CN109734748A - Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109734748A
CN109734748A CN201811568933.5A CN201811568933A CN109734748A CN 109734748 A CN109734748 A CN 109734748A CN 201811568933 A CN201811568933 A CN 201811568933A CN 109734748 A CN109734748 A CN 109734748A
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pentaphene
oxygroup
flame retardant
allyl amido
added
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陈靖
王伟光
王彦林
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphides and preparation method thereof, and the structure of the compound is shown below:

Description

Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide and its preparation Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide and preparation method thereof, It is fire-retardant that the compound contains phosphorus, nitrogen dual element, can be used as unsaturated-resin, styrene, polyester, polyurethane, epoxy resin, poly- second The fire retardant of enol and coating etc..
Background technique
Due to most high molecular materials be all it is inflammable, because its application caused by fire problem become very prominent Out, so increasingly causing the common concern of people to the flame retardant treatment of material.Since the 1960s, to fire retardant It researches and develops increasingly extensive.Various fire retardants and fire-retardant product emerge in large numbers rapidly.Since phosphorus, nitrogenated flame retardant have P- The synergistic effect of N, flame-retarded efficiency are high.It not only has good flame retardant effect, and nontoxic, non-environmental-pollution, raw material sources are abundant, It is that one kind has charcoal source, acid source, gas source three elements in the expansion type flame retardant of one, and a kind of environment friendly flame retardant.
Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide disclosed by the invention belongs to more phosphorus, more nitrogen knots Structure, phosphorus, nitrogen dual element cooperative flame retardant efficiency are high.It has reactive allyl functional group, can be used as reactive flame retardant use, It can be used as additive flame retardant use.The product structure aromatic is stablized, and decomposition temperature is high, and will not discharge in combustion process has poison gas Body is environmental type fire retardant.And raw material is cheap and easy to get, has a wide range of application, application and development prospect in market is good.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of three phosphonitrile chemical combination of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring Object, the compound have reactive allyl functional group, can be used as reactive flame retardant for the poly- of unsaturated-resin, styrene etc. Conjunction obtains ingrain fireproofing resin, and fire retardant do not migrate, does not influence the mechanical property of material;Also it can be used as additive flame retardant to be used for Polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol and coating etc. it is fire-retardant.Its physical and chemical performance is stablized, nontoxic, fire-retardant effect Can be high, it is good with high molecular material compatibility, deficiency in the prior art can be overcome.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide, which is characterized in that the compound Structure is shown below:
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of three phosphonitrile chemical combination of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring The preparation method of object, simple process are easy to large-scale production, and raw material is cheap and easy to get, and equipment investment is few, low in cost, should Method are as follows:
Hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is dissolved in organic solvent, acid binding agent is added, controls hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, allylamine, phenol And the molar ratio of acid binding agent is 1: 1: 5: 6 reactions, in the case where ice-water bath is cooling, allylamine is added dropwise, control temperature is not higher than 30 DEG C, instead Answer 1h;Phenol is added, is warming up to 60~110 DEG C, 4~7h of insulation reaction;It is cooled to 30 DEG C and removes tiing up for generation hereinafter, filtering Sour agent hydrochloride is evaporated under reduced pressure out organic solvent (recycling), adds 2~3 times of volumes of relative product Theoretical Mass grams Ml distilled water wash twice, separate lower layer's organic phase, 2~3 times of volume milliliters of relative product Theoretical Mass grams be added Several ethyl acetate, is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, is filtered, and filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains colorless and transparent Three phosphonitrile of liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.
This method may be used also are as follows:
Hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is dissolved in organic solvent, equimolar acid binding agent is added, cooling lower dropwise addition of ice-water bath etc. rubs Your allylamine reacts 1h;The phenol for adding 5 times moles of hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is warming up to 60~110 DEG C of 6~9h of reaction, until No hydrogen chloride is released;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, be evaporated under reduced pressure out organic solvent (recycling), adds relative product theory matter The distilled water of amount 2~3 times of volumes ml of grams washes twice, and separates lower layer's organic phase, and relative product Theoretical Mass gram is added The ethyl acetate of 2~3 times of volumes ml of number, is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, is filtered, and acetic acid second is distilled off in filtrate decompression Ester obtains three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.
Acid binding agent as described above is triethylamine, n,N-Dimethylaniline or pyridine.
