CN109728278A - Positive electrode active materials and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Positive electrode active materials and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of positive electrode active materials and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery, the positive electrode active materials include: positive electrode active materials matrix；And clad, the clad are coated on the outer surface of the positive electrode active materials matrix completely, what the clad was at least formed by metal oxide.Surface of positive electrode active material of the present invention is formed with the metal oxide continuously coated, to avoid the side reaction of core and electrolyte, reduces initial stage irreversible capacity, cycle performance is improved, so that performance of lithium ion battery integrally makes moderate progress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of material technology, in particular to a kind of positive electrode active materials and preparation method thereof and lithium-ion electric
Pond.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that specific energy is high, the service life is long, safe and environment-friendly, has been widely used in notebook electricity
The fields such as brain, mobile phone, digital camera, electric car, energy storage.With the continuous development of the demands such as computer, mobile phone, electric car,
It is required that battery has higher performance.
Currently as the positive active material of lithium secondary battery, widely used substance is lithium complex metal compound,
Surface is inevitably present lithium impurity.The lithium impurity for remaining in surface can cause negative reaction with electrolyte, and it is compound to change lithium
The surface texture of metallic compound ultimately forms initial stage non-reversible capacity, interferes surface lithium ion mobile, is the master for generating gas
Want reason.
It in order to solve this problem, is metal, metal oxide, metal tripolyphosphate the surface treatment of positive active material
The research of object, metal fluoride, carbon compound etc. is carrying out.Related to this, well-known surface treatment method is: wanting
The raw material for carrying out surface treatment substance is directly dissolved in solution, is then directly mixed with positive active material, makes it after dry
The method for being coated on positive active material surface.
But it as coated using the above method, is easy to form island clad in the part of the surface of positive active material, not
Part in cladding still remains lithium impurity, cannot fundamentally solve the problems, such as the side reaction with electrolyte in this way.
Therefore, the positive electrode active materials of lithium ion battery still require study at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of positive electrode active materials, coat asking for (part coating) to solve island
Topic.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
Positive electrode active materials according to an embodiment of the present invention include: positive electrode active materials matrix；And clad, the packet
Coating is coated on the outer surface of the positive electrode active materials matrix completely, and the clad is at least formed by metal oxide
's.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the positive electrode active materials matrix is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the partial size of the positive electrode active materials matrix is 3~20 μm.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the metal oxide is selected from the oxidation that at least one following metal is formed
Object: Li, Al, Zr, Ni, Mn, Co, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Zn, Y, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Yb, Mg, Sr and Cu.
Some preferred embodiments according to the present invention, the metal oxide are selected from the oxide that Al is formed.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material for forming the metal oxide includes: metal salt, the metal salt
The salt formed for the metal；And alcohol compound.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the alcohol compound is selected from least one of following: methanol, ethyl alcohol, second
Glycol, glycerine, benzyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol and isopropanol.
Some preferred embodiments according to the present invention, the alcohol compound are selected from ethylene glycol.
Compared with the existing technology, positive electrode active materials of the present invention have the advantage that
By in the complete coated metal oxide of positive electrode active materials matrix surface, to avoid the pair of core and electrolyte
Reaction reduces initial stage irreversible capacity, cycle performance is improved, so that performance of lithium ion battery integrally makes moderate progress.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method for preparing positive electrode active materials noted earlier.
The method according to an embodiment of the present invention for preparing positive electrode active materials noted earlier includes: by the metal salt and alcohol
Class compound carries out mixed processing, to obtain the first mixture；Make first mixture that polymerization reaction occur, to obtain
Polymer；The polymer and the positive electrode active materials matrix are subjected to cladding processing, to obtain the second mixture；And
Second mixture is heat-treated, to form clad in the outer surface of the positive electrode active materials matrix, is obtained
The battery anode active material.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of metal salt is 0.05~2mol/L in first mixture.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polymerization reaction is carried out 10 minutes~10 hours at 60~120 DEG C.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cladding processing time is 1 minute~2 hours.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat treatment is carried out 10 minutes~20 hours at 400~700 DEG C.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes: using organic solvent by the polymer into
Row dilution processing, and obtained dilution and the positive electrode active materials matrix are subjected to the cladding processing；Progress described in
Before heat treatment, second mixture is dried.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, polymer concentration is 0.001~0.1mol/L in the dilution.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the dilution and positive electrode active materials matrix be (0.1~
10):1。
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the drying process is 60~180 DEG C, and the time is 1~48 hour.
Compared with the existing technology, the method for the present invention for preparing positive electrode active materials has the advantage that
Preparation method of the invention is not to be directly in positive electrode active materials matrix surface coated metal oxide, but logical
It crosses high molecular polymer and is coated with and is heat-treated and combine, to form continuous cladding metal in positive electrode active materials matrix surface
Oxide.Also, method of the invention is simple and convenient for operation, at low cost, is suitable for large-scale production.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of lithium ion battery.
Lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention contains mentioned-above positive electrode active materials.
