CN109732496A

CN109732496A - Iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel and preparation method thereof for railway track reconditioning

Info

Publication number: CN109732496A
Application number: CN201910076954.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋小松; 孙大明; 杨刘; 谌金梅; 邵甄胰; 朱德贵; 朱旻昊
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2019-01-27
Filing date: 2019-01-27
Publication date: 2019-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-27
Also published as: CN109732496B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheels and preparation method thereof for railway track reconditioning, wherein, grinding wheel includes the following component configured by weight percentage: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron-binding agent 20~45%, yellow iron powder 1~5%, ice crystal powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium powder end 0.1~2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, the carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, the graphene 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, tungsten-carbide powder 1~5%；In grinding wheel provided by the present invention, abrasive material and filler interact, and can play the role of reinforcement between each component, intensity, the rigidity of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel can be significantly improved, the wearability for improving grinding wheel, increases the grinding performance of grinding wheel, and can reduce the density of grinding wheel.

Description

Iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel and preparation method thereof for railway track reconditioning

Technical field

The present invention relates to grinding wheel manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of iron-binding agent zirconium for railway track reconditioning Corundum wheel and preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Grinding wheel is most important one kind grinding tool in grinding；Grinding wheel is that bonding agent is added in abrasive material, through green compact, drying With roasting and manufactured porous body；Since abrasive material, bonding agent and manufacturing process are different, the characteristic difference of grinding wheel is very big, therefore right Processing quality, productivity and the economy of grinding have an important influence.

The purpose of reconditioning is to grind off the surface defect of steel ingot and steel billet, such as decarburized layer, oxide skin, folding and crackle, with Defect expands and wastes material when avoiding continuing to roll or forging；Especially for railway track, with China railways locomotive speed The raising of degree proposes higher technical requirements to railway track, newly laid railway track is needed to carry out preventative Reconditioning processing, must carry out reconditioning for the railway track used online, to eliminate defect and mill intrinsic in railway track Damage, the irregularity of the irregularity of rail surface and rail welding head and fatigue rupture layer of rail etc., can extend making for rail With 0.5~1 times of the service life.

Bonding agent is the material for bonding abrasive grain and various grinding wheels being made；Bonding agent type and its property, decide grinding wheel Intensity, hardness, heat-resisting and corrosion resistance etc.；In addition, bonding agent also has centainly the surface roughness and grinding temperature of grinding Influence, bonding agent mainly according to the performance of its own depending on.Grinding wheel majority makes of resin based anchoring agent on the market at present, by It is weaker in holding power of the resin based anchoring agent to abrasive material, and the grinding temperature of resin based anchoring agent grinding wheel cannot be excessively high；For gram These problems are taken, have developed some metal bonds both at home and abroad, to improve the holding power, self-sharpening of abrasive material in grinding wheel and to cut Precision is cut, so that wheel life improves 15~20%, and the thermal damage to abrasive material can be reduced；For example, China is specially Sharp 104907941 A of CN discloses a kind of silicon nitride ceramic ball and slightly grinds dedicated major diameter skive and production method, the sand Wheel includes substrate and abrasive body, and there is mounting hole in centre, and substrate is cast iron plate, and abrasive body is diamond and metal powder, through high temperature Heating is compressed in substrate, and the two is closely linked, the diamond lap body porosity 5% hereinafter, diameter 800~ 1000mm, the radial 200~240MM of abrasive body ring end working face, surfacing, distortion free are used for silicon nitride ceramics bearing Ball slightly grinds process.Metal powder total volume accounts for the 50%~81.25% of abrasive body volume, by various metals powder constituent, packet Include cobalt powder, tungsten powder, iron powder, glass putty, nickel powder, bronze powder, copper powder, titanium valve and zinc powder, there are also dispersing agents and wet in metal powder Agent, the major diameter skive improve 6 times of grinding efficiency than current external product, and pollution-free when use.For another example, in 203696790 U of state patent CN discloses a kind of for grinding the ceramic bond diamond of ferrous based powder metallurgical double flat surface parts Mill relates generally to end grinding wheel technology, and mill ontology is made of metallic matrix and abrasive material, and abrasive material is bonded in metallic matrix The upper surface of, abrasive material is uniformly distributed and is constituted around the center of grinding wheel by multiple abrading blocks, and mill ontology is hollow discoid；The stone Mill, long service life, it is at low cost, can greatly improve workable efficiency, meet the depth of parallelism, flatness and roughness technology and want It asks, economic benefit can be improved.

However, in the prior art, common metal bond grinding wheel, there is typically further some problems, for example, abrasive material with The combination of metal bond is poor, in particular for the metal bond grinding wheel of reconditioning railway track, intensity, rigidity with And wearability need to be improved, grinding performance is poor.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to improve the deficiency in the presence of the prior art, strong binding ability, intensity and rigidity are provided High, wearability and the good iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel and preparation method thereof of grindability.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel for railway track reconditioning, it is as follows including what is configured by weight percentage Component: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron-binding agent 20~45%, yellow iron powder 1~5%, ice crystal Stone powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium powder end 0.1~ 2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, the carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing graphite Alkene 0.1~0.5%, tungsten-carbide powder 1~5%.

Preferably, the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer is obtained using the method for chemical nickel plating；Using rutin water Solution processing graphene obtains the graphene of the surface-modified processing；It is obtained using gallic acid aqueous solution processing carbon nanotube Obtain the carbon nanotube of the surface-modified processing.

A kind of preferred scheme, the weight percent of each component are as follows: the fused alumina zirconia particle 41 of coating surface nickel layer~ 52%, iron-binding agent 30~42%, yellow iron powder 2~3.5%, ice crystal powder 2~3.5%, pore creating material powder 2.5~ 3.8%, calcium carbonate powder 1.4~2.5%, lanthanum powder 0.3~0.8%, chromium powder end 0.8~1.4%, powdered graphite 0.3~ 0.8%, the carbon nanotube 0.2~0.4% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing graphene 0.1~0.3%, carbon Change tungsten powder 2~3.5%.

Further, the weight percent of each component are as follows: fused alumina zirconia particle 45%, the iron-based knot of coating surface nickel layer Mixture 40%, yellow iron powder 2.5%, ice crystal powder 2.5%, pore creating material powder 3%, calcium carbonate powder 2%, lanthanum powder 0.5%, chromium powder end 1%, powdered graphite 0.5%, the carbon nanotube 0.4% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing Graphene 0.1%, tungsten-carbide powder 2.5%.

