CN109723053A - A kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed - Google Patents
A kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN109723053A CN109723053A CN201811562810.0A CN201811562810A CN109723053A CN 109723053 A CN109723053 A CN 109723053A CN 201811562810 A CN201811562810 A CN 201811562810A CN 109723053 A CN109723053 A CN 109723053A
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- undisturbed
- major diameter
- particulate matter
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 19
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- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention belongs to sampler technical fields, disclose a kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed, throw off the capping soil material of protective layer or more；After taking protective layer off, required column ground core sample is cut；After sample makes, seal the top and side of sample rapidly with wax liquor, then it puts on the pyrocondensation made or sleeve is reinforced in shrinkage, and with corresponding heat gun or cold air blasting gun make reinforce sleeve collapses to fix sample, be then switched off sample root and be allowed to separate with parent, then reverse scabble after water wax liquor sealing, and make reserved reinforcing sleeve collapses with heat gun or cold air blasting gun, so that sample complete seal is closed, then it is fixed again with fixed device, finally puts on shock absorbing foam.The invention avoids the difficulties that the mechanical strength parameter of major diameter coarse granule Rock And Soil is obtained by complicated test in situ, also overcome in sampling process and disturb the shortcomings that destroying to Rock-soil Mass Structure, therefore are worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sampler technical field more particularly to a kind of sampling sides of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed
Method.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that
Weak intercalations in rock mass are a kind of geological phenomenons frequently encountered in rock mass engineering project, and engineering is often given in its presence
Bring adverse effect.Therefore, the research of weak intercalations mechanical strength parameter just becomes the primary study content in rock mass engineering project.
And weak intercalations are in the geological environment of complexity, its engineering characteristic is material base and the coefficient knot of environmental condition
Fruit.The material base of weak intercalations is primarily referred to as particulate component, mineralogical composition and chemical component etc..Environmental condition is answered with mainly having
Power, underground water and ground temperature etc..And crustal stress is most active factor, it not only plays the engineering characteristic of weak intercalations conclusive
Effect, and (especially underground water) is also had a certain impact to other two factor.The presence of crustal stress not only makes in rock mass
Rock, rock mass physico-mechanical properties protected, and the physico-mechanical properties of weak intercalated layer is enable to save.For determination
Weak intercalations for, material base it has been determined that therefore sample and test how to keep weak intercalations sample in the process
Original environmental condition is particularly important.The mechanical strength parameter study for the weak intercalations that coarse material is constituted at this stage, due to
It is extremely difficult to obtain undisturbed, therefore laboratory test is often carried out using remodeling sample, or carry out in-situ test (one at the scene
A little heavy construction regulations must carry out in-situ test).But the prototype structure that sample destroys weak intercalations is remolded, and scene examination in situ
Test it is time-consuming and laborious it is at high cost, the period is long, site condition many times and cannot meet the requirement of in-situ test.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
Remodeling sample destroys the prototype structures of weak intercalations, and the time-consuming and laborious at high cost, site condition of test in situ
Sometimes the requirement of in-situ test cannot be met again.
Solve the difficulty and meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
It is former that the weak intercalations and soil of (below powder) thinner for granulometric composition can obtain test at the scene with cutting ring
Shape sample, and to the weak intercalations and soil of particulate component coarseer (more than sand grains), satisfied examination is obtained with cutting ring sampling is more difficult
Sample is tested, even if achieving cutting ring sample, due to the dimensional effect and cutting ring sample shearing test device itself in experimentation
Defect, the intensive parameter of acquisition do not conform to the actual conditions conjunction yet.Therefore, the undisturbed for obtaining weak intercalations passes through three axis of undisturbed
The intensive parameter tool that test obtains weak intercalations has very great significance.
