CN109723568B - Nozzle structure for changing nozzle outlet area by sliding mode - Google Patents
Nozzle structure for changing nozzle outlet area by sliding mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spray pipe structure for changing the area of a spray pipe outlet in a sliding mode, which comprises a spray pipe body, wherein the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe outlet, the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe convergent section at a position close to the spray pipe outlet, and the spray pipe convergent section is divided into two parts, namely a spray pipe convergent section front section and a spray pipe convergent section rear section; the front section of the spray pipe convergent section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergent section are connected through a sliding connection structure. Therefore, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe can be adjusted by simple reciprocating sliding; the device has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, easy realization, small flow loss, obvious benefit and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spray pipe, in particular to a structure for changing the outlet area of the spray pipe in a sliding mode.
Background
Because of simple structure, light weight and better performance in the range of the pressure drop ratio less than 5, the convergent nozzle has wide application in the aircraft engine which flies at subsonic speed or only flies at transient supersonic speed. To better meet the expansion requirements of the engine exhaust stream, it is sometimes necessary to adjust the outlet area of the convergent nozzle. At present, the common adjustment mode is to change the position of the rear end point of the nozzle by rotating the nozzle convergent section around the front end pivot of the nozzle by using a power driving device, so as to change the outlet area of the nozzle. Generally, the forward end of the nozzle convergent section is rounded to reduce flow losses. When the radius of curvature of the fillet is too large, if the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is continuously adjusted by adopting the rotating mode, the inner profile transition of the spray pipe is poor, and the flow loss is increased. For the adjustable double-throat nozzle, the adjustment of the nozzle outlet area is also realized by the movement of the concave cavity convergent section, and the same problem exists. Therefore, the new structure which has small flow loss and simple structure and can change the outlet area of the spray pipe has stronger engineering application value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention provides a structure for changing the area of the outlet of the spray pipe in a sliding mode, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe can be adjusted only by simply sliding the convergent section (or the concave cavity convergent section) of the spray pipe back and forth.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a spray pipe structure for changing the area of a spray pipe outlet in a sliding mode comprises a spray pipe body, wherein the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe outlet, a spray pipe convergence section is arranged at the position, close to the spray pipe outlet, of the spray pipe body, and the spray pipe convergence section is divided into two parts, namely a spray pipe convergence section front section and a spray pipe convergence section rear section; the front section of the spray pipe convergent section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergent section are connected through a sliding connection structure.
Furthermore, the sliding connection structure comprises a U-shaped sliding chute, a sliding block and a guiding and limiting structure;
the sliding block is arranged in the U-shaped sliding groove and can form a sliding pair with the U-shaped sliding groove;
the guide limiting structure can guide and position the U-shaped sliding groove and the sliding block to slide relatively, and comprises a guide clamping groove and a positioning lug which are matched for use.
Furthermore, the U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, namely an outer side arm and an inner side arm;
the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, and the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, an external embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and an internal embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove;
the guide clamping groove is arranged on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the length extending direction of the guide clamping groove is consistent with that of the outer side arm; one end of the positioning lug is provided with an end part lug, and the other end of the positioning lug penetrates through the guide clamping groove and is connected with the surface of the external embedding platform;
when the sliding blocks move in the U-shaped sliding groove in opposite directions and are guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is minimum, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is maximum, and at the moment, the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove is embedded in the embedded platform, so that the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the step surface of the embedded platform can be spliced to form a smooth engagement surface; meanwhile, the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is embedded in the outer embedding platform, so that the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute and the step surface of the outer embedding platform can be spliced into a smooth engaging surface;
when the sliding block moves back and forth in the U-shaped sliding groove and is guided to the second limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is maximum, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is minimum.