Preferably, the iron-binding agent includes following component by weight percentage: iron powder 70~80%, cobalt dust 5 ~15%, copper powders 5~15%, tin powder 1~5%.

Further, the iron-binding agent includes following component by weight percentage: iron powder 73~78%, cobalt dust 8~12%, copper powders 8~12%, tin powder 2~4%.

Further, the iron-binding agent includes following component by weight percentage: iron powder 75%, cobalt dust 10%, copper powders 10%, tin powder 5%.

A kind of preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel, including

Fused alumina zirconia particle is handled using the method for chemical nickel plating, obtains the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer；

Graphene is handled using rutin aqueous solution, obtains the graphene of surface-modified processing；

Carbon nanotube is handled using gallic acid aqueous solution, obtains the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing；

By the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer, the graphene of the surface-modified processing and described through surface The carbon nanotube and iron powder of modification, cobalt dust, copper powders, tin powder, yellow iron powder powder, ice crystal powder, titantium hydride Powder, calcium carbonate powder, lanthanum powder, chromium powder end, powdered graphite, tungsten-carbide powder carry out ball mill mixing, obtain composite powder；

The composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering molding, obtains iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel.

Preferably, in the composite powder each component weight percent are as follows: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30 of coating surface nickel layer ~70%, iron powder 70~80%, cobalt dust 5~15%, copper powders 5~15%, tin powder 1~5%, yellow iron powder 1~ 5%, ice crystal powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium Powder 0.1~2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, the carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified place Graphene 0.1~0.5%, the tungsten-carbide powder 1~5% of reason.

Preferably, the method for preparing the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer is；

Be sensitized firstly, fused alumina zirconia particle is put into sensitizing solution, sensitization after the completion of be successively cleaned by ultrasonic, stand and Filtering, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo；

Then, the fused alumina zirconia particle after drying is put into activating solution and is activated, it is clear that ultrasound is successively carried out after the completion of activation It washes, stand and filters, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo；

Finally, the fused alumina zirconia particle after drying is put into chemical plating fluid, and the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid are adjusted, it is right Fused alumina zirconia particle nickel plating, is successively cleaned by ultrasonic after nickel plating, is stood and is filtered, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo, and is obtained The fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer.

Preferably, the ingredient of the sensitizing solution are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:25~45g/L, HCl:15~65g/L, sensitization time For 15~55min；

The ingredient of the activating solution are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.05~1.5g/L, activation time are 15~55min；

The ingredient of the chemical plating fluid are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:15~55g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:15~55g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:15~55g/L, NH₄Cl:25~95g/L, electroless plating time are 15~55min.

Further, the ingredient of the sensitizing solution are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:25~35g/L, HCl:25~55g/L, when sensitization Between be 24~36min；The ingredient of the activating solution are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.2~0.7g/L, activation time are 24~36min；Describedization Learn the ingredient of plating solution are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:20~40g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:18~36g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:18~ 36g/L, NH₄Cl:51~58g/L, electroless plating time are 24~36min.

In further scheme, the ingredient of the sensitizing solution are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:31.2g/L, HCl:40/L, sensitization Time is 30min；The ingredient of the activating solution are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.4425g/L, activation time 30min；The chemical plating fluid Ingredient are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:26.3g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:21.2g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:23.52g/L, NH₄Cl: 53.5g/L, electroless plating time 30min.

Preferably, the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 20~60min, and the vacuum drying temperature is 50 DEG C~90 DEG C, The vacuum drying time is 5~15min.

Preferably, the pH of the chemical plating fluid is 4~6, and the temperature of chemical plating fluid is 50~80 DEG C.

Preferably, the method for preparing the graphene of the surface-modified processing is；Plasma is carried out to graphene first Body processing, then by treated, graphene is added in rutin aqueous solution, and carries out mechanical stirring, finally successively carries out ultrasound Decentralized processing, standing and filtering, take filter residue to be dried in vacuo, and obtain the graphene of surface-modified processing.

Preferably, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube of the surface-modified processing is；First carbon nanotube is added to not In infanticide aqueous acid, and carry out mechanical stirring, then successively carry out ultrasonic disperse processing, standing and filtering, take filter residue into Row vacuum drying, obtains the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing.

Preferably, the time of the ultrasonic disperse is 15~65min；The time of the standing is 12~48h；The vacuum Dry temperature is 45 DEG C~95 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time is 12~36h.

Further, the time of the ultrasonic disperse is 20~40min；The time of the standing is 20~30h；It is described true The dry temperature of sky is 74 DEG C~86 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time is 20~30h.

In further scheme, the time of the ultrasonic disperse is 30min；The time of the standing is for 24 hours；It is described true The dry temperature of sky is 80 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time is for 24 hours.

Preferably, the rutin aqueous solution is prepared by deionized water, and in rutin aqueous solution rutin concentration be 0.001~ 18μg/mL。

Further, the concentration of rutin is 0.02~0.2 μ g/mL in the rutin aqueous solution.

Further, the concentration of rutin is 0.02 μ g/mL in the rutin aqueous solution.

Preferably, the gallic acid aqueous solution is prepared by deionized water, and gallic acid in gallic acid aqueous solution Concentration is 3~18 μ g/ml.

Further, the concentration of gallic acid is 5~15 μ g/ml in the gallic acid aqueous solution.

Further, the concentration of gallic acid is 10 μ g/ml in the gallic acid aqueous solution.

Preferably, when handling graphene using rutin aqueous solution, the quality of graphene and the ratio between the volume of rutin aqueous solution For 0.05~0.5g:15~65mL.

Further, the ratio between volume of the quality of the graphene and the rutin aqueous solution for 0.05~0.2g:35~ 55mL。

Further, the ratio between the quality of the graphene and the volume of rutin aqueous solution are 0.1g:40mL.

Preferably, when handling carbon nanotube using gallic acid aqueous solution, the quality and gallic acid of carbon nanotube are water-soluble The volume ratio of liquid is 0.05~0.5g:15~65ml.

Further, the ratio between volume of the quality of the carbon nanotube and the gallic acid aqueous solution for 0.05~ 0.2g:35~55ml.

