CN109727836B

CN109727836B - X-ray tube shell, X-ray bulb tube and CT (computed tomography) equipment

Info

Publication number: CN109727836B
Application number: CN201811652718.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云华; 刘晓龙; 邹昀; 张曦
Original assignee: Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2018-12-28
Publication date: 2022-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-28
Also published as: CN109727836A

Abstract

The invention relates to a ray tube shell, an X-ray bulb tube and CT equipment. The X-ray tube housing includes: the shell body is a hollow cylinder, and the material of the shell body comprises stainless steel; the window is formed on the side wall of the shell body, a copper window is arranged at the window, and a lead-out port is formed in the copper window and used for leading out rays emitted by the X-ray tube; the titanium plate is arranged on the leading-out opening. Above-mentioned X ray tube housing, X ray bulb and CT equipment adopt the casing body of stainless steel to form the window on the casing body window department sets up the copper window, sets up the drawing-out mouth that the titanium board formed on the copper window, and the structural strength of stainless steel is high, is difficult for appearing stress deformation, and the penetrability of titanium is good and intensity is high, and the heat conductivity of copper is high, can be under the condition that does not influence the ejection rate of X ray bulb ray, and the operating temperature of greatly reduced X ray bulb has promoted the structural strength and the life of X ray bulb.

Description

X-ray tube shell, X-ray bulb tube and CT (computed tomography) equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an X-ray tube shell, an X-ray bulb tube and CT equipment.

Background

Since the advent of Computed Tomography (CT) equipment, the development of imaging technology has become extremely rapid and the equipment has been continuously updated, and it has become one of the most important imaging systems for the morphological structure of internal organs of human body. Medically, it is used to diagnose spinal and head injuries, intracranial swelling diseases, blood clots in the brain, and soft tissue injuries of the body, gastrointestinal diseases, malignant lesions of the waist and pelvis, etc. The basic process of imaging comprises the following steps: x-rays are emitted from the focal position of the X-ray tube and pass through a human body to reach the detector; the detector receives the X-ray transmitted through the layer and converts the X-ray into an energy intensity signal; the data acquisition and processing system acquires the energy intensity signals and reconstructs an original image by combining a certain algorithm. By utilizing the CT machine, a doctor can clearly observe the body tissue conditions which are difficult to display by a common X-ray film, such as cerebral hemorrhage, various micro tumors and the like, so that the clinical diagnosis level is obviously improved.

When the CT system works, the X-ray tube and the housing need to rotate at a high speed on the gantry, and at this time, the X-ray tube and the housing may bear a centrifugal force caused by acceleration in a constantly changing direction during high-speed rotation, and any component may cause a change in the focus of the X-ray tube, resulting in an image artifact; in the working process, rays emitted by the X-ray tube are emitted from the window of the shell, so that the temperature of the window is very high, the shell is greatly lost, and the service life of the shell is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide an X-ray tube housing, an X-ray tube and a CT apparatus for solving the technical problems that in the working process, the temperature of the window position is very high, the housing is greatly worn, and the service life of the housing is greatly reduced due to the fact that the radiation emitted by the X-ray tube is emitted from the window of the housing.

An X-ray tube housing, comprising:

the shell body is a hollow cylinder, and the material of the shell body comprises stainless steel;

the window is formed on the side wall of the shell body, a copper window is arranged at the window, and a lead-out port is formed in the copper window and used for leading out rays emitted by the X-ray tube;

the titanium plate is arranged on the leading-out opening.

In one embodiment, the copper window is provided with a heat dissipation groove.

In one embodiment, the cross section of the heat dissipation groove is square.

In one embodiment, the heat dissipation groove is opened around the titanium plate.

In one embodiment, the copper window is recessed towards the inside of the shell body to form the heat dissipation groove.

In one embodiment, the titanium plate and the copper window are fixedly connected by vacuum brazing.

In one embodiment, the copper window and the shell body are fixedly connected by vacuum brazing.

In one embodiment, the copper window is provided with an extraction opening at the center for extracting the rays emitted by the X-ray tube.

An X-ray tube bulb comprises an X-ray tube and the tube shell, wherein the X-ray tube is arranged in the tube shell.

A CT device comprises a rotating rack and the X-ray bulb tube, wherein the X-ray bulb tube is arranged on the rotating rack.

