CN109742737A - Current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply - Google Patents

Current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109742737A
CN109742737A CN201910208309.2A CN201910208309A CN109742737A CN 109742737 A CN109742737 A CN 109742737A CN 201910208309 A CN201910208309 A CN 201910208309A CN 109742737 A CN109742737 A CN 109742737A
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semiconductor
oxide
metal
output end
input terminal
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CN109742737B (en
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夏虎
刘桂芝
黄年亚
赵寿全
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WUXI LINLI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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WUXI LINLI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply, anode of the one end of inductance L by load connection input power Vin, the drain electrodes of the other end connection switch pipe Q1 of inductance L;Oscillator passes through the grid of rest-set flip-flop connection switch pipe Q1, the source electrode of switching tube Q1 is grounded by resistance Rcs, Constant flow sample unit is separately connected the source electrode of switching tube Q1 and an input terminal with door G1, minimum turn-on time timing unit is separately connected the grid of switching tube Q1 and another input terminal with door G1, the R input of rest-set flip-flop is connect with the output end of door G1, the input terminal of turn-on time detection unit is separately connected the output end of minimum turn-on time timing unit and the output end of Constant flow sample unit, the input terminal of the output end connection oscillator periodic adjustment unit of turn-on time detection unit, the output end connection oscillator of cycle oscillator adjusting unit.The invention has the advantages that design science, practical, structure is simple, easy to use.

Description

Current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current foldback circuits based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply.
Background technique
Fixed cycle Switching Power Supply is widely applied since the device of system is few, advantages of simple structure and simple in field of power supplies.Such as Fig. 1 is a kind of existing switching power supply structure, in switching tube Q1 conducting, is examined by Constant flow sample unit, sampling resistor Rcs Survey output electric current, and together with oscillator, rest-set flip-flop control switch pipe Q1 switch state, make export electric current maintain expectation Current value.
Fig. 2 is the working timing figure of existing switching power circuit, and oscillator is used to generate period fixed square-wave signal CLK, the cycle T of signal CLK are the switch periods of the fixed cycle switching power circuit.When CLK signal is become from low level After high level, the output signal DRV of rest-set flip-flop becomes high level from low level, and switching tube Q1 is become that shape is connected from off state State.Switching tube turn-on time is Ton, and the switching tube turn-off time is Toff, and T=Ton+Toff.In switching tube Q1 conducting Between in Ton, inductive current increases, inductive current increment value are as follows: △ IL+=(Vin-Vout)/L*Ton;It is turned off in switching tube Q1 In time Toff, inductive current reduces, inductive current decreasing value are as follows: △ IL-=Vout/L*Toff=Vout/L* (T-Ton). As △ IL+=△ IL-, inductive current average value is equal in each switch periods, and the average value of output electric current Iout is constant Value.
Switching tube Q1 is become the moment of on state from off state, due to inductance, power tube drain parasitic capacitance resonance Influence, will appear a voltage point punching on sampling resistor Rcs.In order to avoid voltage point punching causes circuit working state wrong Accidentally, it generally by a fixed delay time is just allowed to turn off after switching tube Q1 conducting, the delay time of the fixation is Switching tube minimum conducting limitation time Ton_min, is generated by minimum turn-on time timing unit.When switching tube Q1 is become from turning off After unlatching, minimum turn-on time timing unit starts timing, and Ton_min becomes high level from low level;In minimum turn-on time After timing unit timing, Ton_min becomes low level from high level.
When switching tube Q1 is connected, switching tube Q1 and sampling resistor Rcs are passed through simultaneously by the electric current of inductance L, pass through detection Voltage Vcs on sampling resistor Rcs can detect inductive current indirectly.
When input voltage vin is lower, in switching tube Q1 turn-on time, constant current detection unit passes through detection Vcs voltage inspection Inductive current is surveyed, when inductive current average value is higher than desired value, the output signal SHUT of constant current detection unit is become by low level Input signal CLR for high level, rest-set flip-flop becomes high level from low level, and the output signal DRV of rest-set flip-flop is by high electricity Flat to become low level, switching tube Q1 is become an OFF state by state.