Weak intercalations will be obtained undisturbed sample, first by the weight and the effect of tectonic stress-crustal stress of top covering rockmass
Need to take off the relaxation that cap rock does not cause sample again.But accomplish that this point has very big difficult technology.Here it adopts
This technical difficulty is overcome the problems, such as with following methods, it is shallower for buried depth, artificial dig can be used and gradually peel off covering
Layer；It is biggish for buried depth that blasting technique (need to be using orientation smooth Surface Blasting Technology) need to first be used to throw off upper caldding layer (note
Meaning: need to stay 30cm protective layer when explosion, the impact force generated to avoid explosion causes weak intercalations to loosen, then again by artificial chisel
Remove remaining 30cm cap rock), sample is carefully cut after taking cap rock off, seals and packs fixation.During whole operation, all must
It must operate with caution and cause to disturb to avoid to sample, to destroy its internal structure.Bracing means can be accomplished to prevent volume of sample
Expansion, structural relaxation, to ensure that the reset condition of sample.
Summary of the invention
Currently, the sampling for coarse grain undisturbed soil has the two methods of box-like soil sampling in boring extracting soil and prospect pit, exploratory trench.
For boring extracting soil, to obtain I grade of (not disturbing) coarse-grained soil of water level or more, soil sampler need to be turned round using two (three) again pipe
(double acting), and do not allow to fill the water into hole in drilling process or use flushing liquor, therefore increase drilling difficulty, it cannot usually take
Obtain satisfied soil sample.For the box-like soil sampling in well, exploratory trench, the space of about 10cm is reserved between soil sample and container, although
Reserved space can pour into hot wax liquid and cooled and solidified, but due to the flexibility of wax, sample still can generate relaxation.Therefore, it uses
Current sampling technique is difficult to obtain the undisturbed soil sample as physics, Experimental Study On Mechanical Properties.
For the sampling of weak intercalations undisturbed of the grade more than coarse grain, at present also without existing sampling method.
Become liquid after heating paraffin dissolution, is frozen into solid at room temperature, good seal performance, in addition solid paraffin is very steady
It is fixed, it is difficult to react with other materials.Material contracting with heat is also known as polymer shape memory material, is that high molecular material and radiation add
Work technology intersects a kind of intelligent material combined.Common high molecular materials such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride etc. are usually linear knot
Structure can have unique " memory effect " after the radiation effects of the radioactive sources such as electron accelerator becomes reticular structure, expansion,
The material of cooling and shaping can be shunk again after heated to return to the original form.The sleeve of this material contracting with heat production, which heats, to be received
The effects of contracting is coated on external surface of objects, can play insulation, moisture-proof, sealing, protection.Cold events formula sleeve is to utilize elastomer
Material injects sulfidization molding in factory, then through it is expanding, be lined with plastic support and be made.It is after being cooled by elastic recovery force
It shrinks, has the function of insulation, sealing, protection etc. after contraction.These two types material is applied to the energy, electric power, traffic, industrial and mineral more at present
Etc. every field, be also not used in the sampling of Rock And Soil.
In view of the property of paraffin, material contracting with heat and cold shrinkable material, they are used to seal, soil sample is wrapped up and can reach
To the water content of protection sample and the purpose of structure.Based on this, deposited for the undisturbed sampling technique of existing weak intercalations and soil
The problem of, the present invention provides a kind of sampling methods of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed, the major diameter particle
The sampling method of substance undisturbed includes:
Step 1 the case where according to upper caldding layer, chooses unused method and throws off protective layer (reserved protective layer is not less than
Capping soil material more than 20cm).If upper caldding layer is soil, directlys adopt hand excavation and throw off cap rock；If it is soft
Broken rock, using lapicide dig mode rock stratum throw off cap rock；If it is harder, more complete rock stratum, then directional light is used
The mode of face explosion throws off upper caldding layer.
Step 2, carefully taking protective layer off using excavated by manual work or lapicide's cutting mode, (careful operation in the process is not disturbed
Dynamic sample), then cut required column ground sample.
