CN109736993A - 2 mu m waveband laser igniters of one kind and ignition method - Google Patents
2 mu m waveband laser igniters of one kind and ignition method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
2 mu m waveband laser igniters of one kind and ignition method, belong to laser technology field.Ignition method of the present invention is divided into two stages, and first stage preheats fuel by the self-service Ho:YAG laser for having built wave band；Second stage is lighted a fire with the 1064nm laser for stablizing high-energy again.Preheating device includes heating part and probe portion, wherein probe portion includes: the LED light using high brightness, convex lens, concavees lens, diaphragm, plane mirror build imaging system, make it through lab fuel secret room, the temperature of infrared thermometer monitoring fuel is used with the temperature distribution situation of schlieren method record warm-up phase aqueous vapor using high-speed cmos.Heating part first uses Ho:YAG laser to focus two beam laser by concavees lens and convex lens in output end, fuel is preheated at place with a tight waist, after reaching monitoring temperature, it is lighted a fire again by the high power Nd:YAG of 1064nm, minimum ignition energy is also reduced while greatly improving ignition success rate, realizes the igniting of engine under lean burn condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology fields, and in particular to 2 mu m waveband laser igniters of one kind and ignition method.
Background technique
Burning is the important sources of energy and power needed for human being's production and life.With the acceleration of process of industrialization,
The usable storage of the non-renewable energy resources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas is sharply reduced, and greenhouse gases, the nitrogen oxygen generated with burning
The byproducts such as compound, particulate matter also result in the serious environmental problem such as greenhouse effects, Ozone hole, acid rain, to earth environment
Serious influence is caused with human lives.Therefore, how to improve combustion system efficiency of combustion, reduce pollutant discharge at
For an important topic of educational circles of burning now.
Studies have shown that temperature is lower when lean combustion is reacted, the discharge of nitrogen oxides can be effectively reduced, while can greatly save again
Fuel improves efficiency of combustion, is a kind of effective way for solving the energy and environmental problem of current combustion systems face.But lean combustion
When reaction, due to fuel relative deficiency, the flame-out probability with loss of ignition of combustion system is also increased accordingly, to the steady of combustion system
It is qualitative to cause serious influence.The igniting reliability for how guaranteeing lean-burn systems, to current natural gas engine and internal combustion engine
The electric plug ignition system of use proposes acid test.In order to improve ignition success rate, need to greatly improve electric spark
Fill in interelectrode discharge voltage.And high voltage operation accelerates the corrosion of electrode, and electrode spacing is caused to increase, this need again into
One step improves discharge voltage.This vicious circle substantially reduces the service life of electric plug.Therefore, novel igniting is studied
Mode realizes the reliable and stable igniting of lean-burn systems, becomes the research hotspot of current advanced engine art.
Laser induced plasma igniting is LIPI, and this novel sparking mode is exactly to face skill in traditional sparking mode
Grow up under the background of art development bottleneck.It is by pulse laser focusing into air mixture, by multiphoton ionization, snow
It collapses the induction of the processes such as ionization and inverse bremsstrahlung and generates plasma, it is anti-by fuel factor caused by plasma and combustion chemistry
Effect is answered, induction generates combustion activity group, forms initial fiery core, then realizes air mixture by the propagation of initial fiery core
Igniting.The above-mentioned technical advantage of LIPI is allowed to be expected to break through the point that the combustion systems such as Lean burn combustion system, rocket engine face
Ignition technique bottleneck, pushes the development of related fields, therefore has obtained the extensive concern of researcher.US National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The Liou of Louis research center NASA LewisResearch Center is using the Nd:YAG laser of wavelength 1064nm to gas
Oxygen/gas hydrogen GOX/GH, gas oxygen/gas methane GOX/GCH, gas oxygen/kerosene GOX/RP-1, gas oxygen/tetra- kinds of carbon monoxide GOX/GCO are pushed away
LIPI experiment has been carried out into agent, has obtained the experiment such as propellant equivalent proportion, chamber pressure, pulsed laser energy and repetition rate
Influence of the condition to LIPI, it is indicated that the electromagnetic interference of LIPI an order of magnitude lower than electric plug ignition system.U.S. NASA horse
Xie Er space flight center Marshall Space Flight Center and Los Alamos National Laboratories Los
AlamosNational Laboratory cooperation has carried out the research work of dipulse combination LIPI technology, using two wavelength
The Nd:YAG laser of 1064nm has carried out LIPI reality to a variety of propellants such as GOX/GH2, GOX/CH4 and GOX/RP-1
It tests.The study found that the demand to laser ignition gross energy can be effectively reduced using dipulse combination.Japanese national aerospace experiment
Room National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan is sent out using materials such as laser ablation stainless steels in model rocket
GOX/GH2 the and GOX/GCH4 propellant for mutually hitting spray form to two strands in motivation has carried out LIPI research.Aviation of Germany space
The Oschwald seminar of office German Aerospace Center, DLR are using high speed photography in small rocket motor
LIPI experiment has been carried out to LOX/GH2 and GOX/GCH4 propellant on simulated combustion device, has obtained propellant spray and flame
Transient process, and carried out the experiment of the LIPI under vacuum condition, the operating condition of simulated engine high-altitude ignition.