In further scheme, the quality of the carbon nanotube and the ratio between the volume of the gallic acid aqueous solution are 0.1g:40mL。

Preferably, the ball milling uses agate ball and agate spherical tank, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 100~400 turns/min, Ball-milling Time For 35~160min.

Further, rotational speed of ball-mill is 170~240 turns/min, and Ball-milling Time is 60~150min.

In further scheme, rotational speed of ball-mill is 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min.

Preferably, medium used by ball milling is the tert-butyl alcohol, and after completion ball milling, removes method used by ball-milling medium For freeze-drying.

Preferably, the pressure of the vacuum heating-press sintering are as follows: first 0.5~2h of precompressed, preload pressure are 0.5~1.5T, then 5~15MPa is boosted to the speed of 0.05~0.15T/min, the dwell time is 15~30min, the vacuum heating-press sintering Temperature are as follows: be first warming up to 550~700 DEG C with 10~30 DEG C/min, then be warming up to 750~950 DEG C with 5~15 DEG C/min, finally 850~1100 DEG C are warming up to the speed of 1~10 DEG C/min, soaking time is 1~3h.

Further, the pressure of the vacuum heating-press sintering are as follows: first 0.8~1.5h of precompressed, preload pressure be 0.8~ 1.3T, then 10~14MPa is boosted to the speed of 0.08~0.13T/min, the dwell time is 18~24min；The Vacuum Heat Press the temperature of sintering are as follows: be first warming up to 580~640 DEG C with 15~25 DEG C/min, then be warming up to 850~910 with 8~13 DEG C/min DEG C, 960~1050 DEG C finally are warming up to the speed of 3~6 DEG C/min, 1.5~2.5h of soaking time.

In further scheme, the pressure of the vacuum heating-press sintering are as follows: first precompressed 1h, preload pressure 1T, then with The speed of 0.1T/min boosts to 12MPa, dwell time 20min；The temperature of the vacuum heating-press sintering are as follows: first with 20 DEG C/ Min is warming up to 600 DEG C, then is warming up to 900 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, is finally warming up to 1000 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, when heat preservation Between 2h.

Compared with prior art, using a kind of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia for railway track reconditioning provided by the invention Grinding wheel and preparation method thereof has the advantages that

1, in the present invention, surface modification treatment is carried out to fused alumina zirconia particle using the method for chemical nickel plating, obtains surface plating The fused alumina zirconia particle for covering nickel layer, compared with the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel, fused alumina zirconia particle and body matrix Combination degree is remarkably reinforced, and nickel plating can be reduced with rear surface, and the binding ability between iron matrix increases, bond strength enhancing； When by external force, good combination interface can more effectively play the role of load transfer, drop stress concentration, reduce The generation of crackle and hole；Meanwhile the graphene and carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing have extraordinary mechanical property, graphite Form preferable interface cohesion between alkene and carbon nanotube and iron matrix, when extraneous loading force, stress can be transferred to by interface Graphene and carbon nanotube, so that it is more superior to be conducive to performance, are exclusively used in railway track to have the function that enhance body The iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel of reconditioning.

2, iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel provided by the present invention, by fused alumina zirconia particle, the iron powder of coating surface nickel layer End, cobalt dust, copper powders, tin powder, yellow iron powder powder, ice crystal powder, titanium hydride powders, calcium carbonate powder, lanthanum powder, chromium Powder, powdered graphite, the graphene of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing carbon nanotube and tungsten-carbide powder group At；Surface modification treatment will not cause chemical damage to graphene and carbon nanotube, maintain the complete of graphene and carbon nanotube Whole property；By the content of reasonable disposition each component, make abrasive material and filler collective effect, so as to effectively enhance the intensity of grinding wheel And rigidity, the abrasion loss of grinding wheel can be effectively reduced while improving abrasion loss.

3, in the present invention, nickel layer is uniformly combined in fused alumina zirconia particle surface, and impurity content is low, the profit between iron matrix The moist improvement that may be significantly.

4, in the present invention, abrasive material and filler interact, and play the role of reinforcement between each component, can significantly improve iron Intensity, the rigidity of road rail reconditioning special-purpose iron-base bonding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel, improve the wearability of grinding wheel, increase the grinding of grinding wheel Performance, and the density of grinding wheel can be reduced.

5, in preparation method provided by the present invention, using the technique of Thermocompressed sintering and forming, be conducive to each group at high temperature Divide and be uniformly mixed, it is rigid that structure even compact, the iron-binding agent zirconium of structure stable homogeneous are obtained under the interaction of each component Beautiful grinding wheel.

6, preparation method provided by the present invention can not only obtain rigid for the iron-binding agent zirconium of railway track reconditioning Beautiful grinding wheel moreover, raw material is easy to get, simple process, easy to produce, and will not generate exhaust gas, waste residue, very at production process Environmental protection.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is in control experiment 6, using the SEM of the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer prepared by chemically coated nickel method Figure.

Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph and energy spectrum diagram of fused alumina zirconia particle after chemical nickel plating, wherein the upper left corner in control experiment 6 For scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph, the lower left corner is a little power spectrum result table at 1,2,3, and right side is a little energy spectrum diagram at 1,2,3.

Fig. 3 is in control experiment 5, and the SEM in rod iron surface abrasion face schemes.

Fig. 4 is in control experiment 6, and the SEM in rod iron surface abrasion face schemes.

In Fig. 5, (a) is the rod iron surface topography scanning figure in control experiment 5, is (b) the rod iron surface in control experiment 6 Topography scan figure, lower section table are the power spectrum result table at point 1-6.

In Fig. 6, (a) is the simulation drawing of wheel face roughness prepared in control experiment 5, (b) in control experiment 6 The simulation drawing of prepared wheel face roughness, wherein Ra represents surface roughness.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Usually exist The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in attached drawing can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations herein.Cause This, is not intended to limit claimed invention to the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below Range, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not doing Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Referring to Fig. 1, providing a kind of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia for railway track reconditioning in the present embodiment Grinding wheel, including the following component configured by weight percentage: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron-based combination Agent 20~45%, yellow iron powder 1~5%, ice crystal powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~ 3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium powder end 0.1~2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, surface-modified processing carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5%, the graphene 0.1~0.5%, tungsten-carbide powder 1~5% of surface-modified processing.