Compared with the existing technology, lithium ion battery of the present invention has the advantage that
Surface of positive electrode active material is continuously coated with metal oxide in lithium ion battery of the invention, it is possible to reduce initial stage
Irreversible capacity improves cycle performance, so that performance of lithium ion battery integrally makes moderate progress.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the positive electrode active materials of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the method for preparing positive electrode active materials of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circulation conservation rate analysis schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the first charge-discharge specific capacity analysis schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
Positive electrode active materials matrix 100, clad 200.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
The invention proposes a kind of positive electrode active materials and preparation method thereof and lithium ion batteries, below by respectively to its into
Row detailed description.
Positive electrode active materials
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of positive electrode active materials.According to an embodiment of the invention, ginseng
See Fig. 1, which includes: positive electrode active materials matrix 100；And clad 200, clad 200 coat completely
In the outer surface of positive electrode active materials matrix 100, what clad 200 was at least formed by metal oxide.By living in anode
Property material matrix surface continuous coated metal oxide to avoid the side reaction of core and electrolyte it is irreversible to reduce initial stage
Capacity improves cycle performance, so that performance of lithium ion battery integrally makes moderate progress.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, metal oxide is selected from the oxide that at least one following metal is formed:
Li, Al, Zr, Ni, Mn, Co, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Zn, Y, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Yb, Mg, Sr and Cu.Preferably, metal oxygen
Compound is selected from Al2O3.Raw material is cheap and easy to get as a result, and source is wide, easy to operate, and cladding is stablized.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material for forming the metal oxide includes: metal salt, the metal salt
The salt formed for the metal；And alcohol compound.Metal salt can be first combined together with a part of alcohol compound, shape
Cheng Danliang body, single body of measuring are met with remainder alcohol compound again, form high molecular polymer.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, alcohol compound is selected from least one of following: methanol, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol,
Glycerine, benzyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol and isopropanol.Preferably, alcohol compound is selected from ethylene glycol.Raw material is easy to get as a result, operation letter
It is single, Yi Fasheng polymerization reaction.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, positive electrode active materials matrix is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material.Specifically, anode is living
Property material matrix partial size be 3~20 μm.As a result, to assign the battery containing the positive electrode active materials with excellent properties.
The method for preparing positive electrode active materials
In still another aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of methods for preparing positive electrode active materials noted earlier.Root
According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, this method comprises:
S100 mixed processing
In this step, metal salt and alcohol compound are subjected to mixed processing, to obtain the first mixture.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of metal salt is 0.05~2mol/L in the first mixture.As a result, with
Just polymerization reaction sufficiently occurs with alcohol compound.
S200 polymerization reaction
In this step, make the first mixture that polymerization reaction occur, to obtain polymer.Metal salt can first with one
Divide alcohol compound to be combined together, form single amount body, single amount body is met with remainder alcohol compound again, forms macromolecule
Polymer.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, polymerization reaction is carried out 10 minutes~10 hours at 60~120 DEG C.By
This, metal salt can sufficiently polymerize with alcohol compound, form high molecular polymer.
The processing of S300 cladding
In this step, polymer and positive electrode active materials matrix are subjected to cladding processing, to obtain the second mixture.
Positive electrode active materials matrix surface forms loose, irregular, discontinuously clad as a result,.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cladding processing time is 1 minute~2 hours.It coats in treatment process and continues
Material is stirred, positive electrode active materials matrix surface forms interruption, unstable clad as a result,.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, polymer is diluted processing using organic solvent, and will be obtained
Dilution and positive electrode active materials matrix carry out the cladding processing.By being diluted to polymer, to make it more evenly
Ground is coated on positive electrode active materials matrix surface.
Specifically, polymer concentration is 0.001~0.1mol/L, dilution and positive electrode active materials matrix in dilution
Mass ratio is (0.1~10): 1.As a result, to be more uniformly coated on positive electrode active materials matrix surface.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, before being heat-treated, the second mixture is dried.Specifically
Ground, the temperature of drying process are 60~180 DEG C, and the time is 1~48 hour.As a result, so that solvent volatilizees completely.
S400 heat treatment
In this step, the second mixture is heat-treated, to be formed in the outer surface of positive electrode active materials matrix
Clad obtains battery anode active material.As a result, by being heat-treated so that polymer is oxidized to oxide, formation is continuous, steady
Surely the clad combined closely with positive electrode active materials matrix.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, heat treatment is carried out 10 minutes~20 hours at 400~700 DEG C.As a result,
To form the clad continuously and stably combined closely with positive electrode active materials matrix.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that above for feature and advantage described in positive electrode active materials, together
Sample is suitable for the method for preparing positive electrode active materials, and details are not described herein.
Lithium ion battery
In still another aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of lithium ion batteries.According to an embodiment of the invention, the lithium
Ion battery contains mentioned-above positive electrode active materials.Positive electrode active materials in lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention
Surface is continuously coated with metal oxide, it is possible to reduce initial stage irreversible capacity improves cycle performance, so that lithium ion battery
It can integrally make moderate progress.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that above for feature and advantage described in positive electrode active materials, together
Sample is suitable for the lithium ion battery, and details are not described herein.