It to sum up analyzes, people have carried out replication experiment work in engineer application of multiple engine arts to LIPI
Make.But it should be noted that demand of the LIPI to igniting laser pulse energy is still a weight for restricting its engineer application
Want factor.In these replication experiments, pulsed laser energy needed for LIPI realizes successful ignition is generally tens mJ, some
Even 100mJ or more.This undoubtedly can cause heavy burden to volume, the power consumption etc. of igniting laser system, restrict LIPI's
Engineer application.Although the research of miniaturization Laser Igniter is in progress in the recent period, still need to manufacture into one the working body of LIPI
The exploration of step, to reduce the demand to igniting laser system, such as laser ablation plasma igniting and double pulse set chalaza fire.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to realize that higher efficiency is lighted a fire, keeps burning more abundant, realize and light a fire in lean combustion range, drop
Igniting energy of light source demand is reduced while the discharge of low pollution object, pushes the development on engineer application, for this purpose, the present invention provides
A kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniters and ignition method can carry out pre-add using the water feature strong in 2 mu m waveband absorbabilities
Heat, then light a fire.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniters, comprising: laser preheating device and laser-ignition unit, laser preheating device
It is divided into laser preheating device probe portion and laser preheating device heating part；Specifically include light source 1, lens 2, convex lens 3, light
Door screen 4, plane mirror 5, the edge of a knife 6, gas cell 7,8,2 μm of HO:YAG lasers 9 of high-speed cmos, convergent laser beam 10, fuel spray
Mouth 11, infrared hot line instrument 12, spectrometer and power meter 13, control valve 14, appendix 15, flowmeter 16, vacuum pump 17, aqueous vapor
18, methane 19, fuel 20；The laser preheating device heating part includes 2 μm of HO:YAG lasers 9 and convergent laser beam 10；
The high energy pulse that 2 μm of HO:YAG9 generate 2 mu m wavebands is sent by convergent laser beam 10 to gas cell 7；The laser preheating
Device probe portion includes schlieren device, infrared hot line instrument 12 and spectrometer and power meter 13；Schlieren device be by light source 1 successively
The imaging system formed by lens 2, convex lens 3, diaphragm 4, plane mirror 5, the edge of a knife 6, gas cell 7 and high-speed cmos 8；Schlieren
The light that the light source 1 of device generates successively enters gas cell 7 by plane mirror 5 after lens 2, convex lens 3, diaphragm 4, through gas
The emergent light of body unit 7 passes through plane mirror again and reflexes to the edge of a knife 6, then injects high-speed cmos 8 in parallel by a convex lens；It is infrared
Hot line instrument 12 and spectrometer and power meter 13 are located at around gas cell 7；The laser-ignition unit is the Nd of 1064nm:
YAG laser system is located at around fuel combination gas chamber mouth, and fuel nozzle ports 11 are located at around gas cell 7.
The fuel combination gas chamber includes control valve 14, appendix 15, flowmeter 16, vacuum pump 17, aqueous vapor 18, methane
19, fuel 20,15 one end of appendix are connected to vacuum pump 17, aqueous vapor 18, methane 19, fuel 20 respectively after passing through flowmeter 16；
15 other end of appendix is connected in gas cell 7 by control valve 14.
2 μm of HO:YAG lasers 9 be use autonomous Design solid two-dimensional material as adjusting Q crystal, there is high arteries and veins
Rush energy.
Fuel combination gas chamber is controlled by control valve 14, is pre-mixed again after vacuumizing.
The infrared hot line instrument 12 records the temperature regime of combustion boundary in such a way that multiple spot adopts temperature.
The light source of the schlieren device is the LED light of high brightness, and imaging reaches through lens and leads to again on the edge of a knife in optical path
Cross high speed cmos imaging.
