method of polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Background technique
Ultrafiltration membrane is that a kind of aperture specification is consistent, the micropore filtering film of 2~100nm of nominal pore range.Ultrafiltration membrane has
The features such as membrane flux is bigger, operating pressure is low, system power demand is low.Currently, the application field of ultrafiltration membrane is very wide, such as
Pure water and the terminal processes in ultrapure water preparation process as in-line coagulation and ultrapure water；For separating in industrial water
Bacterium, heat source, colloid, suspended impurity and larger molecular organics；Drinking water, mineral spring Water warfare；Fermentation, Enzymes Industry, pharmacy
Concentration, purifying and the clarification of industry；Concentration of juices, separation；The separation of soybean, dairy products, sugar industry, drinks, tea juice, vinegar etc.,
Concentration and clarification；The fields such as the purification and recycling of industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage, and achieve good economic and social benefit.
Ultrafiltration membrane is generally divided into Inorganic Ultrafiltration Membrane and two kinds of organic ultrafiltration membrane.Inorganic Ultrafiltration Membrane has good solvent resistance
Can, but price is costly；Material suitable for making organic ultrafiltration membrane have polyimides (PI), Kynoar, polyether sulfone and
Other cross-linked polymers etc..Wherein, PI is a kind of functional heat-resistant polymer, has good solvent resistance, film forming, machine
The many merits such as tool performance, heat resistance and structure diversification.Studies have shown that PI ultrafiltration membrane has various albumen very high
Rejection, but generally speaking its flux is lower, generally 100L/m2How h or so effectively improves PI ultrafiltration membrane separation efficiency
Emphasis as researcher's concern.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is reasonable the purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of technological design, point
Preparation method from high-efficient high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Technical solution: in order to achieve the object of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, it the following steps are included:
A kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, it the following steps are included:
Two kinds of dry aromatic diamines: being dissolved in polar non-solute by step (1) first, and drying is then added
Aromatic dianhydride is stirred to react 4~10 hours and obtains polyamic acid solution；
Step (2): catalyst and dehydrating agent are added in the polyamic acid solution obtained in step (1), after being stirred to react
It is cooled to room temperature, methanol is slowly added dropwise under stirring condition and is bleached completely by red to solution colour, suction filtration obtains faint yellow solid powder
End, again with methanol are washed and are filtered repeatedly, and drying obtains dry polyimide solids powder；
Step (3): being dissolved in polar non-solute for the polyimide solids powder that step (2) obtains, stirring and dissolving,
Then it is coated on supporting layer with 50~150 μm, is then immersed in non-solvent coagulating bath and stands 1~24 hour obtained polyamides Asia
Amine composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, two kinds in step (1)
Aromatic diamines are selected from 3,3 '-dimethyl -4,4 '-diphenylmethane diamines, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4 '-diphenyl methanes
The aromatic diamines of the symmetrical structures such as diisocyanate or 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ethers, p-phenylenediamine.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, the fragrance in step (1)
Dianhydride be selected from 3,3 ', 4,4 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, 4,4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-phthalic anhydride, 3,3 ', 4,
4 '-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2 ', 4,5 '-pyromellitic dianhydrides, 3,3 ', 4,4 '-diphenyl sulphone (DPS) tetracid dianhydrides or phthalic anhydride
The aromatic dianhydride of equal symmetrical structures.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, two kinds of virtues in step (1)
The molar ratio of fragrant diamines is 1:1, and the molar ratio of any one aromatic diamines and aromatic dianhydride is 1:1.01~1:1.02.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, step (1) reaction temperature
It is 25-90 DEG C.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, step (1) and step
(3) polar non-solute described in be selected from N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide,
Dimethyl sulfoxide or chloroform.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, step (2) catalyst are
Pyridine, triethylamine or isoquinolin etc., catalyst amount are 0.1-8 times of aromatic dianhydride molal quantity.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, step (2) dehydrating agent are
Acetic anhydride, propionic andydride or valeric anhydride etc., dehydrating agent dosage are 0.1-6 times of dianhydride monomer molal quantity.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, non-solvent coagulating bath
Non-solvent solidification liquid is pure water, methanol, ethyl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol or its two or more of mixed solvent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, branch described in step (3)
Supportting layer is polysulfones or polyesters perforated membrane；Polyamide composite hyperfiltration membrane is plate membrane or hollow-fibre membrane or tubular membrane.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, the methanol of step (2) are dense
Degree is 50%.
Craft screening experiment:
The structure of monomer influences the structure of polymer, and then influences the performance of material.The monomer synthesis of symmetrical structure gathers
Acid imide its structure more steady ordered, the ultrafiltration membrane of preparation is finer and close, and ox blood can be taken into account while possessing high throughput
Albuminised cutoff performance.Therefore, symmetrical and unsymmetric structure monomer synthesis simultaneously prepares film forming, passes through the test sieve of film properties
Choosing, the ultrafiltration film properties that preferably out prepared by symmetrical structure aromatic diamines and the polyimides of symmetrical structure aromatic dianhydride synthesis are most
It is excellent.The ultrafiltration film properties test structure of various polyimides preparations is as follows:
。
And consider the adaptability of ultrafiltration membrane of the present invention under circumstances, such as high and low temperature environment, acid or alkali environment, a variety of
Chemical solvent environment etc., therefore perforated membrane supporting layer needs to be widely applied and adapt to the material of various environment, the present invention is logical
It crosses and wants material selection preferably not only high-low temperature resistant, and acid and alkali-resistance and the good PS membrane and polyester film of chemical stability.