Furthermore, the U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, namely an outer side arm and an inner side arm;
the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm, and meanwhile, the end part of the inner side arm is arranged into a slope structure and is provided with an end slope;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, is provided with an outer embedding platform, and the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, is provided with an inner concave embedding groove;
the side wall of the front end of the embedded groove is set as a front sliding table, and the side wall of the rear end is set as a rear clamping hook;
the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove comprises a vertical wall surface and an inclined plate, one end of the vertical wall surface is connected with the bottom of the embedded groove, and the other end of the vertical wall surface is connected with the inclined plate to form a hook-shaped part;
the bottom of the embedded groove is provided with a compensating arc-shaped connecting piece through an elastic connecting piece;
the two ends of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece in the sliding direction are both provided with slope structures, namely a front slope and a rear slope; the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is always positioned in the rear clamping hook of the inner embedded groove, and the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is attached to the inclined plate of the rear clamping hook;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves oppositely relative to the bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the spray pipe convergence section is minimum, the area of the spray pipe outlet is maximum, and the inner wall of the spray pipe convergence section can be spliced into a smooth joint surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove; in the sliding process, the front end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is lifted under the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, the elastic connecting piece is extruded until the whole filling arc-shaped connecting piece is positioned above the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, and the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is attached to and aligned with the surface of the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves back to back relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a second extreme position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the spray pipe convergent section is the largest, the area of the spray pipe outlet is the smallest, and the inner wall of the spray pipe convergent section is spliced into a smooth joint surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece and the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove; in the sliding process, the front end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped after being separated from the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the groove bottom of the inner embedding groove can be smoothly popped out under the action of restoring force of the elastic connecting piece through the guiding of the sliding table at the front part of the inner embedding groove until the front end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped and is attached to and aligned with the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the rear end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped and is attached to and aligned with the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the inner embedding groove.
Furthermore, the closed end of the U-shaped chute is integrally arranged with the front section of the nozzle convergent section, and the slide block is integrally arranged with the rear section of the nozzle convergent section.
Further, the nozzle body is also provided with a nozzle inlet; the inlet of the spray pipe is connected with the outlet of the spray pipe through the front fixing section and the convergent section of the spray pipe in sequence; the nozzle circular arc section AB at the separation position of the front section of the nozzle convergent section and the rear section of the nozzle convergent section on the nozzle convergent section is limited by the length and the included angle of the middle straight section of the front fixed section of the nozzle and the middle straight section of the nozzle convergent section; the guide clamping groove is positioned on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the limit position of the arc is determined by the arc length of the circular arc section AB of the nozzle fillet.
Furthermore, the nozzle body is a double-throat nozzle which also comprises a throat; the nozzle convergent section of the double-throat nozzle close to the nozzle outlet is a double-throat nozzle cavity convergent section; the concave cavity convergent section of the double-throat nozzle is connected with a throat through an expanded front fixing section of the double-throat nozzle.
Furthermore, the guide clamping groove is a rectangular arc-shaped hole.
Further, the elastic connecting piece is a compression spring.
Further, the arc-shaped connecting piece, the front section of the spray pipe convergent section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergent section have the same curvature radius of inner profiles of the three, when the slide block is located at the second limit position in the U-shaped slide groove, the inner profiles of the arc-shaped sections of the front section of the spray pipe convergent section, the arc-shaped connecting piece and the rear section of the spray pipe convergent section are spliced together to form the inner profile of the spray pipe convergent section, and the transition at each splicing position is smooth.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention divides the convergent section of the spray pipe which is arranged close to the outlet of the spray pipe into two parts at the place with the maximum radian, and the two parts are connected by adopting a sliding connection structure; therefore, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe can be adjusted by simple reciprocating sliding. The invention has simple and reasonable structure, easy realization, small flow loss, obvious benefit and strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nozzle front fixing section in example 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a convergent section of the nozzle in embodiment 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle convergent section in another working state in embodiment 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the double throat nozzle of embodiment 1.
In fig. 1 to 5: 1. a nozzle inlet; 2. a nozzle outlet; 3. a fixed section at the front of the nozzle; 3-1, a guide clamping groove; 3-2, an outer side arm of the U-shaped chute; 3-3, inner side arms of the U-shaped sliding grooves; 4. the front part of the double-throat spray pipe is provided with a fixed section; 5. a nozzle convergent section; 5-1, lugs outside the nozzle convergent section; 5-2, embedding the platform; 5-3, externally embedding the platform; 6. a concave cavity convergence section of the double-throat nozzle; 6-1, lugs on the outer side of the front end of the cavity converging section of the double-throat spray pipe; 7. the nozzle symmetry plane (binary) or the central axis (axisymmetric); 8. a throat of the dual throat nozzle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nozzle front fixing section in embodiment 2
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a convergent section of the nozzle in embodiment 2.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a circular arc-shaped compression spring assembly connected to the nozzle convergent section in embodiment 2.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the nozzle in the maximum outlet area state in embodiment 2.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the double throat nozzle in accordance with example 2.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the configuration of embodiment 2 of the present invention applied to a double throat nozzle in which the nozzle exit area is maximized.