With the increase of input voltage vin, the turn-on time Ton of switching tube Q1 reduces.Make to switch when voltage Vin is increased to After pipe Q1 turn-on time Ton is equal to Ton_min, even if Vin continues to increase, the turn-on time Ton of switching tube Q1 will not subtract again It is small.The reason is that: when inductive current average value is higher than desired value, the output signal SHUT of constant current detection unit is become from low level High level, but the output signal Ton_min of minimum turn-on time timing unit becomes high level from low level not yet.It must wait After the output signal Ton_min of minimum turn-on time timing unit becomes high level from low level, the input of rest-set flip-flop is believed Number CLR can just be become high level from low level and turn off switching tube Q1.In this case, switching tube Q1 turn-on time Ton =Ton_min, as Vin increases, Ton is remained unchanged, in a switch periods, inductive current value added are as follows: △ IL+= (Vin-Vout)/L*Ton_min, inductive current decreasing value are as follows: △ IL-=Vout/L*Toff=Vout/L* (T-Ton_min), Wherein, switch periods T, inductance value L, minimum turn-on time Ton_min and output voltage Vout are invariable, as Vin increases, △ IL+ increases, △ IL- is constant, and so as to cause △ IL+ > △ IL-, i.e., in each switch periods, inductive current average value all exists Increase, so that switch power supply output current Iout increases with Vin and increased, and is more than the constant current value of system setting.Fig. 3 is existing Switching power circuit increases forward and backward inductive current comparison of wave shape figure in Vin.
In order to solve the above problems, people are seeking always a kind of ideal technical solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide, a kind of design science, practical, structure is simple The single, current foldback circuit easy to use based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: it is a kind of based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply Current foldback circuit, the anode of the cathode connection input power Vin of diode, the leakage of the anode connection switch pipe Q1 of diode Pole, anode of the one end of inductance L by load connection input power Vin, the drain electrode of the other end connection switch pipe Q1 of inductance L, The both ends of load are out-put supply Vout;The S input terminal of the output end connection rest-set flip-flop of oscillator, the output end of rest-set flip-flop The source electrode of the grid of connection switch pipe Q1, switching tube Q1 is grounded by resistance Rcs, the input terminal connection switch of Constant flow sample unit The source electrode of pipe Q1, an input terminal of the output end connection and door G1 of Constant flow sample unit, minimum turn-on time timing unit The grid of input terminal connection switch pipe Q1, the output end connection and another input of door G1 of minimum turn-on time timing unit End, the R input of rest-set flip-flop is connect with the output end of door G1;It further include that turn-on time detection unit and cycle oscillator are adjusted Unit, the input terminal of the turn-on time detection unit is separately connected the output end of minimum turn-on time timing unit and constant current is adopted The output end of sample unit, the output end of the turn-on time detection unit connect the input that the cycle oscillator adjusts unit End, is configured to sample the output information of minimum turn-on time timing unit and Constant flow sample unit respectively and compares sample information After be input to the cycle oscillator and adjust unit;The output end that the cycle oscillator adjusts unit connects the oscillator, It is configured to compare the period that output information adjusts oscillator according to the sampling of turn-on time detection unit.
Based on above-mentioned, the turn-on time detection unit includes nor gate G2, nor gate G3 and NOT gate G4, the nor gate An input terminal of G2 connects the output end of the constant current detection unit, described in another input terminal connection of the nor gate G2 The output end of nor gate G3, the output end of the nor gate G2 connect an input terminal of the nor gate G3, the NOT gate G4 Input terminal connect the output end of minimum time conducting timing unit, the output end of the NOT gate G4 connects the nor gate Another input terminal of G3, the output end of the nor gate G3 connect the cycle oscillator and adjust unit.
Based on above-mentioned, it includes NOT gate G5, resistance R2, resistance R3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor that the cycle oscillator, which adjusts unit, Q3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, capacitor C2 and voltage-stabiliser tube VR, the input of the NOT gate G5 The grid of end and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 adjust the input terminal of unit, the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 respectively as the cycle oscillator By the resistance R2 connection power supply Vdd, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 be separately connected metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 drain electrode and capacitor C2 one End, the grid of the output end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 of the NOT gate G5, the source electrode ground connection of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, one end of the capacitor C2 The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connected, the other end ground connection of capacitor C2, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 pass through resistance respectively The drain electrode of R3 connection power supply Vdd, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 are separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, the source electrode ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, MOS The grid of pipe Q5 is grounded by the voltage-stabiliser tube VR, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, metal-oxide-semiconductor The source electrode of Q7 is grounded, the grid of the grid connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, the source electrode ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 connects Connect oscillator.
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features outstanding and significant progress compared with the prior art, specifically, and existing solid Fixed cycle switching power circuit is compared, and overcurrent protection circuit of the invention leads to switching tube turn-on time when input voltage increase When being reduced to the minimum limitation time, by increasing the cycle of oscillation of oscillator, so that limit switch electric power outputting current, protection are opened The output electric current in powered-down source does not exceed desired value, and with design science, practical, structure is simple, easy to use excellent Point.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of prior art switching power circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the working sequence schematic diagram of prior art switching power circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is prior art switching power circuit of the present invention in the forward and backward inductive current comparison of wave shape figure of Vin increase.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of switching power circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram of turn-on time detection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the electrical block diagram that cycle oscillator of the present invention adjusts unit.
