CN109723552B - Diversion type explosion-proof valve for crankcase and explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method - Google Patents

Diversion type explosion-proof valve for crankcase and explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109723552B
CN109723552B CN201811477292.2A CN201811477292A CN109723552B CN 109723552 B CN109723552 B CN 109723552B CN 201811477292 A CN201811477292 A CN 201811477292A CN 109723552 B CN109723552 B CN 109723552B
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flame
retardant
ring
valve
explosion
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CN109723552A (en
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刘炳霞
赵锐
张旭
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a diversion type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase, which comprises a valve seat, a sealing ring, a valve clack, a conical spring, an inner diversion ring, an outer diversion ring, a flame-retardant assembly, a valve cover and a fastening bolt assembly. The flame-retardant component is formed by axially connecting a plurality of flame-retardant sheets. Each flame-retardant sheet comprises a plurality of flame-retardant rings which are sleeved in the radial direction and a bottom plate used for supporting the flame-retardant rings. The flame-retardant ring is an annular body formed by connecting a long strip sheet body end to end, the longitudinal section of the flame-retardant ring is square wave, and an air passage for flame to flow is formed in a cavity between a wave crest and a wave trough. In the cross section of the flame-retardant ring, a certain included angle exists between each inner wall cross section and a radial line of the cross section of the flame-retardant ring. The invention can increase and prolong the distance and time of flame expansion, make the air flow impacted by the wall surface in the flow channel for many times, and make the air flow impact each other, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the air flow velocity, strengthening the disturbance and heat exchange of the air flow, and making the flame completely extinguished in the explosion-proof valve.