Organic solvent as described above is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane or toluene, the volume milliliter of organic solvent Several the ratio between quality grams with hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene are 3: 1~5: 1.
Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide of the invention is colourless transparent liquid, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.Yield be 89.2%~ 95.6%, it can be used as unsaturated-resin, styrene, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol and coating etc. Fire retardant.The preparation principle of the reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide is shown below:
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide structure novel of the present invention, phosphorus content are 14.2%, nitrogen content 8.5%, ignition-proof element total content is 23.7%.Structure conjugation is stablized, and can be suitably used for various engineering plastics High temperature process, nitrogen, phosphorus dual element cooperative flame retardant efficiency are high, have good plasticity;
2. reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide of the present invention has reactive allyl function Group, the polymerization that can be used as reactive flame retardant for unsaturated-resin, styrene etc. obtain ingrain fireproofing resin, and fire retardant does not move Shifting, the mechanical property for not influencing material especially achieve the purpose that add response type, according to need for addition after unsaturated-resin The amount for wanting arbitrarily to adjust fire retardant, reaches different flame retardant ratings, very convenient;Also it can be used as additive flame retardant to be used for Polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol and coating etc. it is fire-retardant.
3. three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring of the present invention is halogen-free, it is good for the environment, belongs to swollen The swollen environmental-friendly fire retardant of type;
4. the preparation method simple process of three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring of the present invention, synthesized Cheng Wuxu addition catalyst does not introduce impurity;Equipment is simple, low in cost, is suitable for large-scale production, there is good application and development Prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Following attached drawing is provided in order to further illustrate the structure and performance spy of product.
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrogram of three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring: Fig. 1 shows 3345cm-1For the stretching vibration peak of allyl amido N-H key;1589cm-1, 1487cm-1For the framework deformation absorption of vibrations on phenyl ring Peak;And 3102cm-1For c h bond stretching vibration peak on phenyl ring;984cm-1For the absorption peak of P=N;1201cm-1For P-N absorption peak; 954cm-1For the absorption peak of P-O-C;1578cm-1For the stretching vibration peak of C=C double bond on allyl amido.
Fig. 2 is the nuclear magnetic spectrum figure of three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring: Fig. 2 shows with deuterated DMSO is CH at δ 1.25-1.40 as solvent2=CH-CH2The upper amido hydrogen peak-NH;It is CH at δ 3.25-3.322=CH-CH2- The hydrogen peak of the upper methylene that is connected with amido of NH;It is CH at δ 4.94-5.132=CH-CH2The hydrogen peak of the upper double bond methylene of-NH;δ It is CH at 5.88-6.012=CH-CH2The hydrogen peak of the upper-CH- of-NH;It is the hydrogen peak on phenyl ring at δ 6.42-6.97.
Fig. 3 is the thermal analysis curve figure of three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring: Fig. 3 shows temperature Start weightlessness for 293 DEG C of samples;Subsequent weight loss rate is accelerated, the weight-loss ratio 50% when temperature is 389 DEG C;Weightless speed after 600 DEG C Rate flattens slow, illustrates that sample surface layer forms layer protecting film at this time, still there is 16% residue when to 800 DEG C of final temperature, Illustrate that product has preferable thermal stability.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is described further.
Embodiment 1 is being equipped with blender, thermometer and condenser pipe, and in the condenser pipe 250mL tri- suitable for reading equipped with drying tube In mouthful bottle, with the air in nitrogen displacement bottle falling, addition 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL tetrahydrofuran, 12.12g (0.12mol) triethylamine, after stirring dissolves hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) of ice-water bath Allylamine controls temperature at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 60 DEG C, reacts 7h;Drop For temperature to 30 DEG C hereinafter, filtering the triethylamine hydrochloride for removing and generating, tetrahydrofuran (recycling) is distilled off in filtrate decompression, point Not Jia Ru 25mL water washing twice, separate lower layer's organic phase, 20mL ethyl acetate be added, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, It filters, filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 90.1%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 2 is being equipped with blender, thermometer and condenser pipe, and in the condenser pipe 250mL tri- suitable for reading equipped with drying tube In mouth bottle, with the air in nitrogen displacement bottle falling, 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL acetonitrile, 12.12g is added (0.12mol) triethylamine, after stirring dissolves hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) allyl of ice-water bath Amine controls temperature at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 80 DEG C, reacts 6h;It is cooled to 30 DEG C hereinafter, the triethylamine hydrochloride that suction filtration removing generates, filtrate decompression are distilled off acetonitrile (recycling), are separately added into 25mL water washing twice, separates lower layer's organic phase, and 20mL ethyl acetate is added, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filters, filter Liquid vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate, obtains three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 92.7%, is dodged Point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 3 is being equipped with blender, thermometer and condenser pipe, and in the condenser pipe 250mL tri- suitable for reading equipped with drying tube In mouthful bottle, with the air in nitrogen displacement bottle falling, addition 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL dioxane, 14.52g (0.12mol) n,N-Dimethylaniline, after stirring dissolves hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, the cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g of ice-water bath (0.02mol) allylamine controls temperature at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 100 DEG C, React 5h;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, filtering the n,N-Dimethylaniline hydrochloride for removing and generating, dioxy is distilled off in filtrate decompression Six rings (recycling), are separately added into 25mL water washing twice, separate lower layer's organic phase, and 20mL ethyl acetate is added, with 1g without Water magnesium sulfate is dried, and filters, and filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup Three phosphonitrile of ring.Yield is 95.6%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25 =1.3948.
