CN109719851A - A kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber classification feeding system - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber classification feeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109719851A CN109719851A CN201910043939.9A CN201910043939A CN109719851A CN 109719851 A CN109719851 A CN 109719851A CN 201910043939 A CN201910043939 A CN 201910043939A CN 109719851 A CN109719851 A CN 109719851A
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Abstract
The present invention is that a kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber is classified feeding system, including control unit, the level-one agitating unit of mixing is tentatively weighed for dry and wet material, it further include second level agitating unit, fiber alignment unit and three-level agitating unit, the second level agitating unit includes: medium-sized agitator, impeller shaft, medium-sized impeller, assist impeller and its coaxial reversing device, the lower part of medium-sized agitator is the revolving body that section is gradually reduced, along the axial setting impeller shaft of medium-sized agitator, medium-sized impeller is set on the impeller shaft in medium-sized agitator, in the coaxially connected coaxial reversing device in the top of impeller shaft；The fiber alignment unit includes three solenoids, and three solenoids from top to bottom successively surround and are arranged in medium-sized agitator lower external face, each solenoid independent connection respective switch circuit.The system can complete the classification feed of electromagnetic wave absorption concrete, and the magnetic fiber in concrete is made to orient output, realize 3D printing.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of, and the electromagnetic wave absorption coagulation soil rating based on 3D printing technique stirs and intelligent positioning fiber
System belongs to concrete 3D printing technique field.It is effectively fixed more particularly to steel fibre in 3D printing technique electromagnetic wave absorption concrete
To device.
Background technique
In recent years, with the development of 3D printing technique, application field is from traditional mold manufacture, jewel design, vapour
Turner industry expands to architectural engineering, medical industries, aerospace and numerous other fields, while 3D printing technique is known as
The industrial revolution three times.In addition, modern electronics industry is fast-developing, various electronic products are full of with mankind's daily life, are caused
Electromagnetic radiation to human body, equipment, information security or even military defense structure generate various negative effects.Containing being magnetic or electromagnetism
The cement composite material of absorbent can convert electromagnetic wave to thermal energy, electric energy, magnetic energy etc., such as ferrite, steel fibre, tailing
Sand, carbon material etc. are as in the absorbent incorporation concrete of electromagnetic wave.However steel fiber reinforced concrete is during the preparation process, in
The angular distribution of the steel fibre in portion has very strong randomness.Therefore, only fraction fiber can effectively accept tensile stress
And bending stress.The coefficient of efficiency of fiber is usually lower, and direction is that the coefficient of efficiency of two-dimensional fiber is often below 0.4；And divide
Cloth direction is that the coefficient of efficiency of three-dimensional fiber is more likely to that 0.25 can be lower than.In process of vibrating, due to the work to vibrate with gravity
With elongated steel fibre will be moved constantly to the lower part, and tend to that vertical with gravity plane is in the same direction, this phenomenon is known as fiber
Gravitational effect, gravitational effect is close under causing fiber to dredge in the distribution in concrete, and intensity is caused to have decline than theoretical value.Therefore
A kind of device is needed to improve the direction of its fiber and the adverse effect of distribution.
In the prior art, for lacking steel during the initial set between steel fiber reinforced concrete Vibration Technology and maintaining process
Fiber alignment process misses a period for improving Strength of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete；Meanwhile the steel fibre arranged in vain causes
The wastes of steel and concrete strength is promoted unobvious.In addition, the existing improvement to steel fibre arrangement is mainly centrifugal process,
But it requires condition excessively harsh, it is difficult to extensive to use.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above deficiencies, it is fixed that the technical issues of present invention intends to solve is to provide a kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete
To fiber classification feeding system.The system can complete the classification feed of electromagnetic wave absorption concrete, and make the magnetic fiber in concrete
Orientation output, realizes 3D printing.