Description

Diversion type explosion-proof valve for crankcase and explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an explosion-proof valve for a diversion type crankcase and an explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method.
Background
When the oil mist mixture in the crankcase of the internal combustion engine reaches a certain concentration and the temperature in the crankcase reaches the temperature for igniting the oil mist mixture, high-temperature and high-pressure flame gas is generated and may explode if not discharged in time. The direct discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gas not only damages various mechanical devices around the crankcase, but also may cause damage to human bodies. In order to prevent such accidents, an explosion-proof valve must be installed on the crankcase body to realize the timely release of flame gas when oil mist knocks and prevent the spread of flame while releasing pressure.
The invention with the application number of CN201210303682 discloses an anti-explosion valve flame-retardant sheet, which is a flow channel bent for many times by directly punching a plurality of hexagonal prisms on a circular ring sheet. The invention needs hexagonal prism stamping dies with different sizes, and the processing is more complicated; but also the height of the bosses is limited in view of the ductility of the material. In the invention, the position where the high-temperature flame gas and the hexagonal prism impact is positioned at the vertex angle of the hexagonal prism, and an included angle of 60 degrees is formed between the wall surface of the flow channel formed by the vertex angle and the incoming flow fluid, and in the invention, the included angle formed between the wall surface of the flow channel and the incoming flow fluid is about 90 degrees. Therefore, in this invention, when the air flow impacts the flame retardant sheet, the impact strength at each impact point is lower than that of the present invention, resulting in a lower local convective heat transfer coefficient at each impact point. The cooling effect of the present invention on the high temperature flame gas is biased in comparison with the present invention.
The invention with the application number of CN201010227086.3 discloses a flame-retardant sheet of an explosion-proof valve, wherein the flame-retardant sheet is a V-shaped sheet and is arranged along the radial direction of a ring cavity, so that a flame-retardant component is communicated up and down, partial high-temperature and high-pressure airflow directly impacts a valve cover along the axial direction of the explosion-proof valve easily, the upper part of the explosion-proof valve bears too much, and the pressure reduction and flame extinction are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a diversion type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase and an explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method.
The invention obstructs the propagation of airflow and flame, enhances the airflow disturbance and prolongs the flow path thereof by a flow guiding mode, and leads the airflow to be fully contacted with each wall surface of the flame-retardant structure for heat exchange, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure of the airflow and completely extinguishing the flame.
A diversion type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase comprises a valve seat 2, wherein an inner diversion ring 10 and an outer diversion ring 11 are arranged on the valve seat 2, a valve clack 5 is arranged in the inner diversion ring 10, the valve clack 5 is fixed on a valve port of the valve seat 2 through a conical spring 6, and a sealing ring 12 is arranged between the valve clack 5 and the valve seat 2 to seal the valve port of the valve seat 2; an annular flame-retardant component provided with a plurality of bolt holes is sleeved between the inner flow guide ring 10 and the outer flow guide ring 11, and a valve cover 7 is arranged at the upper end of the flame-retardant component; the flame retardant assembly is fixed between the valve cover 7 and the valve seat 2 by bolts 9, spacers 8 and distance sleeves 13.
Further preferably, the flame-retardant component is composed of a plurality of flame-retardant sheets 1-a which are axially overlapped; the flame-retardant sheet 1-a is composed of a plurality of flame-retardant rings which are sleeved from inside to outside in the radial direction, namely a first flame-retardant ring (1-2) to an nth flame-retardant ring (1- (n +1)) and a bottom plate (1-1) for supporting the flame-retardant rings, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
Further preferably, each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant assembly has a square wave shape in longitudinal section, and the width of the square wave is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction.
Further preferably, the left and right wall surfaces of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a form an angle α of 40 ° to 60 ° with respect to the radial line.
The inner circle and the outer circle of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a and the wall surface of the flame-retardant ring form a plurality of horn-mouth-shaped quadrilateral areas, and the horn mouths gradually expand from inside to outside along the radial direction.
Further preferably, in the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, the positions of the bell-mouth-shaped opening directions of the quadrangular regions of the adjacent flame-retardant rings with respect to the radial line are different from each other from side to side; quadrilateral areas in adjacent flame-retardant rings are arranged in a staggered manner, and the staggered included angle between each flame-retardant ring and the adjacent flame-retardant ring is half of the central angle corresponding to one quadrilateral area of the adjacent flame-retardant ring; in the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, quadrilateral areas of the flame-retardant rings are mutually connected in a staggered manner, and each quadrilateral area is mutually connected with other four quadrilateral areas from two adjacent flame-retardant rings in a staggered manner to form a square flow passage which is bent for many times.
