CN109717358B - Efficient energy-saving whole-meter circulating cadmium removal method - Google Patents
Efficient energy-saving whole-meter circulating cadmium removal method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient energy-saving method for circularly removing cadmium from whole rice, and belongs to the technical field of rice deep processing and food safety. The invention adopts the composite acid cadmium removing agent to remove cadmium from the whole rice, and solidifies the cadmium-containing cadmium removing agent under the acidic condition, thereby realizing the reutilization of the cadmium removing agent. The invention can effectively reduce the cadmium content in the whole rice and the cadmium removing agent, effectively save the water for removing cadmium, ensure the safety and health of the cadmium removing process, effectively treat the cadmium removing wastewater and avoid secondary pollution. The cadmium removing agent can be recycled for 2-3 times, and then is further recycled for 1-2 times after being solidified, and the water consumption can be reduced from 3 tons of water per ton of meter to 1.4 tons of water per ton of meter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an efficient energy-saving method for removing cadmium through whole rice circulation, and belongs to the technical field of rice deep processing and food safety.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the domestic industrialization process and the continuous improvement of the regional industrialization level, the heavy metal is subjected to industrial application and accompanied with the random discharge of 'three wastes', so that a series of environmental pollution problems are caused, the heavy metal is spread to the agricultural field at present and seriously threatens the agricultural production and the human health, wherein the cadmium pollution is the most serious. The free cadmium has strong absorption capacity by plants and is transferred to other different parts along with root and stem tissues, including grain parts of crops such as rice, wheat, corn and the like, and becomes a key way for cadmium to migrate to a food chain. Cadmium is continuously enriched in the food chain, and the toxic effect on human bodies is gradually shown.
The main approaches of the ordinary population to take cadmium include dietary intake, inhalation of cadmium-containing dust, smoking and the like, and then transfusion of the cadmium-containing dust and the smoking into each part of a human body through blood to generate various toxic reactions with biological macromolecules of the human body, wherein tissues and organs such as kidney, liver, skeleton and the like are main enrichment areas of the cadmium in the human body, and the half-life of the cadmium is 10-40 years, so that serious damage is caused to the liver, kidney, skeleton and center of the human body.
The rice becomes a heavy disaster area polluted by heavy metal cadmium due to the extremely strong cadmium enrichment capacity of the rice. At present, the research is carried out aiming at the three aspects of soil remediation, sewage treatment, grain deep processing and the like mainly for the cadmium pollution treatment. Although the root cause can be solved by soil remediation and sewage treatment, the task is difficult, the effect is difficult to take in a short period of time, the urgent problem that the heavy metal of the rice exceeds the standard can be really solved by utilizing the rice fine and deep processing technology although the root cause is not solved, and the rice cadmium removal technology has important application value. In the prior art, the acidic cadmium-containing wastewater is usually cured under neutral and alkalescent conditions, and is directly discharged as industrial wastewater after treatment, so that the water resource can not be reused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an efficient energy-saving method for removing cadmium by circulating the whole rice, which realizes the recycling of water, greatly saves the processing water, simultaneously carries out curing treatment on the cadmium-containing wastewater under the acidic condition, improves the recycling rate of a cadmium removing agent, prevents secondary pollution and can greatly reduce the water consumption of industrial production.
The invention aims to provide an efficient energy-saving cadmium removal method by circulating the whole meter, which comprises the following steps:
(1) taking rice with excessive cadmium, adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent for cadmium removing reaction for 1-3 h, and filtering after the reaction to obtain rice and cadmium removing agent waste liquid;
(2) adding water into the rice obtained in the step (1) for cleaning, and filtering after cleaning to obtain cadmium-removed rice and cleaning water;
(3) combining the cadmium removing agent waste liquid in the step (1) and the cleaning water in the step (2) to obtain a mixed liquid;
(4) adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) to 1-3, and repeatedly using the mixed solution as a composite acid cadmium removing agent for 1-3 times according to the steps (1) - (3);
(5) adding a curing agent into the finally obtained mixed solution for curing reaction for 40-100 min, and filtering after the reaction to obtain a filtrate;
(6) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate obtained in the step (5) to 1-3, and repeatedly using the filtrate as a composite acid cadmium removing agent for 1-2 times according to the steps (1) - (3);
(7) adding a curing agent into the finally obtained mixed solution for curing reaction, and filtering to remove the filtrate;
wherein the composite acid cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: the lactic acid is mixed according to the ratio of 6-9: 1-3: 1, and the pH value of the cadmium removing agent is 1-3;
the firming agent is a mixture of cereal protein and chelating agent.