The present invention solves the technical solution that the technical problem uses are as follows: a kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete orientation is fine
Dimension classification feeding system, the level-one agitating unit of mixing is tentatively weighed including control unit, for dry and wet material, feature exists
In the system further includes second level agitating unit, fiber alignment unit and three-level agitating unit, and the delivery outlet of level-one agitating unit connects
The feed inlet of second level agitating unit is connect, second level agitating unit delivery outlet connects three-level agitating unit and fiber alignment unit；
The second level agitating unit includes: medium-sized agitator, impeller shaft, medium-sized impeller, auxiliary impeller and its coaxial
Reversing device, the lower part of medium-sized agitator are the revolving body that section is gradually reduced, and the axial setting impeller along medium-sized agitator turns
Medium-sized impeller is arranged on the impeller shaft in medium-sized agitator in axis, coaxially connected coaxial reversed on the top of impeller shaft
Device is fixedly connected with auxiliary impeller, the rotation direction phase of coaxial reversing device and impeller shaft on the side of coaxial reversing device
Instead, auxiliary impeller is rotated synchronously with coaxial reversing device, assists the lateral surface of impeller close to the inner wall of medium-sized agitator, shape and
The interior shape of medium-sized agitator matches；
The fiber alignment unit includes three solenoids, and three solenoids are successively medium-sized around being arranged in from top to bottom
Agitator lower external face, each solenoid are independently connected respective switch circuit, are provided with electric current control in each switching circuit
Knob, protective resistance and switch processed, switching circuit connect DC power supply, above-mentioned protective resistance connection DC power supply and solenoid
Between；
The three-level agitating unit includes: detachable spray head and three-level agitator arm, and detachable spray head is circular platform type, on
End is fixed on the lower end surface of medium-sized agitator, the upper end diameter D of detachable spray head1Meet 1/3≤D between sprinkler height H1/H
≤ 1, the lower end diameter D of detachable spray head2Meet 1≤D between the length L for the steel fibre being added2/ L≤1.4, three-level stirring
Impeller is mounted on the lower part of impeller shaft close to outlet port, and the impeller angle with horizontal plane θ in three-level agitator arm meets
50°≤θ≤70°。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Present system can directly print special-shaped absorbent structure without pouring mold, can be with intelligent positioning steel fibre
It is distributed it along printing path, promotes the tensile capacity along printing path direction；And without according to concrete component shape
Externally-applied magnetic field is customized, is more applicable for producing in enormous quantities.
Present system is promoted by improving concrete flowability using the first order, the classification stirring of second level agitating unit
The uniformity of steel fibre distribution, to lay the basis of fiber alignment；It is stirred by the third level, reaches the effect of physical fiber orientation
Fruit；Effect of the magnetic field generated simultaneously by directional fiber unit to steel fibre, achievees the effect that electromagnetism fiber alignment, finally not
The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of printing concrete is only improved, the mechanical strength for improving concrete is reinforced also by fiber alignment.Steel
The magnetic permeability μ > > 1 of fiber has the very strong intensity of magnetization, therefore use the power on solenoid so steel fibre belongs to ferromagnetic material
To carry out the arrangement of precisely effective control fiber with spatial position be feasible in magnetic field, and directional effect is significant.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram that 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber of the present invention is classified feeding system；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of second level agitating unit of the present invention and fiber alignment unit；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of three-level agitating unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the directional effect figure of the printed product of embodiment 1.
In figure, 1- control unit, 2- siccative storage mechanism, 3- wet feed storage mechanism, 4- large size agitator, 5- paddle
Wheel, 7- second level agitating unit, the medium-sized agitator of 71-, 72- impeller shaft, the medium-sized impeller of 73-, 74- assist impeller and its coaxial anti-
To device, 8- solenoid, the detachable spray head of 9-, 6- three-level agitator arm.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described, and the present embodiment is not constituted to limit of the invention
System.
3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber of the present invention is classified feeding system, including control unit 1, is used for dry and wet
Material is preliminary to weigh the level-one agitating unit being mixed, second level agitating unit, fiber alignment unit, three-level agitating unit, control
Unit 1 controls feeding type, the quality of level-one agitating unit, the operating frequency of each agitating unit, the duration of runs, fiber alignment list
Electromagnetic parameter, 3D printing speed, the spray head speed of service etc. of member, control whole system operation；The delivery outlet of level-one agitating unit
The feed inlet of second level agitating unit is connected, second level agitating unit delivery outlet connects three-level agitating unit and fiber alignment unit；
The level-one agitating unit includes: siccative storage mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3, large-scale agitator 4, siccative deposit
Mechanism and wet feed storage mechanism not only have storage material function, and are equipped with automatic weighing device in bottom, automatic weighing dress
Connection control unit is set to be conveyed into large-scale agitator, in large-scale agitator after dry and wet material is by control unit control weighing
Agitator arm is set, material is sufficiently stirred, second level agitating unit is transported to by delivery pipe after mixing evenly.Siccative deposit
Mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3 can connect large-scale agitator by delivery pipe and be fed for it, can also be by siccative storage mechanism
2, the outlet of wet feed storage mechanism 3 is arranged in right above the entrance of large-scale agitator, siccative storage mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3
Outlet diagonally downward is set, and material is due in gravity pours into large-scale agitator.