A kind of 2 mu m waveband laser ignition methods complete premix first and share 2 μm of lasers to be preheated, detection system into
Row detection, after reaching firing temperature, then is lighted a fire with the higher 1064nm laser of power.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
By pre-burning device solve the problems, such as presently, there are laser ignition failure, improve ignition success rate.Simultaneously
The high request to igniting laser energy is also reduced, reduces unnecessary energy dissipation, increases the safety of igniting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is pre-heating system figure；
Fig. 2 is mixed air vessel's figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2 mu m waveband laser igniters of one kind and ignition method, comprising: laser preheating device and laser-ignition unit, in advance
Thermal points are probe portion and heating part.
The optical path of preheating and ignition section setting is focused laser, it is made to reach test secret room.
Probe portion includes schlieren device and infrared temperature measurement apparatus.
Probe portion in the preheating device can absorb the temperature conditions generated to water using schlieren method and remember
Record, the element for including have the LED light of high brightness, convex lens, concavees lens, diaphragm, high-speed cmos.
Probe portion in the preheating device, infrared measurement of temperature part uses contactless infrared thermometer, right
Pre-heating system carries out temperature monitoring.
Heating part in the preheating device uses Ho:YAG laser, generates the high-energy arteries and veins of 2 mu m wavebands
Punching has the aqueous vapor in the fuel absorbed by force to generate high temperature, preheats to fuel.
The igniter, after the completion of preheating using the Nd:YAG laser of high-energy output end by concavees lens and
Convex lens focuses two beam laser, lights a fire at place with a tight waist to fuel.
The HO:YAG laser for mixing holmium, can produce the laser of 2 mu m wavebands, and laser first passes through optical system in advance and carries out dipulse
Focusing, enter back into fuel gas chamber.In order to monitor fuel combustion situation, we realize the optics of the inside of flame with schlieren method
Measurement.The LED light of high brightness is as light source, is reflected through fuel gas chamber by convex lens and diaphragm, then with plane mirror, out it
Light beam afterwards enters in high-speed cmos using lens group, and CMOS can recorde the heat distribution of combustion boundary.It is external
Device has infrared thermometry device, can carry out Multi-point detection to pre-heating system, light a fire after reaching preheating temperature.Igniter is
The Nd:YAG Optical Maser System of 1064nm is lighted a fire by focusing on fuel combination gas chamber mouth a distance, combustion case according to
It can so be measured by above-mentioned monitoring system.
The invention also includes features some in this way:
1. experiment 2um laser used be use autonomous Design solid two-dimensional material as adjusting Q crystal, with very high
Pulse energy.
2. fuel gas chamber pre-mixing apparatus is pre-mixed after vacuumizing again by Air Valve Control.
3. fuel gas chamber is mixed in advance, the fuel combination of water and air and methane including certain volume score.
4. in such a way that multiple spot adopts temperature, the temperature regime of several combustion boundaries is can be obtained in the temperature of pre-heating system.To
Obtain the distribution situation of temperature.
5. the light of schlieren device used in is the LED light of high brightness, and imaging reaches on the edge of a knife again through lens in optical path
It is imaged by high-speed cmos.
The case where laser of 6.1064nm has very high pulse energy, and schlieren device can recorde ignition point, can
Successfully to judge lighting a fire.
7. the output power of laser will first pass through power meter and oscillograph in advance, spectrometer is measured, to analysis and research
Laser ignition mechanism provides very big effect.
As shown in Figure 1, pre-heating system is made of regenerator section and probe portion, regenerator section is that 2 μm of HO:YAG swash
Light device, after lens focus focal point to premix fuel preheat, the light after outgoing by power meter to its power into
Row detection, calculate preheating after laser dump power be research ignition mechanism provide data, by connection spectrometer it is detectable obtain
To the absorption spectrum of laser spectrum and substance, data are provided to successful factor of lighting a fire to research equivalent proportion.Probe portion uses
A set of schlieren system, the LED light source of high brightness passes through lens focus, then passes it through fuel gas chamber, record igniting with plane mirror
The process of fuel combustion in the process, light out is by that after being exposed with the CMOS of high speed, can obtain on lens focus to the edge of a knife
To the image information of each frame of combustion reaction process.
