CN109728320B - High-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for fuel cell and cell stack thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for fuel cell and cell stack thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109728320B CN109728320B CN201811426214.XA CN201811426214A CN109728320B CN 109728320 B CN109728320 B CN 109728320B CN 201811426214 A CN201811426214 A CN 201811426214A CN 109728320 B CN109728320 B CN 109728320B
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- flow field
- cell stack
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- bipolar plate
- fuel cell
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a cell stack thereof, which can realize the flow field and sealing design in the whole bipolar plate plane, and reduce the gas of the cathode and the anode of the traditional bipolar plate and the cooling liquid inlet and outlet outer frames and the sealing design thereof; meanwhile, the functions of gas and cooling liquid inlet and outlet are realized by utilizing the external frame sealing design of the bipolar plate and matching with the design of the metal outer end plate of the cell stack; the cell stack is assembled by using a box type seal assembly and adopting a screw beam fastening assembly design, so that the integral seal and long-time vibration-resistant fastening of the cell stack are ensured. Compared with the traditional bipolar plate design, the bipolar plate and the cell stack thereof have the characteristics of high effective area rate, bipolar plate substrate material saving, bipolar plate processing difficulty reduction, membrane electrode assembly outer frame preparation simplification, high volume specific power of the cell stack, long-term stable fastening of the cell stack and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a bipolar plate flow field and a cell stack assembly design for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, in particular to a full-screen flow field bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a cell stack thereof.
Background
Currently, environmental-friendly zero-emission new energy automobiles are developing at a high speed worldwide, and a plurality of developed countries internationally set a retirement schedule of traditional gasoline vehicles. Among new energy vehicles, a fuel cell electric vehicle driven by a fuel cell as a power source uses fuel hydrogen to replace conventional gasoline as an energy source, and is considered to be a new energy vehicle with performance comparable to that of the conventional gasoline vehicle in all aspects. Many notable automobile manufacturers have introduced commercial fuel cell automobiles internationally.
The bipolar plate is one of the key components of the fuel cell, and plays important roles of conveying and separating fuel, air and cooling liquid, mechanical support, electronic conduction and the like in the fuel cell. In addition to the above functions, the design of the bipolar plate determines the effective area ratio of the fuel cell plate, and further determines the volume power density of the fuel cell stack. The bipolar plate design comprises a gas and cooling liquid inlet and outlet design, a sealing design, a flow field design, a cell stack assembly positioning design and the like. In the traditional bipolar plate design, the inlet and outlet outer frames of fuel, air and cooling liquid are generally designed in the plane of the bipolar plate, the inlet and outlet outer frames need to be designed around the inlet and outlet outer frames in the aspect of sealing, and the flow field of the effective power generation part is positioned in the inner part surrounded by the designs, so that the area ratio of the inlet and outlet and the sealing of the traditional bipolar plate is large, and the effective area rate of the power generation part is low. In addition, the outer frame of the membrane electrode of the core power generation component of the fuel cell needs to be matched with the bipolar plate, and in order to reduce the cost and improve the mechanical strength of the outer frame part, the outer frame of the membrane electrode is generally made of plastic packaging membrane materials with low cost and needs to be plastic packaged with the membrane electrode. In order to further improve the volume power density of the vehicle fuel cell and simplify the membrane electrode preparation process and reduce the cost, the bipolar plate can be realized by further optimizing the overall design of the bipolar plate.
The invention provides a high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a cell stack assembly technical design scheme thereof. The effective area rate of the traditional bipolar plate design is generally 60-75% due to the fact that the proportion of gas and cooling liquid inlet and outlet outer frames and matched sealing elements is large, and the effective area rate of the high-efficiency full-screen bipolar plate design scheme provided by the invention can reach 85-90%, so that the effective area rate of the bipolar plate is remarkably improved, and the volume ratio power density of a fuel cell stack can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, the full-screen flow field bipolar plate design provided by the invention does not contain gas and cooling liquid inlet and outlet outer frames and sealing elements thereof, so that the preparation of the plastic packaging film outer frame of the matched film electrode can be reduced, the preparation process of the film electrode is simplified, the production cost of the film electrode is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a cell stack thereof, which effectively improve the effective area rate of the bipolar plate, effectively reduce the volume of the cell stack on the premise of ensuring the assembly of the cell stack with the same output power, and finally realize the purpose of improving the volume power density of the vehicle fuel cell stack.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for the fuel cell is formed by attaching an anode side single-stage plate and a cathode side single-stage plate together through a back rest and is characterized in that the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate are formed by substrates with the same outline, protruding parts extending out of the side edges of the substrates are arranged on the periphery of the substrates, the front surfaces of the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate comprise a flow field arranged at the center of the substrates, sealing and bonding areas are formed from the periphery of the flow field to the outer edges and the surfaces of the protruding parts of the substrates, and the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate are attached together through a sealing element arranged in the bonding areas.
And gas and cooling liquid inlets and outlets are arranged on the anode side single-stage plate or the cathode side single-stage plate and are respectively positioned on the peripheral edge of the substrate.