The second level agitating unit (referring to fig. 2) includes: medium-sized agitator 71, impeller shaft 72, medium-sized impeller 73, auxiliary
Help impeller and its coaxial reversing device 74, by upper level agitating unit by delivery pipe conveying come material, in impeller and auxiliary
Under the collective effect of impeller, it is distributed steel fibre in material more uniform, lays the foundation for fiber alignment；Medium-sized stirring
The lower part of bucket 71 is the revolving body that section is gradually reduced, and along the axial setting impeller shaft 72 of medium-sized agitator, is stirred positioned at medium-sized
It mixes and medium-sized impeller is set on the impeller shaft 72 in bucket, it is coaxial anti-in the coaxially connected coaxial reversing device in the top of impeller shaft
Auxiliary impeller is fixedly connected on the side of device, coaxial reversing device can be to connect by gear or bearing with impeller shaft
The opposite mechanism of rotation direction, auxiliary impeller rotates synchronously with coaxial reversing device, assists the lateral surface of impeller close to medium-sized
The inner wall of agitator, shape and the interior shape of medium-sized agitator match；
The fiber alignment unit includes three solenoids 12, and three solenoids are from top to bottom successively in being arranged in
71 lower external face of type agitator, three solenoidal size selections should be slightly bigger than medium-sized agitator lower hollow cylinder outer diameter ruler
It is very little, it is proposed that specification 300-500 circle.It magnetic field produced by three solenoids can be mutually superimposed.Electric current is bigger in solenoid, and magnetic field is strong
Degree is bigger, and generation electromagnetic force is bigger, and steel fibre is obvious in concrete orientation；When electric current is too small, magnetic field is generated to steel fibre
It is unobvious to tie up orientation.Each solenoid is independently connected respective switch circuit, is provided with electric current control in each switching circuit
Knob, protective resistance and switch processed, switching circuit connect 0A-20A 0V-30V DC power supply, and above-mentioned protective resistance connection is straight
Between galvanic electricity source (0A-20A 0V-30V) and solenoid, the safety of the DC power supply (0A-20A 0V-30V) is protected.It is described
Current control knob be used to control and provide the voltage and size of current of direct current for corresponding solenoid, by the control of control unit
(also manually controllable), control (also manually controllable) of the switch by control unit.
The three-level agitating unit includes: detachable spray head 9 and three-level agitator arm 6, and detachable spray head 9 is rotary table
Type, upper end are fixed on the lower end surface of medium-sized agitator, the upper end diameter D of detachable spray head 91Meet 1/3 between sprinkler height H
≤D1/ H≤1, and then guarantee the vertical transport of steel fibre, the lower end diameter D of detachable spray head 92With the length for the steel fibre being added
1≤D should be met between degree L2/ L≤1.4, three-level agitator arm 6 are mounted on the lower part of impeller shaft 72 close to outlet port, and
Impeller angle with horizontal plane θ in three-level agitator arm should meet the condition of 50 °≤θ≤70 ° to guarantee the smooth fixed of steel fibre
To extrusion.
The lower part of impeller shaft 72 is gradually reduced, and medium-sized agitator lower end surface is stretched out in bottom, and gos deep into detachable spray head 9
It is interior.
The automatic weighing device and agitator arm 5 of above-mentioned level-one agitating unit, impeller shaft 72, current control knob,
Switch is electrically connected with control unit, and is controlled by control unit.
It is powered to three solenoids, is in the steel fibre into medium-sized agitator lower part in electromagnetic field, electromagnetic field adds
Enter and mainly the arrangement of steel fibre is made more to be intended to same direction, the consistent steel fibre of arragement direction can effectively share this
The tensile stress in direction, the steel fibre across crack two sides can prevent the further development in crack, be conducive to improve concrete
Crack resistance, with the unidirectional steel fibre in crack to the promotion of cracking of reinforced concrete almost without effect.Therefore improve steel fibre
Arrangement while also improve the intensity of fiber concrete.
It is connected between large-scale agitator and second level agitating unit by delivery pipe, for being conveyed through the concrete of level-one stirring
Material enters second level agitating unit, is distributed steel fibre in printed material more uniform.Material is after mixing evenly, it is also necessary to root
Determine the size of electromagnetic force needed for fiber alignment according to the characteristic of printed material, for example, material mobility and steel fibre volume
It will influence the size of added directional magnetic field.
The present invention before formal printing, electromagnetic force needed for needing to determine fiber alignment according to the characteristic of printed material it is big
It is small.The size of required electromagnetic force is related with the workability of steel fiber reinforced concrete mixture, and electromagnetic force needed for workability is better is more
Small, workability is poorer, and required electromagnetic force is bigger.The size of required electromagnetic force exists to three solenoids by current control knob
Adjustment under certain sequence changes field strength size of the electromagnetic field in medium-sized agitator different location, to obtain different size
Electric field force is to control the orientation situation of steel fibre.It is laggard to obtain the suitable solenoid electrical current size under this material mix proportion
Row printing.