In fig. 6 to 12: 1. a nozzle inlet; 2. a nozzle outlet; 3. a fixed section at the front of the nozzle; 3-1, a guide clamping groove; 3-2, an outer side arm of the U-shaped chute; 3-3, inner side arms of the U-shaped sliding grooves; 3-4, end slope surfaces of inner side arms of the U-shaped sliding chutes; 4. the front part of the double-throat spray pipe is provided with a fixed section; 5. a nozzle convergent section; 5-1, lugs outside the nozzle convergent section; 5-2, embedding grooves; 5-3, externally embedding the platform; 5-4, a front sliding table of an embedded groove; 5-5, a rear clamping hook of the embedded groove; 6. a concave cavity convergence section of the double-throat nozzle; 6-1, lugs on the outer side of the front end of the cavity converging section of the double-throat spray pipe; 7. the nozzle symmetry plane (binary) or the central axis (axisymmetric); 8. a throat of the dual throat nozzle; 9. the arc-shaped connecting piece is connected with the spray pipe convergence section; 9-1, the front end slope surface of the arc-shaped connecting piece; 9-2, the rear end slope surface of the arc-shaped connecting piece; 10. the arc-shaped connecting piece is connected with the concave cavity convergence section of the double-throat spray pipe; 11. a compression spring; 12. a straight line segment which is emitted from the point T and is parallel to the symmetrical plane or the central axis of the spray pipe; o, the curvature center of the circular arc section of the nozzle fillet; A. the intersection point (i.e. tangent point) of the middle straight section and the circular arc section in the front fixed section of the spray pipe (double-throat spray pipe); B. the intersection point (i.e. tangent point) of the middle straight section and the circular arc section in the nozzle convergent section (the double-throat nozzle cavity convergent section); C. the intersection point of the arc line section extension line of the nozzle fillet arc section AB and a straight line section which is parallel to the nozzle symmetry plane or the central axis and is sent out by the point O; p, end point of free end of middle straight section in nozzle convergent section (double throat nozzle cavity convergent section); t, the top point of the circular arc section at the throat position in the fixed section at the front part of the double-throat spray pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The relative arrangement of the components and steps, expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be oriented in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations).
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the nozzle structure of the present invention, which changes the area of the nozzle outlet by sliding, includes a nozzle body, the nozzle body has a nozzle convergent section at a position close to the nozzle outlet, the nozzle convergent section is divided into two parts, which are a nozzle convergent section front section and a nozzle convergent section rear section respectively; the front section of the spray pipe convergent section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergent section are connected through a sliding connection structure.
The sliding connection structure comprises a U-shaped sliding groove and a sliding block which can form a sliding pair, and a guiding and limiting structure which can guide and position the U-shaped sliding groove and the sliding block to slide relatively; the guide limiting structure comprises a guide clamping groove and a positioning lug which are matched with each other.
The U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, namely an outer side arm and an inner side arm, wherein the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, and the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm; the guide clamping groove is arranged on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the length extending direction of the guide clamping groove is consistent with that of the outer side arm; the guide clamping groove is a rectangular arc-shaped hole;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, an external embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and a positioning lug is arranged on the surface of the external embedding platform; an embedded platform is arranged on the surface adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute;
when the sliding blocks move in the U-shaped sliding groove in opposite directions and are guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is minimum, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is maximum, and at the moment, the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove is embedded in the embedded platform, so that the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the step surface of the embedded platform can be spliced to form a smooth engagement surface; meanwhile, the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is embedded in the outer embedding platform, so that the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute and the step surface of the outer embedding platform can be spliced into a smooth engaging surface;
when the sliding block moves back and forth in the U-shaped sliding groove and is guided to the second limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is maximum, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is minimum. The nozzle structure has a defect that a concave embedded groove is formed between the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the step surface of the embedded platform of the sliding block, and the existence of the structure enables fluid to be gathered at the concave embedded groove, so that the overall performance of the nozzle is affected.