The center of the back of the cathode side single-stage plate is provided with a cooling liquid flow field, the upper side and the lower side of the cooling liquid flow field are respectively provided with a cooling liquid flow field inlet and a cooling liquid flow field outlet, and the cooling liquid flow field inlet and the cooling liquid flow field outlet are both positioned at the edge of the substrate.
And the area from the outer side of the cooling liquid flow field to the outer edge of the substrate is a sealing and bonding area, and a sealing piece is arranged on the sealing and bonding area.
The invention also provides a fuel cell stack which comprises a rectangular frame enclosed by four metal seal plates, wherein a cell stack assembly is arranged in the rectangular frame.
The space in the rectangular frame is divided into an air inlet space, a cooling liquid inlet space and a fuel outlet space by the assembly protruding part, and an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the air inlet space and the fuel outlet space are arranged on the end plate.
And a surface sealing element is arranged between the end plate and the collector plate.
And a sealing plate sealing element is arranged between the adjacent sealing plates.
The outer side of the convex part of the assembly is wrapped with a frame sealing element.
Screw holes are formed in the metal sealing plates, and a screw beam penetrates through the screw hole between the two opposite metal sealing plates.
The design scheme of the high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate and the cell stack thereof provided by the invention adopts the design that only the flow field and the sealing element are contained in the plane of the plate material of the plate, thereby reducing the design of gas and cooling liquid inlet and outlet outer frames in the traditional bipolar plate; the design of an external raised frame of the bipolar plate is utilized to realize the sealing of a gas and cooling liquid transmission channel, and the design of a metal outer end plate of the cell stack is matched to realize the inlet and outlet functions of the gas and the cooling liquid; the special cell stack assembly is assembled by using a box type seal and is tightly assembled by adopting a screw rod beam. By adopting the design scheme, the flexibility is very high in the aspect of designing the positions of the external inlets and the external outlets of the fuel, the air and the cooling liquid, for example, the parallel arrangement of the inlets and the outlets can be modified into the cross arrangement by simple adjustment, and the air can be longitudinally accessed and transversely accessed and the like. On the basis of ensuring the high-efficiency power generation of the fuel cell stack, the effective area rate of the bipolar plate is greatly improved, the volume power density of the cell stack is increased, the membrane electrode preparation process is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the design flexibility is enhanced, and the like.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a bipolar plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the anode side single-stage plate/cathode side single-stage plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back side structure of the anode side single-stage board in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a back side structure of the cathode side single-stage plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a cell stack assembly in a cell stack according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a package structure of a cell stack according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the appearance of the cell stack according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A high-efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate for a fuel cell is composed of an anode side single-stage plate 100 and a cathode side single-stage plate 200 which are attached back to back as shown in figure 1, wherein the anode side single-stage plate 100 and the cathode side single-stage plate 200 are composed of base plates with the same outline, the base plates can be conductive plates such as graphite plates, composite graphite plates or metal plates, the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the base plates are provided with convex parts 103 extending out from the side surfaces of the base plates, in the embodiment, the middle part of each side edge of the upper side and the lower side is provided with two convex parts 103 with a certain interval, and the upper end and the lower end of each side. The protruding portion 103 is preferably an isosceles trapezoid, one side of the protruding portion 103 located at the outer side is an upper base of the isosceles trapezoid, one side of the protruding portion 103 connected to the substrate is a lower base of the isosceles trapezoid, in this embodiment, the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid is 5mm, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid is 7 mm.
The anode-side single-stage plate 100 and the cathode-side single-stage plate 200 have the same front structure and different back structures. As shown in fig. 2, the front surface of each of the anode side single-stage plate 100 and the cathode side single-stage plate 200 includes a flow field 101 disposed in the center of the substrate, and the flow field 101 may be a parallel flow field, a serpentine flow field, a wave flow field, or other flow fields; the periphery of the flow field 101 to the outer edge of the substrate is a sealing bonding area 102, and the sealing element is bonded to the sealing bonding area 102 through a sealing adhesive.
The upper side of the flow field 101 is provided with a fuel and air inlet 104, the lower side of the flow field 101 is provided with a fuel and air outlet 105, and the fuel and air inlet 104 and the fuel and air outlet 105 are holes penetrating through the substrate.
The back surface of the anode-side single-stage plate 100 is a flat surface as shown in fig. 3.
The back surface of the cathode-side single-stage plate 200 is shown in fig. 4, and includes a coolant flow field region 201 disposed in the middle of the substrate, a coolant flow field inlet 206 is disposed in the middle of the upper side of the coolant flow field region 201, a coolant flow field outlet 207 is disposed in the lower portion of the coolant flow field region 201, the coolant flow field inlet 206 and the coolant flow field outlet 207 are respectively located between two convex portions 103 on the upper and lower sides of the substrate, and a sealing adhesive region 102 is located from the outer side of the coolant flow field region 201 to the outer edge region of the substrate. The seal adhesive region 102 has a seal member adhered thereto by an adhesive.