It is using the course of work that present system carries out 3D printing orientation steel fibre wave absorption concrete:
Siccative and liquid storage, are entered 2 He of siccative storage mechanism respectively by siccative material storage mechanism and wet feed storage mechanism stock
Wet feed storage mechanism 3 requires trial printed material according to the ratio according to printed test specimen, determines orientation steel fibre institute by test print
Need solenoid electrical current size.
High-volume ingredient is conveyed into large-scale agitator 4 from storage mechanism weighing as needed, is beaten after being sufficiently stirred
Print material.
Printed material is delivered to second level agitating unit 7 by delivery pipe, futher stirs and promotes the equal of steel fibre distribution
Even property；Solenoid is powered simultaneously, under electro magnetic field electromagnetic orientation and the collective effect of 6 physical orientation of three-level agitator arm, into
Row printing.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment system includes control unit 1, siccative storage mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3, and large-scale agitator 4 stirs
Mix impeller 5, second level agitating unit 7, protective resistance, switch, current control knob, DC power supply, solenoid 8, detachable spray head
9, three-level agitator arm 6.Second level agitating unit includes medium-sized agitator 71, impeller shaft 72, medium-sized impeller 73, assist impeller and
Its coaxial reversing device 74.
The lower part of medium-sized agitator 71 is the revolving body that section is gradually reduced, and the axial setting impeller along medium-sized agitator turns
Medium-sized impeller is arranged on the impeller shaft 72 in medium-sized agitator in axis 72, coaxially connected coaxial on the top of impeller shaft
Reversing device is fixedly connected with auxiliary impeller, the rotation side of coaxial reversing device and impeller shaft on the side of coaxial reversing device
To on the contrary, auxiliary impeller is rotated synchronously with coaxial reversing device, assist the lateral surface of impeller close to the inner wall of medium-sized agitator, shape
The interior shape of shape and medium-sized agitator matches；Coaxial reversing device is bearing arrangement, realizes and turns with the reversed of impeller shaft
It is dynamic；
The fiber alignment unit includes three solenoids 12, and three solenoids are from top to bottom successively in being arranged in
71 lower external face of type agitator, each solenoid are independently connected respective switch circuit, are provided with electricity in each switching circuit
Flow control knob, protective resistance and switch, switching circuit connect DC power supply, above-mentioned protective resistance connection DC power supply and spiral shell
Between spool；
The three-level agitating unit includes: detachable spray head 9 and three-level agitator arm 6, and detachable spray head 9 is rotary table
Type, upper end are fixed on the lower end surface of medium-sized agitator, and three-level agitator arm 6 is mounted on the lower part of impeller shaft 72 close to outlet position
It sets, the level-one agitating unit includes: siccative storage mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3, large-scale agitator 4, siccative storage mechanism
Automatic weighing device is installed with wet feed storage mechanism bottom, automatic weighing device connects control unit, siccative storage mechanism 2,
The outlet of wet feed storage mechanism 3 is arranged in right above the entrance of large-scale agitator, and siccative storage mechanism 2, wet feed storage mechanism 3 are set
Set outlet diagonally downward.
The automatic weighing device and agitator arm 5 of above-mentioned level-one agitating unit, impeller shaft 72, current control knob,
Switch is electrically connected with control unit.
Jet diameters 12mm in the present embodiment, length of steel fiber 14mm, impeller and horizontal plane in three-level agitator arm 6 press from both sides
Angle θ is 60 °, print speed 5mm/s.Three solenoidal sizes are greater than medium-sized agitator lower hollow cylinder outer diameter,
And the number of turns is all the same, is 400 circles.Formula in the present embodiment is common C30 concrete, in addition steel fibre.
First step trial printed material determines solenoid electrical current size: prepared steel fibre mortar mixture
It is conveyed into large-scale agitator, stirs and carry out printing technology, while solenoid being powered, steel fibre is in three-level paddle at this time
Orientation is completed under the influence of while wheel and electromagnetic field, determines solenoid electrical current size.
Second step formally prints: after adjusting input current, opening control unit from storage mechanism weighing, automatic material weighing is defeated
It send and stirs, printed under the action of fiber alignment unit by print speed 5mm/s.
Third step test piece maintenance: it after the completion of test specimen printing, is carried again after 24-36 hours need to be stood, during standing
It needs to be covered with plastic film and thermal insulation material (such as woollen blanket, careless felt), preventing moisture from evaporating, too fast or temperature is too low to cause surface
It cracks.