Embodiment 4 is being equipped with blender, thermometer and condenser pipe, and in the condenser pipe 250mL tri- suitable for reading equipped with drying tube In mouth bottle, with the air in nitrogen displacement bottle falling, 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL toluene, 9.48g is added (0.12mol) pyridine, after stirring dissolves hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) allylamine of ice-water bath, Temperature is controlled at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 110 DEG C, reacts 4h;It is cooled to 30 DEG C hereinafter, filtering the pyridine hydrochloride for removing and generating, filtrate decompression is distilled off toluene (recycling), is separately added into 25mL water It washes twice, separates lower layer's organic phase, 20mL ethyl acetate is added, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filter, filtrate decompression Ethyl acetate is distilled off, obtains three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 93.0%, and flash-point (is opened Cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 5 is being equipped with blender, thermometer, high performance reflux condenser and is inhaling in the condenser pipe hydrogen chloride suitable for reading that is connected to In the 250mL four-hole boiling flask of receiving apparatus, catch up with the air in most bottle with nitrogen, be added 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL tetrahydrofuran and 2.02 (0.02mol) triethylamines, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) allylamine of ice-water bath, control Temperature is at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 60 DEG C, 9h is reacted, until putting without hydrogen chloride Out;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, vacuum distillation removing tetrahydrofuran (recycling), is separately added into 25mL water washing twice, separates Lower layer's organic phase is added 20mL ethyl acetate, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filters, and acetic acid is distilled off in filtrate decompression Ethyl ester obtains three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 89.2%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 6 is being equipped with blender, thermometer, high performance reflux condenser and is inhaling in the condenser pipe hydrogen chloride suitable for reading that is connected to In the 250mL four-hole boiling flask of receiving apparatus, catch up with the air in most bottle with nitrogen, be added 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL acetonitrile and 2.02 (0.02mol) triethylamines, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) allylamine of ice-water bath, control temperature At 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 80 DEG C, reacts 8h, until being released without hydrogen chloride;Drop Temperature is to 30 DEG C hereinafter, vacuum distillation removing acetonitrile (recycling), is separately added into 25mL water washing twice, it is organic to separate lower layer Phase is added 20mL ethyl acetate, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filters, and filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains nothing Three phosphonitrile of color transparency liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 91.6%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 7 is being equipped with blender, thermometer, high performance reflux condenser and is inhaling in the condenser pipe hydrogen chloride suitable for reading that is connected to In the 250mL four-hole boiling flask of receiving apparatus, catch up with the air in most bottle with nitrogen, be added 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL dioxane and 2.42g (0.02mol) n,N-Dimethylaniline, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) alkene of ice-water bath Propylamine controls temperature at 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 100 DEG C, 7h is reacted, until nothing Hydrogen chloride is released;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, vacuum distillation removing dioxane (recycling), is separately added into 25mL water washing two It is secondary, lower layer's organic phase is separated, 20mL ethyl acetate is added, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, is filtered, filtrate decompression distillation removes Ethyl acetate is removed, three phosphonitrile of colourless transparent liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring is obtained.Yield is 94.3%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
Embodiment 8 is being equipped with blender, thermometer, high performance reflux condenser and is inhaling in the condenser pipe hydrogen chloride suitable for reading that is connected to In the 250mL four-hole boiling flask of receiving apparatus, catch up with the air in most bottle with nitrogen, take 6.95g (0.02mol) hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, 120mL toluene and 1.58g (0.02mol) pyridine, cooling lower dropwise addition 1.14g (0.02mol) allylamine of ice-water bath, control temperature exist 30 DEG C hereinafter, reaction 1h;9.40g (0.10mol) phenol is added, is warming up to 110 DEG C, reacts 6h, until being released without hydrogen chloride;Cooling To 30 DEG C hereinafter, vacuum distillation removes toluene (recycling), it is separately added into 25mL water washing twice, separates lower layer's organic phase, 20mL ethyl acetate is added, is dried with 1g anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filters, filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains colourless Three phosphonitrile of transparency liquid allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.Yield is 92.8%, flash-point (open cup): 189 ± 5 DEG C, density: 1.401g/cm3(25 DEG C), index of refraction: nD 25=1.3948.