The invention also provides a fuel cell stack, as shown in fig. 6-7, which comprises a rectangular frame surrounded by four metal seal plates 12, the front and back surfaces of the rectangular frame are hollowed out, a cell stack assembly is arranged in the rectangular frame, the structure of the cell stack assembly is as shown in fig. 5, the cell stack assembly comprises two spaced current collecting plates 10, a plurality of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes which are arranged between the two current collecting plates 10 and are bonded together, the protruding parts of the bipolar plates bonded together are stacked into an assembly protruding part, and the outer side of the assembly protruding part is wrapped with a frame sealing element 11.
End plates are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the rectangular frame, the end plates enclose the cell stack assembly in the rectangular frame, and a face seal is provided between the current collecting plate 10 of the cell stack assembly and the end plate 20 provided on the outer side thereof. A plate seal is provided between adjacent closure plates 12.
The space in the rectangular frame is divided into three parts by two module protrusions at the upper and lower sides of the cell stack module, and three holes are formed in the positions of the end plates on the front and rear surfaces of the rectangular frame corresponding to the three part spaces, respectively, an air inlet 14, a coolant inlet 15 and a fuel inlet 16 at the upper part of the end plate, and a fuel outlet 17, a coolant outlet 18 and an air outlet 19 at the lower part of the end plate.
In order to further improve the sealing performance of the battery stack package, the metal sealing plates 12 are provided with screw holes 13, and screw beams are inserted into the screw holes 13 between the two opposite metal sealing plates 12.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell stack using high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plates comprises a rectangular frame surrounded by four metal seal plates, a cell stack assembly is arranged in the rectangular frame, it is characterized in that the cell stack component comprises two current collecting plates, a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode which are arranged between the two current collecting plates, the bipolar plate is formed by attaching an anode side single-stage plate and a cathode side single-stage plate together with a back rest, wherein the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate are composed of substrates with the same outer contour, the periphery of each substrate is provided with a convex part extending out from the side edge of the substrate, the front surfaces of the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate comprise a flow field arranged in the center of the substrate, the sealing and bonding areas are arranged from the periphery of the flow field to the outer edge of the substrate and the surface of the convex part, the anode side single-stage plate and the cathode side single-stage plate are adhered together to form a bipolar plate through a sealing member arranged in the adhesion area; the projections of the bipolar plates that are fitted together are superimposed into a module projection, and end plates are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the rectangular frame, which enclose the cell stack module in the rectangular frame.
2. A fuel cell stack using high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plates as in claim 1, wherein gas and coolant ports are provided in either the anode side or cathode side end plates, respectively, at the peripheral edges of the base plate.
3. The fuel cell stack using the high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein the center of the back surface of the cathode side single-stage plate is provided with a coolant flow field, the upper and lower sides of the coolant flow field are respectively provided with a coolant flow field inlet and a coolant flow field outlet, and the coolant flow field inlet and the coolant flow field outlet are both located at the edge of the substrate.
4. A fuel cell stack using high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plates according to claim 3 wherein the outer side of the coolant flow field to the outer edge area of the substrate is a seal bonding area on which a seal is disposed.
5. The fuel cell stack using the high-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the assembly protrusions divide the space inside the rectangular frame into an air, coolant and fuel inlet and outlet space, and the end plate is provided with inlet and outlet corresponding to the inlet and outlet space.
6. A fuel cell stack using a high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 wherein a face seal is provided between the end plate and the current collector plate.
7. A fuel cell stack employing a high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 wherein seal plate seals are provided between adjacent seal plates.
8. A fuel cell stack using a high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 wherein the assembly bosses are externally wrapped with a frame seal.
9. The fuel cell stack using a high efficiency full screen flow field bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said metal sealing plates are provided with screw holes, and screw beams are inserted into the screw holes between two opposite metal sealing plates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811426214.XA CN109728320B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | High-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for fuel cell and cell stack thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811426214.XA CN109728320B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | High-efficiency full-screen flow field bipolar plate for fuel cell and cell stack thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109728320A CN109728320A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109728320B true CN109728320B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110224152B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-10-13 | 山东潍氢动力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell with double-sealing groove metal bipolar plate and silicon injection membrane electrode structure |
| CN113054231B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-05-31 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell and vehicle |
| CN111600046A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-28 | 清华大学山西清洁能源研究院 | Short-distance direct-discharging bipolar plate for fuel cell |
| CN115020730B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-30 | 青岛创启信德新能源科技有限公司 | High-power hydrogen fuel cell stack and assembly method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003088378A2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Enhanced flow field and bipolar plate for a fuel cell |
| US8580457B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2013-11-12 | Protonex Technology Corporation | Fuel cell stack sealed with encapsulating material and method of making the same |
| CN102969513B (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2015-05-20 | 上海交通大学 | Large-area metal bipolar plate for automobile fuel cell |
| CN105702968B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of metal stamping bipolar plates of simple structure |
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2018
- 2018-11-27 CN CN201811426214.XA patent/CN109728320B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| PEM燃料电池双极板流场结构研究进展;叶东浩 等;《电池工业》;20101225;第15卷(第6期);第376-380页 * |
| Recent progress on the key materials and components for proton exchange membrane fuel cells in vehicle spplications;Wang Cheng等;《Energies》;20160729;第9卷(第8期);文献号：603 * |
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