The utility model has the advantages that the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane provided by the invention is compared to the prior art
It has the advantage that
The present invention is screened by a large number of experiments, by the method for chemical imidization using specific aromatic diamines and fragrance two
Acid anhydride synthesis of polyimides high molecular material is simultaneously dissolved in organic solvent and forms its casting solution, then passes through phase inversion and certain material
Counterdie is compound to obtain polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane.The pure water for the high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane that the present invention is prepared
Flux, in 0.1MPa, 25 DEG C up to 290L/ (m2H), bovine serum albumin(BSA) BSA rejection is up to 99.5% or more.It can solve
The problem of low separation efficiency of prior art polyimides ultrafiltration membrane.And raw material of the present invention is easy to get, easy to operate, at low cost, tool
There is important application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope cross-section diagram of polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane polyethylene glycol prepared by the present invention shears molecule spirogram.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalences of the invention
The modification of form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.Embodiment 1: a kind of high throughput polyimides is compound
The preparation method of ultrafiltration membrane comprising following steps:
Step (1): 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane and p-phenylenediamine that dry molar ratio is 1:1 are dissolved in N- first
In base pyrrolidones, it is sufficiently stirred 2 hours, then by dry pyromellitic acid anhydride and 3,3 ', 4,4 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acids
Acid dianhydride is added in solution, 70 DEG C be stirred to react 8 hours after obtain polyamic acid solution；Wherein 4,4 '-diamino hexichol first
The molar ratio of alkane or p-phenylenediamine and aromatic dianhydride (pyromellitic acid anhydride and 3,3 ', 4,4 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydrides)
For 1:1.01；
Step (2): pyridine and acetic anhydride are added in the polyamic acid solution obtained in step (1), it is small to be stirred to react 1
When, it is then cooled to room temperature, methanol is slowly added dropwise under stirring condition and is bleached completely by red to solution colour, suction filtration obtains faint yellow
Solid powder, again with methanol are washed repeatedly and are filtered 3 times, and (60 DEG C of vacuum keep the temperature 10 hours, then rise to 250 again for finally drying
DEG C heat preservation 10 hours) obtain dry polyimide solids powder, pyridine and acetic anhydride dosage are the 2 of dianhydride monomer molal quantity
Times；
Step (3): polyimide solids powder obtained in step (2) is dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, stirring
It 24 hours, is then coated on polysulfone porous membrane with 100 μm of thickness, is immersed in pure water coagulating bath and stands 12 hours, be made
Polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane.
The scanning electron microscope cross-section diagram of the polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane of polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane produced above
As shown in Figure 1.It is as shown in Figure 2 that polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane polyethylene glycol shears molecule spirogram.
Testing the polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux and bovine serum albumin rejection, the results are shown in Table 1:
1 polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux of table and bovine serum albumin rejection test result
| Pure water flux (0.1MPa, 25 DEG C) | BSA rejection |
| 290L/(m2h) | 99.8% |
Embodiment 2: a kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane comprising following steps:
Step (1): 3,3 '-dimethyl-the 4,4 '-diphenylmethane diamine and p-phenylenediamine for being 1:1 by dry molar ratio
It is dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, is sufficiently stirred 1 hour, then by dry 3,3 ', 4,4 '-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,
4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-phthalic anhydride is added in solution, 40 DEG C be stirred to react 4 hours after obtain polyamic acid solution；
Wherein 3,3 '-dimethyl -4,4 '-diphenylmethane diamine or p-phenylenediamine and aromatic dianhydride (3,3 ', 4,4 '-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
With 4,4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-phthalic anhydride) molar ratio be 1:1.02；
Step (2): pyridine and acetic anhydride are added in the polyamic acid solution obtained in step (1), it is small to be stirred to react 1
When, it is then cooled to room temperature, methanol is slowly added dropwise under stirring condition and is bleached completely by red to solution colour, suction filtration obtains faint yellow
Solid powder, again with methanol are washed repeatedly and are filtered 3 times, and (60 DEG C of vacuum keep the temperature 12 hours, then rise to 250 again for finally drying
DEG C heat preservation 8 hours) obtain dry polyimide solids powder, wherein and pyridine and acetic anhydride dosage are dianhydride monomer molal quantity
2 times；
Polyimide solids powder obtained in step (2) is dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone by step (3), and stirring 24 is small
When, it is then coated on polysulfone porous membrane with 50 μ m thicks, is immersed in water-bath and stands 10 hours, it is compound super that polyimides is made
Filter membrane.