Step 3 after column ground sample is cut, the top and side of sample is sealed rapidly with wax liquor, then puts on preparation
Sleeve (bottom end will reserve certain length) is reinforced in good pyrocondensation or shrinkage, and is made to reinforce sleeve with corresponding heat gun or cold air blasting gun
Shrink to fix sample, be then switched off sample root and be allowed to separate with the parent of bottom, then reverse scabble after water wax liquor
Sealing, and reserved reinforcing sleeve sections are shunk with heat gun or cold air blasting gun, so that sample complete seal is closed, then again with solid
Determine device to be fixed, puts on shock absorbing foam finally to prevent the damage to sample in transit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of the big straight of the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed
The sampler of diameter particulate matter undisturbed (see attached drawing Fig. 2).Each digital code respectively represents in figure: the 1-examination made
Sample；2-seal with wax layer；3-heats or the sealing and reinforcing sleeve contracted on cooling；4-hard are fixed material (batten or bamboo chip)；
5-outer layers wind wrap (normal tape or cloth).It is not compromised in transport figure for the ease of transport protection sample,
The shockproof foam of damping is being added outside around band.It should be noted that: 1. underground boring tool used in sampling process is according to lid
Layer situation determines, does not need to specify；2. make the heat gun for reinforcing the fixed sample of sleeve collapsed seal or cold air blasting gun according to
Sleeve material is bought in the market；3. what is provided in figure is the sealing and reinforcing relationship of sample side elevation, the reinforcing of top bottom surface is close
Envelope relationship is identical as side elevation.
Therefore, the sampler of the major diameter particulate matter undisturbed by sealing material, heat or contracts on cooling close
Envelope reinforces sleeve, heat gun or the fixed material of cold air blasting gun, hard, winding band and the shockproof foam composition of damping.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: avoid Conventional sampling methods to major diameter particle in situ
The disturbance of sample destroys；Research on Mechanical Properties for the weak intercalations and coarse material that not can be carried out test in situ provides
Material base；Provide a kind of sampling method of major diameter undisturbed easy to operate, the rapid coarse material of sampling.
The present invention have the characteristics that it is easy to operate, quick, both avoided through complicated test in situ obtain it is big
The difficulty of the mechanical strength parameter of diameter coarse granule Rock And Soil also avoids destroying the disturbance of Rock-soil Mass Structure in sampling process
The shortcomings that, therefore be worthy of popularization.
Sampling method of the invention in some important engineerings, (such as:, the power station thatch Ha Xia, is seen OK a karaoke club power station by white crane beach power station
Sound rock power station) in crushed zone or tomography carried out application verification.The results show that can be obtained well using this sampling method
Undisturbed, and can according to need the sample for obtaining different-diameter and height.It is as follows:
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sampling method flow chart of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sampler structural schematic diagram of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure: 1, sample；2, it seals with wax layer；3, sealing and reinforcing sleeve；4, the fixed material of hard；5, outer layer winds band.
Fig. 3 is the sampling method step schematic diagram of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes following step
It is rapid:
S101: the capping soil material for throwing off protective layer or more (is taken accordingly according to the case where cap rock in the process
Impact mitigation measure)；
S102: after taking protective layer off, required column ground core sample is quickly cut according to experiment purpose, is wanted in fabrication
Extreme care avoids disturbance sample, to keep the prototype structure of sample, measures sample in original shape simultaneously in this process
Density, moisture content under state；
S103: after sample makes, the top and side of sample is sealed rapidly with wax liquor, then puts on the pyrocondensation made or cold
Sleeve is reinforced in contracting, and makes to reinforce sleeve collapses with corresponding heat gun or cold air blasting gun to fix sample, is then switched off sample root
Be allowed to separate with the parent of bottom, then reverse scabble after water wax liquor sealing, and made with heat gun or cold air blasting gun reserved
It reinforces sleeve sections to shrink, so that sample complete seal is closed, then fixes material with hard again and be fixed, to keep sample
Original density and moisture content, put on shock absorbing foam finally to prevent the damage to sample in transit.