Preferably, in the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, the flame-retardant rings are sequentially and radially sleeved and welded on the bottom plate 1-1 according to the size sequence of the inner diameter and the outer diameter; the bottom plate 1-1 of the flame-retardant sheet is a circular metal sheet, and the radial width of the circular metal sheet is the sum of the radial widths of the flame-retardant rings.
Preferably, six uniformly distributed screw holes are machined in the circumferential direction on the end face of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a.
An explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method of a diversion type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) when the internal pressure of the crankcase exceeds the pretightening force of the conical spring 6, the valve clack 5 of the explosion-proof valve is opened;
(2) after the high-temperature flame gas enters the valve cavity, flame rushes into the flame-retardant component, wherein the first flame 3-1 and the second flame 3-2 firstly impact the first flame-retardant ring inner wall 1-2-1, the impact point is positioned at the first impact point 4-1, and the first flame 3-1 and the second flame 3-2 are impacted and guided by the first flame-retardant ring inner wall 1-2-1, so that the propagation direction of the flame is changed, and the flame is in contact with the first flame-retardant ring inner wall 1-2-1 to perform heat exchange, so that the first flame energy loss is caused;
(3) the first flame 3-1 is divided into two flames by the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring: flame three 3-1-1 and flame four 3-1-2; the flame II 3-2 is divided into two flames by the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring: flame five 3-2-1 and flame six 3-2-2; after the flame IV 3-1-2 and the flame V3-2-1 enter a flow channel in the second flame-retardant ring 1-3, because an included angle exists between the flowing directions of the two flames, the flame IV 3-1-2 and the flame V3-2-1 impact each other, and the impact point of the flame IV 3-1-2 and the flame V3-2-1 is positioned at the impact point II 4-2), so that the energy loss of the second flame is caused;
(4) when entering the second flame-retardant ring 1-3, the flame IV 3-1-2 grazes the inner edge of the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring at an impact point III 4-3, and forms a low-pressure area on the back of the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring, so that a vortex is generated, the disturbance of air flow is enhanced, the flow energy is reduced, the effect of heat exchange enhancement is achieved, and the energy loss of the flame for the third time is caused;
(5) after the flame passes through the flame retardant sheet 1-a, the energy is lost to a certain degree and the flame is extinguished; the multiple layers of flame retardant sheets 1-a are stacked together to form a flame retardant assembly, i.e., the energy of the flame entering the flame retardant assembly 1 is reduced sufficiently to extinguish the flame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects;
the invention forms the flame-retardant component by a plurality of flame-retardant sheets. In the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, after flame passes through the impact diversion action of the wall surface and the mutual impact action of the airflow for many times, the flow energy is reduced, the heat exchange between the airflow and the inner wall surface of the flame-retardant member is strengthened, and finally the temperature of flame gas entering the flame-retardant sheet is reduced, so that the flame is extinguished. After the flame-retardant pieces 1-a are axially overlapped to form the flame-retardant assembly, the overall flame-retardant effect is further enhanced, and flame airflow entering the explosion-proof valve can be completely extinguished.
Drawings
FIG. 1: is a structural construction schematic diagram of the invention;
FIG. 2: a schematic view of a flame retardant assembly construction;
FIG. 3: a partial schematic view of flame retardant sheet 1-a in a flame retardant assembly;
FIG. 4: a schematic view of a flame retardant ring structure in flame retardant sheet 1-a;
FIG. 5: a transverse cross-sectional view of the flame retardant assembly;
FIG. 6: the propagation path and the impact position of the flame in the flame retardant sheet 1-a are schematically shown.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-6, a flow-guiding type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase according to the present invention includes a valve seat 2, an inner flow-guiding ring 10 and an outer flow-guiding ring 11 are disposed on the valve seat 2, a valve flap 5 is disposed in the inner flow-guiding ring 10, the valve flap 5 is fixed on a valve port of the valve seat 2 by a conical spring 6, and a sealing ring 12 is disposed between the valve flap 5 and the valve seat 2 to seal the valve port of the valve seat 2; an annular flame-retardant component provided with a plurality of bolt holes is sleeved between the inner flow guide ring 10 and the outer flow guide ring 11, and a valve cover 7 is arranged at the upper end of the flame-retardant component; the flame retardant assembly is fixed between the valve cover 7 and the valve seat 2 by bolts 9, spacers 8 and distance sleeves 13.
The flame-retardant component is composed of a plurality of flame-retardant sheets 1-a which are axially overlapped; the flame-retardant sheet 1-a is composed of a plurality of flame-retardant rings which are sleeved from inside to outside in the radial direction, namely a first flame-retardant ring (1-2) to an nth flame-retardant ring (1- (n +1)) and a bottom plate (1-1) for supporting the flame-retardant rings, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
The longitudinal section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant component is in a square wave shape, and the width of the square wave is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction.
The left and right wall surfaces of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a form an included angle alpha of 40-60 degrees with the radial ray.
