CN109742971B - Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material - Google Patents
Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109742971B CN109742971B CN201811592649.1A CN201811592649A CN109742971B CN 109742971 B CN109742971 B CN 109742971B CN 201811592649 A CN201811592649 A CN 201811592649A CN 109742971 B CN109742971 B CN 109742971B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- magnetic phase
- alloy sheet
- permanent magnet
- magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material, and belongs to the field of heat energy collection. The heat energy collector comprises a fixed table, a flexible piezoelectric film, a magnetic phase change alloy sheet, a permanent magnet, a cantilever beam and a heating table; a flexible piezoelectric film is bonded above the cantilever arm, a fixing table is arranged below one end of the cantilever arm and fixed on the fixing table, a magnetic phase change alloy sheet is bonded on the lower surface of the other end of the cantilever arm, a heating table is arranged below the magnetic phase change alloy sheet, and the permanent magnet is suspended above the magnetic phase change alloy sheet. The anti-ferromagnetic phase-change alloy sheet and the permanent magnet are adopted, when the heating temperature of the alloy sheet rises, the magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite occurs, the alloy sheet is attracted, the permanent magnet does not need to be bonded with a heat source, the phenomenon that the permanent magnet is heated and demagnetized due to the fact that the permanent magnet is in contact with the heat source is avoided, the extra radiator is not needed to guarantee the work of a device, and energy is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heat energy collection, and particularly relates to a heat energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material.
Background
The heat energy collector can replace some traditional batteries to continuously supply power for the sensor, and has high application value in the fields of waste heat, natural heat collection and the like. The thermal energy collectors commonly used at present utilize the pyroelectricity, the thermal elasticity and the thermomagnetic property of materials, and these types of thermal energy collectors have a series of problems of complex process, high cost, limited applicable conditions and the like, and the problems make the connection between the thermal energy collector and the magnetic materials begin to receive more extensive attention.
At present, the technology of manufacturing a heat energy collector by using a magnetic material is continuously improved, and in 2011, R.D.James et al heat Ni45Co5Mn40Sn10The alloy directly utilizes the coil to convert heat energy into electric energy, and utilizes the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and the peak voltage can reach 0.6 mV. However, the heat collector has problems that heat can be converted only once, and the heat cannot be converted repeatedly, and is also influenced by the number of turns of the coil and the intensity of the magnetic field. In order to overcome the defect that heat energy can only be converted once, in 2015 Marcel Gueltig et al utilize a cantilever beam structure, and Ni is adhered to the tail end of the cantilever beam50.4Co3.7Mn32.8In13.1And winding a coil around the coil to repeatedly convert thermal energy into electric energy. However, the energy collection efficiency of the small device is limited by the movement speed of the cutting magnetic induction line, the number of turns of the coil and the magnitude of magnetic flux, and the conversion efficiency is low. To overcome these problems and to better utilize magnetic materials, Chun et al, 2017 implemented the conversion of thermal energy to electrical energy using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) cantilever arms and gadolinium (Gd) alloys, which became ferromagnetic and attracted by permanent magnets when gadolinium was below its curie temperature, and when it contacted a heat source, its temperature rose above the curie temperature and became paramagnetic, then Gd was spring-pulled back into place to contact the heat sink, and then its temperature began to regain its magnetic properties when it was below the curie temperature. When the magnetic force is larger than the spring force, the permanent magnet pulls Gd to a heat source, circulation continues, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by the cantilever arm in reciprocating motion, the output power of 158 mu W is achieved under the temperature difference of 80 ℃, and the peak voltage of a single bimorph cantilever can reach 2.8V. However, this technique has some problems, firstly, the curie temperature of the Gd metal sheet is near room temperature, and the magnet is stuck on the hot end, which easily weakens the magnetism of the magnet, so that the device fails, and at the same time, a stable heat sink is needed to ensure that the temperature of the cold end is maintained at-10 ℃, and more energy is consumed to maintain the device to work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material to realize continuous conversion from heat energy to electric energy.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric materials comprises a fixed platform, a flexible piezoelectric film, a magnetic phase change alloy sheet, a permanent magnet, a cantilever beam and a heating platform;
the flexible piezoelectric film is bonded above the cantilever beam arm, the fixing table is arranged below one end of the cantilever beam arm and fixed on the fixing table, the magnetic phase change alloy sheet is bonded on the lower surface of the other end of the cantilever beam arm, the heating table is arranged below the magnetic phase change alloy sheet, and the permanent magnet is suspended above the magnetic phase change alloy sheet.
The magnetic phase change alloy sheet is an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy, and generates magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite when the temperature is raised, and the phase change temperature of the alloy is between 40 ℃ and 200 ℃.
The antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy is a NiMnInCo alloy.
The flexible piezoelectric film is a PVDF film, and the thickness of the film is 20-40 μm.
The material of the cantilever beam arm is flexible polymer.
The flexible polymer is a polyimide with a relatively low modulus of elasticity.
The distance between the permanent magnet and the upper surface of the cantilever beam arm is 5-20mm, the size of the permanent magnet is 50-1000 mm multiplied by 20-50 mm multiplied by 5-10 mm, and the magnetic field intensity around the permanent magnet is more than 1000 Oe.
The permanent magnet is suspended by the support, and the position of the permanent magnet on the support is adjustable, so that the height of the permanent magnet is adjustable.
When the magnetic phase alloy sheet contacts a heat source of a heating table, the temperature rises, and the magnetic phase alloy sheet generates magnetic phase transformation from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite;
due to the attraction of the permanent magnet to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetic phase alloy sheet is attracted, so that the cantilever beam arm and the flexible piezoelectric film are bent;
voltage is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible piezoelectric film, so that the conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized;
because the sucked magnetic phase alloy sheet is far away from the heat source, the temperature is reduced, the magnetic phase alloy sheet is converted back to a weak magnetic state, the attraction force disappears, the cantilever beam arm is straightened, and the magnetic phase alloy sheet returns to the initial position to continuously exchange heat;
the above cycle is repeated continuously, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy continuously.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the anti-ferromagnetic phase-change alloy sheet and the permanent magnet are adopted, when the heating temperature of the alloy sheet rises, the magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite occurs, the alloy sheet is attracted, the permanent magnet does not need to be bonded with a heat source, the phenomenon that the permanent magnet is heated and demagnetized due to the fact that the permanent magnet is in contact with the heat source is avoided, the extra radiator is not needed to guarantee the work of a device, and energy is saved.
(2) The application of the heat collector utilizes the PVDF film to be bonded on the cantilever beam arm, so that deformation is better converted into electric energy, and higher output voltage can be achieved.
(3) The invention has higher conversion efficiency, controllable working temperature range, no limitation by factors such as the number of turns of a coil, magnetic field intensity and the like, no temperature gradient exists, meanwhile, the heat collector of the invention can continuously realize the conversion from heat energy to electric energy, meets the practical application, has simple structure, convenient preparation and has the characteristics of energy saving and high efficiency.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a thermal energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a thermal energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material.
Fig. 3 is a physical diagram of a thermal energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material in an embodiment.
FIG. 4 shows Ni in example45Mn36.91In13.09Co5Thermomagnetic curve diagram of alloy under 0.1T external magnetic field.
Fig. 5 is a voltage-time relationship diagram of a thermal energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material in an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a fixed table, 2-a flexible piezoelectric film, 3-a magnetic phase change alloy sheet, 4-a permanent magnet, 5-a cantilever beam and 6-a heating table.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a heat energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material, which comprises a flexible piezoelectric film 2, a cantilever beam 5, a permanent magnet 4 and a magnetic phase change alloy sheet 3.
The preparation process of the heat collector comprises the following steps: the flexible piezoelectric film 2 is firstly adhered to the cantilever 5 by epoxy resin, then the tail end of the cantilever 5 is adhered with an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy sheet, one end of the non-adhered alloy sheet is fixed on the fixed platform 1 (or any object capable of fixing the cantilever), and finally a permanent magnet 4 is fixed above the alloy sheet.
The working principle of the heat energy collector is as follows: when the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy contacts a heat source, the temperature rises, and the magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite occurs; due to the attraction of the permanent magnet 4 to the ferromagnetic material, the alloy sheet 3 is attracted, and the cantilever and the flexible piezoelectric material are bent; because the flexible piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric material, voltage is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible piezoelectric material, and the conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized; after that, because the sucked alloy sheet is far away from the heat source, the temperature is reduced and the alloy sheet is converted back to a weak magnetic state, the attraction force of the magnet disappears, the cantilever is straightened, and the alloy sheet returns to the initial position to continuously carry out heat exchange. The above cycle is repeated continuously, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy continuously.
Further, the magnetic phase change alloy is an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy which can generate the magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite when the temperature is increased, and the phase change temperature of the alloy is between 40 ℃ and 200 ℃.
Furthermore, the flexible piezoelectric material is preferably a PVDF film, the thickness of the film is 28 μm, and the PVDF film is prepared by a mature preparation process, can be conveniently obtained and has stable piezoelectric performance.
Furthermore, the cantilever arm is made of a flexible polymer, preferably polyimide, and the polyimide has a low elastic modulus and can better deform the flexible piezoelectric material.
