CN109724511A - A kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy and its device - Google Patents
A kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy and its device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quadratic phase error compensation methodes of Digital holographic microscopy, include the following steps, the hologram for acquiring object under test is original hologram；The original hologram is done into geometric transformation operation and obtains transformation hologram；+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted to the frequency spectrum of original hologram, the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed, is then converted to original expansion phase diagram+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted to the frequency spectrum of transformation hologram, removes the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum, is then converted to transformation expansion phase diagramBy original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains the compensated phase diagram of quadratic phase error to original expansion phase diagram.A kind of quadratic phase error compensation device, including acquisition module, conversion module, first processing module, Second processing module and compensating module.The advantage is that: the present invention can simply and accurately eliminate quadratic phase error by geometric transformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical imagery alignment technique fields, and in particular to a kind of quadratic phase error of Digital holographic microscopy
Compensation method and its device.
Background technique
In conventional digital holographic microscope system, the lateral of quantitative phase measurement can be improved using microcobjective and differentiate
Rate, however the use of microcobjective will cause object light optical path and the corrugated of reference light optical path mismatches, and introduces quadratic phase error,
Influence the accuracy of quantitative phase measurement.
Accurate phase distribution in order to obtain eliminates micro- object using physical compensation method and numerical compensation method in the prior art
The quadratic phase error that mirror introduces.In physical compensation method, telecentric structure is can be used in object light optical path, can also be drawn in reference light optical path
Enter an identical magnification objective, a lens or an electric control varifocal lens.However, physical compensation method needs to introduce additionally
Optical element not only increases system cost, but also needs more complicated and accurate calibration.In addition, there have scholar to propose to be coaxial
Digital holographic microscopy system can also effectively eliminate quadratic phase error.On the contrary, numerical compensation method is in numerical reconstruction process
It is middle to remove quadratic phase error using digital phase compensation template.Pass through system parameter and hologram spectrum analysis, numerical fitting
Operation, or acquisition no sample hologram, available digital phase compensation template.However above-mentioned method needs preparatory system
With the acquisition of sample knowledge, additional numerical fitting operation or secondary acquisition operation.Numerical fitting operation is vulnerable to noise shadow
It rings, and secondary acquisition operation is not suitable for dynamic phasing measurement.Some scholars propose wavefront method for folding to eliminate quadratic phase
Error.Recently, scholar proposes the error compensating method based on deep learning, but this method needs a large amount of training data to obtain
To digital phase compensation template.
Chinese patent [CN 107677201A] discloses " the quick slant phase error compensation method based on wavefront rotation
And device, " patent it is solved the technical issues of be eliminate Digital holographic microscopy in slanted phase error.The technology proposed
Scheme is that hologram is rotated 180 °, obtains rotation hologram, then subtracts the phase of+1 grade of spectrum recovery of original hologram
The phase that -1 grade of information frequency spectrum of hologram restores is rotated, to eliminate slanted phase error.The technical solution can not eliminate phase diagram
In quadratic phase error.
Therefore, in the measurement of Digital holographic microscopy quantitative phase, it would be desirable to find a kind of simple and accurately secondary
The method of phase error compensation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of that present invention to provide the two of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy
Secondary phase error compensation method and device thereof.The present invention can simply and accurately eliminate quadratic phase mistake by geometric transformation
Difference.
A kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
S0, the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
S1, the original hologram progress geometric transformation operation is obtained into transformation hologram；
S2, the original hologram progress phase recovery is handled to obtain original expansion phase diagramTo the change
Hologram progress phase recovery is changed to handle to obtain transformation expansion phase diagram
S3, by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains to original expansion phase
The compensated phase diagram of the quadratic phase error of figure.
The step of phase recovery in step s 2 is handled specifically :+1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted to the frequency spectrum of original hologram,
The slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed, original expansion phase diagram is then converted toTo the frequency spectrum of transformation hologram
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted, the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed, is then converted to transformation expansion phase diagram
Preferably, geometric transformation described in step S1 is 180 ° of transformation of rotation.
Preferably, geometric transformation described in step S1 is transposed transform.