In order to overcome the defects, the invention changes the embedded platform structure, sets the embedded platform structure as an embedded groove, and installs a filling structure in the embedded groove, which comprises the following specific steps:
the side wall of the front end of the embedded groove is set as a front sliding table, the side wall of the rear end of the embedded groove is set as a rear clamping hook, the front sliding table comprises a vertical plate and an inclined plate, one end of the vertical plate is connected with the bottom of the embedded groove, and the other end of the vertical plate is connected with the inclined plate to form a hook-shaped part;
the filling structure comprises a filling arc-shaped connecting piece, and two ends of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece in the sliding direction are both provided with slope structures which are a front slope and a rear slope respectively; the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is connected with the bottom of the inner embedded groove through the elastic connecting piece, the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is always positioned in the rear clamping hook of the inner embedded groove, and the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is attached to the inclined plate of the rear clamping hook.
The end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped chute is arranged into a slope surface structure;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves oppositely relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is minimum, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is maximum; in the sliding process, the front end slope surface of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is lifted under the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, the elastic connecting piece is extruded until the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is entirely positioned above the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, and the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is attached to the surface of the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove;
meanwhile, in the process of the opposite movement of the sliding blocks along the U-shaped sliding groove, the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove can be always clamped on the rear slope of the leveling arc-shaped connecting piece to prevent the leveling arc-shaped connecting piece from being separated, so that the inner wall of the convergent section of the spray pipe is spliced into a smooth joint surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from an inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves back and forth relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a second limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, at the moment, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is the largest, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is the smallest; in the sliding process, after the front end slope surface of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is separated from the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece can be smoothly ejected away from the groove bottom of the inner embedding groove under the action of restoring force of the elastic connecting piece through the guiding of the sliding table at the front part of the inner embedding groove until the front end slope surface of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is completely attached to the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the rear end slope surface of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is completely attached to the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the inner embedding groove, and at the moment, the inner wall of the spray pipe convergence section is spliced into a smooth attachment surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece and the clamping hook at the rear part of the inner embedding groove;
at the moment, the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is embedded in the embedded platform, so that the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute and the step surface of the embedded platform can be spliced into a smooth joint surface; meanwhile, the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is embedded in the outer embedding platform, so that the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute and the step surface of the outer embedding platform can be spliced into a smooth engaging surface;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves back to back relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to the second limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is the largest at the moment, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is the smallest.
The technical concept related to the invention is applied to a common spray pipe, namely, the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe inlet and a spray pipe outlet; the nozzle body is arranged between the nozzle inlet and the nozzle outlet and is sequentially connected with the nozzle front fixing section and the nozzle converging section.
When the technical concept related by the invention is applied to the double-throat spray pipe, the double-throat spray pipe comprises a throat and a spray pipe outlet; the nozzle convergent section arranged close to the nozzle outlet is a double-throat nozzle cavity convergent section; the concave cavity convergent section of the double-throat nozzle is connected with a throat through an expanded front fixing section of the double-throat nozzle.
Two specific embodiments according to the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, the nozzle structure of the present invention, which changes the area of the nozzle outlet by sliding, includes a nozzle front fixing section and a nozzle converging section, which are connected in sequence, between the nozzle inlet and the nozzle outlet, wherein the nozzle converging section is divided into two parts, namely, a nozzle converging section front section and a nozzle converging section rear section; the front section of the spray pipe convergence section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergence section are connected through a sliding connection structure; the sliding connection structure comprises a U-shaped sliding groove and a sliding block which can form a sliding pair, and a guiding and limiting structure which can guide and position the U-shaped sliding groove and the sliding block to slide relatively; the guide limiting structure comprises a guide clamping groove and a positioning lug which are matched for use, the closed end of the U-shaped sliding groove and the front section of the spray pipe convergence section are integrally arranged, the sliding block and the rear section of the spray pipe convergence section are integrally arranged, the sliding block is arranged in the U-shaped sliding groove, and the sliding block can slide in the U-shaped sliding groove in a reciprocating mode. The inner molded surface of the nozzle convergent section is formed by overlapping the inner molded surface of the U-shaped sliding groove and the inner molded surface of the sliding block at the position where the sliding connection structure is arranged.