Above-mentioned X ray tube housing, X ray bulb and CT equipment adopt the casing body of stainless steel to form the window on the casing body window department sets up the copper window, sets up the outlet that the titanium board formed on the copper window, and stainless steel's structural strength is high, and stable in structure is difficult for appearing stress deformation, and the penetrability of titanium is good and intensity is high, and the heat conductivity of copper is high, and both combine to have greatly reduced the operating temperature of X ray bulb under the condition that does not influence the incidence rate of X ray bulb ray, have promoted the structural strength and the life of X ray bulb.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an X-ray tube housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

The X-ray tube is composed of a metal shell, a cathode component and an anode component, wherein a filament of the cathode component is electrified to generate thermoelectrons, electrons move at high speed in a high-vacuum middle shell to impact an anode target surface under the drive of high-voltage electric fields at two ends of the cathode and the anode, X-rays are generated through bremsstrahlung, the X-rays are emitted through a window, less than 1% of energy of the high-speed electrons is converted into X-ray energy, and the rest of the energy is converted into heat energy, so that how to enable the X-ray tube to operate in a high-temperature environment for a long time is a long-term subject of research and application in the field of the X-ray tube.

The window part of the X-ray tube bears the high-temperature heat radiation of the target surface because of being close to the electron impact point, and simultaneously, a large amount of sputtering secondary electrons generated after the electrons impact the target surface fall on the window part of the metal shell, so that the heat load of the window is further increased, and the working temperature is higher.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an X-ray tube housing according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the present embodiment, the X-ray tube housing comprises a housing body 10, a window and a titanium plate 12.

In this embodiment, the housing body 10 is a hollow cylinder, and the material of the housing body 10 includes stainless steel. When the CT system works, the X-ray tube and the shell need to rotate on the machine frame at a high speed, at the moment, the X-ray tube and the shell can bear centrifugal force caused by acceleration in a constantly changing direction during high-speed rotation, any part can possibly cause the change of a focus of the X-ray tube to cause image artifacts, and the stainless steel has high structural strength, stable structure and difficult stress deformation, can keep stable structure under high-speed rotation, and avoids the image artifacts caused by the stress deformation and the focus change. In other embodiments, the housing body 10 may be made of other materials, and only the material with high structural strength needs to be selected.

Specifically, the window 11 is formed in the side wall of the housing body 10, a copper window 11 is disposed at the window, and a lead-out opening is formed in the center of the copper window 11 and used for leading out the rays emitted by the X-ray tube. In this embodiment, the copper window 11 is provided with a heat sink 111. In the present embodiment, the cross section of the heat dissipation groove 111 is square. It is understood that in other embodiments, the cross section of the heat dissipation groove 111 may also be circular, oval or other shapes, so as to increase the heat dissipation area and enhance the heat dissipation effect. In this embodiment, choose copper as the material of copper window 11 for use, it can be understood that the heat conductivity of copper is high, has seted up radiating groove 111 simultaneously, can play good radiating effect in the course of the work to avoid operating temperature too high to influence equipment life. It will be appreciated that other materials may be provided at the window, as long as a material having a relatively high thermal conductivity is selected. Specifically, the copper window 11 is recessed toward the inside of the housing body 10 to form the heat dissipation groove 111. In other embodiments, the copper window 11 may be recessed toward the outside of the housing body 10 to form the heat dissipation groove 111, and at this time, the heat dissipation groove 111 faces the inside of the housing body 10, so that the effect of increasing the heat dissipation area and enhancing the heat dissipation can be achieved.

In the present embodiment, the cross section of the copper window 11 is square. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the copper window 11 may be circular, elliptical or other shapes, as long as an exit opening is provided to extract the radiation emitted by the X-ray tube.

Specifically, the heat dissipation groove 111 is provided around the titanium plate 12, so as to dissipate heat of the titanium plate 12 during operation.

In this embodiment, the copper window 11 and the housing body 10 are fixedly connected by vacuum brazing. It can be understood that the vacuum brazing can be high-temperature brazing or low-temperature brazing, and only the effect that the structural strength of the connecting position of the copper window 11 and the shell body 10 is high and the vacuum leakage rate is low is achieved. In other embodiments, the copper window 11 and the housing body 10 may be fixedly connected in other manners, and only the effect of high structural strength and low vacuum leakage rate at the connecting position of the copper window 11 and the housing body 10 is achieved.

In this embodiment, the titanium plate 12 is disposed at the position of the extraction opening for extracting the radiation emitted from the X-ray tube. It can be understood that the titanium has good penetrability, high strength and no toxicity, is arranged at the leading-out port, does not influence the ray emission rate of the X-ray bulb tube, and simultaneously can keep stable structural strength at high temperature in the working process. In this embodiment, the cross section of the lead-out opening is square. It will be appreciated that the cross-section of the exit port may also be circular, elliptical or other shapes, as long as the effect of extracting the radiation emitted by the X-ray tube is achieved.