Furthermore, the permanent magnet is fixed by a support stand, the support stand is a common iron stand, and the height of the permanent magnet can be freely controlled by adjusting the position of a nut (the size of the permanent magnet is 50-1000 mm multiplied by 20-50 mm multiplied by 5-10 mm, and the magnetic field intensity around the permanent magnet is more than 1000 Oe).
Example 1:
in a particular embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy of Heusler type for thermal energy collectorsNiMnInCo alloy with Ni as component45Mn36.91In13.09Co5. The antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy is prepared by taking high-purity metal simple substances Ni, Co, Mn and In as raw materials, accurately proportioning the metal simple substances according to an alloy expression and adopting an arc melting method; smelting is carried out under the protection of a high-purity argon atmosphere; the alloy after smelting is annealed for 72 hours at 850 ℃, then quenched and subjected to size adjustment by wire cutting; and finally, constructing an energy collector according to the design drawing. The prepared heat collector can realize the heat collection of a constant heat source at 80 ℃.
Fig. 1 shows a theoretical model diagram of a thermal energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material. Fig. 2 shows the working principle of the heat collector based on the magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material. The working principle is as follows: when the alloy contacts a heat source, the temperature rises, and the magnetic transformation from weak magnetism to ferromagnetism occurs; due to the attraction of the permanent magnet to the ferromagnetic material, the alloy sheet is attracted, and the cantilever and the flexible piezoelectric material are bent; because the PVDF film is a flexible piezoelectric material, voltage is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the PVDF film, and the conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized; after that, because the sucked alloy sheet is far away from the heat source, the temperature is reduced and the alloy sheet is converted back to a weak magnetic state, the attraction force of the magnet disappears, the cantilever is straightened, and the alloy sheet returns to the initial position to continuously carry out heat exchange. The above cycle is repeated continuously, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy continuously.
Fig. 3 is a physical diagram of a thermal energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material in an embodiment. Polyimide is selected as the cantilever in the embodiment, and the size of the polyimide is 7mm multiplied by 5 mm. The PVDF film had a thickness of 28 μm and dimensions of 5 mm. times.4 mm. The magnetic alloy component is Ni45Mn36.91In13.09Co5And the size is 5mm multiplied by 1 mm. The heat source was maintained at 80 ℃.
FIG. 4 shows Ni in example45Mn36.91In13.09Co5Thermomagnetic curve diagram of alloy under 0.1T external magnetic field. Data were obtained by a Physical Property Measurement System (Physical Property Measurement System: PPMS). The martensite phase transformation temperature of the alloy is 338K, and the austenite phase transformation temperature is 355K. In the hairIn contrast to the transformation from low temperature weak magnetism to high temperature ferromagnetism when austenite phase transformation occurs, the transformation from high temperature ferromagnetism to low temperature ferromagnetism is performed on the alloy during martensite phase transformation. This change in magnetism coupled with the attraction of the permanent magnets causes periodic bending/recovery of the cantilever beam.
Fig. 5 is a voltage-time curve of a thermal energy collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy/flexible piezoelectric material in an embodiment. Before testing, the two sides of the PVDF membrane are connected with conducting wires, and voltage signals caused by bending of the PVDF membrane can be collected by a charge amplifier and an oscilloscope through the conducting wires. As shown, the measured peak voltage may reach 29V.
Claims (8)
1. A heat collector based on a magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material is characterized by comprising a fixed table (1), a flexible piezoelectric film (2), a magnetic phase change alloy sheet (3), a permanent magnet (4), a cantilever beam (5) and a heating table (6);
a flexible piezoelectric film (2) is bonded above the cantilever arm (5), a fixed table (1) is arranged below one end of the cantilever arm (5) and fixed on the fixed table (1), a magnetic phase change alloy sheet (3) is bonded on the lower surface of the other end of the cantilever arm (5), a heating table (6) is placed below the magnetic phase change alloy sheet (3), and the permanent magnet (4) is suspended above the magnetic phase change alloy sheet (3);
the magnetic phase change alloy sheet (3) is an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy, and generates magnetic phase change from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite when the temperature is raised, and the phase change temperature of the alloy is between 40 ℃ and 200 ℃.
2. The thermal energy collector of claim 1, wherein the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase change alloy is a NiMnInCo alloy.
3. The thermal energy collector according to claim 1, wherein the flexible piezoelectric film (2) is a PVDF film having a thickness of 20-40 μm.
4. The thermal energy collector according to claim 1, wherein the material of the cantilever arms (5) is a flexible polymer.
5. The thermal energy collector of claim 4, wherein the flexible polymer is a polyimide having a relatively low modulus of elasticity.