As shown in Fig. 2, the sampler of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed provided in an embodiment of the present invention is mainly by sealing
Material, heat or the bracing means contracted on cooling, heat gun or cold air blasting gun, hard fixed material (bamboo chip, batten), outer layer
The winding band components such as (adhesive tape, cloth) and the shockproof foam of damping form.Specifically include: sample 1, layer 2 of sealing with wax, sealing add
Gu sleeve 3, hard fix material 4, outer layer winds band 5.
The inside of sealing and reinforcing sleeve 3 is filled with sample 1, and layer 2 of sealing with wax is filled between sealing and reinforcing sleeve 3 and sample 1,
Sealing and reinforcing sleeve 3 is supported by the fixed material 4 of hard, and the fixed material 4 of hard has been externally wrapped with outer layer winding band 5.
In sample making course, cap rock and protective layer are first taken off, the sample of required size is cut according to the requirement of laboratory experiment,
Sample bottom does not depart from natural Rock And Soil, and sample is sealed sample top surface and side with sealing material (wax) after making, close
The reinforcing sleeve that material contracting with heat or cold shrinkable material are made into is put on after the completion of envelope, then by the original Rock And Soil of sample bottom removing and to it
Wax sealing is poured in bottom, and sealing is fixed sample after completing.If the material contracting with heat used, just with temperature controlled heat
Air pressure gun it is heated make pyrocondensation reinforce sleeve collapses (heating temperature be no more than 50 degree, to prevent sample from losing in sampling process
Water), if the cold shrinkable material used, just being freezed with cold air blasting gun to it makes shrinkage reinforce sleeve collapses.After sample reinforcing is packaged,
It prevents specimen relaxation plus fixed device and the shockproof foam of damping in outside again and suffers damage in transit.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed, which is characterized in that the major diameter particulate matter undisturbed
Sampling method include:
Step 1 throws off the capping soil material of protective layer or more；
Step 2 after taking protective layer off, cuts required column ground core sample；
After sample makes, the top and side of sample are sealed rapidly with wax for step 3, are fixed with fixed device, most rear enclosure
The upper shockproof foam of damping is to prevent the damage to sample in transit.
2. the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1,
The case where according to upper caldding layer, protective layer reserve the capping soil material of 20cm or more；Coating is soil, is taken off using hand excavation
Remove upper caldding layer；Soft broken rock digs mode using lapicide and throws off upper caldding layer；Harder, more complete rock stratum uses
The mode of orientation photoface exploision throws off upper caldding layer.
3. the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2,
Mode is dug using hand excavation or lapicide and carefully takes protective layer off, then cuts required column ground sample.
4. the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3,
After column ground sample is cut, seals the top and side of sample rapidly with wax liquor, then put on ready pyrocondensation or shrinkage
Sleeve is reinforced, bottom end will be reserved, and make to reinforce sleeve collapses with corresponding heat gun or cold air blasting gun to fix sample, be then switched off
Sample root is allowed to separate with the parent of bottom, then reverse scabble after water wax liquor sealing, and with heat gun or cold air blasting gun
Reserved reinforcing sleeve sections are shunk, so that sample complete seal is closed, is then fixed with fixed device, is finally put on again
Shock absorbing foam.
5. a kind of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed of the sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed as described in claim 1
Sampler, which is characterized in that the sampler of the major diameter particulate matter undisturbed is provided with
Sealing and reinforcing sleeve；
The inside of sealing and reinforcing sleeve is filled with sample, filled with layer of sealing with wax, sealing and reinforcing between sealing and reinforcing sleeve and sample
Sleeve is wound with outer layer winding band by the fixed materials for support of hard, the fixed material outer of hard.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811562810.0A CN109723053A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811562810.0A CN109723053A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed |
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| CN109723053A true CN109723053A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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| CN201811562810.0A Pending CN109723053A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of sampling method of major diameter particulate matter undisturbed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111561568A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-08-21 | 重庆交通大学 | Undisturbed soil sample sealing device based on wax sealing method and sealing method thereof |
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| CN111561568B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-11-23 | 重庆交通大学 | Undisturbed soil sample sealing device based on wax sealing method and sealing method thereof |
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