CN109719587B - Polishing mechanism with variable eccentricity value and variable transmission ratio by threaded screw - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polishing mechanism with variable transmission ratio by changing an eccentric value through a threaded lead screw, which comprises a shell, wherein a guide rail sliding block mechanism is fixed at the bottom in the shell, a base is fixed on a sliding block, the top of the base is covered with a top cover, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the top cover and the shell. An overrunning clutch arranged in the gear and a bearing arranged in a thrust supporting plate are fixed on the sliding table rotating shaft, and the thrust supporting plate is fixed on the base; two side surfaces of the sliding table are fixed in a counterweight flywheel through a guide rail sliding block mechanism, a threaded screw rod is fixed between the counterweight flywheel and the sliding table, the upper end of the counterweight flywheel is connected with a speed reducer, a servo motor is fixed on the speed reducer, the speed reducer is fixed on a connecting flange, and the connecting flange is fixed on the shell. Three gears are fixed on the rotating shaft, the spline nut is fixed at the bottom in the base, the gears are fixed on the spline nut, the cylinder connecting piece is fixed in the base, and the low-friction cylinder is fixed on the cylinder connecting piece. By adopting the structure, the space can be greatly saved, the weight is reduced, and the structure is suitable for precision machining.

Description

Polishing mechanism with variable eccentricity value and variable transmission ratio by threaded screw

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of robots, in particular to a polishing mechanism with variable eccentricity value and variable transmission ratio through a threaded screw.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology and economic development, the demand for aspherical optical components, especially large-diameter aspherical high-precision optical components, is increasing day by day. However, most of the existing polishing mechanisms have low precision and unstable dynamic performance, making it difficult to meet the requirements of optical components. Ultra-precision machining requirements, and the polishing range and speed are not adjustable during the polishing process. Centering on the society's requirements for high-efficiency, high-reliability, and engineering processing of aspherical components, the present invention conducts an optimization study on a large-diameter aspherical robot numerical control polishing mechanism.

The Chinese Patent Application No. 201410695226.8 discloses "a feed-type eccentric adjustable automatic polishing device", which includes a support mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an eccentric adjustable polishing mechanism. The overall structure is exposed, and a large amount of dust generated during the polishing operation will have a great impact on the operation of the mechanism. At the same time, the entire mechanism is driven by three motors, which has a low degree of modularity and a low degree of compact structure, and the eccentricity cannot be adjusted at a fixed value.

The Chinese patent with the application number 201810233223.0 discloses "a lens polishing machine". The device includes a machine tool, a working chamber, a shaft seat, a grinding head and other structures, and a pressure sensor system at the same time. The structure is complex, and the polishing liquid nozzle and the grinding head are separated and integrated. At the same time, the radius of the lens that can be processed is too small, and the method of using the thimble to press the lens against the grinding head for processing cannot meet the accuracy requirements of slightly high-precision optical equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing mechanism that changes the eccentricity value and the transmission ratio of the threaded screw. The adjustment of the eccentric value and the change of the transmission ratio, and the simple operation when the eccentricity needs to be adjusted, the operation efficiency of the polishing mechanism is improved, and the machining accuracy is improved, so as to meet the society's demand for high-precision machining of large-diameter aspherical components.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

The polishing mechanism with the eccentric value changed by the threaded screw and the variable transmission ratio includes a cylindrical casing, two guide rail installation grooves are longitudinally opened on the inner bottom wall of the casing, and longitudinal guide rail slides are installed in the guide rail installation grooves. A block structure, a connecting plate is fixed on the slider of the longitudinal guide slider structure, a lateral guide slider structure is installed on the connecting plate, and the guide rail of the longitudinal guide slider structure is connected with the lateral guide slider structure. The guide rails are placed perpendicular to each other, two arc-shaped installation grooves are opened on the side wall of the casing along the circumferential direction of the casing, the left end of the base is placed through the two arc-shaped installation grooves, and the bottom wall of the base is parallel to the lateral The sliders of the rail-slider structure are fixedly connected, and a top cover of the base is fixed on the top surface of the exposed shell part of the base;

A connecting flange is fixed on the casing, screw holes for connecting with the end of the hybrid robot are punched on the side of the connecting flange, and a servo motor is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the connecting flange. The rotating shaft of the servo motor is arranged in the vertical direction and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the input shaft of the reducer;