6. The heat collector according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet (4) is 5-20mm from the upper surface of the cantilever beam (5), the size of the permanent magnet (4) is 50-1000 mm x 20-50 mm x 5-10 mm, and the magnetic field strength around the permanent magnet (4) is above 1000 Oe.
7. The thermal energy collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet (4) is suspended by a bracket, and the position of the permanent magnet (4) on the bracket is adjustable, thereby achieving the height adjustment of the permanent magnet (4).
8. A method for collecting heat energy by using a heat collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that when the magnetic phase alloy sheet (3) is contacted with the heat source of the heating stage (6), the temperature is increased, and the magnetic phase transformation from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite of the magnetic phase alloy sheet (3) is generated;
due to the attraction of the permanent magnet (4) to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetic phase alloy sheet (3) is attracted, so that the cantilever beam arm (5) and the flexible piezoelectric film (2) are bent;
voltage is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible piezoelectric film (2), so that the conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized;
because the attracted magnetic phase alloy sheet (3) is far away from a heat source, the temperature is reduced, the magnetic phase alloy sheet is converted back to a weak magnetic state, the attraction force disappears, the cantilever beam arm (5) is straightened, and the magnetic phase alloy sheet (3) returns to the initial position to continuously exchange heat;
the above cycle is repeated continuously, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy continuously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811592649.1A CN109742971B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811592649.1A CN109742971B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109742971A CN109742971A (en) | 2019-05-10 |
| CN109742971B true CN109742971B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
Family
ID=66361139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811592649.1A Active CN109742971B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109742971B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101172491A (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-07 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Active material actuated flow trips |
| US8552617B2 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2013-10-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Energy harvesting device using pyroelectric material |
| CN106655891A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北民族学院 | Pyroelectric/piezoelectric energy collector and integration system thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107702575B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-06-28 | 华北电力大学 | The campaign-styled design method of the round-trip hot and cold side of magnetic phase transition microcapsule and radiator |
| CN108023502A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of beam type negative stiffness device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
-
2018
- 2018-12-25 CN CN201811592649.1A patent/CN109742971B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101172491A (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-07 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Active material actuated flow trips |
| US8552617B2 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2013-10-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Energy harvesting device using pyroelectric material |
| CN106655891A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北民族学院 | Pyroelectric/piezoelectric energy collector and integration system thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109742971A (en) | 2019-05-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Annapureddy et al. | Magnetic energy harvesting with magnetoelectrics: an emerging technology for self-powered autonomous systems | |
| Kishore et al. | A review on design and performance of thermomagnetic devices | |
| US20110316362A1 (en) | Apparatus for harvesting electrical power from mechanical energy | |
| CN105680720A (en) | Multi-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite multi-directional broadband kinetic energy collector | |
| JP2009524935A (en) | Energy harvesting with thermomechanical devices using bistable ferromagnets | |
| EP1171947A1 (en) | Thermodynamic cycles and method for generating electricity | |
| CN105048771A (en) | Automatic generator | |
| CN109742970B (en) | Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-pyroelectric material | |
| CN109742971B (en) | Heat energy collector based on magnetic phase change alloy-flexible piezoelectric material | |
| CN112701956B (en) | Magnetostrictive bistable vibration collecting device with amplifying mechanism and design method | |
| JP5855090B2 (en) | A device that harvests power from mechanical energy | |
| CN106160575B (en) | A kind of low frequency magnetic field energy collecting device using Piezoelectric anisotropy tuning fork | |
| CN110707894B (en) | Vibration energy collector based on multiple magnetic phase change alloys | |
| CN109217608B (en) | Multi-point collision low-frequency electromagnetic energy collection system | |
| Chung et al. | Design, fabrication, and testing of a thermal/mechanical/magnetic hybrid energy micro-harvester | |
| CN212343604U (en) | Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer | |
| CN104253522A (en) | Permanent magnet generating set | |
| CN110043435A (en) | Vibrational energy collector based on magnetic phase transition alloy | |
| Miki et al. | Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Thin Plates Consolidated by Compression Shearing Method at Room Temperature for Thermal Energy Harvesting Device. | |
| CN105811728A (en) | Electromagnetic vibration electric generator of array structure | |
| CN213637443U (en) | Galfenol alloy driven double-inertia impact type precise stepping micro linear motor | |
| Zhang et al. | Research on a new electromechanical energy acquisition system | |
| CN203444899U (en) | Pulse type bidirectional self-holding electromagnet | |
| Chen et al. | A Thermal Energy Harvester Based on Bistable SMA Microactuation | |
| CN110752119B (en) | Negative magnetostriction control relay device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |