CN109733364B - Automatic pressure regulating valve for vehicle electric control air brake system and control method - Google Patents
Automatic pressure regulating valve for vehicle electric control air brake system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109733364B CN109733364B CN201910082462.5A CN201910082462A CN109733364B CN 109733364 B CN109733364 B CN 109733364B CN 201910082462 A CN201910082462 A CN 201910082462A CN 109733364 B CN109733364 B CN 109733364B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic pressure regulating valve for a vehicle electric control air brake system and a control method, wherein the automatic pressure regulating valve comprises an upper valve body, a lower valve body, a high-speed air inlet valve, a high-speed exhaust valve and a one-way valve, wherein the lower valve body is connected with the upper valve body, and the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper valve body; the automatic control valve is characterized in that a control cavity is arranged in the upper valve body, a piston is arranged in the control cavity, an automatic control port, a control cavity exhaust port and a manual control port are further arranged on the upper valve body, the automatic control port is connected with an upper cavity of the control cavity through a high-speed air inlet valve, the control cavity exhaust port is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity through a high-speed exhaust valve, a one-way valve is connected with the manual control port, a relay valve is arranged in the lower valve body, an input port and an output port are respectively arranged on two sides of the relay valve, and a lower cavity of the control. The functions of pressure increasing, pressure maintaining and pressure reducing of the output port are achieved, the pressure of the automobile brake chamber is quickly and automatically adjusted, the transmission delay of the air pressure brake system is reduced, and the safety of vehicle braking is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to an automatic pressure regulating valve for a vehicle electric control air pressure braking system and a control method.
Background
With the development of automatic driving and intelligent safety technology, higher requirements are put forward on the safety of a vehicle braking system, and the traditional air brake is also renovated towards an electric control air brake and a wire control air brake. The existing pneumatic braking system has the defects of long pressure transmission time delay and incapability of accurately adjusting the braking pressure in real time. Therefore, the key problem to be solved for the technical upgrading of the air brake system is that the electronic control replaces the pneumatic control, and the real-time and accurate adjustment of the brake pressure can be realized. The pressure regulating valve is used as a core component for pressure regulation of the pneumatic braking system, and is inevitably developed towards an automatic pressure regulating valve in order to be suitable for an electric control pneumatic braking system. The automatic pressure regulating valve can automatically regulate the pressure of the brake air chamber to be consistent with the target pressure according to the given target pressure without intervention of a driver.
At present, the existing pressure regulating valves (an ABS solenoid valve, a relay valve, etc.) in the traditional pneumatic braking system have the problems of incapability of realizing real-time and accurate pressure regulation, long pressure response time delay, incapability of independently regulating pressure of a brake chamber, etc., and the research on the electric control pneumatic braking system is not many, especially the research on the automatic pressure regulating valve used in the electric control pneumatic braking system is few. With the emphasis on the principle of 'fault-oriented safety', the safety and reliability of braking put higher demands on the pressure regulating valve.
The application number is "201320596893.1", and the chinese utility model patent application that publication number is "CN 203543939U" discloses an automobile proportion relay valve, and it includes relay valve and proportional valve, but the relay valve is equipped with longitudinal motion's relay piston in last valve body, is equipped with rubber valve, return spring and spring holder in the valve body down, and the proportional valve is equipped with coil and solenoid valve body, is equipped with proportion pressure regulating air chamber between proportional valve and the relay valve. The utility model discloses an adopted signal of telecommunication proportional control braking atmospheric pressure, replaced traditional atmospheric pressure control transmission process, shortened atmospheric pressure transmission time delay, but its structure is more complicated, the part machining precision requires high, manufacturing cost is than higher, can't realize braking atmospheric pressure's real-time regulation, and transmission time delay is longer during automatically controlled trouble.
The Chinese invention patent application with the application number of '201610978768.5' and the publication number of 'CN 106494380A' discloses a composite piston type proportional relay valve, which comprises a relay valve, an electric control mechanism for driving a first piston of the relay valve to move, a control gas inlet and a second piston for a pneumatic control loop. The invention can accurately control the brake system by accurately controlling the working current of the electric control mechanism to enable the output port of the relay valve to generate pressure gas matched with the working current of the electric control mechanism to the brake chamber, but the invention adopts a proportional electromagnet as the electric control mechanism, has higher cost, adopts a valve core structure of a composite piston and a double spring to cause more complex structure, and has longer transmission time delay of the brake system under the working mode of a pneumatic control loop when the electric control fails.
Generally speaking, the pressure regulating valve in the traditional pneumatic braking system can not meet the requirements of real-time, quick, independent and accurate pressure regulation of the electric control pneumatic braking system, and meanwhile, the existing automatic pressure regulating valve which can be used for electric control pneumatic braking has the problems of complex structure, high part machining precision, high manufacturing cost, no 'failure guide safety' and the like. Therefore, the performance requirements of the electric control air pressure braking system on normal, efficient and safe operation of the automatic pressure regulating valve cannot be well met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides an automatic pressure regulating valve and a control method for an electric control air brake system of a vehicle, aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the functions of pressure increasing, pressure maintaining and pressure reducing of an output port are realized, the pressure of an automobile brake chamber is quickly and automatically regulated, an air pressure transmission pipeline is shortened, the transmission delay of the air brake system is reduced, the safety of the vehicle is ensured, and the braking safety of the vehicle is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an automatic pressure regulating valve for an electric control air brake system of a vehicle comprises an upper valve body, a lower valve body, a high-speed air inlet valve, a high-speed exhaust valve and a one-way valve, wherein the lower valve body is connected with the bottom of the upper valve body;
the upper valve body is internally provided with a control cavity C, a piston is arranged in the control cavity C, the piston divides the control cavity C into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper valve body is further provided with an automatic control port b, a control cavity exhaust port d and a manual control port C, the automatic control port b is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity C through a high-speed air inlet valve, the control cavity exhaust port d is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity C through a high-speed exhaust valve, a one-way valve is connected with the manual control port C, a relay valve is arranged in the lower valve body, an input port a and an output port e are respectively arranged on two sides of the relay valve, the lower cavity of the control cavity C is connected with a control end of the relay valve, the input port a and the automatic control port b.
According to the technical scheme, the check valve comprises a check valve seat, a check valve core and a second return spring, a manual control port C is formed in the top of the check valve seat and used for being connected with an air storage tank, a manual relay valve is connected between the manual control port C and the air storage tank, the lower end of the check valve seat is connected with the upper valve body, the check valve core is sleeved in the check valve seat, a through-flow hole h is formed in the check valve core, a fourth sealing ring is arranged between the top of the check valve core and the check valve seat, the second return spring is arranged at the lower end of the check valve core, the check valve core is jacked up through spring force, and gas can only flow into a control cavity C of the upper valve body through the manual control port C in a one-way mode.
According to the technical scheme, the control cavity C is connected with the pressure relief hole i, so that the vehicle can be guaranteed to be automatically braked after being braked under the condition of system power failure.
According to the technical scheme, the high-speed air inlet valve comprises a high-speed air inlet valve body, a high-speed air inlet valve core, a high-speed air inlet valve front end cover, a high-speed air inlet valve rear end cover, a first movable iron core, a first static iron core, a third return spring and a first coil, wherein the high-speed air inlet valve front end cover is arranged on the left side of the high-speed air inlet valve body, two cavities are arranged in the high-speed air inlet valve body, an air passage is connected between the two cavities, the high-speed air inlet valve core is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high-speed air inlet valve core and forms a valve with the left port of the air passage, the high-speed air inlet valve rear end cover is fixedly connected with the right end of the high-speed air inlet valve body, the first movable iron core is connected with the right end, the first static iron core is sleeved outside the third return spring, the first coil is annularly arranged on the outer side of the first static iron core, the high-speed air inlet valve core transversely moves along the air passage, the air passage is opened when the high-speed air inlet valve core moves to the leftmost end, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left end of the air passage when the high-speed air inlet valve core moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; the two chambers of the high-speed air inlet valve are respectively connected with the automatic control port b and the control cavity C.
According to the technical scheme, the high-speed exhaust valve comprises a high-speed exhaust valve body, a high-speed exhaust valve core, a high-speed exhaust valve front end cover, a high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover, a second movable iron core, a second static iron core, a fourth return spring and a second coil, wherein the high-speed exhaust valve front end cover is arranged on the left side of the high-speed exhaust valve body, two cavities are arranged in the high-speed exhaust valve body, an air passage is connected between the two cavities, the high-speed exhaust valve core is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high-speed exhaust valve core, the valve head and the left end of the air passage form a valve, the high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover is fixedly connected with the right end of the high-speed exhaust valve body, the second movable iron core is connected with the right end of the high-speed exhaust valve core, the second static iron core is sleeved outside the fourth return spring, the second coil is annularly arranged on the outer side of the second static iron core, the high-speed exhaust valve core transversely moves along the air passage, the air passage is opened when the high-speed exhaust valve core moves to the leftmost end, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left end of the air passage when the high-speed exhaust valve core moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; and two cavities of the high-speed exhaust valve are respectively connected with the control cavity C and the control cavity exhaust port d.
According to the technical scheme, the left end of the air passage is provided with the conical surface, the valve head is conical, and the conical surface is matched with the conical surface at the left end of the air passage to form the conical valve.
According to the technical scheme, a silencer is arranged in the exhaust port d of the control cavity.
According to the technical scheme, the relay valve comprises a main valve core, a first return spring and a spring seat, wherein the main valve core is sleeved in a through hole of a lower valve body, the upper end of the main valve core extends into a lower cavity of a control cavity C, the spring seat is arranged below the main valve core and is fixedly connected with the lower valve body, a boss is annularly arranged on the main valve core, an annular step is arranged at the upper end of the through hole and is arranged above the boss, the first return spring is sleeved on the main valve core, the upper end and the lower end of the first return spring are respectively connected with the boss and the spring seat, the main valve core jacks up and returns upwards through a first return spring force to enable the boss on the main valve core to be attached to the annular step on the through hole and to enable the through hole to be isolated from the lower cavity of the control cavity C, an exhaust port g is arranged on the spring seat, a central through hole, the lower end of the central through hole is communicated with the outside through an exhaust port g, the input port a is communicated with the through hole, and the output port e is communicated with the lower cavity of the control cavity C.
According to the technical scheme, the control cavity C is provided with a pressure relief hole i.
According to the technical scheme, the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electronic control air pressure braking system further comprises a controller, the output port e is connected with a pressure detection port f, the pressure detection port f is provided with a pressure sensor, and the controller is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve.
The control method of the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake system comprises the following steps:
(1) the electric control air pressure braking system provides a target braking pressure p of a certain braking air chamber according to the running condition of the vehicle1And will set the target brake pressure p1Inputting into a controller;
(2) the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to work, the relay valve is opened, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, and the automatic pressure regulating valve for vehicle electric control air brake enters an electric control loop working mode;
(3) the controller detects the output pressure p of the output port e through a pressure sensor arranged on the output port e2And will output a pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Comparing;
(4) when p is2Is not more than p1When the pressure is higher than the preset value, the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve to work and the high-speed exhaust valve to stop working, so that the output pressure p of the output port e is increased2(ii) is increased;
(5) when p is2Greater than p1When the high-speed exhaust valve is in work, the high-speed air inlet valve is out of work, so that the output port is openede output pressure p2Decrease;
(6) the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to act repeatedly to adjust the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake to output pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Are equal.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the brake is implemented by supplying air through the control cavity of the upper valve body through the one-way valve, the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve, the one-way valve is used as a manual control execution part, the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve are used as electric control execution parts, the control system controls the coupling action of the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to adjust the pressure of the control cavity, and further controls the pressure of the output port b of the proportional valve, so that the functions of pressure boosting, pressure maintaining and pressure reducing of the output port are realized, the pressure of an automobile brake air chamber is quickly and automatically adjusted, an air pressure transmission pipeline is shortened, the transmission delay of an air pressure brake system is reduced, when the electric control system breaks down, the braking capacity of the manual air pressure brake maintaining system.
2. The control system detects the output pressure in real time through a pressure sensor arranged at a pressure detection port, and compares the output pressure with a target pressure set in the control system to realize automatic regulation of the brake pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic pressure regulating valve for an electrically controlled pneumatic brake system of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an automatic pressure regulating valve for an electronically controlled pneumatic brake system for a vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
in the figure, 1-a relay valve, 2-a high-speed air inlet valve, 3-a one-way valve, 4-a high-speed exhaust valve, 5-a lower valve body, 6-a main valve core, 7-a first return spring, 8-a spring seat, 9-a rubber silencer, 10-a stop check ring, 11-a first sealing ring, 12-a second sealing ring, 13-a third sealing ring, 14-an upper valve body, 15-a one-way valve seat, 16-a fourth sealing ring, 17-a one-way valve core, 18-a second return spring, 19-a built-in silencer, 20-a piston, 21-a fifth sealing ring, 22-a sixth sealing ring, 23-a seventh sealing ring, 24-a high-speed air inlet valve front end cover, 25-a high-speed air inlet valve body, 26-a high-speed air inlet valve core, 27-a high-speed, 28-a first coil, 29-a first static iron core, 30-a first movable iron core, 31-a third return spring, 32-an eighth sealing ring, 33-a high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover, 34-a second coil, 35-a second static iron core, 36-a second movable iron core, 37-a fourth return spring, 38-a high-speed exhaust valve core, 39-a high-speed exhaust valve body, 40-a high-speed exhaust valve front end cover, an a-input port, a-an automatic control port, a c-a manual control port, a d-a control cavity exhaust port, an e-output port, an f-pressure detection port, a g-exhaust port, an h-through flow hole and an i-pressure relief hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an automatic pressure regulating valve for a vehicle electronic control air brake system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an upper valve body 14, a lower valve body 5, a high-speed intake valve 2, a high-speed exhaust valve 4, and a check valve 3, wherein the lower valve body 5 is connected to the bottom of the upper valve body 14, and the high-speed intake valve 2 and the high-speed exhaust valve 4 are respectively disposed at two sides of the upper valve body 14; two high-speed relay valves 1 are adopted to control the air inlet and the air outlet of the control cavity so as to adjust the control pressure and further automatically adjust the braking pressure;
the upper valve body 14 is internally provided with a control cavity C, the control cavity C is internally provided with a piston 20, the control cavity C is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the piston 20, the upper valve body 14 is further provided with an automatic control port b, a control cavity exhaust port d and a manual control port C, the automatic control port b is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity C through a high-speed air inlet valve 2, the control cavity exhaust port d is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity through a high-speed exhaust valve 4, a one-way valve 3 is connected with the manual control port C, the lower valve body 5 is internally provided with a relay valve 1, two sides of the relay valve 1 are respectively provided with an input port a and an output port e, the lower cavity of the control cavity is connected with a control end of the relay valve 1, the input port a and the automatic.
Further, the check valve 3 comprises a check valve seat 15, a check valve core 17 and a second return spring, a manual control port C is arranged at the top of the check valve seat 15 and used for being connected with an air storage tank, a manual relay valve is connected between the manual control port C and the air storage tank, the lower end of the check valve seat 15 is connected with the upper valve body 14, the check valve core 17 is sleeved in the check valve seat 15, a through hole h is formed in the check valve core 17, a fourth sealing ring is arranged between the top of the check valve core 17 and the check valve seat 15, the second return spring is arranged at the lower end of the check valve core 17, and the check valve core 17 is jacked up through spring force, so that gas can only flow into the control cavity C of the upper valve body 14 through the manual control port C in a one-way.
Furthermore, the one-way valve can prevent gas from flowing back from the control cavity C, and when the automatic pressure regulating valve fails in system power failure, the one-way valve can supply gas to the control cavity C in one way to implement braking, so that the braking capability of the system is maintained.
Furthermore, the control cavity C is connected with a pressure relief hole i, so that the vehicle can be ensured to be automatically braked after being braked under the condition of system power failure.
Further, the high-speed air intake valve 2 comprises a high-speed air intake valve body 25, a high-speed air intake valve core 26, a high-speed air intake valve front end cover 24, a high-speed air intake valve rear end cover 27, a first movable iron core 30, a first stationary iron core 29, a third return spring and a first coil 28, the high-speed air intake valve front end cover 24 is arranged on the left side of the high-speed air intake valve body 25, two chambers are arranged in the high-speed air intake valve body 25, an air passage is connected between the two chambers, the high-speed air intake valve core 26 is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high-speed air intake valve core 26, the valve head and the left end of the air passage form a valve, the high-speed air intake valve rear end cover 27 is fixedly connected with the right end of the high-speed air intake valve body 25, the first movable iron core 30 is, the first fixed iron core 29 is sleeved outside the third return spring, the first coil 28 is annularly arranged on the outer side of the first fixed iron core 29, the high-speed air inlet valve core 26 transversely moves along the air passage, the air passage is opened when the high-speed air inlet valve core 26 moves to the leftmost end, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left end of the air passage when the high-speed air inlet valve core 26 moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; the two chambers of the high-speed air inlet valve are respectively connected with the automatic control port b and the control cavity C.
Further, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 comprises a high-speed exhaust valve body 39, a high-speed exhaust valve core 38, a high-speed exhaust valve front end cover 40, a high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover 33, a second movable iron core 36, a second stationary iron core 35, a fourth return spring 37 and a second coil 34, the high-speed exhaust valve front end cover 40 is arranged on the left side of the high-speed exhaust valve body 39, two chambers are arranged in the high-speed exhaust valve body 39, an air passage is connected between the two chambers, the high-speed exhaust valve core 38 is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high-speed exhaust valve core 38 and forms a valve with the left end of the air passage, the high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover 33 is fixedly connected with the right end of the high-speed exhaust valve body 39, the second movable iron core 36 is connected with the right end of the high-speed exhaust valve core 38, the second fixed iron core 35 is sleeved outside the fourth return spring 37, the second coil 34 is annularly arranged on the outer side of the second fixed iron core 35, the high-speed exhaust valve core 38 transversely moves along the inside of the air passage, the air passage is opened when the high-speed exhaust valve core 38 moves to the leftmost end, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left end of the air passage when the high-speed exhaust valve core 38 moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; and two cavities of the high-speed exhaust valve are respectively connected with the control cavity C and the control cavity exhaust port d.
Furthermore, the air flue left end is equipped with the conical surface, and the valve head is the toper, forms the toper valve with the conical surface cooperation of air flue left end.
Furthermore, the high-speed air inlet valve and high-speed exhaust valve core 38 and the valve body form a conical valve with a half-cone angle of 45 degrees, when the coil is electrified, the conical valve is opened, and a front side channel and a rear side channel of the high-speed air inlet/exhaust valve are communicated; when the coil loses power, the conical valve is closed, and the front side channel and the rear side channel of the high-speed air inlet/outlet valve are separated.
Further, a built-in silencer 19 is arranged in the exhaust port d of the control cavity; the exhaust hole g is provided with a rubber silencer 9.
Further, the relay valve 1 includes a main valve element 6, a first return spring 7 and a spring seat 8, the main valve element 6 is vertically sleeved in a through hole of the lower valve body 5, the upper end of the main valve element 6 extends into a lower chamber of the control chamber C and is arranged below the piston 20, the spring seat 8 is arranged below the main valve element 6 and is fixedly connected with the lower valve body 5, a boss is annularly arranged on the main valve element 6, an annular step is arranged at the upper end of the through hole and is arranged above the boss, the first return spring 7 is sleeved on the main valve element 6, the upper end and the lower end of the first return spring 7 are respectively connected with the boss and the spring seat 8, the main valve element 6 is upwards jacked and returned by the force of the first return spring 7 under the condition of no external force interference, so that the boss on the main valve element 6 is attached to the annular step on the through hole and the through hole is isolated from the lower chamber of the, a central through hole is formed in the main valve element 6 and is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the central through hole is communicated with the lower cavity of the control cavity C, the lower end of the central through hole is communicated with the outside through an exhaust port g, an input port a is communicated with the through hole, an output port e is communicated with the lower cavity of the control cavity C, when the main valve element 6 is pressed down by the piston 20, the piston 20 is attached to the upper end of the main valve element 6, the central through hole of the main valve element 6 is isolated from the lower cavity of the control cavity C, and the spring seat 8 is fixedly connected with the lower valve body through a retaining.
Further, a pressure relief hole i is formed in the control cavity C; the pressure relief hole i communicates with the upper chamber of the control chamber C.
Further, the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electronic control air pressure braking system further comprises a controller, the output port e is connected with a pressure detection port f, the pressure detection port f is provided with a pressure sensor, and the controller is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve.
The control method of the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake system comprises the following steps:
(1) the electric control air pressure braking system provides a certain one according to the running condition of the vehicleTarget brake pressure p of brake chamber1And will set the target brake pressure p1Inputting into a controller;
(2) the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to work, the relay valve 1 is opened, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, and the automatic pressure regulating valve for vehicle electric control air brake enters an electric control loop working mode;
(3) the controller detects the output pressure p of the output port e through a pressure sensor arranged on the output port e2And will output a pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Comparing;
(4) when p is2Is not more than p1When the pressure is higher than the preset value, the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve to work and the high-speed exhaust valve to stop working, so that the output pressure p of the output port e is increased2(ii) is increased;
(5) when p is2Greater than p1When the pressure of the output port e is higher than the pressure of the high-speed exhaust valve, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve to work, and the high-speed intake valve to stop working, so that the output pressure p of the output port e is reduced2Decrease;
(6) the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to act repeatedly to adjust the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake to output pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Are equal.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an automatic pressure regulating valve for a vehicle electric control air pressure brake system comprises a relay valve 1, a high speed air inlet valve 2, a one-way valve 3 and a high speed exhaust valve 4, wherein the high speed air inlet valve 2, the one-way valve 3 and the high speed exhaust valve 4 are respectively arranged adjacent to the relay valve 1, an automatic control port b, a control cavity exhaust port d and a manual control port c are arranged on an upper valve body 14, an input port a and an output port e are arranged on a lower valve body 5, the relay valve 1 is internally provided with a piston 20 capable of moving longitudinally in the upper valve body 14, a main valve core 6, a first return spring 7, a spring seat 8 and a stop check ring 10 are arranged in the lower valve body 5, a fifth sealing ring 21 is arranged between the piston 20 and the upper valve body 14, a third sealing ring 13 is arranged between the piston 20 and the main valve core 6, a sixth sealing ring 22 is arranged between the, a first sealing ring 11 is arranged between the spring seat 8 and the lower valve body 13; a high-speed air inlet valve front end cover 24, a high-speed air inlet valve body 25, a high-speed air inlet valve core 26, a high-speed air inlet valve rear end cover 27, a first coil 28, a first static iron core 29, a first movable iron core 30 and a third return spring 31 are arranged in the high-speed air inlet valve 2, a high-speed air outlet valve front end cover 40, a high-speed air outlet valve body 39, a high-speed air outlet valve core 38, a second static iron core 35, a second movable iron core 36, a second coil 34, a fourth return spring 37 and a high-speed air outlet valve rear end cover 33 are arranged in the high-speed air outlet valve 4, a one-way valve 3 is arranged at a manual control port c, a one-way valve seat 15, a one-way valve core 17 and a second return spring 18 are arranged in the upper valve body 14 of the one-way valve 3, the one-way valve; a seventh sealing ring 23 and an eighth sealing ring 32 are respectively arranged between the high-speed air inlet valve 2 and the upper valve body 14, an automatic control port b is communicated with a front side channel of the high-speed air inlet valve 2, a rear side channel of the high-speed air inlet valve 2 is communicated with a control cavity C, the control cavity C is communicated with a front side channel of the high-speed air outlet valve 4, the rear side channel of the high-speed air outlet valve 4 is communicated with a control cavity exhaust port d, a built-in silencer 19 is arranged in the control cavity exhaust port d, the rear side channel of the one-way valve 3 is communicated with the control cavity C, an output port e and an input port a are arranged on the lower valve body 5, a pressure detection port f is additionally arranged on the lower valve body 5 and is communicated with the output port e, the pressure detection port f is connected with.
When the relay valve 1 is in an initial state, the high-speed air inlet valve 2 and the high-speed exhaust valve 4 are both in a closed state, the air pressure of the control cavity C is consistent with the atmospheric pressure, the piston 20 is in contact with the third sealing ring 13 under the action of self gravity to close the exhaust valve, the main valve element 6 closes the air inlet valve under the action of the first return spring 7, and the input port a and the output port e are both isolated from the exhaust port g; when air is supplied through the high-speed air inlet valve 2 or the one-way valve 3 and the high-speed exhaust valve 4 is closed, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased, the air inlet valve can be opened after the piston moves downwards to overcome the action force of the spring, at the moment, the exhaust valve is closed, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, and the output port e is separated from the exhaust port g; when the high-speed exhaust valve 4 exhausts and the high-speed intake valve 2 and the one-way valve 3 stop supplying air, the air pressure of the control cavity C is reduced, the piston 20 moves upwards to open the exhaust valve, meanwhile, the intake valve is closed, the input port a is separated from the output port e, and the output port e is communicated with the exhaust port g.
The valve core and the valve body of the high-speed air inlet valve 2 or the high-speed exhaust valve 4 form a conical valve with a half cone angle of 45 degrees, when the coil is electrified, the conical valve is opened, the front side channel of the high-speed air inlet/exhaust valve is communicated with the rear side channel, when the coil is not electrified, the conical valve is closed, and the front side channel of the high-speed air inlet/exhaust valve is separated from the rear side channel. The check valve core 17 is provided with a through hole h, when the check valve is opened, the manual control opening C is communicated with the control cavity C through the through hole h, and the feasible gas flowing direction of the check valve 3 is from the manual control opening C to the control cavity C.
When the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electronic control air pressure braking system is implemented, the automatic pressure regulating valve can meet the requirements of automatic driving and active safety pressure regulation respectively, and can quickly and accurately regulate the braking pressure of a braking air chamber through a given target pressure value. The automatic pressure regulating valve has different embodiments when the pressure regulating requirements of automatic driving and active safety are met.
The implementation mode of the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake system when the automatic driving pressure regulating requirement is met is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2 to 3, when the device is installed, the input port a and the automatic control port b are connected with the air storage tank, the manual control port c is connected with the air storage tank through the manual relay valve, and the output port e is connected with the diaphragm cavity of the brake chamber. In the initial state, the high-speed air inlet valve 2, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 and the manual relay valve are all in a closed state, and the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are also closed.
In the normal running process of the vehicle, if the road condition or the vehicle motion condition changes, the braking system calculates the target pressure value p of each brake air chamber through a whole vehicle dynamic model1And the target pressure value p of each brake chamber is calculated1Inputting a corresponding controller, controlling the high-speed air inlet valve 2 to work by the controller, communicating the automatic control port b with the control cavity C, increasing the air pressure of the control cavity C, pushing the piston 20 to move downwards under the action of the air pressure of the control cavity C, and pushing the piston 20 to move downwards and pushThe movable main valve core 6 moves downwards, the air inlet valve is opened in the downward movement process of the main valve core 6, at the moment, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, compressed air of the input port a reaches the output port e through the air inlet valve and finally enters a diaphragm cavity of the brake chamber, and the pressure of the brake chamber is increased. The pressure detection port f arranged at the output port e is connected with a pressure sensor, the pressure of output gas is collected in real time and fed back to the controller, and the output gas pressure p is output in the controller2And a target pressure value p1A comparison is made. When the output pressure p is detected2Reach the target pressure value p1When the pressure of the brake air chamber is kept stable, the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve 2 to stop working, and the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are closed at the moment; when the output pressure p is detected2Above target pressure value p1When the high-speed air inlet valve 2 is controlled by the controller to stop working, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 is enabled to work at the same time, compressed air in the control cavity C is exhausted through the control cavity exhaust port d, the air pressure is reduced, the pressure in the control cavity C is reduced to enable the piston 20 and the main valve element 6 to move upwards together, the air inlet valve is closed under the action of a return spring in the moving-up process, the piston 20 continuously moves upwards to be separated from contact with the second sealing ring 12 on the main valve element 6 to open the exhaust valve, the output port e is communicated with the exhaust port g, the compressed air in the output port e is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve, the brake2Is reduced to the target pressure value p1When the brake is started, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 4 to stop working, and meanwhile, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are closed, so that the pressure of the brake chamber is kept stable; when the output pressure p is detected2Lower than a target pressure value p1When the high-speed air inlet valve 2 works, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 quits working, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased, the air inlet valve is driven to be opened, the output pressure is increased, and the output pressure p is increased2Reach the target value p1When the pressure of the brake air chamber is kept stable, the high-speed air inlet valve 2 is stopped, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are closed. The above process is repeated to output the pressure p2Regulation and target pressure value p1And (5) the consistency is achieved.
When the vehicle needs emergency braking, the controller directly controls the high-speed air inlet valve 2 to work and the high-speed exhaust valve 4 to be in a closed state, compressed air enters the control cavity through the high-speed air inlet valve 2, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased to push the piston 20 to move downwards, the piston 20 moves downwards to push the main valve element 6 to move downwards to open the air inlet valve, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, and the brake chamber performs pressurization braking. After the braking process is finished, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 4 to work and the high-speed intake valve 2 to stop working, all the compressed gas in the control cavity C is exhausted, the exhaust valve is opened, all the compressed gas in the brake air chamber is exhausted through the exhaust valve, and therefore braking is relieved.
When the electric control system of the vehicle is powered off and manual air pressure braking is needed, a driver opens a manual relay valve connected to the front side of the one-way valve 3, compressed air in an air storage tank opens a valve of the one-way valve through a manual control port C and enters a control cavity C, air pressure of the control cavity C is increased, a piston 20 is pushed to move downwards, the piston 20 moves downwards and then pushes a main valve element 6 to move downwards to open an air inlet valve, an input port a is communicated with an output port e, and the brake chamber is pressurized and braked. After the vehicle is braked, the manual relay valve is closed, and compressed gas in the control cavity C can be discharged to the atmosphere through the pressure relief hole i, so that the brake is automatically released.
The implementation mode of the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air pressure braking system when the automatic pressure regulating valve meets the requirement of active safety pressure regulation is as follows:
as shown in figures 2-3, when the device is installed, an input port a and an automatic control port b are connected with an air storage tank, a manual control port c is connected with an output port of a brake master valve, and an output port e is connected with a diaphragm cavity of a brake air chamber. In the initial state, the high-speed air inlet valve 2, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 and the manual relay valve are all in a closed state, and the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are also closed.
In the normal braking process of the vehicle, the whole vehicle dynamic model of the braking system calculates the braking demand pressure p of the braking air chamber1When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the braking demand pressure p of the driver can be obtained according to the stroke of the brake pedal3Comparing the brake demand pressure p by the brake system1And p3. If p is1≤p3The control gas generated by the brake valve opens the one-way valve through the manual control port C and enters the control chamber C, and the air pressure of the control chamber C is increasedWhen the piston 20 is pushed to move downwards under the action of the air pressure of the control cavity C, the piston 20 moves downwards and pushes the main valve element 6 to move downwards, the air inlet valve is opened in the downward movement process of the main valve element 6, at the moment, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, the compressed air of the input port a reaches the output port e through the air inlet valve and finally enters the diaphragm cavity of the brake air chamber, and the pressure of the brake air chamber is increased. When the pressure of the output air chamber is too high, the piston 20 and the main valve core 6 are pushed to move upwards, the exhaust valve is opened, and the output pressure is reduced; when the output pressure is low, the piston 20 and the main valve core 6 are pushed to move downwards, the output pressure is increased, the process is repeated, and finally the output air pressure reaches a target value p3Whereby the output pressure p can be proportionally adjusted to the control air pressure3And (5) the consistency is achieved. When the brake pedal is released, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 4 to work, the gas in the control cavity C is exhausted through the high-speed exhaust valve 4, the brake is released, and the automatic pressure regulating valve is restored to the initial state. If p is1＞p3The controller will p1And as a target pressure value, at the moment, the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve 2 to work, control gas of a brake valve enters a control cavity C through the check valve 3, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased, the piston 20 is pushed to move downwards under the action of the air pressure of the control cavity C, the piston 20 moves downwards and pushes the main valve core 6 to move downwards, the air inlet valve is opened during the downward movement of the main valve core 6, at the moment, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, compressed gas at the input port a reaches the output port e through the air inlet valve and finally enters a diaphragm cavity of a brake chamber, and the pressure of the brake chamber is increased. The pressure detection port f arranged at the output port e is connected with a pressure sensor, the pressure of output gas is collected in real time and fed back to the controller, and the output gas pressure and a target pressure value p are detected in the controller1A comparison is made. When the output pressure p is detected2Above target pressure value p1When the high-speed air inlet valve 2 is controlled by the controller to stop working, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 is enabled to work at the same time, compressed air in the control cavity C is exhausted through the control cavity exhaust port d, the air pressure is reduced, the pressure of the control cavity C is reduced, the piston 20 and the main valve element 6 move upwards together, the air inlet valve is closed under the action of a return spring in the moving-up process, and the piston 20 continuously moves upwards and the second sealing ring 12 on the main valve element 6 are separated from contact with each otherThereby opening the exhaust valve, the output port e is communicated with the exhaust port g at the moment, the compressed gas at the output port e is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve, the brake pressure of the brake chamber is reduced, and when the output air pressure p is increased2Is reduced to the target pressure value p1When the brake is started, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 2 to stop working, and meanwhile, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are closed, so that the pressure of the brake chamber is kept stable; when the output pressure p is detected2Lower than a target pressure value p1When the high-speed air inlet valve 2 works, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 quits working, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased, the air inlet valve is driven to be opened, the output pressure is increased, and the output pressure p is increased2Reach the target value p1When the brake pressure is stable, the high-speed air inlet valve 2 stops working, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are closed, and the brake pressure is kept stable. The above process is repeated to output the pressure p2The regulation is in accordance with the target pressure value p 1. When the brake pedal is released, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 4 to work, and the gas in the control cavity C can be exhausted from the high-speed exhaust valve 4, so that the brake is released.
When the vehicle needs emergency braking, the brake pedal reaches the maximum stroke, the controller directly controls the high-speed air inlet valve 2 to work, the high-speed exhaust valve 4 is in a closed state, compressed air enters the control cavity C through the high-speed air inlet valve 2 and the one-way valve 3, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased to push the piston 20 to move downwards, the piston 20 moves downwards to push the main valve element 6 to move downwards to open the air inlet valve, the input port a is communicated with the output port e, and the brake chamber is used for pressurization braking. When the brake pedal is released, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve 2 to work, and the gas in the control cavity C can be exhausted from the high-speed exhaust valve 4, so that the brake is released.
When the electric control system of the vehicle is powered off and manual air pressure braking is needed, a driver steps on a brake pedal, control gas opens a one-way valve through a manual control port C and enters a control cavity, the air pressure of the control cavity C is increased to push a piston 20 to move downwards, the piston 20 moves downwards to push a main valve element 6 to move downwards to open an air inlet valve, an input port a is communicated with an output port e, and the brake chamber is pressurized and braked. After the vehicle is braked, the manual relay valve is closed, and compressed gas in the control cavity C can be discharged to the atmosphere through the pressure relief hole i, so that the brake is automatically released.
In conclusion, the pressure detection port is externally connected with the pressure sensor to detect the output pressure in real time, the controller judges the output pressure and the target pressure, so that the pressure of the control cavity is adjusted, the piston is driven to drive the main valve core to move, the air inlet and the air outlet channels are opened or closed, the pressurization, the pressure maintaining and the pressure reduction of the output port are realized, and the brake pressure can be automatically adjusted in real time; when the electric control system of the vehicle has power failure, the braking capability of the system can be maintained through manual air pressure braking, and the safety of the vehicle is guaranteed. The invention is oriented to the electric control pneumatic braking system, shortens the pneumatic transmission pipeline and reduces the transmission time delay of the pneumatic braking system; the invention adopts the high-speed switch valve to control the pressure of the control cavity, independently and automatically adjusts the pressure of the brake air chamber, and realizes real-time adjustment by adopting a feedback adjustment mode; according to the invention, even when the electric control system of the vehicle is in power failure, the vehicle can be safely braked through air control, and the air pressure transmission time delay is shortened; after the electric control system of the vehicle is powered off and braked, the brake can be automatically released; when the vehicle electric control system works normally, the driver does not need to intervene for pressure regulation, and when the vehicle electric control system is in power failure, the driver can complete safety braking only by simple operation.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and therefore, the present invention is not limited by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic pressure regulating valve for an electric control air brake system of a vehicle is characterized by comprising an upper valve body, a lower valve body, a high-speed air inlet valve, a high-speed exhaust valve and a one-way valve, wherein the lower valve body is connected with the bottom of the upper valve body;
the upper valve body is internally provided with a control cavity C, a piston is arranged in the control cavity C, the piston divides the control cavity C into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper valve body is further provided with an automatic control port b, a control cavity exhaust port d and a manual control port C, the automatic control port b is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity C through a high-speed air inlet valve, the control cavity exhaust port d is connected with the upper cavity of the control cavity C through a high-speed exhaust valve, a one-way valve is connected with the manual control port C, a relay valve is arranged in the lower valve body, an input port a and an output port e are respectively arranged on two sides of the relay valve, the lower cavity of the control cavity C is connected with a control end of the relay valve, the input port a and the automatic control port b.
2. The automatic pressure regulating valve for the electric control air brake system of the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the check valve includes a check valve seat, a check valve spool and a second return spring, the check valve seat is provided with a manual control port C at the top thereof for connecting with an air storage tank, a manual relay valve is connected between the manual control port C and the air storage tank, the lower end of the check valve seat is connected with the upper valve body, the check valve spool is sleeved in the check valve seat, the check valve spool is provided with a through hole h, a fourth sealing ring is provided between the top of the check valve spool and the check valve seat, and the second return spring is provided at the lower end of the check valve spool for jacking up the check valve spool by spring force so that air can only flow into the control cavity C of the upper valve body in one way through the manual control port C.
3. The automatic pressure regulating valve for an electronically controlled pneumatic vehicle brake system as recited in claim 1, wherein the control chamber C is connected to a pressure relief port i.
4. The automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air pressure brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the high speed air inlet valve comprises a high speed air inlet valve body, a high speed air inlet valve core, a high speed air inlet valve front end cover, a high speed air inlet valve rear end cover, a first movable iron core, a first stationary iron core, a third return spring and a first coil, the high speed air inlet valve front end cover is arranged at the left side of the high speed air inlet valve body, two chambers are arranged in the high speed air inlet valve body, an air passage is connected between the two chambers, the high speed air inlet valve core is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high speed air inlet valve core, the valve head forms a valve with the left end of the air passage, the high speed air inlet valve rear end cover is fixedly connected with the right end of the high speed air inlet, the high-speed air inlet valve core moves to the leftmost end, the air passage is opened, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left port of the air passage when the high-speed air inlet valve core moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; the two chambers of the high-speed air inlet valve are respectively connected with the automatic control port b and the control cavity C.
5. The automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air pressure brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-speed exhaust valve comprises a high-speed exhaust valve body, a high-speed exhaust valve spool, a high-speed exhaust valve front end cover, a high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover, a second movable iron core, a second stationary iron core, a fourth return spring and a second coil, the high-speed exhaust valve front end cover is arranged at the left side of the high-speed exhaust valve body, two chambers are arranged in the high-speed exhaust valve body, an air passage is connected between the two chambers, the high-speed exhaust valve spool is arranged in the air passage, a valve head is arranged at the left end of the high-speed exhaust valve spool, the valve head and the left end of the air passage form a valve, the high-speed exhaust valve rear end cover is fixedly connected with the right end of the high-speed, the high-speed exhaust valve core moves to the leftmost end, the air passage is opened, the two chambers are communicated, the valve head is attached to the left end of the air passage when the high-speed exhaust valve core moves to the rightmost end, the air passage is sealed, and the two chambers are isolated; and two cavities of the high-speed exhaust valve are respectively connected with the control cavity C and the control cavity exhaust port d.
6. The automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air pressure brake system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the left end of the air passage is provided with a conical surface, the valve head is conical, and the conical surface at the left end of the air passage are matched to form a conical valve.
7. The automatic pressure regulating valve for an electronically controlled pneumatic vehicle brake system as recited in claim 1, wherein a muffler is provided in the exhaust port d of the control chamber.
8. The automatic pressure regulating valve for an electric controlled pneumatic brake system of vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relay valve includes a main valve body, a first return spring and a spring seat, the main valve body is disposed in a through hole of the lower valve body, the upper end of the main valve body extends into the lower chamber of the control chamber C, the spring seat is disposed below the main valve body and is connected to the lower valve body, a boss is disposed on the main valve body in a ring shape, an annular step is disposed on the upper end of the through hole and disposed above the boss, the first return spring is disposed on the main valve body, the upper and lower ends of the first return spring are connected to the boss and the spring seat respectively, the main valve body is lifted and returned upward by a first return spring force to make the boss on the main valve body fit with the annular step on the through hole and to make the through hole isolated from the lower chamber of the control chamber C, the spring, the upper end of the central through hole is communicated with the lower cavity of the control cavity C, the lower end of the central through hole is communicated with the outside through the exhaust port g, the input port a is communicated with the through hole, and the output port e is communicated with the lower cavity of the control cavity C.
9. The automatic pressure regulating valve for the electric control pneumatic brake system of the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein the output port e is connected to a pressure detecting port f, the pressure detecting port f is provided with a pressure sensor, and the controller is connected to the pressure sensor, the high speed air inlet valve and the high speed air outlet valve respectively.
10. A control method of an automatic pressure regulating valve for an electrically controlled pneumatic brake system of a vehicle according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) setting target brake pressure p1；
(2) The controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to work, the relay valve is opened, and the input port a is communicated with the output port e;
(3) the controller detects the output pressure p of the output port e through a pressure sensor arranged on the output port e2And will output a pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Comparing;
(4) when p is2Is not more than p1When the pressure is higher than the preset value, the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve to work and the high-speed exhaust valve to stop working, so that the output pressure p of the output port e is increased2(ii) is increased;
(5) when p is2Greater than p1When the pressure of the output port e is higher than the pressure of the high-speed exhaust valve, the controller controls the high-speed exhaust valve to work, and the high-speed intake valve to stop working, so that the output pressure p of the output port e is reduced2Decrease;
(6) the controller controls the high-speed air inlet valve and the high-speed exhaust valve to act repeatedly to adjust the automatic pressure regulating valve for the vehicle electric control air brake to output pressure p2With target brake pressure p1Are equal.
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| CN111766060B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for automatic pressure regulating valve of electric control air brake system |
| CN113353476B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-04-15 | 中车太原机车车辆有限公司 | Air supplement and exhaust device and container suitable for powder tank container |
| CN113460015B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-12-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Automatic pressure regulating valve of commercial vehicle electric control air brake system and control method |
| CN113479180A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Automatic pressure regulating valve suitable for multi-level driving automation of commercial vehicle and control method |
| CN113844421A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-12-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Pneumatic automatic pressure regulating valve suitable for automatic driving of commercial vehicle and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE3928388A1 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-03-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Relay valve for compressed air braking system - make use of recoil valves as short circuit connections |
| CN2592460Y (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2003-12-17 | 淄博龙达汽车配件制造有限公司 | Advance relay |
| CN204110020U (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-01-21 | 王松元 | Differential type relay valve |
| CN205131230U (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-04-06 | 李勇 | Brake relay valve |
| CN205661437U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 屠伟飞 | Four bridge relay valves |
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