The reducer is fixedly connected to the connecting flange by screws, and the bottom surface of the end of the reducer is fixedly connected to the counterweight flywheel by screws. There are installation grooves in the sliding direction of the block. On the front and rear side walls of the installation groove, the sliders of the internal guide rail slider structure are respectively fixed and installed along the longitudinal direction of the installation groove, and the front and rear side walls of a mobile sliding table are respectively fixed with The inner guide rail that is slidably connected to the slider of the inner guide rail slider structure on the corresponding side is provided with a semi-cylindrical screw mounting hole in the middle of the top surface of the moving slide table and the middle of the bottom surface of the counterweight flywheel, and two semi-cylindrical A cylindrical screw mounting hole is formed by a cylindrical screw mounting hole. A threaded screw is installed in the cylindrical screw mounting hole along the horizontal direction. On the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical screw mounting hole of the mobile slide table, a The inner thread of the lead screw is engaged and matched, and the left end of the threaded lead screw is rotatably connected with a disc, and the disc is fixed in the left wall of the counterweight flywheel;

A sliding table rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the bottom wall of the moving sliding table along the vertical direction. The sliding table rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the bearing, the sliding table rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the upper overrunning clutch and the lower overrunning clutch, respectively, and the top surface of the bearing is pressed and arranged under the shaft shoulder of the sliding table rotating shaft. The support plate and the base are fixedly connected by screws, the bottom surface of the bearing is separated from the upper overrunning clutch by a sleeve, the first gear is fixed on the outer ring of the lower overrunning clutch, and the second gear is fixed on the upper overrunning clutch. On the outer ring of the clutch, the upper overrunning clutch is separated from the lower overrunning clutch by a sleeve installed on the rotating shaft of the sliding table of the moving slide, and the lower overrunning clutch is axially fixed by the sleeve installed on the base. The connection direction of the clutch and the first gear is opposite to the connection direction of the upper overrunning clutch and the second gear, so that when the slide table rotating shaft of the moving slide table rotates, the state of the engagement or disengagement of the upper overrunning clutch and the second gear is the same as that of the lower one. The overrunning clutch and the first gear are in the opposite state of engagement or disengagement;

A rotating shaft is installed between the bottom plate of the base and the top cover of the base along the longitudinal direction of the base, and the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the bottom plate and the top cover of the base through bearings, respectively. The middle part is respectively connected with a third gear and a fourth gear through a key, the third gear and the fourth gear are separated by a shoulder on the rotating shaft, and the third gear is carried out by a boss arranged on the base. Axial positioning, the fifth gear is fixedly connected above the top surface of the fourth gear by screws, when the second gear meshes with the fifth gear, it will drive the fourth gear to rotate and drive backwards, the second gear and the first gear Mesh transmission with the fifth gear and the third gear respectively;

The sixth gear meshes with the fourth gear, and the sixth gear is fixed on the spline nut of the rotating ball spline through long screws, and the spline nut is fixed on the base through the flange outer ring, and is arranged in the vertical direction The spline shaft of the rotating ball spline is engaged with the spline nut, the base connecting piece is fixed on the base with screws, the top surface of the base connecting piece is connected to the low-friction cylinder through a boss, and the low-friction cylinder The output shaft of the friction cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spline shaft.

The advantage of the present invention is that the polishing mechanism adjusts the eccentric distance between the axis of the moving slide table and the axis of the motor by screwing the threaded screw, so that the eccentricity can be quickly adjusted in the entire polishing process. The whole mechanism adopts gear meshing transmission, and the space is more fully utilized. The mechanism adopts an overrunning clutch, which realizes the work and disconnection of different transmission routes through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor and the forward and reverse installation of the overrunning clutch on the shaft. The number of gear teeth on the transmission route is allocated according to actual needs, and it is not necessary to disassemble and change the structure. Realize different transmission ratio transmission. The design is simple and reliable, and at the same time, the work efficiency is greatly improved, and it is suitable for actual production use.

External detachable counterweights can be added on both sides of the counterweight flywheel. The base is designed with a hollow lead block structure. The reasonable weight is placed through dynamic balance and static balance calculation, so that the overall movement of the polishing mechanism is stable and high processing accuracy is guaranteed.