Fig. 7 is the electrical block diagram of oscillator in the prior art of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure of turn-on time detection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is switching power circuit of the present invention in the forward and backward inductive current comparison of wave shape figure of Vin increase.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply, the cathode of diode connects input One end of the anode of power supply Vin, the drain electrode of the anode connection switch pipe Q1 of diode, inductance L passes through load connection input power The anode of Vin, the drain electrode of the other end connection switch pipe Q1 of inductance L, the both ends of load are out-put supply Vout;Oscillator it is defeated Outlet connects the S input terminal of rest-set flip-flop, and the source electrode of the grid of the output end connection switch pipe Q1 of rest-set flip-flop, switching tube Q1 is logical Cross resistance Rcs ground connection, the source electrode of the input terminal connection switch pipe Q1 of Constant flow sample unit, the output end connection of Constant flow sample unit With an input terminal of door G1, the grid of the input terminal connection switch pipe Q1 of minimum turn-on time timing unit, when minimum is connected Between timing unit output end connection and another input terminal of door G1, the R that rest-set flip-flop connect with the output end of door G1 input End;It further include turn-on time detection unit and cycle oscillator adjusting unit, the input terminal point of the turn-on time detection unit Not Lian Jie the output end of minimum turn-on time timing unit and the output end of Constant flow sample unit, the turn-on time detection unit Output end connect the input terminal that the cycle oscillator adjusts unit, be configured to sample minimum turn-on time timing unit respectively With the output information of Constant flow sample unit and the cycle oscillator will be input to after sample information adjust unit;The vibration The output end for swinging device periodic adjustment unit connects the oscillator, is configured to more defeated according to the sampling of turn-on time detection unit Information adjusts the period of oscillator out.
The output signal of turn-on time detection unit more minimum turn-on time timing unit and Constant flow sample unit.When defeated The voltage for entering power supply Vin increases to after so that the turn-on time Ton of switching tube Q1 is equal to Ton_min, if Vin continues to increase, The output signal State of turn-on time detection unit becomes high level from low level.When State signal is high level, oscillator The period of oscillator is adjusted in periodic adjustment unit, increases cycle oscillator.State is the time of high level to continue to get over Long, then the period of oscillator is bigger.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 5, the turn-on time detection unit includes nor gate G2, nor gate G3 and NOT gate G4, an input terminal of the nor gate G2 connect the output end of the constant current detection unit, the nor gate G2 another Input terminal connects the output end of the nor gate G3, and the output end of the nor gate G2 connects an input of the nor gate G3 End, the input terminal of the NOT gate G4 connect the output end of the minimum time conducting timing unit, the output end of the NOT gate G4 Another input terminal of the nor gate G3 is connected, the output end of the nor gate G3 connects the cycle oscillator and adjusts list Member.
As shown in figure 8, switching tube turn-on time Ton is greater than Ton_min, the height electricity of SHUT signal when Vin voltage is lower When flat arrival, Ton_min is high level, and signal State is maintained low level.Make leading for switching tube Q1 when Vin voltage increases to After logical time Ton is equal to Ton_min, if Vin continues to increase, when the high level of SHUT signal arrives, Ton_min is low electricity Flat, signal State becomes high level.Vin is bigger, and SHUT signal is more early to become high level, in a switch periods, State The time for being continuously high level is longer.Signal State is for being adjusted cycle oscillator.
As shown in fig. 6, it includes NOT gate G5, resistance R2, resistance R3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, MOS that the cycle oscillator, which adjusts unit, Pipe Q3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, capacitor C2 and voltage-stabiliser tube VR, the NOT gate G5's is defeated Enter input terminal of the grid of end and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 respectively as cycle oscillator adjusting unit, the leakage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 By the resistance R2 connection power supply Vdd, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is separately connected drain electrode and the capacitor C2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 for pole One end, the grid of the output end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 of the NOT gate G5, the source electrode ground connection of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, the one of the capacitor C2 The grid of end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, the other end ground connection of capacitor C2, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 pass through electricity respectively The drain electrode of resistance R3 connection power supply Vdd, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 are separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 is grounded, The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is grounded by the voltage-stabiliser tube VR, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, The source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 is grounded, the grid of the grid connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, the source electrode ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8's Drain connection oscillator.When signal State is low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is disconnected, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 conducting, capacitor C2 is discharged rapidly To 0, the voltage VC2 on capacitor C2 is 0.When signal State becomes high level from low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conducting, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 It disconnects, capacitor C2 is electrically charged, and the voltage VC2 on capacitor C2 is gradually increasing.Power supply Vdd, resistance R3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 and voltage-stabiliser tube VR constitute a voltage controlled current source, and voltage VC2 is connected to voltage control electricity The input terminal in stream source, the output of voltage controlled current source are electric current I2.When the voltage value of voltage VC2 is 0, output electric current I2 is 0; The voltage value of voltage VC2 is bigger, and output electric current I2 is bigger.