Fused alumina zirconia is formed in electric arc furnaces through 2000 DEG C or more pyrolytic semltings using aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide as raw material, matter Ground is tough and tensile, compact structure, and intensity is high, and thermal shock resistance is good；Fused alumina zirconia is according to ZrO₂Content, be generally divided into low fused alumina zirconia, middle zirconium is rigid Beautiful and high fused alumina zirconia；Fused alumina zirconia can manufacture high performance heavy duty grinding wheel as a kind of advanced abrasive material, to steel part, ironcasting, resistance to Hot steel and various alloy materials have good ablation.In addition, fused alumina zirconia or a kind of advanced refractory raw material, are that production is high The slide gate nozzle of performance and the ideal material of submersed nozzle, it may also be used for production glass melter zircon corundum brick, therefore in sand Fused alumina zirconia abrasive material is added in wheel can reduce the excessively hot of grinding wheel, prevent wheel face from generating oxide layer because of grinding heat；But It is that, as ceramic phase, fused alumina zirconia and metal_based material interface wettability are poor, surface is not easy to metal_based material combination, in turn Cause the uneven of wheel content；Therefore, using fused alumina zirconia abrasive material, it is necessary to be surface-treated to it；It is found through investigation, zirconium is rigid Stronger with iron matrix binding ability after beautiful plating nickel on surface, there is very strong ability to function at interface between the two, and wettability obtains greatly Amplitude improves.

Graphite, graphene, carbon nanotube have good lubricity, are common solid lubricants, as enhancing It is added in the composite material for constituting grinding wheel, the self-lubrication of composite material can be significantly improved, greatly improve composite material Friction and wear behavior；Ice crystal fusing point is lower, can reduce grinding heat, enhances self-sharpening, prevents wheel topography, and it is strong to improve grinding wheel Degree, so as to effectively solve the problems, such as to be easy blocking fever existing for existing metallic bond；Grinding can be improved in yellow iron powder Effect；The strong carbides additive such as calcium carbonate, chromium, tungsten carbide, lanthanum can also improve material while improving material hardness Rigidity.

In the preferred embodiment provided by the present embodiment, the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer preferentially uses chemistry The method of nickel plating obtains；Furthermore, it is possible to obtain the graphite of the surface-modified processing using rutin aqueous solution processing graphene Alkene；The carbon nanotube of the surface-modified processing is obtained using gallic acid aqueous solution processing carbon nanotube.

Therefore in the grinding wheel provided by the present embodiment, the performance of each component can produce the effect of total enhancing, and fused alumina zirconia Preferable interface cohesion can be formed between grain and iron matrix, reinforcing effect significantly improves, and is remarkably improved the intensity of grinding wheel And service life；When grinding wheel is by external force, good combination interface can more effectively play the role of load transfer, drop Stress concentration reduces the generation of defect.Wherein, iron-binding agent is that iron powder, cobalt powder, copper powder and glass putty mix according to a certain percentage Made of conjunction, the bonding streng to fused alumina zirconia particle can be significantly improved；The graphene and carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing Preferable interface cohesion, extraneous loading force are formed with extraordinary mechanical property, between graphene and carbon nanotube and iron matrix When, stress can be transferred to graphene and carbon nanotube by interface, to have the function that enhance body；Yellow iron powder, tungsten carbide, Calcium carbonate, chromium powder end can make the abrasion resisting ability of grinding wheel become strong, significantly improve the service life of grinding wheel as filler；It makes The addition of hole agent makes grinding wheel have sufficiently large appearance bits, chip space, reduces the embedded type blocking of grinding wheel；Ice crystal can be improved The bonding force of bonding agent interacts with iron-binding agent, grinding skin temperature and degree of oxidation is effectively reduced.

By test of many times, in further preferred embodiment, the weight percent for constituting each component of grinding wheel can With are as follows: the fused alumina zirconia particle 41~52% of coating surface nickel layer, iron-binding agent 30~42%, yellow iron powder 2~3.5%, ice Spinel powders 2~3.5%, pore creating material powder 2.5~3.8%, calcium carbonate powder 1.4~2.5%, lanthanum powder 0.3~0.8%, Chromium powder end 0.8~1.4%, powdered graphite 0.3~0.8%, the carbon nanotube 0.2~0.4% of surface-modified processing, through surface Graphene 0.1~0.3%, the tungsten-carbide powder 2~3.5% of modification.

As an example, in the present embodiment, the weight percent of each component are as follows: the fused alumina zirconia of coating surface nickel layer Grain 45%, iron-binding agent 40%, yellow iron powder 2.5%, ice crystal powder 2.5%, pore creating material powder 3%, calcium carbonate powder 2%, lanthanum powder 0.5%, chromium powder end 1%, powdered graphite 0.5%, the carbon nanotube 0.4% of surface-modified processing, through surface Graphene 0.1%, the tungsten-carbide powder 2.5% of modification；At this point, the performance of grinding wheel various aspects is preferable.

It is found by test of many times, in the iron-binding agent, each component is as follows by weight percentage: iron powder 70~ 80%, cobalt dust 5~15%, copper powders 5~15%, tin powder 1~5%.

During reality is at production, the weight percent of each ingredient can be in iron-binding agent are as follows: iron powder 73~78%, Cobalt dust 8~12%, copper powders 8~12%, tin powder 2~4%.As an example, the preferred embodiment provided by the present embodiment In, the weight percent of each component can be preferentially arranged in iron-binding agent are as follows: iron powder 75%, cobalt dust 10%, copper powders 10%, tin powder 5%.

Embodiment 2

A kind of preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel is present embodiments provided, including

The composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering molding, to obtain iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel.

Method provided by the present invention can not only obtain the iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia sand for railway track reconditioning Wheel moreover, raw material is easy to get, simple process, easy to produce, and will not generate exhaust gas, waste residue, unusual ring at production process It protects；In addition, this method uses thermal pressed sintering molding process, is conducive to each component at high temperature and is uniformly mixed, in the phase of each component The iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel of structure even compact, structure stable homogeneous is obtained under interaction.