Description of drawings

1 is an exploded schematic view of the internal structure of the polishing mechanism described in this embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the top cover of the polishing mechanism according to the present embodiment;

3 is an exploded schematic view of the transmission structure of the polishing mechanism described in this embodiment;

4 is a schematic top view of the assembly of the casing of the polishing mechanism and the cross guide rail according to the present embodiment;

5 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the polishing mechanism described in the present embodiment removing the casing, the base top cover, and the connecting flange;

FIG. 6 is a schematic assembly diagram of the eccentric adjustment structure of the polishing mechanism according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the eccentric adjustment structure of the polishing mechanism according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the polishing mechanism according to this embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific installation working methods. The preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that a thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure is provided.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the polishing mechanism of the present invention, which can change the eccentricity value and the transmission ratio through the threaded screw, includes a cylindrical casing 27, and two guide rail installation grooves are opened on the inner bottom wall of the casing 27 in the longitudinal direction. A longitudinal guide slider structure is installed in the guide rail installation groove, a connecting plate 15 is fixed on the slider of the longitudinal guide slider structure, and a transverse guide slider structure is installed on the connecting plate 15. The guide rail 14 of the guide rail slider structure and the guide rail of the lateral guide rail slider structure are placed perpendicular to each other, and two arc-shaped installation grooves are opened on the side wall of the casing 27 along the circumferential direction of the casing, and the left end of the base 26 passes through the two arc-shaped installation grooves. An arc-shaped installation groove is placed, and the bottom wall of the base 26 is fixedly connected with the slider of the lateral guide slider structure. A base top cover 28 is fixed on the top surface of the portion of the base 26 exposed to the casing 27 .

A connecting flange 25 is fixed on the casing 27 , and screw holes for connecting with the end of the hybrid robot are punched on the side of the connecting flange 25 . The robot can move in a certain space with a polishing mechanism. A servo motor 1 is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the connecting flange 25. The rotating shaft of the servo motor 1 is arranged in the vertical direction and is connected with the input shaft of the reducer 2. Coaxial fixed connection.

Preferably, the reducer adopts a precision planetary gear reducer, which has the advantages of small size, light weight, high bearing capacity, long service life, stable operation, low noise, large output torque, large speed ratio, high efficiency and safe performance. specialty. It has the characteristics of power splitting and multi-tooth meshing.

The reducer 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 25 by screws, and the bottom surface of the end of the reducer 2 is fixedly connected to the counterweight flywheel 3 through screws, and is inward in the middle of the bottom surface of the counterweight flywheel 3 and along the longitudinal guide rail. There are installation grooves in the sliding direction of the sliding block of the sliding block structure, and the sliding blocks of the internal guide block structure are respectively fixed and installed on the front and rear side walls of the said installation groove along the longitudinal direction of the installation groove. The inner guide rails that are slidably connected with the sliders of the inner guide rail slider structure of the corresponding side are respectively fixed on the side walls, and semi-cylindrical wires are respectively opened in the middle of the top surface of the moving slide table 5 and the middle of the bottom surface of the counterweight flywheel 3 screw mounting holes, two semi-cylindrical screw mounting holes form a cylindrical screw mounting hole, a threaded screw 4 is installed in the horizontal direction in the cylindrical screw mounting hole, The inner wall of the screw mounting hole is provided with an internal thread that engages with the threaded screw 4. The left end of the threaded screw 4 is rotatably connected to a disc 29, and the disc 29 is fixed on the left wall of the counterweight flywheel 3. Inside. Preferably, in order to facilitate the rotation of the threaded screw 4 , a hexagonal inner hole is opened in the middle of the left end of the threaded screw 4 .

In the middle of the bottom wall of the movable sliding table 5, a sliding table rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the vertical direction. In the initial position, the axis of the sliding table rotating shaft 10 coincides with the axis of the motor, and the eccentric distance is zero. The inner hexagonal hole of the screw head makes the threaded screw rotate, and the moving slide table 5 is connected with the threaded screw 4 through the central thread. Because the threaded screw 4 is connected to the counterweight flywheel 3 through the rotation of the disc 29, it cannot slide. Therefore, the moving slide will move the corresponding distance.