By printing test and electromagnetic wave absorption test, above system can smoothly realize fiber alignment and electromagnetic wave absorption material
The printing of material.As shown in figure 4, steel fibre is distributed each along printing path, electromagnetic wave absorption reflectivity is that -14db (is better than common C30
- the 5 of concrete~-8db).The present embodiment can print the steel fibre also longer than jet diameters, also further illustrate this
Invention system realizes the orientation of steel fibre.
The present invention does not address place and is suitable for the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of 3D printing electromagnetic wave absorption concrete directional fiber is classified feeding system, including control unit, at the beginning of dry and wet material
Step weighs the level-one agitating unit being mixed, which is characterized in that the system further includes second level agitating unit, fiber alignment unit
With three-level agitating unit, the feed inlet of the delivery outlet connection second level agitating unit of level-one agitating unit, the output of second level agitating unit
Mouth connection three-level agitating unit and fiber alignment unit；
The second level agitating unit includes: medium-sized agitator, impeller shaft, medium-sized impeller, auxiliary impeller and its coaxial reversed
Device, the lower part of medium-sized agitator are the revolving body that section is gradually reduced, along the axial setting impeller shaft of medium-sized agitator, position
In medium-sized impeller is arranged on the impeller shaft in medium-sized agitator, in the coaxially connected coaxial reversing device in the top of impeller shaft,
It is fixedly connected with auxiliary impeller on the side of coaxial reversing device, the rotation direction of coaxial reversing device and impeller shaft is on the contrary, auxiliary
Help impeller to rotate synchronously with coaxial reversing device, assist the lateral surface of impeller close to the inner wall of medium-sized agitator, shape with it is medium-sized
The interior shape of agitator matches；
The fiber alignment unit includes three solenoids, and three solenoids from top to bottom successively surround and are arranged in medium-sized stirring
Bucket lower external face, each solenoid are independently connected respective switch circuit, and current control rotation is provided in each switching circuit
Button, protective resistance and switch, switching circuit connect DC power supply, above-mentioned protective resistance connection DC power supply and solenoid it
Between；
The three-level agitating unit includes: detachable spray head and three-level agitator arm, and detachable spray head is circular platform type, and upper end is solid
It is scheduled on the lower end surface of medium-sized agitator, the upper end diameter D of detachable spray head1Meet 1/3≤D between sprinkler height H1/ H≤1,
The lower end diameter D of detachable spray head2Meet 1≤D between the length L for the steel fibre being added2/ L≤1.4, three-level agitator arm
The lower part of impeller shaft is mounted on close to outlet port, and 50 ° of impeller angle with horizontal plane θ satisfaction in three-level agitator arm≤
θ≤70°。
2. feeding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that three solenoidal sizes are greater than under medium-sized agitator
Portion's hollow cylinder outer diameter, specification are 300-500 circle.
3. feeding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lower part of impeller shaft is gradually reduced, and bottom is stretched
Medium-sized agitator lower end surface out, and go deep into detachable spray head.
4. feeding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the level-one agitating unit includes: siccative deposit machine
Structure, wet feed storage mechanism, large-scale agitator, siccative storage mechanism and wet feed storage mechanism bottom are equipped with automatic weighing device,
Automatic weighing device connects control unit, and entering for large-scale agitator is arranged in the outlet of siccative storage mechanism, wet feed storage mechanism
Right above mouthful, siccative storage mechanism, the outlet of wet feed storage mechanism setting diagonally downward.
5. feeding system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the automatic weighing device of above-mentioned level-one agitating unit
And agitator arm, impeller shaft, current control knob, switch are electrically connected with control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201910043939.9A CN109719851B (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-01-17 | 3D printing electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete directional fiber grading feeding system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910043939.9A CN109719851B (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-01-17 | 3D printing electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete directional fiber grading feeding system |
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| CN109719851A true CN109719851A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109719851B CN109719851B (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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| CN113547607A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-26 | 河北工业大学 | Device for preparing 3D printing oriented steel fiber reinforced cement-based composite material |
| CN115319889A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-11 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method and system of self-adaptive steel fiber concrete prefabricated part |
| CN116573901A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-08-11 | 重庆大学溧阳智慧城市研究院 | Directional steel fiber electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete super structure based on 3D printing technology |
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| CN116573901A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-08-11 | 重庆大学溧阳智慧城市研究院 | Directional steel fiber electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete super structure based on 3D printing technology |
| CN116573901B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-12-05 | 重庆大学溧阳智慧城市研究院 | Directional steel fiber electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete super structure based on 3D printing technology |
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