The inner circle and the outer circle of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a and the wall surface of the flame-retardant ring form a plurality of horn-mouth-shaped quadrilateral areas, and the horn mouths gradually expand from inside to outside along the radial direction.
In the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, the positions of the bell-mouth-shaped opening directions of the quadrilateral areas of the adjacent flame-retardant rings relative to the radial line are different from left to right; quadrilateral areas in adjacent flame-retardant rings are arranged in a staggered manner, and the staggered included angle between each flame-retardant ring and the adjacent flame-retardant ring is half of the central angle corresponding to one quadrilateral area of the adjacent flame-retardant ring; in the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, quadrilateral areas of the flame-retardant rings are mutually connected in a staggered manner, and each quadrilateral area is mutually connected with other four quadrilateral areas from two adjacent flame-retardant rings in a staggered manner to form a square flow passage which is bent for many times.
In the flame-retardant sheet 1-a, each flame-retardant ring is sequentially and radially sleeved and welded on the bottom plate 1-1 according to the sequence of the inner diameter and the outer diameter; the bottom plate 1-1 of the flame-retardant sheet is a circular metal sheet, and the radial width of the circular metal sheet is the sum of the radial widths of the flame-retardant rings.
Six uniformly distributed screw holes are circumferentially processed on the end surface of the flame-retardant sheet 1-a.
The invention relates to an explosion-proof valve flame-retardant assembly, which has the working principle that:
1. the flow channel which is bent for multiple times in the radial direction in the flame-retardant sheet 1-a prolongs the propagation path of flame gas, and enables the flame gas to impact the inner wall of the flame-retardant sheet for multiple times in the propagation process so as to enhance the heat exchange with the heat conductor;
2. the flow channels in the flame retardant sheet 1-a are staggered with each other, so that flame gases impact each other in the transmission process to cause energy loss.
As shown in fig. 6, when the temperature pressure in the crankcase reaches a critical value, the mixture is ignited. Under the action of flame gas expanding at high speed, the valve clack 5 of the explosion-proof valve is jacked open, high-pressure gas and high-temperature flame enter a valve cavity of the explosion-proof valve, and then the flame rushes into the flame-retardant component 1 through the inner flow guide ring 10.
Referring to FIG. 6, in the first flame-retardant ring 1-2, the flame one 3-1 first impacts the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring at an impact point one 4-1. The first flame 3-1 is subjected to the reverse impact and the flow guiding action of the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring, and is in contact with the inner wall 1-2-1 to exchange heat, and a part of energy is lost in the first group of flow channels. Likewise, flame two 3-2 also receives the same flame retardant effect.
Referring to fig. 6, the flame one 3-1 is divided into two flames by the dividing action of the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring: flame three 3-1-1, flame four 3-1-2, wherein flame three 3-1-1 mainly flows along the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring. The flame III 3-1-1 impacts the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring under the flow guiding action of the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring, and the impact point is positioned at the impact point III 4-3. At the impact point III 4-3, the flame III 3-1-1 forms a jet flow impact heat transfer effect on the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring under the flow guiding effect of the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring, so that a larger convection heat transfer coefficient can be obtained at the impact point III 4-3. When entering the second flame-retardant ring 1-3, the flame IV 3-1-2 grazes the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring at the impact point III 4-3, and forms a low-pressure area on the back of the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring, thereby generating vortex, enhancing the disturbance of airflow, reducing flow energy and achieving the effect of enhancing heat exchange.
As shown in FIG. 6, the flame II 3-2 is divided into two flames by the dividing action of the inner wall 1-3-1 of the second flame-retardant ring: a flame five 3-2-1 and a flame six 3-2-2, wherein the flame five 3-2-1 mainly flows along the inner wall 1-2-1 of the first flame-retardant ring. After the flame IV 3-1-2 and the flame V3-2-1 enter a flow channel formed by the second flame-retardant ring, the flame IV 3-1-2 and the flame V3-2-1 impact each other due to an included angle between the flowing directions of the two flames, and the impact point of the two flames is positioned at the impact point II 4-2. The mutual impact of the flame four 3-1-2 and the flame five 3-2-1 effectively reduces the flow energy and strengthens the heat exchange between the two flames and the wall surface.
As shown in fig. 6, the flame retardant action of the flame in the third flame retardant ring 1-4 and the fourth flame retardant ring 1-5 is the same as that in the first flame retardant ring 1-2 and the second flame retardant ring 1-3, and will not be described again.
After flame passes through the flame-retardant action of one pair of flame-retardant rings, the flame enters the next pair of flame-retardant rings; the flame also produces energy losses during impact with the fire retardant sheet and each other. After the flame-retardant ring is acted, the energy of the flame gas entering the flame-retardant sheet 1-a is lost to a certain degree and is extinguished. The multiple flame-retardant sheets 1-a are stacked together to form the flame-retardant module 1, i.e., the flame energy can be reduced to a low enough level to extinguish the flame entering the interior of the explosion-proof valve.