Testing the polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux and bovine serum albumin rejection, the results are shown in Table 2:
2 polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux of table and bovine serum albumin rejection test result
| Pure water flux (0.1MPa, 25 DEG C) | BSA rejection |
| 296L/(m2h) | 99.6% |
Embodiment 3: a kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane comprising following steps:
Step (1): 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane and p-phenylenediamine that dry molar ratio is 1:1 are dissolved in N, N-
In dimethylformamide, it is sufficiently stirred 1 hour, then by dry pyromellitic acid anhydride and 4,4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-neighbour
Phthalate anhydride is added in solution, 90 DEG C be stirred to react 10 hours after obtain polyamic acid solution；Wherein 4,4 '-diamino two
Phenylmethane or p-phenylenediamine and aromatic dianhydride (pyromellitic acid anhydride and 4,4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-phthalic anhydride)
Molar ratio is 1:1.02；
Step (2): add triethylamine and propionic andydride in the polyamic acid solution obtained in step (1), it is small to be stirred to react 2
When, it is then cooled to room temperature, 50% methanol of volumetric concentration is slowly added dropwise under stirring condition and is bleached completely by red to solution colour, take out
Filter obtains faint yellow solid powder, and again with methanol is washed repeatedly and filtered 3 times, and finally drying obtains dry polyimide solids
Powder；
Step (3): polyimide solids powder obtained in step (2) is dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide, is stirred
It mixes 24 hours, is then coated on polyester perforated membrane with 150 μ m thicks, is immersed in water coagulating bath and stands 24 hours obtained polyamides
Imines composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Testing the polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux and bovine serum albumin rejection, the results are shown in Table 3:
3 polyimides Compound Ultrafiltration membrane flux of table and bovine serum albumin rejection test result
| Pure water flux (0.1MPa, 25 DEG C) | BSA rejection |
| 305L/(m2h) | 99.5% |
The high throughput that the present invention uses preferred raw material and technique to be prepared is shown by the test result of above table 1 to table 3
Polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, have excellent separative efficiency, can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, achieve extraordinary technology
Effect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane, which is characterized in that it the following steps are included:
Two kinds of dry aromatic diamines: being dissolved in polar non-solute by step (1) first, and dry fragrance is then added
Dianhydride is stirred to react 4~10 hours and obtains polyamic acid solution；
Step (2): being added catalyst and dehydrating agent in the polyamic acid solution obtained in step (1), cooling after being stirred to react
To room temperature, methanol being slowly added dropwise under stirring condition and is bleached completely by red to solution colour, suction filtration obtains faint yellow solid powder, then
It is washed and is filtered repeatedly with methanol, drying obtains dry polyimide solids powder；
Step (3): being dissolved in polar non-solute for the polyimide solids powder that step (2) obtains, stirring and dissolving, then
It is coated on supporting layer with 50~150 μm, is then immersed in non-solvent coagulating bath and stands 1~24 hour obtained polyimides and answer
Close ultrafiltration membrane.
2. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) two kinds of aromatic diamines in are selected from 3,3 '-dimethyl -4,4 '-diphenylmethane diamines, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane, and 4,
The aromatic diamines of the symmetrical structures such as 4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanates or 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ethers, p-phenylenediamine.
3. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) aromatic dianhydride in is selected from 3,3 ', 4,4 '-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, 4,4 '-hexafluoroisopropyli,enes-phthalic acid
Acid anhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4 '-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2 ', 4,5 '-pyromellitic dianhydrides, 3,3 ', 4,4 '-diphenyl sulphone (DPS) tetracid dianhydrides or neighbour
The aromatic dianhydride of the symmetrical structures such as phthalate anhydride.
4. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) molar ratio of two kinds of aromatic diamines is 1:1 in, and the molar ratio of any one aromatic diamines and aromatic dianhydride is 1:1.01~1:
1.02。
5. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) reaction temperature is 25-90 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) and polar non-solute described in step (3) is selected from N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N, N- diformazan
Yl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or chloroform.
7. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) catalyst is pyridine, triethylamine or isoquinolin etc., and catalyst amount is 0.1-8 times of aromatic dianhydride molal quantity.
8. according to claim 1 to the preparation method of high-throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane described in 7, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly (2) dehydrating agent is acetic anhydride, propionic andydride or valeric anhydride etc., and dehydrating agent dosage is 0.1-6 times of dianhydride monomer molal quantity.
9. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 8, which is characterized in that non-solvent
The non-solvent solidification liquid of coagulating bath is pure water, methanol, ethyl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol or its two or more of mixed solvent.
10. the preparation method of high throughput polyimides composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 9, which is characterized in that step
(3) supporting layer described in is polysulfones or polyesters perforated membrane；Polyamide composite hyperfiltration membrane be plate membrane or hollow-fibre membrane,
Or tubular membrane.
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| CN113019136A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 华中科技大学 | Polar aprotic organic solvent resistant polyimide separation membrane, preparation and application |
| CN113072703A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Thermoplastic polyimide with excellent comprehensive performance and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN116272441A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Structure and preparation method of gas separation membrane for natural gas helium stripping and plasticizing resistance effect |
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Application publication date: 20190514 |