In the present embodiment, in the composite powder, the content of each component can obtain in embodiment 1, that is, described multiple The weight percent for closing each component in powder can be with are as follows: and the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron powder 70~ 80%, cobalt dust 5~15%, copper powders 5~15%, tin powder 1~5%, yellow iron powder 1~5%, ice crystal powder 1~ 5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium powder end 0.1~2%, graphite Powder 0.1~1%, the carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing graphene 0.1~ 0.5%, tungsten-carbide powder 1~5%.

In the preferred embodiment provided by the present embodiment, the method for preparing the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer can Think；

It is found by realizing, the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer and the fused alumina zirconia particle phase without coating surface nickel layer Than fused alumina zirconia particle and the matrix combination degree of coating surface nickel layer are remarkably reinforced, and nickel plating can be reduced with rear surface, with iron matrix Between binding ability increase, bond strength enhancing；When by external force, good combination interface can be played more effectively Stress concentration drops in the effect of load transfer, reduces the generation of crackle and hole.

In the preferred scheme, the ingredient of the sensitizing solution can be with are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:25~45g/L, HCl:15~ 65g/L, sensitization time can be 15~55min；The ingredient of activating solution can be with are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.05~1.5g/L, activation time It can be 15~55min；The ingredient of chemical plating fluid can be with are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:15~55g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:15~ 55g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:15~55g/L, NH₄Cl:25~95g/L, electroless plating time can be 15~55min.

In further preferred embodiment, the ingredient of sensitizing solution can be with are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:25~35g/L, HCl:25~ 55g/L, sensitization time can be 24~36min；The ingredient of activating solution can be with are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.2~0.7g/L, activation time can Think 24~36min；The ingredient of chemical plating fluid can be with are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:20~40g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:18~36g/ L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:18~36g/L, NH₄Cl:51~58g/L, electroless plating time can be 24~36min；And in this reality It applies in the preferably scheme of one kind provided by example, the ingredient of sensitizing solution are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:31.2g/L, HCl:40/L, sensitization Time is 30min；The ingredient of activating solution are as follows: PdCl₂: 0.4425g/L, activation time 30min；The ingredient of chemical plating fluid are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:26.3g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:21.2g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:23.52g/L, NH₄Cl:53.5g/L, Electroless plating time is 30min.

In the present embodiment, the time of ultrasonic cleaning can be 20~60min, vacuum drying temperature can for 50 DEG C~ 90 DEG C, the vacuum drying time can be 5~15min；Further, in the present embodiment, the pH of chemical plating fluid can for 4~ 6, slant acidity；The temperature of chemical plating fluid can preferentially be set as 50~80 DEG C.

In the present embodiment in provided preparation method, the method for preparing the graphene of the surface-modified processing For；Corona treatment is carried out to graphene first, then graphene is added in rutin aqueous solution by treated, and is carried out Mechanical stirring finally successively carries out ultrasonic disperse processing, standing and filtering, filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo, and obtains through surface The graphene of modification.Optionally, the surface-modified processing is prepared in provided preparation method in the present embodiment The method of carbon nanotube be；First carbon nanotube is added in gallic acid aqueous solution, and carries out mechanical stirring, then successively Ultrasonic disperse processing, standing and filtering are carried out, takes filter residue to be dried in vacuo, obtains the carbon nanometer of surface-modified processing Pipe.

In the present embodiment, on the one hand, surface modification treatment will not cause chemical damage to graphene and carbon nanotube, can To keep the integrality of graphene and carbon nanotube.On the other hand, the graphene of surface-modified processing and carbon nanotube have Extraordinary mechanical property, forms preferable interface cohesion between graphene and carbon nanotube and iron matrix, when extraneous loading force, answer Power can be transferred to graphene and carbon nanotube by interface, to have the function that enhance body.

Preferably, in the carbon nanometer of the graphene and the surface-modified processing that prepare the surface-modified processing During pipe, the time of ultrasonic disperse can be 15~65min；The time of the standing can be 12~48h；The vacuum Dry temperature can be 45 DEG C~95 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time can be 12~36h.

In a kind of common scheme, the time of ultrasonic disperse can be 20~40min；The time of standing can for 20~ 30h；Vacuum drying temperature can be 74 DEG C~86 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time can be 20~30h；As an example, at this A kind of more excellent scheme provided in embodiment are as follows: the time of the ultrasonic disperse is 30min；The time of the standing is for 24 hours；Institute Stating vacuum drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time is for 24 hours.

In the preferred scheme, the rutin aqueous solution is formulated by deionized water, and rutin in rutin aqueous solution Concentration can be 0.001~18 μ g/mL；More common, the concentration of rutin can be 0.02~0.2 μ g/ in rutin aqueous solution mL；As an example, in the present embodiment, the concentration of rutin is 0.02 μ g/mL in rutin aqueous solution.

When handling graphene using rutin aqueous solution, the ratio between the quality of graphene and the volume of rutin aqueous solution can be 0.05~0.5g:15~65mL.

In a kind of common scheme, the quality of graphene and the ratio between the volume of rutin aqueous solution can be 0.05~0.2g: 35~55mL；As an example, in the present embodiment, the quality of graphene and the ratio between the volume of rutin aqueous solution are set as 0.1g: 40mL。

In the preferred scheme, the gallic acid aqueous solution is preferentially formulated using deionized water, and gallic acid In aqueous solution, the concentration of gallic acid is that 3~18 μ g/ml are advisable.

In a kind of common scheme, the concentration of gallic acid can be 5~15 μ g/ml in gallic acid aqueous solution；As Citing, in the present embodiment, in the gallic acid aqueous solution, the concentration of gallic acid is 10 μ g/ml.

When handling carbon nanotube using gallic acid aqueous solution, the quality of carbon nanotube and the volume of gallic acid aqueous solution Than that can be 0.05~0.5g:15~65ml.

In further scheme, the ratio between quality and the volume of gallic acid aqueous solution of carbon nanotube can be 0.05 ~0.2g:35~55ml；As an example, in a kind of preferably scheme, quality and the gallic acid aqueous solution of carbon nanotube The ratio between volume can preferentially use 0.1g:40mL.

In the present embodiment, the ball milling use agate ball and agate spherical tank, and rotational speed of ball-mill using 100~400 turns/ Min, Ball-milling Time can be 35~160min；In a kind of common scheme, rotational speed of ball-mill can be set to 170~240 turns/ Min, Ball-milling Time can be 60~150min；As an example, in the present embodiment, rotational speed of ball-mill is 200 turns/min, when ball milling Between be 120min.