The U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, namely an outer side arm and an inner side arm, wherein the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, and the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm; the guide clamping groove is arranged on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the length extending direction of the guide clamping groove is consistent with that of the outer side arm; the guide clamping groove is a rectangular arc-shaped hole;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, an external embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and a positioning lug is arranged on the surface of the external embedding platform; the surface adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove is provided with an embedded platform. The positioning lug is matched with the guide clamping groove to play a role in supporting and limiting.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, taking a conventional binary adjustable convergent nozzle (similar to the axisymmetric nozzle, and not described again) as an example, the present invention can change the outlet area of the nozzle by adjusting the reciprocating sliding of the sliding block in the U-shaped sliding slot. When the sliding block at the rear section of the spray pipe convergence section slides anticlockwise along the arc-shaped U-shaped sliding groove at the front section of the spray pipe convergence section under the action of power output of the power driving device, the rear end position (namely a spray pipe outlet) of the sliding block changes along with the sliding block, and the area of the spray pipe outlet is increased; on the contrary, if the slide block at the rear section of the convergent section of the spray pipe slides clockwise, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is reduced. Meanwhile, the positioning lug also slides back and forth along the guide clamping groove, and the size of the guide clamping groove limits the limit position of the slide block in the back and forth sliding mode. When the slide block slides to the position shown in fig. 4, the transition between the front section of the nozzle convergent section and the rear inner side profile of the nozzle convergent section is smooth, and the flow loss is small. The structure is simple and reasonable, easy to realize and has strong engineering practicability.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the present invention applied to a dual throat nozzle, which is implemented in the same manner as the example shown in fig. 1, except that: the movable part is changed from the nozzle convergent section 3 to a concave cavity convergent section 6, and in the concave cavity convergent section 6, the sliding block at the rear section of the concave cavity convergent section slides back and forth along the U-shaped arc sliding groove at the rear section of the concave cavity convergent section to change the outlet area of the double-throat nozzle.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6 to 12, this embodiment is a specific technical solution for providing improvement in view of the disadvantages of embodiment 1. The difference from the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 1, when the slide block is located at the second limit position, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is the largest, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is the smallest, the spray pipe structure is arranged between the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped chute and the step surface of the embedded platform of the slide block to form an inwards concave embedded groove, so that the inner profile surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped chute is connected with the inner profile surface of the slide block through the inner profile surface of a specially-made arc-shaped connecting piece, and the inner profile surfaces are spliced into a whole, and a complete inner profile surface can be in smooth transition at the splicing position. The method comprises the following specific steps:
in this embodiment, the structure of the embedded platform described in embodiment 1 is changed, and is set as an embedded groove, and a compensation structure is installed in the embedded groove, specifically as follows:
the side wall of the front end of the embedded groove is set as a front sliding table, the side wall of the rear end of the embedded groove is set as a rear clamping hook, the front sliding table comprises a vertical plate and an inclined plate, one end of the vertical plate is connected with the bottom of the embedded groove, and the other end of the vertical plate is connected with the inclined plate to form a hook-shaped part;
the filling structure comprises a filling arc-shaped connecting piece, and two ends of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece in the sliding direction are both provided with slope structures which are a front slope and a rear slope respectively; the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is connected with the bottom of the inner embedded groove through the elastic connecting piece, the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is always positioned in the rear clamping hook of the inner embedded groove, and the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is attached to the inclined plate of the rear clamping hook. The elastic connecting piece is a compression spring, and two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixed on the arc-shaped connecting piece and the groove bottom (the spray pipe convergence section) of the embedded groove.
The end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped chute is arranged into a slope surface structure;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves oppositely relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is minimum, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is maximum; in the sliding process, the front end slope surface of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is lifted under the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, the elastic connecting piece is extruded until the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is entirely positioned above the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, and the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is attached to the surface of the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove;
meanwhile, in the process of the opposite movement of the sliding blocks along the U-shaped sliding groove, the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove can be always clamped on the rear slope of the leveling arc-shaped connecting piece to prevent the leveling arc-shaped connecting piece from being separated, so that the inner wall of the convergent section of the spray pipe is spliced into a smooth joint surface from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove at the arrangement position of the sliding structure.