Claims (6)

1. A blast-resistant valve for a crankcase, comprising a valve seat (2), characterized in that: an inner guide ring (10) and an outer guide ring (11) are arranged on the valve seat (2), a valve flap (5) is arranged in the inner guide ring (10), the valve flap (5) is fixed on a valve port of the valve seat (2) through a conical spring (6), and a sealing ring (12) is arranged between the valve flap (5) and the valve seat (2) to seal the valve port of the valve seat (2); an annular flame-retardant component provided with a plurality of bolt holes is sleeved between the inner flow guide ring (10) and the outer flow guide ring (11), and the upper end of the flame-retardant component is provided with a valve cover (7); fixing the flame-retardant component between the valve cover (7) and the valve seat (2) by adopting a bolt (9), a gasket (8) and a distance sleeve (13); wherein, the flame-retardant component consists of a plurality of flame-retardant sheets (1-a) which are axially overlapped; the flame-retardant sheet (1-a) consists of a plurality of flame-retardant rings which are sleeved from inside to outside in the radial direction, namely a first flame-retardant ring (1-2) to an nth flame-retardant ring (1- (n +1)) and a bottom plate (1-1) for supporting the flame-retardant rings, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; a plurality of bell-mouth-shaped quadrilateral areas are defined by the inner circle and the outer circle of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet (1-a) and the wall surface of the flame-retardant ring, and the bell mouths gradually expand from inside to outside along the radial direction; in the flame-retardant sheet (1-a), the positions of the bell-mouth-shaped opening directions of the quadrilateral areas of the adjacent flame-retardant rings relative to the radial line are different from left to right; quadrilateral areas in adjacent flame-retardant rings are arranged in a staggered manner, and the staggered included angle between each flame-retardant ring and the adjacent flame-retardant ring is half of the central angle corresponding to one quadrilateral area of the adjacent flame-retardant ring; in the flame-retardant sheet (1-a), quadrilateral areas of the flame-retardant rings are mutually connected in a staggered manner, and each quadrilateral area is mutually connected with other four quadrilateral areas from two adjacent flame-retardant rings in a staggered manner to form a square flow passage which is bent for many times.
2. A baffled explosion proof valve for a crankcase as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant component is in a square wave shape, and the width of the square wave is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction.
3. A baffled explosion proof valve for a crankcase as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the left and right wall surfaces of the cross section of each flame-retardant ring of the flame-retardant sheet (1-a) form an included angle alpha of 40-60 degrees with a radial ray.
4. A baffled explosion proof valve for a crankcase as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the flame-retardant sheet (1-a), each flame-retardant ring is sequentially and radially sleeved and welded on the bottom plate (1-1) according to the sequence of the inner diameter and the outer diameter; the bottom plate (1-1) of the flame-retardant sheet is a circular metal sheet, and the radial width of the circular metal sheet is the sum of the radial widths of the flame-retardant rings.
5. A baffled explosion proof valve for a crankcase as set forth in claim 1, wherein: six uniformly distributed screw holes are circumferentially processed on the end surface of the flame-retardant sheet (1-a).
6. An explosion-proof and flame-retardant implementation method of a diversion type explosion-proof valve for a crankcase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:
(1) when the internal pressure of the crankcase exceeds the pretightening force of the conical spring (6), the valve clack (5) of the explosion-proof valve is opened;
(2) after high-temperature flame gas enters the valve cavity, flame rushes into the flame-retardant component, wherein the first flame (3-1) and the second flame (3-2) firstly impact the first flame-retardant ring inner wall (1-2-1), an impact point is positioned at the first impact point (4-1), and the first flame (3-1) and the second flame (3-2) are impacted and guided by the first flame-retardant ring inner wall (1-2-1), so that the propagation direction of the flame is changed, and the first flame gas contacts with the first flame-retardant ring inner wall (1-2-1) to exchange heat, and the energy loss of the first flame is caused;
(3) the first flame (3-1) is divided into two flames by the inner wall (1-3-1) of the second flame-retardant ring: flame three (3-1-1) and flame four (3-1-2); the second flame (3-2) is divided into two flames by the inner wall (1-3-1) of the second flame-retardant ring: flame five (3-2-1) and flame six (3-2-2); after the flame IV (3-1-2) and the flame V (3-2-1) enter a flow channel in the second flame-retardant ring (1-3), because an included angle exists between the flowing directions of the two flames, the flame IV (3-1-2) and the flame V (3-2-1) impact each other, and the impact point of the flame IV (3-1-2) and the flame V (3-2-1) is positioned at the impact point II (4-2), so that the energy loss of the second flame is caused;
(4) when entering the second flame-retardant ring (1-3), the flame IV (3-1-2) grazes the inner edge of the inner wall (1-3-1) of the second flame-retardant ring at an impact point III (4-3), and forms a low-pressure area on the back of the inner wall (1-3-1) of the second flame-retardant ring, so that a vortex is generated, the airflow disturbance is enhanced, the flow energy is reduced, the effect of enhancing heat exchange is achieved, and the energy loss of the flame for the third time is caused;
(5) after the flame passes through the flame-retardant sheet (1-a), the energy is lost to a certain degree and the flame is extinguished; the multiple layers of flame retardant sheets (1-a) are stacked together to form a flame retardant assembly, i.e., the energy of the flame entering the flame retardant assembly is reduced sufficiently to extinguish the flame.
CN201811477292.2A 2018-12-05 2018-12-05 Diversion type explosion-proof valve for crankcase and explosion-proof flame-retardant implementation method Active CN109723552B (en)

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CN109723552B true CN109723552B (en) 2021-04-23

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KR100971311B1 (en) * 2008-04-25 2010-07-20 현우산기주식회사 Arrest device for preventing flame of internal combustion engine
KR100866647B1 (en) * 2008-05-20 2008-11-03 조태현 A trap for preventing burst of flame out crank case in internal combustion engine and manufacturing method thereof
KR20130063109A (en) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-14 조태현 A trap for preventing burst of flame out crank case in internal combustion engine
CN102840029B (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-01-28 浙江工业大学 Flame-retarded explosion-proof valve

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Application publication date: 20190507

Assignee: Zhenjiang Chenxin Machinery Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: JIANGSU University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Contract record no.: X2024980002566

Denomination of invention: A guide type explosion-proof valve for crankcase and its explosion-proof and flame-retardant implementation method

Granted publication date: 20210423

License type: Common License

Record date: 20240306