It will be appreciated that the majority of the radiation emitted by the X-ray tube is extracted through the exit opening and that some of the radiation also exits through the copper window 11.

In this embodiment, the titanium plate 12 and the copper window 11 are fixedly connected by vacuum brazing. It can be understood that the vacuum brazing can be high-temperature brazing or low-temperature brazing, and only the effects that the structural strength of the connecting position of the titanium plate 12 and the copper window 11 is high and the vacuum leakage rate is low are achieved. In other embodiments, the fixed connection between the titanium plate 12 and the copper window 11 can be realized in other manners, and only the effects of high structural strength and low vacuum leakage rate at the connection position of the titanium plate 12 and the copper window 11 are achieved.

The invention also discloses an X-ray bulb tube, which comprises an X-ray tube and the X-ray tube shell, wherein the X-ray tube is arranged in the X-ray tube shell.

Specifically, the X-ray tube comprises a cathode assembly and an anode assembly, wherein a filament of the cathode assembly is electrified to generate hot electrons, the electrons move at high speed in a high-vacuum middle shell to impact an anode target surface under the drive of high-voltage electric fields at two ends of the cathode and the anode, X-rays are generated through bremsstrahlung, and the X-rays are emitted through a window.

The X-ray tube comprises an anode and a cathode, and respectively comprises a target for receiving electron bombardment and a filament for emitting electrons. Both stages are sealed within a high vacuum glass or ceramic housing. The power supply part of the X-ray tube at least comprises a low-voltage power supply for heating the filament and a high-voltage generator for applying high voltage to the two poles. Illustratively, the low voltage power supply for heating the filament is suspended at a high voltage of negative polarity, e.g., -70kv at one end and-70.015 kv at the other end, with a difference of about 10-15V between the two ends, for heating the filament. The tungsten filament of the cathode is burnt into a spiral shape, and the tungsten filament is electrified to burn and release free electrons. When the tungsten filament is passed through sufficient current to produce a cloud of electrons and sufficient voltage (in the order of kilovolts) is applied between the anode and cathode, the cloud of electrons is drawn toward the anode. The electrons impact the anode target in a high-energy and high-speed state, the high-speed electrons reach the target surface, the motion is suddenly stopped, a small part of the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into radiation energy, the radiation energy is emitted in the form of X-rays, and the radiation generated in the form is called bremsstrahlung radiation. Changing the magnitude of the filament current changes the temperature of the filament and the amount of electron emission, thereby changing the magnitude of the tube current and the X-ray intensity. Changing the X-ray tube excitation potential or selecting different targets can change the energy of the incident X-rays or the intensity at different energies.

The invention also discloses CT equipment which comprises the X-ray bulb tube.

Specifically, the X-ray tube is mounted on the rotating gantry.

Above-mentioned X ray tube housing, X ray bulb and CT equipment adopt stainless steel's casing body 10 to form the window on casing body 10 window department sets up copper window 11, sets up the drawing-out mouth that titanium board 12 formed on copper window 11, and stainless steel's structural strength is high, and stable in structure is difficult for appearing stress deformation, and the penetrability of titanium is good and intensity is high, and copper's heat conductivity is high, and both combine to be can under the condition that does not influence the incidence rate of X ray bulb ray, greatly reduced the operating temperature of X ray bulb, promoted the structural strength and the life of X ray bulb.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An X-ray tube housing, comprising:

the window is formed on the side wall of the shell body, a copper window is arranged at the window and provided with a leading-out port for leading out rays emitted by the X-ray tube, and the copper window is provided with a heat dissipation groove formed by sinking towards the inside of the shell body;

the titanium plate is arranged at the leading-out port; the heat dissipation groove is formed around the titanium plate.

2. The X-ray tube housing according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink is square in cross-section.

3. The X-ray tube housing according to claim 1, wherein the titanium plate and the copper window are fixedly connected by vacuum brazing.

4. The X-ray tube housing according to claim 1, wherein the copper window is fixedly connected to the housing body by vacuum brazing.

5. The X-ray tube housing of claim 1, wherein the copper window has an exit opening at a center thereof for exiting radiation emitted by the X-ray tube.

6. An X-ray tube comprising an X-ray tube and an X-ray tube housing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the X-ray tube being arranged in the X-ray tube housing.

7. A CT apparatus comprising a rotating gantry and an X-ray tube according to claim 6, said X-ray tube being mounted on said rotating gantry.