As shown in fig. 6 to 11, taking a conventional binary adjustable convergent nozzle (similar to the axisymmetric nozzle embodiments, not described again) as an example, the present invention can change the outlet area of the nozzle by the reciprocating sliding of the slider in the U-shaped arc-shaped sliding slot. When the sliding block slides anticlockwise along the U-shaped circular arc-shaped sliding groove under the action of power output of the power driving device, the circular arc-shaped connecting piece is simultaneously extruded by the protruding part of the inner side opening (the front sliding table) at the front end of the inner embedded groove and the inner side arc section (the rear clamping hook) at the rear end of the inner embedded groove, so that the compression spring contracts, gradually clings to the groove bottom of the inner embedded groove (the arc section inner molded surface of the spray pipe convergence section at the arrangement position of the inner embedded groove) under the combined action of the three and slides anticlockwise. In addition, the position of the endpoint P of the free end of the middle straight section in the nozzle convergent section for marking the position of the nozzle outlet is changed simultaneously, so that the area of the nozzle outlet is increased. The area of the nozzle outlet is maximized when the nozzle convergent section moves to the position shown in fig. 10. At the moment, a compression spring assembly (an arc-shaped connecting piece and a compression spring) connected with the spray pipe convergent section is completely contracted in the embedded groove, a spray pipe fillet arc section AB only consists of an arc section at the front end of the spray pipe convergent section and an arc section at the inner side of the rear end of a spray pipe front fixing section, the curvature radius of inner molded surfaces of the two sections is the same, and the connection part is in transition smoothness; conversely, if the nozzle convergent section drives the slider to slide clockwise, the area of the nozzle outlet decreases, and when the nozzle convergent section moves to the position shown in fig. 6, the area of the nozzle outlet is minimized. At this time, the compression spring is not squeezed by the arc-shaped connecting piece any more and restores the original length, and generates restoring force to eject the arc-shaped connecting piece. The inner profile of the spray pipe at the installation position of the slide block connecting structure consists of a front section of a spray pipe convergent section, an arc-shaped connecting piece and a rear section of the spray pipe convergent section, the curvature radii of the inner profiles of the spray pipe, the arc-shaped connecting piece and the spray pipe convergent section are the same, and the connection part is smooth in transition.
When the sliding block slides along the U-shaped arc-shaped sliding groove in a reciprocating mode, the positioning lug also slides along the guide clamping groove in a reciprocating mode, and the limit position of the positioning lug in the reciprocating mode is limited by the size of the guide clamping groove. In addition, on the premise of ensuring that the equal straight sections exist in the front fixed section and the nozzle convergent section of the nozzle all the time, the nozzle circular arc section AB at the separation position of the front section and the rear section of the nozzle convergent section on the nozzle convergent section is limited by the length and the included angle of the equal straight section in the front fixed section and the equal straight section in the nozzle convergent section.
The guide clamping groove is positioned on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the limit position of the arc is determined by the arc length of the nozzle circular arc section AB and does not exceed two end points A and B of the nozzle circular arc section AB. In addition, in the process of clockwise sliding of the nozzle convergent section, the point B does not cross the straight line section OC so as to ensure that the end point P of the free end of the middle straight section in the nozzle convergent section is always behind the point C, and the nozzle is always in a forward contraction configuration from the nozzle inlet to the nozzle outlet.
Fig. 11 and 12 show a schematic view of the construction of the present invention applied to a dual throat nozzle and a schematic view of the construction of the dual throat nozzle in which the nozzle exit area is the largest, and the embodiment thereof is the same as the example shown in fig. 6 and 10, except that: in the process of clockwise sliding of the cavity convergent section of the double-throat nozzle, the point B does not cross the straight line section OC so as to ensure that the endpoint P of the free end of the middle straight section in the cavity convergent section of the double-throat nozzle is always behind the point C, and the point P does not cross the straight line section which is parallel to the symmetrical plane or the central axis of the nozzle and is emitted from the vertex T of the arc section at the position of the throat in the fixed section at the front part of the double-throat nozzle, so as to ensure that the area of the outlet of the nozzle is always larger than or equal to the area of one throat of the double-throat nozzle, so that the characteristic of the nozzle of 'double throats' is not changed.