The sliding table rotating shaft 10 sequentially passes through the bearing 6 installed in the thrust support plate 7, the upper overrunning clutch 8 and the lower overrunning clutch 11 from top to bottom, the sliding table rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected with the bearing 6, and the The rotary shaft 10 of the sliding table is fixedly connected with the upper overrunning clutch 8 and the lower overrunning clutch 11 respectively. The top surface of the bearing 6 is pressed and arranged under the shaft shoulder of the rotary shaft 10 of the sliding table, the thrust support plate 7 and the base 26 are fixedly connected by screws, and the bottom surface of the bearing 6 is separated from the upper overrunning clutch by a sleeve. , the first gear 12 is fixed on the outer ring of the lower overrunning clutch 11, the second gear 9 is fixed on the outer ring of the upper overrunning clutch 8, and the upper overrunning clutch 8 passes through the sliding table rotating shaft 10 installed on the moving sliding table. The upper sleeve is separated from the lower overrunning clutch 11, and the lower overrunning clutch 11 is axially fixed by the sleeve installed on the base. The connection direction of the lower overrunning clutch 11 and the first gear 12 is opposite to the connection direction of the upper overrunning clutch 8 and the second gear 9, so that when the sliding table rotating shaft 10 of the moving sliding table rotates, the upper overrunning clutch 8 and the second gear 9 are connected. The state in which the second gear 9 is engaged or disengaged is opposite to the state in which the lower overrunning clutch 11 and the first gear 12 are engaged or disengaged.

The preferred upper overrunning clutch and lower overrunning clutch are sprag type overrunning clutches (available in the market). The sprag type overrunning clutch is a device with self-clutching function by utilizing the change of the rotational direction of the main and driven parts. Both the overrunning clutch and the wedge-type lower overrunning clutch are connected with the rotary shaft 10 of the sliding table through keys. The first gear 12 and the wedge-type lower overrunning clutch are connected by the wedges arranged in the opposite grooves, and the second gear 9 and the wedge-type upper overrunning clutch are also connected by the wedges arranged in the two oppositely arranged grooves. The wedge blocks in the oppositely arranged grooves are connected. The connection direction of the wedge-type lower overrunning clutch and the first gear 12 is opposite to the connection direction of the wedge-type upper overrunning clutch and the first gear 12 so that the moving slide shaft rotates, the wedge-type upper overrunning clutch and the first gear 12 are connected in the opposite direction. The state of engagement or disengagement of a gear is opposite to the state of engagement or disengagement of the sprag lower overrunning clutch and the first gear 12 . Thereby, the two transmission routes transmitted from the upper second gear 9 and the lower first gear 12 are activated or disconnected, and the variable transmission ratio of the mechanism is realized. Of course, the overrunning clutch can also use a ball clutch or the like.

The second gear and the first gear are respectively engaged with the fifth gear 18 and the third gear 16 for transmission.

A rotating shaft 19 is installed between the bottom plate of the base 26 and the base top cover 28 along the longitudinal direction of the base. The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 19 are rotatably connected to the bottom plate and the base top cover through bearings. A third gear 16 and a fourth gear 17 are respectively connected to the lower end and the middle of the rotating shaft through a key, and the third gear 16 and the fourth gear 17 are separated by a shoulder on the rotating shaft 19. The third gear 16 is positioned axially through the boss provided on the base, and the fifth gear 18 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the fourth gear 17 by screws. When the second gear 9 meshes with the fifth gear 18, it will drive the The fourth gear 17 rotates and drives backward, and the second gear and the first gear mesh with the fifth gear 18 and the third gear 16 for transmission respectively.

The sixth gear 22 meshes with the fourth gear 17 , and the sixth gear 22 is fixed on the spline nut 23 of the rotating ball spline by long screws. The spline nut 23 is fixed on the base 26 through the outer ring of the flange. The spline shaft 24 of the rotating ball spline arranged in the vertical direction is engaged with the spline nut 23 . The working principle of the rotating ball spline is to rotate the spline nut 23 engaged with the spline shaft 24, so that the spline shaft 24 rotates, and the end of the spline shaft 24 is used to connect the actuator, so that the end of the spline shaft 24 is connected. The polishing disc and other actuators perform rotary motion, and the advantages are zero clearance in the direction of rotation and high positioning accuracy. Adapt to high-speed movement, smooth operation, low working noise, easy installation and space saving.

The base connector 21 is fixed on the base 26 by screws, and the top surface of the base connector 21 is connected to the low-friction cylinder 20 through a boss. The low-friction cylinder is available in the market and has a mature internal structure. Its working principle is: Through the intake and exhaust of the upper and lower air inlets, the internal structure is pushed up and down within the stroke. It has the characteristics of small sliding resistance and stable movement, and can maintain a certain output force at the same time. It is especially suitable for grinding and polishing lenses, glass, etc. occasion. The output shaft of the low-friction cylinder 20 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft 24, so that the actuator connected to the end of the spline shaft 24 can move up and down within a certain stroke.

