CN109718953B - Cyclone separator for coal-fired boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of industrial boilers, and particularly relates to a cyclone separator in a boiler, which comprises a flue gas separation guide member, a speed sensor for detecting the speed of flue gas and a control part, wherein the flue gas separation guide member guides the flue gas in an inner vortex, and when the speed of the flue gas is detected to be higher, a circular truncated cone in the flue gas separation guide member is controlled to descend, the inclination angle of a helical blade on the circular truncated cone is reduced, and the circular truncated cone has a buffering effect on the change of the speed direction of the outer vortex into the inner vortex.

Description

Cyclone separator for coal-fired boiler

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of industrial boilers, and particularly relates to a cyclone separator for a coal-fired boiler.

Background

The cyclone separator for filtering flue gas and recovering resources in the industrial boiler can separate coal particles which are mixed into the flue gas and are not burnt out for reuse, thereby saving energy and reducing emission. For example, a patent product of the national huaneng group clean energy technology research institute limited company, a double-cylinder turbine central cylinder structure of a cyclone separator, which can optimize the internal vortex of the separator, reduce the tail swing of air flow, avoid dust raising and improve the separation efficiency (reference CN 205851124U). A patent product of Harbin university of industry, a positive pressure operation cyclone separator, which can make the dust deposited at the bottom of the cyclone separator difficult to enter an inner vortex, avoid the phenomenon that the dust is taken away by an exhaust pipe therein, reduce the secondary effect, and is beneficial to improving the gas-solid separation efficiency (reference CN 102716820A).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cyclone separator for a coal-fired boiler, which can adjust the structure of the cyclone separator according to the speed of specific flue gas, so that the effect of separating gas and solid is good.

Which comprises a separation diversion piece, a speed sensor for detecting the flow speed of the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired boiler and a control part, wherein the control part adjusts the structure of the separation diversion piece according to the result detected by the speed sensor,

the separation water conservancy diversion spare includes volute formula income wind gap, cylindrical sleeve, welds cone section of thick bamboo and the ash storage section of thick bamboo in cylindrical sleeve below to and set up the liftable round platform subassembly in ash storage section of thick bamboo bottom, wherein:

the ash storage cylinder is arranged below the cone cylinder and is used for collecting coal particles in the flue gas which slides down from the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve and the inner wall of the cone cylinder;

liftable round platform subassembly, it is used for when the flue gas from outer vortex reversal to interior vortex, reduces because of flue gas kinetic energy and the loss of pressure that the direction of rotation sudden change caused, and it includes:

the cone body is arranged at the bottom of the cone cylinder, the side surface of the cone body is made of high-temperature-resistant elastic materials, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the cone body are made of steel plates;

the spiral blade is made of high-temperature-resistant elastic material, is arranged on the outer surface of the circular truncated cone body, and has a spiral track from bottom to top consistent with the traveling direction of the inner vortex;

the telescopic rod is arranged in the round table body, the upper end and the lower end of the telescopic rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the top surface and the bottom surface of the round table body, and the telescopic rod can stretch and retract under the driving of a motor to lift or lower the round table body;

the flue gas tangentially enters the cyclone separator through the volute type air inlet, forms an outer vortex, falls to the bottom of the cone cylinder, forms an inner vortex, rises, and coal particles in the flue gas are separated out through centrifugal motion and fall into the ash storage cylinder;

the control portion is in signal connection with the speed sensor and the motor, and is configured to:

when velocity sensor detected the velocity of flow of flue gas and is greater than the standard speed value of settlement, it is great to show the speed of the outer vortex that the flue gas produced, can produce great local pressure loss after the sudden change of direction of rotation of arrival bottom, can produce negative effects to the separation effect of flue gas, then control motor drive telescopic link, make the height of round platform body reduce, make helical blade's pitch reduce, helical blade's inclination diminishes, on the flue gas that reduces to arrive the bottom enters into helical blade at the tangential, speed or energy loss when being led to the formation interior vortex from bottom to top by the water conservancy diversion.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is used for separating unburned coal particles in flue gas, and the performance of the guide device of the inner vortex is improved, thereby avoiding the defect that the gas-solid separation effect of the flue gas is influenced by the pressure loss when the outer vortex is inverted into the inner vortex.

Drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cyclone separator;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a liftable circular table assembly;

figure 3 shows a block diagram of the components of the cyclone separator.