The solution of the present invention is explained below in conjunction with embodiment.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that following
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Particular technique or item are not specified in embodiment
Part, it described technology or conditions or is carried out according to the literature in the art according to product description.Agents useful for same or instrument
Production firm person is not specified in device, and being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
In this embodiment, lithium ion battery is prepared in following manner:
1, aluminum nitrate is mixed with ethylene glycol, wherein the molar concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5M.
2, above-mentioned obtained mixture is reacted 10 hours at 100 DEG C, obtains high molecular polymer.
3, high molecular polymer is added in ethyl alcohol, being diluted to concentration is 0.01M.
4, the obtained dilution of upper step is mixed with nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, wherein dilution and ternary material
Mass ratio be 3:1, then dry 8 hours at 100 DEG C.
5, the obtained dried object of upper step is subjected at 550 DEG C heat treatment 400 minutes, obtains positive electrode active materials.
It 6, is that lithium ion is made in the gluing diaphragm based on PE basement membrane using positive electrode active materials, cathode as artificial graphite, diaphragm
Battery.
Embodiment 2
The obtained lithium ion battery of embodiment 1 is tested for the property.
1, it is tested under the conditions of 25 DEG C using blue electric battery test system, test voltage range 3V-4.3V, 0.1C fills
Electric discharge 2 times, 0.5C charges later, and 1C discharge cycles 50 times.50 times circulation after capacity retention ratio be greater than 94%, cycle performance compared with
Good (Fig. 3).
2, it is tested under the conditions of 25 DEG C using blue electric battery test system, test voltage range 3V-4.3V, 0.1C fills
Electric discharge 2 times, initial charge specific capacity about 230mAh/g, first discharge specific capacity about 208mAh/g, first charge discharge efficiency are greater than 90%, head
Secondary specific discharge capacity and first charge discharge efficiency are all higher (Fig. 4).
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of positive electrode active materials characterized by comprising
Positive electrode active materials matrix；And
Clad, the clad are coated on the outer surface of the positive electrode active materials matrix completely,
What the clad was at least formed by metal oxide.
2. positive electrode active materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the positive electrode active materials matrix is nickel cobalt manganese
Ternary material；
Optionally, the partial size of the positive electrode active materials matrix is 3~20 μm.
3. positive electrode active materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal oxide be selected from it is following at least it
The oxide that one metal is formed:
Li, Al, Zr, Ni, Mn, Co, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Zn, Y, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Yb, Mg, Sr and Cu, preferably Al.
4. positive electrode active materials according to claim 3, which is characterized in that form the raw material packet of the metal oxide
It includes:
Metal salt, the metal salt are the salt that the metal is formed；And
Alcohol compound；
Optionally, the alcohol compound is selected from least one of following: methanol, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerine, benzyl alcohol, different
Amylalcohol and isopropanol, preferably ethylene glycol.
5. a kind of method for preparing any one of Claims 1 to 4 positive electrode active materials characterized by comprising
The metal salt and alcohol compound are subjected to mixed processing, to obtain the first mixture；
Make first mixture that polymerization reaction occur, to obtain polymer；
The polymer and the positive electrode active materials matrix are subjected to cladding processing, to obtain the second mixture；And
Second mixture is heat-treated, to form clad in the outer surface of the positive electrode active materials matrix,
Obtain the battery anode active material.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in first mixture metal salt concentration be 0.05~
2mol/L。
7. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the polymerization reaction is to carry out 10 points at 60~120 DEG C
Clock~10 hour；
Optionally, the cladding processing time is 1 minute~2 hours；
Optionally, the heat treatment is carried out 10 minutes~20 hours at 400~700 DEG C.
8. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the method further includes:
The polymer is diluted processing using organic solvent, and by obtained dilution and the positive electrode active materials
Matrix carries out the cladding processing；
Before carrying out the heat treatment, second mixture is dried.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, in the dilution polymer concentration be 0.001~
0.1mol/L；
Optionally, the mass ratio of the dilution and positive electrode active materials matrix is (0.1~10): 1；
Optionally, the temperature of the drying process is 60~180 DEG C, and the time is 1~48 hour.
10. a kind of lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that contain the described in any item positive electrode active materials of Claims 1 to 4.
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| CN110165166A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-23 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of method of microemulsion assisted in situ coated lithium ion battery positive electrode |
| CN111048773A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 中冶瑞木新能源科技有限公司 | Core-double-shell structure composite nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material, lithium battery and vehicle |
| CN111536767A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-14 | 潍坊学院 | Integrative device of drying cooling of preparation cladding type nickel cobalt lithium manganate cathode material |
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Address after: No.8899 Xincheng Avenue, Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: SVOLT Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 213200 No. 168 Huacheng Middle Road, Jintan District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: SVOLT Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: No.8899 Xincheng Avenue, Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: SVOLT Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.8899 Xincheng Avenue, Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: SVOLT Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. |