Optionally, medium used by ball milling can be the tert-butyl alcohol, and after completion ball milling, used by removing ball-milling medium Method can preferentially use freeze-drying；Freeze-drying is existing conventional means, and which is not described herein again.

In the preparation method provided by inventing, during progress vacuum heating-press sintering is molding, vacuum heating-press sintering Pressure can be with are as follows: first 0.5~2h of precompressed, preload pressure are 0.5~1.5T, then are boosted with the speed of 0.05~0.15T/min To 5~15MPa, the dwell time is 15~30min, meanwhile, the temperature of vacuum heating-press sintering can be with are as follows: first with 10~30 DEG C/min 550~700 DEG C are warming up to, then is warming up to 750~950 DEG C with 5~15 DEG C/min, is finally heated up with the speed of 1~10 DEG C/min To 850~1100 DEG C, and soaking time can be 1~3h, so that grinding wheel can be formed preferably.

In further embodiment, the pressure of vacuum heating-press sintering can be with are as follows: first 0.8~1.5h of precompressed, preload pressure are 0.8~1.3T, then with the speed of 0.08~0.13T/min by boost in pressure to 10~14MPa, and 18~24min of pressure maintaining；Together When, the temperature of vacuum heating-press sintering can be with are as follows: is first warming up to 580~640 DEG C with 15~25 DEG C/min, then with 8~13 DEG C/min Be warming up to 850~910 DEG C, be finally warming up to 960~1050 DEG C with the speed of 3~6 DEG C/min, soaking time can for 1.5~ 2.5h；As an example, a kind of more excellent scheme found by multiple comparative experiments, in terms of pressure: first precompressed 1h, precompressed pressure Power is 1T (ton), then rises to 12MPa, and pressure maintaining 20min with the speed part pressure of 0.1T/min；Meanwhile in terms of temperature: first with The speed of 20 DEG C/min raises the temperature to 600 DEG C, then raises the temperature to 900 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, finally with 5 DEG C/temperature rises to 1000 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 2h by the speed of min.

In the preparation process provided by the present embodiment, by controlling the content of each component, make abrasive material jointly with filler With not only can effectively enhancing intensity, the rigidity of grinding wheel, but also reduce the abrasion loss of grinding wheel while improving abrasion loss.

Embodiment 3

According to iron-binding agent provided in iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel provided by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 The preparation method of fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel, the present embodiment have carried out 6 control experiments and 7 comparative experimentss, concrete condition respectively first It is as follows:

Control experiment 1: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 60 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 20 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, stone Ink powder end 0.5 part, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten carbide 2.5 parts of progress ball mill mixings of powder, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.By composite powder End carries out vacuum heating-press sintering molding, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min, Obtain iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 1.

Control experiment 2: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 58.33 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 25 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, stone Ink powder end 0.5 part, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten carbide 2.5 parts of progress ball mill mixings of powder, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.By composite powder End carries out vacuum heating-press sintering molding, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min, Obtain iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 2.

Control experiment 3: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 50 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 35 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, stone Ink powder end 0.5 part, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten carbide 2.5 parts of progress ball mill mixings of powder, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.By composite powder End carries out vacuum heating-press sintering molding, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min, Obtain iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 3.

Control experiment 4: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 40 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, stone Ink powder end 0.5 part, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten carbide 2.5 parts of progress ball mill mixings of powder, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.By composite powder End carries out vacuum heating-press sintering molding, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min, Obtain iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 4.

Control experiment 5: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 50 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 35 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆)2.5 Part, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, 2.5 parts of tungsten-carbide powder progress Ball mill mixing, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum hotpressing Sinter molding, temperature are 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains iron-binding agent Fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 5.

Control experiment 6: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 40 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆)2.5 Part, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, 2.5 parts of tungsten-carbide powder progress Ball mill mixing, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum hotpressing Sinter molding, temperature are 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains iron-binding agent Fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 6.

Comparative experiments 1: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 40 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, stone Ink powder end 0.5 part, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten carbide 2.5 parts of progress ball mill mixings of powder, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.By composite powder End carries out vacuum heating-press sintering molding, and temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min, Obtain grinding wheel 1.That is, fused alumina zirconia particle used by this experiment is without the processing of coating surface nickel layer.

Comparative experiments 2: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 41 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆)2.5 Part, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder last 1 part, tungsten-carbide powder 2.5 Part carries out ball mill mixing, and revolving speed is 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtains composite powder.Composite powder is carried out true Empty Thermocompressed sintering and forming, temperature are 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 2.That is, being not added with powdered graphite, graphene and carbon nanotube in this experiment.

Comparative experiments 3: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 42.5 parts of iron-binding agent, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) powder 3 Part, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, surface-modified processing graphite 2.5 parts of 0.1 part of alkene, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten-carbide powder progress ball mill mixings, revolving speed 200 Turn/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtains composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering molding, temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 3.That is, being not added in this experiment Yellow iron powder.

Comparative experiments 4: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 43 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆)2.5 Part, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, surface-modified processing graphite 2.5 parts of 0.1 part of alkene, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten-carbide powder progress ball mill mixings, revolving speed 200 Turn/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtains composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering molding, temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 4.That is, being not added in this experiment Pore creating material (TiH₂)。

Comparative experiments 5: using the fused alumina zirconia particle handled without coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball With agate spherical tank by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 40.5 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, through table 2.5 parts of progress ball millings of 0.1 part of graphene, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, tungsten-carbide powder of face modification Mixing, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering Molding, temperature are 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 5.That is, this reality In testing, it is not added with lanthanum (La).

Comparative experiments 6: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 45.5 parts of iron-binding agent, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆) 2.5 parts, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, surface-modified processing graphite 0.1 part of alkene, surface-modified processing 0.4 part of progress ball mill mixing of carbon nanotube, revolving speed is 200 turns/min, and Ball-milling Time is 120min obtains composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum heating-press sintering molding, temperature is 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, Soaking time is 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 6.That is, being not added with calcium carbonate, chromium and tungsten carbide in this experiment.