Claims (9)
1. A spray pipe structure for changing the area of a spray pipe outlet in a sliding mode comprises a spray pipe body, wherein the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe outlet, and the spray pipe body is provided with a spray pipe convergence section at the position close to the spray pipe outlet; the front section of the spray pipe convergence section and the rear section of the spray pipe convergence section are connected through a sliding connection structure;
the sliding connection structure comprises a U-shaped sliding chute, a sliding block and a guiding and limiting structure;
the sliding block is arranged in the U-shaped sliding groove, and the sliding block and the U-shaped sliding groove can form a sliding pair and can slide in the U-shaped sliding groove in a reciprocating manner;
the guide limiting structure can guide and position the U-shaped sliding chute and the sliding block to slide relatively, and comprises a guide clamping groove and a positioning lug which are matched with each other;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove to enable the rear section of the nozzle convergent section to retract relative to the front section of the nozzle convergent section, the length of the nozzle convergent section is minimum, and the area of the nozzle outlet is maximum;
when the slide block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove to enable the rear section of the nozzle convergent section to extend out relative to the front section of the nozzle convergent section, the length of the nozzle convergent section is the largest, and the area of the nozzle outlet is the smallest.
2. The nozzle structure for varying the area of the nozzle outlet in a sliding manner according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, an outer side arm and an inner side arm;
the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, and the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, an external embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and an internal embedding platform is arranged on the surface of the sliding block adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove;
the guide clamping groove is arranged on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the length extending direction of the guide clamping groove is consistent with that of the outer side arm; one end of the positioning lug is provided with an end part lug, and the other end of the positioning lug penetrates through the guide clamping groove and is connected with the surface of the external embedding platform;
when the sliding blocks move in the U-shaped sliding groove in opposite directions and are guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is minimum, the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is maximum, and at the moment, the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove is embedded in the embedded platform, so that the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the step surface of the embedded platform can be spliced to form a smooth engagement surface; meanwhile, the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is embedded in the outer embedding platform, so that the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute and the step surface of the outer embedding platform can be spliced into a smooth engaging surface;
when the sliding block moves back and forth in the U-shaped sliding groove and is guided to the second limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lug, the length of the convergent section of the spray pipe is maximum, and the area of the outlet of the spray pipe is minimum.
3. The nozzle structure for varying the area of the nozzle outlet in a sliding manner according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped chute comprises two side arms, an outer side arm and an inner side arm;
the outer side arm and the inner side arm are arc plates which are concentrically arranged, the length of the outer side arm is longer than that of the inner side arm, and meanwhile, the end part of the inner side arm is arranged into a slope structure and is provided with an end slope;
the appearance of the sliding block is matched with the U-shaped sliding groove, the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, is provided with an outer embedding platform, and the surface of the sliding block, which is adjacent to the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, is provided with an inner concave embedding groove;
the side wall of the front end of the embedded groove is set as a front sliding table, and the side wall of the rear end is set as a rear clamping hook;
the rear clamping hook of the embedded groove comprises a vertical wall surface and an inclined plate, one end of the vertical wall surface is connected with the bottom of the embedded groove, and the other end of the vertical wall surface is connected with the inclined plate to form a hook-shaped part;
the bottom of the embedded groove is provided with a compensating arc-shaped connecting piece through an elastic connecting piece;
the two ends of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece in the sliding direction are both provided with slope structures, namely a front slope and a rear slope;
the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is always positioned in the rear clamping hook of the inner embedded groove, and the rear end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is attached to the inclined plate of the rear clamping hook;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves oppositely relative to the bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a first limit position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the spray pipe convergence section is minimum, the area of the spray pipe outlet is maximum, and the inner wall of the spray pipe convergence section can be spliced into a smooth joint surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove and the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove; in the sliding process, the front end slope surface of the filling arc-shaped connecting piece is lifted under the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, the elastic connecting piece is extruded until the whole filling arc-shaped connecting piece is positioned above the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute, and the end slope surface of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding chute is attached to and aligned with the surface of the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove;
when the sliding block moves in the U-shaped sliding groove and moves back to back relative to the groove bottom of the U-shaped sliding groove, the sliding block can be guided to a second extreme position in the guide clamping groove through the guide lugs, the length of the spray pipe convergent section is the largest, the area of the spray pipe outlet is the smallest, and the inner wall of the spray pipe convergent section is spliced into a smooth joint surface at the arrangement position of the sliding structure from the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece and the clamping hook at the rear part of the embedded groove; in the sliding process, the front end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped after being separated from the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, the groove bottom of the inner embedding groove can be smoothly popped out under the action of restoring force of the elastic connecting piece through the guiding of the sliding table at the front part of the inner embedding groove until the front end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped and is attached to and aligned with the end part of the inner side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the rear end of the compensation arc-shaped connecting piece is slope-shaped and is attached to and aligned with the inclined plate of the clamping hook at the rear part of the inner embedding groove.
4. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the closed end of the U-shaped chute is integral with the forward section of the nozzle convergent section and the slider is integral with the rearward section of the nozzle convergent section.
5. The spout structure of claim 4 wherein the spout body further comprises a spout inlet; the inlet of the spray pipe is connected with the outlet of the spray pipe through the front fixing section and the convergent section of the spray pipe in sequence; the nozzle circular arc section AB at the separation position of the front section of the nozzle convergent section and the rear section of the nozzle convergent section on the nozzle convergent section is limited by the length and the included angle of the middle straight section of the front fixed section of the nozzle and the middle straight section of the nozzle convergent section; the guide clamping groove is positioned on the outer side arm of the U-shaped sliding groove, and the limit position of the arc is determined by the arc length of the circular arc section AB of the nozzle fillet.
6. The nozzle structure for varying the exit area of the nozzle in a sliding manner as recited in claim 4, wherein the nozzle body is a dual throat nozzle, the dual throat nozzle further comprising a throat; the nozzle convergent section of the double-throat nozzle close to the nozzle outlet is a double-throat nozzle cavity convergent section; the concave cavity convergent section of the double-throat nozzle is connected with a throat through an expanded front fixing section of the double-throat nozzle.
7. The nozzle structure for changing the area of the outlet of the nozzle in a sliding manner according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the guide clamping groove is a rectangular arc-shaped hole.
8. A spout structure of changing an outlet area of the spout by sliding according to claim 3, wherein the elastic connecting member is a compression spring.
9. The nozzle structure for changing the nozzle exit area through sliding according to claim 3, wherein the arc-shaped connecting piece, the nozzle convergent section front section, and the nozzle convergent section rear section have the same radius of curvature of their inner profiles, and when the slider is at the second limit position in the U-shaped chute, the nozzle convergent section front section, the arc-shaped connecting piece, and the nozzle convergent section rear section have their inner profiles spliced together to form the inner profile of the nozzle convergent section, and the splice positions are smooth in transition.
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| CN201811635067.7A CN109723568B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Nozzle structure for changing nozzle outlet area by sliding mode |
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| CN201811635067.7A CN109723568B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Nozzle structure for changing nozzle outlet area by sliding mode |
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| CN113250853B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-06-14 | 华中科技大学 | Vectoring nozzle and control method thereof |
| CN114776462B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-06-18 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Throat-adjustable unilateral expansion spray pipe |
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| US3912172A (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1975-10-14 | Thiokol Corp | Self actuated pressure lubricated swivelled nozzle for rocket motors |
| US5853148A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-12-29 | Societe De Construction Des Avions Hurel-Dubois | Thrust reverser with adjustable section nozzle for aircraft jet engine |
| CN204113489U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | A kind of structure preventing sphere contracting nozzle sphere adjustment sheet clamping stagnation |
| CN108104971A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of two-dimensional nozzle with pitching driftage function and the aircraft with it |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060150612A1 (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-07-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Thrust vector control |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3912172A (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1975-10-14 | Thiokol Corp | Self actuated pressure lubricated swivelled nozzle for rocket motors |
| US5853148A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-12-29 | Societe De Construction Des Avions Hurel-Dubois | Thrust reverser with adjustable section nozzle for aircraft jet engine |
| CN204113489U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | A kind of structure preventing sphere contracting nozzle sphere adjustment sheet clamping stagnation |
| CN108104971A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of two-dimensional nozzle with pitching driftage function and the aircraft with it |
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