1 preparation example main technologic parameters of table
Three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring of above-mentioned synthesis is also applied to 191 by inventor In unsaturated-resin, by three phosphonitrile of allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring and 191 unsaturated-resins, cyclohexanone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate After mixing according to the proportion in following table, it pours into and is covered in the mold of glass wool cloth, long 15cm, width 0.7cm, thickness is made The modified resin batten of 0.3cm.Then flame retardant property measurement is carried out to it, reference: GB/T2406-2008 " Plastics Combustion performance Test method-oxygen index method " test sample item limit oxygen index.Test result is as shown in table 2:
2 reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring of table, three phosphonitrile flame retardant property in unsaturated-resin
It is generally acknowledged that the limit oxygen index of fire proofing, which reaches 27 or more, preferable flame retardant property.As shown in Table 2 when When mass fraction of three phosphonitrile of allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring in 191 unsaturated-resins is 20%, LOI 29;It thus can be with Find out that three phosphonitrile of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring has preferable flame-retarded efficiency to 191 unsaturated-resins.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide, which is characterized in that the knot of the compound Structure is shown below:
2. the preparation side of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that this method are as follows:
Hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is dissolved in organic solvent, acid binding agent is added, control hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene, allylamine, phenol and is tied up The molar ratio of sour agent is 1: 1: 5: 6 reactions, in the case where ice-water bath is cooling, allylamine is added dropwise, control temperature is not higher than 30 DEG C, reaction 1h;Phenol is added, is warming up to 60~110 DEG C, 4~7h of insulation reaction;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, acid is tied up in suction filtration removing generation Agent hydrochloride, is evaporated under reduced pressure out organic solvent, adds the distillation of relative product Theoretical Mass 2~3 times of volumes ml of grams Water washing twice, separates lower layer's organic phase, and the ethyl acetate of 2~3 times of volumes ml of relative product Theoretical Mass grams is added, It is dried, is filtered with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains colourless transparent liquid allyl amido five Phenoxy cyclotriphosphazene.
3. the preparation side of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that this method are as follows:
Hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is dissolved in organic solvent, equimolar acid binding agent is added, equimolar allyl is added dropwise under ice-water bath Amine reacts 1h;The phenol for adding 5 times moles of hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene is warming up to 60~110 DEG C of 6~9h of reaction, until without hydrogen chloride It releases;30 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, be evaporated under reduced pressure out organic solvent, adds 2~3 times of volumes millis of relative product Theoretical Mass grams The distilled water for rising number washes twice, and separates lower layer's organic phase, and 2~3 times of volumes ml of relative product Theoretical Mass grams are added Ethyl acetate, be dried, filtered, filtrate decompression is distilled off ethyl acetate, obtains colorless and transparent liquid with anhydrous sodium sulfate Three phosphonitrile of body allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup ring.
4. according to the preparation of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide described in claim 2 and 3 Method, it is characterised in that: the acid binding agent is triethylamine, n,N-Dimethylaniline or pyridine.
5. according to the preparation of reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide described in claim 2 and 3 Method, it is characterised in that: the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane or toluene, the volume of organic solvent It ml is 3: 1~5: 1 with the ratio between the quality grams of hexachlorocyclotriph,sphazene.
CN201811568933.5A 2018-12-10 2018-12-10 Reactive flame retardant allyl amido pentaphene oxygroup cyclotrinitrile phosphide and preparation method thereof Pending CN109734748A (en)

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