Comparative experiments 7: using the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.By weight, using agate ball and agate ball Tank is by 45 parts of fused alumina zirconia particle, 40 parts of pure iron powder, yellow iron powder (FeS₂) 2.5 parts of powder, ice crystal powder (Na₃AlF₆)2.5 Part, pore creating material (TiH₂) 3 parts of powder, 2 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 0.5 part of lanthanum (La) powder, chromium powder end 1 part, 0.5 part of powdered graphite, 0.1 part of the graphene of surface-modified processing, 0.4 part of the carbon nanotube of surface-modified processing, 2.5 parts of tungsten-carbide powder progress Ball mill mixing, revolving speed are 200 turns/min, Ball-milling Time 120min, obtain composite powder.Composite powder is subjected to vacuum hotpressing Sinter molding, temperature are 1000 DEG C, pressure 12MPa, soaking time 2h, and dwell time 20min obtains grinding wheel 7.That is, In this experiment, iron-binding agent is replaced using straight iron powder.

As it can be seen that the total weight of each component is identical in control experiment 4, control experiment 6 and comparative experiments 1-7.

Secondly the present embodiment has carried out following five tests and analysis:

Test 1

Using the fused alumina zirconia particle of the prepared coating surface nickel layer of scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, analyze its Chemical plating rear surface variation, and and nickel layer combination situation；Fig. 1 is in control experiment 6, using chemical nickel plating surface obtained The SEM of the fused alumina zirconia particle of plating nickel layer schemes, it can be seen that the uniform covering power of thickness is the Yi great Te of chemical nickel plating well Point, chemical nickel plating avoid electroplated layer due to current distribution is uneven is even and bring is in uneven thickness, the plating thickness at plating piece position Degree is substantially the same, also can be by nickel layer in chemical plating in blind hole, gap.From in Fig. 1 it can be found that zirconium after chemical nickel plating Corundum in granules is smooth, and due to the effect of plating nickel on surface, particle surface is compact, and hole is also all covered by nickel layer, makes material can be with It is preferably combined with iron-binding agent, and the nickel layer thickness of chemical plating is essentially identical, particle surface is more smooth, can be effective The binding ability of enhancing and iron-binding agent.

Fig. 2 is in control experiment 6, using the scanning electricity of the fused alumina zirconia particle of chemical nickel plating coating surface nickel layer obtained Mirror figure and energy spectrum diagram；Figure midpoint 1,2,3 clearly illustrates the surface-element point by the fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer Cloth situation；Nickel content from it can be seen that 2 in energy spectrum diagram is almost 0, and the constituent content of Al and Zr and the zirconium of non-nickel plating are rigid Beautiful sample size is consistent, illustrates to be the broken scarce of nickel coating at 2, but the as can be seen from the figure basic phase of nickel layer thickness of chemical plating Together.

Test 2

The rod iron mill of grinding wheel prepared by above-mentioned control experiment 1~6 and comparative experiments 1~7 is measured using numerically control grinder Damage amount, grinding wheel abrasion loss, friction factor, surface roughness, as shown in table 1.

The experimental result of table 1 control experiment 1~6 and comparative experiments 1~7

Wherein, the iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel 1 and iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia in control experiment 1 and control experiment 2 Grinding wheel 2 (i.e. sample) equal unshaped, therefore without subsequent experimental data.

As shown in Table 1, in control experiment 1 and control experiment 2, when the content of iron-binding agent is too low, sample Cracking, that is because iron-binding agent cannot form good combination circle with fused alumina zirconia abrasive material when iron-binding agent content is low Face makes grinding wheel crack, and can not shape.

Compare control experiment 3~4 it can be found that the content reduction of the fused alumina zirconia of chemical nickel plating, iron-based combination ought not carried out When agent content increases, the abrasion loss of rod iron and the friction factor of grinding wheel all reduce, this is because when iron-binding agent content increases When, it is promoted with fused alumina zirconia particle bond strength, bonding agent is caused to increase the covering property of fused alumina zirconia particle, reduce fused alumina zirconia mill The contact area of grain and rod iron, causes the abrasion loss of rod iron to reduce, friction factor and grinding wheel abrasion loss also reduce accordingly.

Compare experimental results in control experiment 5~6 it can be found that rod iron abrasion loss, grinding wheel abrasion loss, grinding wheel rub Wiping factor all reduces, the reason is that excessive iron-binding agent causes bonding agent too strong to the coating function of fused alumina zirconia particle, causes Fused alumina zirconia particle is not contacted with rod iron surface completely when grinding, contacts the iron matrix of grinding wheel with rod iron, cause rod iron abrasion loss, Grinding wheel abrasion loss, grinding wheel friction factor all reduce.

Control experiment 3~4 demonstrates the fused alumina zirconia particle friction after chemical nickel plating because of several litres compared with control experiment 5~6 Height, surface roughness reduce, this is because the fused alumina zirconia and iron-binding agent binding ability after chemical plating are strong, lead to its boundary Face consistency is better than other control experiments, causes friction factor to increase, can effectively increase the grinding performance of grinding wheel.

Lack alloying element in comparative experiments 1~7, therefore prepared iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia wheel strength is lower, mill Damage amount is larger, surface is rougher, and performance is poor.

Test 3

Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively the SEM figure in the rod iron surface abrasion face of control experiment 5 and control experiment 6.It can be seen from figure It observes, rod iron wear surface burr is more in control experiment 5, rod iron rough surface；6 rod iron surface of control experiment is more smooth, hair Thorn amount is less, and the degree of wear is lighter.This is because when the content of iron-binding agent increases, the fused alumina zirconia particle through chemical nickel plating It interacts with iron-binding agent more abundant, cladding capability improving of the iron-binding agent to fused alumina zirconia particle is grinding grinding wheel Fused alumina zirconia particle is not easy to fall off during cutting, and reduces the surface roughness of grinding wheel.

Test 4

Fig. 5 is the scanning of rod iron surface topography and power spectrum result figure of control experiment 5 and control experiment 6；It can by power spectrum result Know, rod iron surface carbonizes at figure midpoint 1, the reason is that wear surface overheat leads to carbon inside rod iron during frictional experiment To external diffusion, at remaining point 2~6 material power spectrum as the result is shown material composition without bigger difference.