Preferably, geometric transformation described in step S1 is to spin upside down transformation or left and right is turning-over changed.
Preferably, the frequency spectrum of hologram is obtained in step S2 by Fourier transform；
The slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed by the method that spectral centroid translates；
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum for eliminating slanted phase error progress inverse Fourier transform is obtained into wrapped phase, passes through unpacking
Algorithm obtains expansion phase diagram.
A kind of quadratic phase error compensation device of Digital holographic microscopy, comprising:
Acquisition module, the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
Conversion module obtains transformation hologram for the original hologram to be done geometric transformation operation；
First processing module handles to obtain original expansion phase diagram for carrying out phase recovery to the original hologramThe phase recovery processing is the following steps are included: extract+1 grade of frequency spectrum ,+1 grade of frequency spectrum of removal to the frequency spectrum of original hologram
In slanted phase error, be then converted to original expansion phase diagram
Second processing module handles to obtain transformation expansion phase diagram for carrying out phase recovery to the transformation hologramThe phase recovery processing is the following steps are included: extract+1 grade of frequency spectrum ,+1 grade of frequency spectrum of removal to the frequency spectrum of transformation hologram
In slanted phase error, be then converted to transformation expansion phase diagram
Compensating module, for by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains to original
Begin the expansion compensated phase diagram of phase diagram.
Preferably, the acquisition module includes Digital holographic microscopy system, and the Digital holographic microscopy system includes
CCD camera.
A kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy of the present invention and its device, advantage exist
In it is original hologram that the present invention, which only needs the hologram of one width object under test of acquisition, and original hologram geometric transformation is obtained
Hologram is converted, obtains original expansion phase diagram after doing phase recovery processing to two width holograms respectivelyPhase is unfolded with transformation
FigureBy original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other to obtain to the compensated phase of original expansion phase diagram
Bitmap eliminates the original expansion phase diagram of quadratic phase error.
The present invention is without introducing additional optical element, and system cost is low and without carrying out complicated calibration, and operation is opposite
It is convenient.
The present invention is not necessarily to that the parameter information of system is known in advance and carries out a large amount of fitted data operation, can be simple and accurate
Carry out digital holographic microscopic imaging in quadratic phase error compensation, can be suitably used for real-time quantitative phase imaging.
The present invention can accurately eliminate the quadratic phase error in phase diagram by way of a variety of geometric transformations, can basis
The corresponding geometric transformation of the selections such as the shape of object under test and position, has selectable flexibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart of the quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural block diagram of the quadratic phase error compensation device of Digital holographic microscopy of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the phase distribution figure of simulation object under test microballoon is provided in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the original hologram of the object under test in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the original expansion phase diagram of the object under test in the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the rotation transformation hologram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 7 is the rotation transformation expansion phase diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 8 is the phase diagram without quadratic phase error restored in embodiment 1 by rotation transformation；
Fig. 9 is the phase outline distribution map of the phase that embodiment 1 is restored and actual phase along graticule a-quadrant；
Figure 10 is that embodiment 2 spins upside down transformation hologram；
Figure 11 is that phase diagram is unfolded in the transformation that spins upside down of embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the phase diagram without quadratic phase error restored in embodiment 2 by spinning upside down transformation；
Figure 13 is the phase outline distribution map of the phase restored in embodiment 2 and actual phase along graticule a-quadrant；
Figure 14 is the turning-over changed hologram in left and right of embodiment 3；
Figure 15 is the turning-over changed expansion phase diagram in left and right of embodiment 3；
Figure 16 is in embodiment 3 by turning-over changed the restored phase diagram without quadratic phase error in left and right；
Figure 17 is the phase outline distribution map of the phase restored in embodiment 3 and actual phase along graticule a-quadrant；
Figure 18 is the transposed transform hologram in embodiment 4；
Figure 19 is the transposed transform expansion phase diagram in embodiment 4；
Figure 20 is the phase diagram without quadratic phase error restored in embodiment 4 by transposed transform；
Figure 21 is the phase outline distribution map of the phase restored in embodiment 4 and actual phase along graticule a-quadrant.
Description of symbols: 201- acquisition module, 202- conversion module, 203- first processing module, 204- second processing
Module, 205- compensating module.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy of the present invention, including it is following
Step:
S0, the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
S1, the original hologram is done geometric transformation operation obtain transformation hologram；
S2, the original hologram progress phase recovery is handled to obtain original expansion phase diagramTo the change
Hologram progress phase recovery is changed to handle to obtain transformation expansion phase diagram
S3, by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains to original expansion phase
Scheme compensated phase diagram.
The step of phase recovery in step s 2 is handled specifically :+1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted to the frequency spectrum of original hologram,
The slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed, original expansion phase diagram is then converted toTo the frequency spectrum of transformation hologram
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted, the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed, is then converted to transformation expansion phase diagram
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment the following steps are included:
Step S101, using the hologram of Digital holographic microscopy system acquisition object under test, as original hologram；
Specifically, the present embodiment is to be shown using Digital holographic microscopy system as system structure using the digital hologram
The hologram of CCD camera acquisition object under test in micro-system, as original hologram.
The original hologram is done 180 ° of map functions of rotation, obtains a width digital reference hologram, make by step S102
To convert hologram；
Specifically, the present invention need to only acquire a width hologram, the hologram then be done 180 ° of map functions of rotation, i.e.,
Another width digital reference hologram can be obtained, as transformation hologram.
Step S103 carries out at phase recovery the original hologram using fourier transform method in Digital holographic microscopy
Reason, obtains original expansion phase diagram
Specifically, two-dimension fourier transform is carried out to the original hologram and obtains the frequency spectrum of the original hologram, and
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted, removal slanted phase error is translated by spectral centroid, inverse Fourier transform is then carried out and obtains package phase
Position, obtains original expansion phase diagram by unwrapping algorithm
Step S104 carries out at phase recovery the transformation hologram using fourier transform method in Digital holographic microscopy
Reason obtains transformation expansion phase diagram
Specifically, two-dimension fourier transform is carried out to the rotation hologram and obtains the frequency spectrum of the rotation hologram, and
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted, removal slanted phase error is translated by spectral centroid, inverse Fourier transform is then carried out and obtains package phase
Position obtains transformation expansion phase diagram by unwrapping algorithm
Step S105, by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with the transformationSubtract each other, obtains to described
The compensated phase diagram of original expansion phase diagram.
Specifically, the compensated phase diagram refers to the original expansion phase diagram for eliminating quadratic phase error.By
Microcobjective is used in the Digital holographic microscopy system that we use, so the object phase distribution restored can introduce secondary phase
Position error；And the method that the application mentions rotates hologram before and after 180 ° of transformation according to quadratic phase error geometric transformation characteristic
The phase distribution of recovery is distributed with identical quadratic phase error, so the quadratic phase error can be removed by subtracting each other, is obtained
The original phase distribution of object.
In order to test the validity of the quadratic phase compensation method based on 180 ° of transformation of rotation, the embodiment of the present invention chooses mould
Quasi- microballoon obtains corresponding quadratic phase error compensation result as object under test.Fig. 3 is the phase distribution of the microballoon of simulation,
Fig. 4 is the original hologram of object under test, after doing 180 ° of transformation of rotation to original hologram, obtains rotation transformation hologram difference
As shown in Figure 6.+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is extracted respectively using Fourier transform to the hologram, obtained expansion phase distribution is such as
Shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, according to the proposed method, the compensated phase distribution of quadratic phase error is as shown in Figure 8.In order to test
The validity for demonstrate,proving this method is distributed as shown in Figure 9 along the phase outline of graticule A, it can be seen that based on 180 ° of transformation of rotation
Numerical compensation method can effectively remove quadratic phase error, obtain accurate phase distribution.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 is same as Example 1 on steps flow chart, and difference is the original hologram in step S102
Map function is spun upside down, a width digital reference hologram is obtained, as transformation hologram.
In order to test the validity based on the quadratic phase compensation method for spinning upside down transformation, the present embodiment chooses simulation
Microballoon obtains corresponding quadratic phase error compensation result as object under test.Fig. 3 is the phase distribution of the microballoon of simulation, Fig. 4
For the original hologram of object under test, after spinning upside down transformation to original hologram, obtain spinning upside down transformation hologram point
Not not as shown in Figure 10.+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum, obtained expansion phase point are extracted respectively using Fourier transform to the hologram
Cloth such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 11, according to the proposed method, the compensated phase distribution of quadratic phase error is as shown in figure 12.
It in order to verify the validity of this method, is distributed along the phase outline of graticule A as shown in figure 13, it can be seen that based on turning over up and down
Quadratic phase error can be effectively removed by changing the numerical compensation method changed, and obtain accurate phase distribution.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 is same as Example 1 on steps flow chart, and difference is the original hologram in step S102
The turning-over changed operation in left and right is done, a width digital reference hologram is obtained, as transformation hologram.
In order to test the validity based on the turning-over changed quadratic phase compensation method in left and right, the present embodiment chooses simulation
Microballoon obtains corresponding quadratic phase error compensation result as object under test.Fig. 3 is the phase distribution of the microballoon of simulation, Fig. 4
For the original hologram of object under test, to original hologram do left and right it is turning-over changed after, obtain the turning-over changed hologram in left and right point
Not not as shown in figure 14.+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum, obtained expansion phase point are extracted respectively using Fourier transform to the hologram
Cloth such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 15, according to the proposed method, the compensated phase distribution of quadratic phase error is as shown in figure 16.
In order to verify the validity of this method, it is distributed along the phase outline of graticule A as shown in figure 17, it can be seen that turned over based on left and right
Quadratic phase error can be effectively removed by changing the numerical compensation method changed, and obtain accurate phase distribution.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 is same as Example 1 on steps flow chart, and difference is the original hologram in step S102
Transposed transform operation is done, a width digital reference hologram is obtained, as transformation hologram.
In order to test the validity of the quadratic phase compensation method based on transposed transform, the present embodiment chooses the microballoon of simulation
Corresponding quadratic phase error compensation result is obtained as object under test.Fig. 3 be simulation microballoon phase distribution, Fig. 4 be to
After doing transposed transform to original hologram, it is as shown in figure 18 to obtain transposed transform hologram difference for the original hologram for surveying object.
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum, obtained expansion phase distribution such as Fig. 5, Tu19Suo are extracted respectively using Fourier transform to the hologram
Show, according to the proposed method, the compensated phase distribution of quadratic phase error is as shown in figure 20.In order to verify this method
Validity, be distributed along the phase outline of graticule A as shown in figure 21, it can be seen that the numerical compensation method based on transposed transform
Quadratic phase error can be effectively removed, accurate phase distribution is obtained.
In summary four embodiments it can be concluded that, it is of the invention based on geometric transformation elimination quadratic phase error side
Method can effectively remove quadratic phase error.And geometric transformation of the present invention includes at least above-mentioned four kinds of embodiments, i.e.,
180 ° of rotation spins upside down, controls overturning and transposition, and it is secondary to prove that four kinds of geometric transformations effectively remove in an experiment
Phase error obtains accurate phase distribution.
And four kinds of above-mentioned embodiments can select corresponding geometry to become according to the shape of object under test and position
It changes, has selectable flexibility.The rectangle of object under test is shown that picture frame is divided into four rectangular areas, respectively upper right, the right side
Under, upper left and the region of lower-left four.When object under test is located at some single region, then four kinds of geometric transform methods can fit
With.When object under test is located at the upper left and right regions or lower-left and when lower right area of display picture frame simultaneously, then spin upside down
Geometric transform method is more applicable in.When object under test is located at upper left and lower-left or upper right and lower right area simultaneously, then left and right is turned over
The geometric transform method turned is more applicable in.When object under test is located at the near center location of display picture frame, then 180 ° are rotated
Geometric transform method is more applicable in.When object under test is located at upper left and lower right area simultaneously or is located at upper right and lower left region simultaneously
When, the geometric transform method of transposition is more applicable in.
The invention also proposes a kind of quadratic phase compensation device using above-mentioned quadratic phase compensation method, packets
It includes:
Acquisition module 201, the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
Conversion module 202 obtains transformation hologram for the original hologram to be done geometric transformation operation；
First processing module 203 handles to obtain original expansion phase for carrying out phase recovery to the original hologram
Bitmap
Second processing module 204 handles to obtain transformation expansion phase for carrying out phase recovery to the transformation hologram
Bitmap
Compensating module 205, for by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains pair
The compensated phase diagram of original expansion phase diagram.
The first processing module 203 and Second processing module 204 is carried out at phase recovery by Fourier transform
Reason；The Fourier transform obtains the frequency spectrum of hologram the following steps are included: carrying out Fourier transform to hologram, and mentions
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum is taken, the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed by the method that spectral centroid translates；Then inverse Fourier is carried out
Leaf transformation obtains wrapped phase, obtains expansion phase diagram by unwrapping algorithm.
The acquisition module 201 includes Digital holographic microscopy system, and the Digital holographic microscopy system includes CCD phase
Machine.
The quadratic phase compensation method can be effectively realized by above-mentioned quadratic phase compensation device.
For those skilled in the art, it can make other each according to the above description of the technical scheme and ideas
The corresponding change of kind and deformation, and all these changes and deformation all should belong to the protection model of the claims in the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of quadratic phase error compensation method of Digital holographic microscopy, comprising the following steps:
S0, the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
S1, the original hologram progress geometric transformation operation is obtained into transformation hologram；
S2, the original hologram progress phase recovery is handled to obtain original expansion phase diagramIt is complete to the transformation
Breath figure carries out phase recovery and handles to obtain transformation expansion phase diagram
S3, by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains to original expansion phase diagram
The compensated phase diagram of quadratic phase error；
It is characterized in that, the step of phase recovery in step s 2 is handled specifically: extract+1 to the frequency spectrum of original hologram
Grade frequency spectrum, removes the slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum, is then converted to original expansion phase diagramTo transformation hologram
Frequency spectrum extract+1 grade of frequency spectrum, remove+1 grade of frequency spectrum in slanted phase error, be then converted to transformation expansion phase diagram
2. the quadratic phase error compensation method of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Geometric transformation described in S1 is 180 ° of transformation of rotation.
3. the quadratic phase error compensation method of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Geometric transformation described in S1 is transposed transform.
4. the quadratic phase error compensation method of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Geometric transformation described in S1 is to spin upside down transformation or left and right is turning-over changed.
5. the quadratic phase error compensation method of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy according to claim 1, pass through Fu in step S2
Vertical leaf transformation obtains the frequency spectrum of hologram；
The slanted phase error in+1 grade of frequency spectrum is removed by the method that spectral centroid translates；
+ 1 grade of frequency spectrum for eliminating slanted phase error progress inverse Fourier transform is obtained into wrapped phase, passes through unwrapping algorithm
Obtain expansion phase diagram.
6. a kind of device of the quadratic phase error compensation method using any Digital holographic microscopy of claim 1-5,
It is characterized in that, comprising:
Acquisition module (201), the hologram for acquiring object under test are original hologram；
Conversion module (202) obtains transformation hologram for the original hologram to be done geometric transformation operation；
First processing module (203) handles to obtain original expansion phase for carrying out phase recovery to the original hologram
FigureThe phase recovery processing is the following steps are included: extract+1 grade of frequency spectrum ,+1 grade of frequency of removal to the frequency spectrum of original hologram
Then slanted phase error in spectrum is converted to original expansion phase diagram
Second processing module (204) handles to obtain transformation expansion phase for carrying out phase recovery to the transformation hologram
FigureThe phase recovery processing is the following steps are included: extract+1 grade of frequency spectrum ,+1 grade of frequency of removal to the frequency spectrum of transformation hologram
Then slanted phase error in spectrum is converted to transformation expansion phase diagram
Compensating module (205), for by the original expansion phase diagramPhase diagram is unfolded with transformationSubtract each other, obtains to original
Begin the expansion compensated phase diagram of phase diagram.
7. the quadratic phase error compensation device of a kind of Digital holographic microscopy according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Acquisition module (201) include Digital holographic microscopy system, the Digital holographic microscopy system includes CCD camera.
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Application publication date: 20190507 |