Detailed Description

The structure of the present system and the functions performed are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides a cyclone for coal fired boiler, its includes flue gas separation guiding element 1, is used for detecting the velocity of flow of coal fired boiler exhaust flue gas's velocity sensor 2 and control part 3, and control part 3 separates the operation of liftable round platform subassembly 15 in the guiding element 1 according to the result control that velocity sensor 2 detected, wherein:

separation water conservancy diversion spare 1 includes spiral case formula income wind gap 11, cylindrical sleeve 12, welds the cone section of thick bamboo 13 in cylindrical sleeve 12 below, stores up ash cylinder 14 to and set up the liftable round platform subassembly 15 in the ash storage cylinder 14 bottom, wherein:

the ash storage cylinder 14 is arranged below the cone cylinder 13 and is used for collecting coal particles in the flue gas which slides down from the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve and the inner wall of the cone cylinder;

liftable round platform subassembly 15, it is used for when the flue gas from outer vortex reversal to interior vortex, reduces because of the pressure loss that the direction of rotation sudden change caused, and it includes:

a truncated cone 151 disposed at the bottom of the cone 13, having a side surface made of a high temperature resistant elastic material and top and bottom surfaces made of a steel plate;

a spiral blade 152 made of a high temperature resistant elastic material, disposed on the outer surface of the truncated cone, and having a spiral trajectory from bottom to top in accordance with the traveling direction of the inner vortex;

a telescopic rod 153 which is arranged inside the truncated cone, the upper end and the lower end of which are respectively fixedly connected with the top surface and the bottom surface of the truncated cone, and which extends and retracts under the drive of a motor 154 to lift or lower the truncated cone 151;

the flue gas tangentially enters the cyclone separator through the volute type air inlet, forms an outer vortex, falls to the bottom of the cone cylinder, forms an inner vortex, rises, and coal particles in the flue gas are separated out through centrifugal motion and fall into the ash storage cylinder;

the control section 3 is configured to:

when the speed sensor detects that the speed of flue gas is greater than the standard speed value, show that the speed of the outer vortex that the flue gas produced is great, can produce great local pressure loss after the sudden change of direction of rotation of arrival bottom, it can produce the negative effect to the separation effect of flue gas, then control motor drive telescopic link tensile round platform body and reduce for the distance between the helical blade reduces, helical blade's inclination diminishes, the flue gas tangential that arrives the bottom enters into on the helical blade, is guided flow and forms the speed loss reduction of interior vortex from bottom to top.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. Likewise, the invention encompasses any combination of features, in particular of features in the patent claims, even if this feature or this combination of features is not explicitly specified in the patent claims or in the individual embodiments herein.

Claims (1)

1. A cyclone separator for a coal-fired boiler is characterized by comprising a separation guide piece, a speed sensor for detecting the flow speed of smoke discharged by the coal-fired boiler and a control part, wherein the control part adjusts the structure of the separation guide piece according to the flow speed; the separation water conservancy diversion spare includes volute formula income wind gap, cylindrical sleeve, welds cone section of thick bamboo and the ash storage section of thick bamboo in cylindrical sleeve below to and set up the liftable round platform subassembly in ash storage section of thick bamboo bottom, wherein:

the ash storage cylinder is arranged below the cone cylinder and is used for collecting coal particles in the flue gas which slides down from the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve and the inner wall of the cone cylinder;

liftable round platform subassembly, it is used for when the flue gas from outer vortex reversal to interior vortex, reduces because of flue gas kinetic energy and the loss of pressure that the direction of rotation sudden change caused, and it includes:

the cone body is arranged at the bottom of the cone cylinder, the side surface of the cone body is made of high-temperature-resistant elastic materials, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the cone body are made of steel plates;

the spiral blade is made of high-temperature-resistant elastic material, is arranged on the outer surface of the circular truncated cone body, and has a spiral track from bottom to top consistent with the traveling direction of the inner vortex;

the telescopic rod is arranged in the round table body, the upper end and the lower end of the telescopic rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the top surface and the bottom surface of the round table body, and the telescopic rod can stretch and retract under the driving of a motor to lift or lower the round table body;

the flue gas tangentially enters the cyclone separator through the volute type air inlet, forms an outer vortex, falls to the bottom of the cone cylinder, forms an inner vortex, rises, and coal particles in the flue gas are separated out through centrifugal motion and fall into the ash storage cylinder;

the control portion is in signal connection with the speed sensor and the motor, and is configured to:

when velocity sensor detected the velocity of flow of flue gas and is greater than the standard speed value of settlement, it is great to show the speed of the outer vortex that the flue gas produced, can produce great local pressure loss after the sudden change of direction of rotation of arrival bottom, can produce negative effects to the separation effect of flue gas, then control motor drive telescopic link, make the height of round platform body reduce, make helical blade's pitch reduce, helical blade's inclination diminishes, on the flue gas that reduces to arrive the bottom enters into helical blade at the tangential, speed or energy loss when being led to the formation interior vortex from bottom to top by the water conservancy diversion.

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