In general, as shown in fig. 7, the period of oscillator determined by charging current I1 and capacitor C1.Cycle oscillator adjusts single After the output electric current I2 of member is connected to one end charging current I1 of oscillator, effective charging current of oscillator becomes I1-I2.When When the output electric current I2 that cycle oscillator adjusts unit is increased by 0, effective charging current of oscillator reduces, the period of oscillator T increases.The rate that cycle oscillator T increases with Vin can be by the amplification factor of resistance R2, capacitor C2 and voltage controlled current source It determines.
As shown in figure 9, Vin continues to increase after Vin voltage, which increases to, makes switching tube Q1 turn-on time Ton be equal to Ton_min Greatly, switching tube turn-on time Ton=Ton_min.In the prior art, in a switch periods, inductive current value added are as follows: △ IL+=(Vin-Vout)/L*Ton_min, inductive current decreasing value are as follows: △ IL-=Vout/L*Toff=Vout/L* (T-Ton_ Min), wherein switch periods T, inductance value L, minimum turn-on time Ton_min and output voltage Vout are invariable.With Vin Increase, △ IL+ increases.In the present invention, the cycle T of oscillator follows Vin to increase, so that △ IL- increases.By to oscillator The design of periodic adjustment unit, the rate that setting cycle oscillator T appropriate increases with Vin can accomplish to switch at each △ IL+≤△ IL- in period, so that switch power supply output current Iout be made not increase with Vin and increase.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof;To the greatest extent The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced;Without departing from this hair The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of current foldback circuit based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply, the cathode connection input power Vin of diode is just Pole, the drain electrode of the anode connection switch pipe Q1 of diode, anode of the one end of inductance L by load connection input power Vin, electricity Feel the drain electrode of the other end connection switch pipe Q1 of L, the both ends of load are out-put supply Vout;The output end connection RS touching of oscillator The S input terminal of device, the grid of the output end connection switch pipe Q1 of rest-set flip-flop are sent out, the source electrode of switching tube Q1 is connect by resistance Rcs Ground, the source electrode of the input terminal connection switch pipe Q1 of Constant flow sample unit, the output end connection and the one of door G1 of Constant flow sample unit A input terminal, the grid of the input terminal connection switch pipe Q1 of minimum turn-on time timing unit, minimum turn-on time timing unit Output end connection and another input terminal of door G1, the R input of rest-set flip-flop is connect with the output end of door G1, feature exists In: it further include turn-on time detection unit and cycle oscillator adjusting unit, the input terminal point of the turn-on time detection unit Not Lian Jie the output end of minimum turn-on time timing unit and the output end of Constant flow sample unit, the turn-on time detection unit Output end connect the input terminal that the cycle oscillator adjusts unit, be configured to sample minimum turn-on time timing unit respectively With the output information of Constant flow sample unit and the cycle oscillator will be input to after sample information adjust unit;The vibration The output end for swinging device periodic adjustment unit connects the oscillator, is configured to more defeated according to the sampling of turn-on time detection unit Information adjusts the period of oscillator out.
2. the current foldback circuit according to claim 1 based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply, it is characterised in that: described to lead Logical time detection unit includes described in the input terminal connection of nor gate G2, nor gate G3 and NOT gate G4, the nor gate G2 The output end of constant current detection unit, another input terminal of the nor gate G2 connects the output end of the nor gate G3, described The output end of nor gate G2 connects an input terminal of the nor gate G3, when the input terminal connection of the NOT gate G4 is described minimum Between be connected timing unit output end, the output end of the NOT gate G4 connects another input terminal of the nor gate G3, described The output end of nor gate G3 connects the cycle oscillator and adjusts unit.
3. the current foldback circuit according to claim 1 based on fixed cycle Switching Power Supply, it is characterised in that: the vibration Swinging device periodic adjustment unit includes NOT gate G5, resistance R2, resistance R3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, MOS The grid of pipe Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, capacitor C2 and voltage-stabiliser tube VR, the input terminal of the NOT gate G5 and the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 point The input terminal of unit is not adjusted as the cycle oscillator, the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 passes through the resistance R2 connection power supply Vdd, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 are separately connected the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and one end of capacitor C2, and the output end of the NOT gate G5 connects Connect the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, the source electrode ground connection of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, the grid of one end connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 of the capacitor C2, capacitor The other end of C2 is grounded, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 passes through resistance R3 with the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 respectively and connects power supply Vdd, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 Drain electrode be separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, the source electrode ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 passes through the pressure stabilizing Pipe VR ground connection, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 are separately connected grid and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 is grounded, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7's Grid connects the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, the source electrode ground connection of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, the drain electrode connection oscillator of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8.
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