The preferred counterweight flywheel 3 of the present invention is in the shape of a semi-disc, with a simple structure, and at the same time, a counterweight can be added as required to meet actual production requirements.

The working process of the polishing mechanism of the present invention is as follows: the entire polishing mechanism is driven by a servo motor, the servo motor outputs torque, and the torque is transmitted to the counterweight flywheel through the reducer, and the threaded screw, the moving slide table and the counterweight flywheel are fixedly connected. Can rotate synchronously. At the initial position, the shaft of the moving slide is coaxial with the motor output shaft, and the eccentric value is zero. The eccentric distance can be adjusted by screwing the screw 4. The thrust support plate 7 is installed on the base 26, and the upper end of the moving slide shaft passes through The bearing pushes the thrust support plate 7, and then drives the entire base and the end polishing head to achieve translation on the plane through the cross guide rails and guide rail sliders installed on the inner bottom surface of the housing 27. An overrunning clutch is installed in the first gear and the second gear on the rotating shaft 19 of the moving slide, respectively. When the motor rotates forward, the second gear is disconnected under the action of the overrunning clutch, and the torque passes through the reducer and the counterweight flywheel. Threaded screw, moving slide table, first gear 12, third gear 16, fourth gear 17 and keys are transmitted to the shaft 19, the fourth gear meshes with the sixth gear, and the sixth gear drives the end spline to rotate to achieve a When the motor reverses, the first gear is disconnected under the action of the overrunning clutch, and the second gear meshes and rotates to transmit torque to the lower level, which drives the spline to rotate, and realizes the transmission of another transmission ratio.

In the actual installation and use process, the motor reducer is first connected to the connecting flange, the counterweight flywheel is installed to the end of the reducer through screws from bottom to top, and the moving slide is fixedly connected to the counterweight flywheel through the guide sliders on both sides. A threaded lead screw is installed between the sliding table and the counterweight flywheel. The eccentric distance is adjusted by adjusting the threaded lead screw. The base is placed on the guide rail slider through the casing. The rotating shaft in the base is assembled and the first and second gears swing. After putting it away, assemble the above motor reducer, connecting flange, counterweight flywheel, adjusting lead screw, and moving slide as a whole, and then insert it into the first and second gears, connect the connecting flange to the casing, and finally Attach the base end cap to the base.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brief description, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, all It should be considered as the range described in this specification.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and are not limited in the art. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill can also make some modifications and improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. Through the changeable polishing mechanism of screw thread lead screw change eccentric value and drive ratio, including cylindric shell (27), its characterized in that: two guide rail mounting grooves are formed in the bottom wall of the shell along the longitudinal direction, a longitudinal guide rail sliding block structure is mounted in the guide rail mounting grooves, a connecting plate (15) is fixed on a sliding block of the longitudinal guide rail sliding block structure, a transverse guide rail sliding block structure is mounted on the connecting plate, a guide rail (14) of the longitudinal guide rail sliding block structure and a guide rail of the transverse guide rail sliding block structure are vertically arranged, two arc-shaped mounting grooves are oppositely formed in the side wall of the shell (27) along the circumferential direction of the shell, the left end of a base (26) penetrates through the two arc-shaped mounting grooves to be arranged, the bottom wall of the base is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the transverse guide rail sliding block structure, and a base top cover (28) is fixed on the top surface;

a connecting flange (25) is fixed on the shell, a screw hole for connecting the tail end of the hybrid robot is arranged on the side surface of the connecting flange, a servo motor (1) is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the connecting flange, and a rotating shaft of the servo motor is arranged in the vertical direction and is fixedly connected with an input shaft of a speed reducer (2) coaxially;

reduction gear (2) through screw fixed connection on flange (25), reduction gear terminal underrun screw and counter weight flywheel (3) fixed connection the middle of the counter weight flywheel bottom surface inwards just open along the slider slip direction of longitudinal rail slider structure has the mounting groove around on the lateral wall along the vertical fixed mounting respectively of mounting groove have the slider of inside guide rail slider structure, be fixed with the inside guide rail of the inside guide rail slider structure with corresponding side respectively on the lateral wall around a removal slip table (5) the inside guide rail of slider sliding connection of the inside guide rail slider structure, removal slip table top surface in the middle of and the bottom surface of counter weight flywheel in the middle of open respectively semi-cylindrical lead screw mounting hole, cylindrical lead screw mounting hole is constituteed to two semi-cylindrical lead screw mounting holes, installs a screw thread lead screw (4) along the horizontal direction in cylindrical lead screw mounting hole, the inner wall of a semi-cylindrical lead screw mounting hole of the movable sliding table is provided with an internal thread meshed with the threaded lead screw, the left end of the threaded lead screw is rotationally connected with a disc (29), and the disc is fixed in the left wall of the counterweight flywheel;