Test 5

Fig. 6 is simulation drawing (the i.e. abrasion of grinding wheel reality of wheel face roughness prepared by control experiment 5 and control experiment 6 Test result analysis chart), it can be seen from the figure that the wheel face structure of control experiment 5 is more uniform, this is because working as fused alumina zirconia When granule content is more, moderate, the between the two interaction of fused alumina zirconia particle and iron-binding agent additional proportion through chemical nickel plating The capability improving of interface cohesion, abrasive grain is not easy to fall off in grinding process, causes the wear rate of grind away to reduce, the surface of grinding wheel Degree of roughness reduces.As fused alumina zirconia granule content increases, fused alumina zirconia particle specific gravity increases, and unevenness is mixed with iron-binding agent It is even, cause the surface roughness of grinding wheel to increase.

The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel for railway track reconditioning, which is characterized in that including by weight percentage The following component of configuration: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron-binding agent 20~45%, yellow iron powder 1 ~5%, ice crystal powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, Chromium powder end 0.1~2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, surface-modified processing carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5%, surface-modified Graphene 0.1~0.5%, the tungsten-carbide powder 1~5% of processing.

2. the iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 1 for railway track reconditioning, which is characterized in that institute The fused alumina zirconia particle for stating coating surface nickel layer is obtained using the method for chemical nickel plating；It is obtained using rutin aqueous solution processing graphene The graphene of the surface-modified processing；The surface-modified place is obtained using gallic acid aqueous solution processing carbon nanotube The carbon nanotube of reason.

3. the iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 1 for railway track reconditioning, which is characterized in that institute Stating iron-binding agent by weight percentage includes following component: iron powder 70~80%, cobalt dust 5~15%, copper powders 5~ 15%, tin powder 1~5%.

4. a kind of preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel, which is characterized in that including

By the fused alumina zirconia particle of the coating surface nickel layer, the graphene of the surface-modified processing and described surface-modified The carbon nanotube of processing and iron powder, cobalt dust, copper powders, tin powder, yellow iron powder powder, ice crystal powder, titanium hydride powders, Calcium carbonate powder, lanthanum powder, chromium powder end, powdered graphite, tungsten-carbide powder carry out ball mill mixing, obtain composite powder；

5. the preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the composite powder The weight percent of each component in end are as follows: the fused alumina zirconia particle 30~70% of coating surface nickel layer, iron powder 70~80%, cobalt powder End 5~15%, copper powders 5~15%, tin powder 1~5%, yellow iron powder 1~5%, ice crystal powder 1~5%, pore creating material powder End 1~5%, calcium carbonate powder 0.5~3%, lanthanum powder 0.1~1.5%, chromium powder end 0.1~2%, powdered graphite 0.1~1%, The carbon nanotube 0.1~0.5% of surface-modified processing, surface-modified processing graphene 0.1~0.5%, tungsten carbide powder End 1~5%.

6. the preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 4, which is characterized in that prepare the table The method of the fused alumina zirconia particle of face plating nickel layer is；

It is sensitized firstly, fused alumina zirconia particle is put into sensitizing solution, is successively cleaned by ultrasonic after the completion of sensitization, is stood and mistake Filter, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo；

Then, the fused alumina zirconia particle after drying is put into activating solution and is activated, be successively cleaned by ultrasonic after the completion of activation, be quiet It sets and filters, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo；

Finally, the fused alumina zirconia particle after drying is put into chemical plating fluid, and the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid are adjusted, it is rigid to zirconium Beautiful particle nickel plating, is successively cleaned by ultrasonic after nickel plating, is stood and is filtered, and filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo, described in acquisition The fused alumina zirconia particle of coating surface nickel layer.

7. according to right want 6 described in iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel preparation method, which is characterized in that the sensitizing solution Ingredient are as follows: SnCl₂·2H₂O:25~45g/L, HCl:15~65g/L, sensitization time are 15~55min；

The ingredient of the chemical plating fluid are as follows: NiSO₄·6H₂O:15~55g/L, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O:15~55g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O:15~55g/L, NH₄Cl:25~95g/L, electroless plating time are 15~55min, and the pH of chemical plating fluid is 4 ~6, the temperature of chemical plating fluid is 50~80 DEG C.

8. the preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 4, which is characterized in that prepare the warp The method of the graphene of surface modification treatment is；Corona treatment is carried out to graphene first, it then will treated graphite Alkene is added in rutin aqueous solution, and carries out mechanical stirring, is finally successively carried out ultrasonic disperse processing, standing and filtering, is taken Filter residue is dried in vacuo, and the graphene of surface-modified processing is obtained；Wherein, the rutin aqueous solution is matched by deionized water System, and the concentration of rutin is 0.001~18 μ g/mL in rutin aqueous solution；When handling graphene using rutin aqueous solution, graphene Quality and the ratio between the volume of rutin aqueous solution be 0.05~0.5g:15~65mL；The time of the ultrasonic disperse be 15~ 65min；The time of the standing is 12~48h；The vacuum drying temperature is 45 DEG C~95 DEG C, when described vacuum drying Between be 12~36h.

9. the preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 4, which is characterized in that prepare the warp The method of the carbon nanotube of surface modification treatment is；First carbon nanotube is added in gallic acid aqueous solution, and carries out machinery Then stirring successively carries out ultrasonic disperse processing, standing and filtering, filter residue is taken to be dried in vacuo, obtain surface-modified The carbon nanotube of processing；Wherein, the gallic acid aqueous solution is prepared by deionized water, and galla turcica in gallic acid aqueous solution The concentration of acid is 3~18 μ g/ml；When handling carbon nanotube using gallic acid aqueous solution, the quality and galla turcica of carbon nanotube The volume ratio of aqueous acid is 0.05~0.5g:15~65ml；The time of the ultrasonic disperse is 15~65min；The standing Time be 12~48h；The vacuum drying temperature is 45 DEG C~95 DEG C, and the vacuum drying time is 12~36h.

10. the preparation method of iron-binding agent fused alumina zirconia grinding wheel according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the vacuum The pressure of hot pressed sintering are as follows: first 0.5~2h of precompressed, preload pressure are 0.5~1.5T, then with the speed of 0.05~0.15T/min 5~15MPa is boosted to, the dwell time is 15~30min, the temperature of the vacuum heating-press sintering are as follows: first with 10~30 DEG C/min 550~700 DEG C are warming up to, then is warming up to 750~950 DEG C with 5~15 DEG C/min, is finally heated up with the speed of 1~10 DEG C/min To 850~1100 DEG C, soaking time is 1~3h.