As shown in Fig. 2 the process of premixed gas, the effective multiple Air Valve Controls of gas chamber gas use vacuum pumping first
Gas guarantees that premixing gas chamber is in vacuum state, the proportion of gas is then carried out according to theoretical calculation, controls methane with flowmeter
With the ratio of air.The controllable research for realizing laser ignition under different equivalent proportions, this for LIPI influence ignition mechanism because
Element research provides data, according to the line absorption characteristic of water, then participates in the water of certain percentage, entire pre-mixing process terminates.
In use, completion premix shares 2 μm of lasers and is preheated the present invention first, and detection system is detected, and is reached
It to can be after firing temperature, then be lighted a fire with the relatively high 1064nm laser of power, whole system can be for Study of Laser
Power, minimum ignition energy and its relationship lighted a fire in successfully between equivalent proportion and active group concentration, for studying LIPI machine
Application in reason and its engineering has very big value.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniters characterized by comprising laser preheating device and laser-ignition unit, laser
Preheating device is divided into laser preheating device probe portion and laser preheating device heating part；Specifically include light source (1), lens
(2), convex lens (3), diaphragm (4), plane mirror (5), the edge of a knife (6), gas cell (7), high-speed cmos (8), 2 μm of HO:YAG laser
Device (9), convergent laser beam (10), fuel nozzle ports (11), infrared hot line instrument (12), spectrometer and power meter (13), control valve
(14), appendix (15), flowmeter (16), vacuum pump (17), aqueous vapor (18), methane (19), fuel (20)；The laser preheating
Device heating part includes 2 μm of HO:YAG lasers (9) and convergent laser beam (10)；2 μm of HO:YAG lasers (9) generate 2 μm
The high energy pulse of wave band is sent by convergent laser beam (10) to gas cell (7)；The laser preheating device probe portion
Including schlieren device, infrared hot line instrument (12) and spectrometer and power meter (13)；Schlieren device is by light source (1) successively by saturating
The imaging of mirror (2), convex lens (3), diaphragm (4), plane mirror (5), the edge of a knife (6), gas cell (7) and high-speed cmos (8) composition
System；The light that the light source (1) of schlieren device generates successively passes through plane mirror after (4) by lens (2), convex lens (3), diaphragm
(5) enter gas cell (7), the emergent light through gas cell (7) passes through plane mirror again and reflexes to the edge of a knife (6), then convex by one
Lens inject high-speed cmos (8) in parallel；Infrared hot line instrument (12) and spectrometer and power meter (13) are located at the week of gas cell (7)
It encloses；The laser-ignition unit is the Nd:YAG Optical Maser System of 1064nm, is located at around fuel combination gas chamber mouth, fuel nozzle ports
(11) it is located at around gas cell (7).
2. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fuel combination gas chamber
It is defeated including control valve (14), appendix (15), flowmeter (16), vacuum pump (17), aqueous vapor (18), methane (19), fuel (20)
Tracheae (15) one end is connected to vacuum pump (17), aqueous vapor (18), methane (19), fuel (20) respectively after passing through flowmeter (16)；
Appendix (15) other end is connected on gas cell (7) by control valve (14).
3. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 2 μm of HO:YAG swash
Light device (9) be use autonomous Design solid two-dimensional material as adjusting Q crystal, there is high pulse energy.
4. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: fuel combination gas chamber passes through
Control valve (14) control, is pre-mixed again after vacuumizing.
5. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the infrared hot line instrument
(12) temperature regime of combustion boundary is recorded in such a way that multiple spot adopts temperature.
6. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser igniter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the light of the schlieren device
Source is the LED light of high brightness, and imaging is reached through lens and is imaged again by high-speed cmos on the edge of a knife in optical path.
7. a kind of 2 mu m waveband laser ignition methods, it is characterised in that: completion premix shares 2 μm of lasers and preheated first, visits
Examining system is detected, and after reaching firing temperature, then is lighted a fire with the higher 1064nm laser of power.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110514780A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of laser ignition measurement gas minimum ignition energy system and application method |
| CN113280998A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Shock wave imaging system and method for laser ablation of target material |
| CN113431723A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-24 | 吉林大学 | Optical fiber ablation ignition system and method based on femtosecond laser ignition |
| CN114837856A (en) * | 2022-05-22 | 2022-08-02 | 浙江大学 | Method for measuring ignition energy of solid energetic fuel |
| CN117269008A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-concentration soot volume fraction measuring device and method based on laser preheating |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110514780A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of laser ignition measurement gas minimum ignition energy system and application method |
| CN113280998A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Shock wave imaging system and method for laser ablation of target material |
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| CN117269008A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-concentration soot volume fraction measuring device and method based on laser preheating |
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