a sliding table rotating shaft (10) is arranged in the middle of the bottom wall of the movable sliding table (5) along the vertical direction, the sliding table rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through a bearing (6) arranged in a thrust supporting plate (7), an upper overtaking clutch (8) and a lower overtaking clutch (11) from top to bottom, the sliding table rotating shaft is connected with the bearing in a rotating mode, the sliding table rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the upper overtaking clutch and the lower overtaking clutch respectively, the top surface of the bearing is pressed and arranged below the shaft shoulder of the sliding table rotating shaft, the thrust supporting plate is fixedly connected with the base through screws, the bottom surface of the bearing is separated from the upper overtaking clutch through a sleeve, a first gear (12) is fixed on the lower overtaking clutch outer ring, a second gear (9) is fixed on the upper overtaking clutch outer ring, and the upper overtaking clutch is separated from the lower overtaking clutch through a sleeve arranged on the sliding table rotating shaft of the movable sliding table, the lower overrunning clutch is axially fixed through a sleeve arranged on the base, the connecting direction of the lower overrunning clutch (11) and the first gear (12) is opposite to the connecting direction of the upper overrunning clutch (8) and the second gear (9) so that when a sliding table rotating shaft of the moving sliding table rotates, the state of connection or disconnection of the upper overrunning clutch and the second gear is opposite to the state of connection or disconnection of the lower overrunning clutch and the first gear;

a rotating shaft (19) is arranged between the bottom plate of the base and the top cover of the base along the longitudinal direction of the base, the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the bottom plate of the base and the top cover of the base through bearings, the lower end and the middle part of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with a third gear (16) and a fourth gear (17) through keys, the third gear and the fourth gear are separated through a shaft shoulder on the rotating shaft, the third gear is axially positioned through a boss arranged on the base, the fifth gear is fixedly connected above the top surface of the fourth gear through a screw, the fourth gear is driven to rotate and transmit backwards when the second gear (9) is meshed with the fifth gear (18), and the second gear and the first gear are respectively meshed with the fifth gear and the third gear for transmission;

sixth gear (22) with fourth gear engagement, the sixth gear passes through the long screw fixation on the spline female (23) of rotatory ball spline, the spline female passes through the flange outer lane to be fixed on the base, along the spline shaft (24) of the rotatory ball spline that vertical direction set up with the spline female meshing, base connecting piece (21) pass through the fix with screw on the base, the base connecting piece top surface passes through the boss and links to each other with low friction cylinder (20), the output shaft of low friction cylinder with the upper end fixed connection of spline shaft (24).

2. The variable eccentricity and variable ratio polishing mechanism of claim 1, wherein the threaded lead screw is used to change the eccentricity value, and the transmission ratio is variable: the speed reducer adopts a precise planetary gear speed reducer.

3. The polishing mechanism with variable eccentricity value and transmission ratio by a threaded lead screw according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the middle of the left end of the threaded lead screw is provided with an inner hexagonal hole.

4. The variable eccentricity and variable ratio polishing mechanism of claim 3, wherein the threaded lead screw is used to change the eccentricity value, and the transmission ratio is variable: the counterweight flywheel is in a semi-disc shape.

5. The variable eccentricity and variable ratio polishing mechanism of claim 4, wherein the threaded lead screw is used to change the eccentricity value, and the transmission ratio is variable, and the mechanism comprises: the upper overrunning clutch and the lower overrunning clutch are both wedge type overrunning clutches, the wedge type upper overrunning clutch and the wedge type lower overrunning clutch are connected with a rotating shaft of the movable sliding table through keys, the first gear and the wedge type lower overrunning clutch are connected through wedge blocks arranged in grooves which are oppositely arranged, the second gear and the wedge type upper overrunning clutch are also connected through wedge blocks arranged in grooves which are oppositely arranged, the connection direction of the wedge type lower overrunning clutch and the first gear is opposite to the connection direction of the wedge type upper overrunning clutch and the first gear so that the rotating shaft of the movable sliding table rotates, and the connection or disconnection state of the wedge type upper overrunning clutch and the first gear is opposite to the connection or disconnection state of the wedge type lower overrunning clutch and the first gear.

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