In the present invention, the mass concentrations of citric acid, hydrochloric acid and lactic acid were all 3.6%.
Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the composite acid cadmium removing agent to the rice with cadmium exceeding is that the composite acid cadmium removing agent: and (4) 1-3: 1 of the cadmium exceeding rice.
Further, in the step (2), the addition amount of water is 0.8-1.2 times of the weight of the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard.
Further, in the step (5), the addition amount of the curing agent is 2-10 g/L.
Furthermore, in the curing agent, the mass ratio of the cereal protein to the chelating agent is 1000: 2-6.
Furthermore, the cereal protein is one or more of rice protein, soybean protein and wheat protein.
Further, the chelating agent is one or more of disodium Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetate (EDTA), copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium acetate and sodium pyrophosphate.
Furthermore, the cadmium content in the rice with the cadmium exceeding standard is 0.2-1.0 mg/kg.
Further, in step (4) or step (6), the pH is adjusted by citric acid, hydrochloric acid or lactic acid.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: after the step (2), performing whole-rice neutralization on the cadmium-removed rice by using alkali liquor to enable the pH value of the rice-water mixture to reach 5.8-6.4, and then washing the rice by using water.
Further, the alkali liquor is a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8.5-10.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can effectively reduce the cadmium content in the whole rice and the cadmium removing agent, effectively save the water for removing cadmium, ensure the safety and health of the cadmium removing process, effectively treat the cadmium removing wastewater and avoid secondary pollution. The cadmium removing agent can be recycled for 2-3 times, and then is further recycled for 1-2 times after being solidified, and the water consumption can be reduced from 3 tons of water per ton of meter to 1.4 tons of water per ton of meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is the conventional technology in the field if not specified; the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available.
Percent cadmium removal rate (initial cadmium content-residual amount in rice after cadmium removal)/initial cadmium content multiplied by 100 percent
Example 1:
respectively putting the rice 1 with the cadmium content of 0.251mg/kg and the rice 2 with the cadmium content of 0.374 in a reaction tank for rinsing, and mixing the following materials in percentage by weight: adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: lactic acid is 8:1:1, and the pH range of the cadmium removing agent is 1-3.
The washing water with the same weight as the rice is added for circularly washing for 30min, because the rice has about 30 percent of water absorption capacity and water loss in the filtering process, about 1.3 tons of cadmium removing agent can be only recovered by 2 tons of cadmium removing agent, and the recovery rate of the washing water is about 85 percent, therefore, the cadmium removing agent and the washing water are combined after washing, about 2.15 tons of cadmium removing agent are combined, the pH range of the cadmium removing agent is adjusted to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6 percent hydrochloric acid, and the cadmium removing agent still has certain cadmium removing effect and is used for cadmium removing reaction of the next batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After several cycles, the cadmium removing effect of the cadmium removing agent is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 cadmium removal effect of cadmium removal agent recycle
| Cadmium exceeding rice 1 | Cadmium exceeding rice 2 | |
| Cadmium removal rate (%) of primary circulating cadmium removal agent | 73.6％ | 75.9％ |
| Cadmium removal rate (%) of secondary circulation cadmium removal agent | 71.1％ | 73.3％ |
| Cadmium removal rate (%) of triple circulation cadmium removal agent | 69.5％ | 67.9％ |
After the cadmium removing agent is used for 3 times, the cadmium removing efficiency is obviously reduced, and the dissolved substances of the rice are increased, so that the compound acid type cadmium removing agent is more reasonable after being recycled for 3 times. The original method needs to consume 9 tons of water for treating 3 tons of rice, only 5 tons of water are needed for treating 3 tons of rice by adopting the method, 1.33 tons of water can be saved for each 1 ton of processed rice, and the acid consumption is reduced.
Further, the cadmium removing agent which is circulated for 3 times enters a cadmium solidification tank, rice protein and EDTA are added, the addition amount of the rice protein is 5g/L, the addition amount of the EDTA is 15mg/L, the stirring reaction is carried out for 60min, the cadmium removing agent is filtered by a plate frame after the reaction is finished, and cereal protein and rice dissolved substances are removed; then, 3.6% hydrochloric acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for removing cadmium of the next batch of cadmium exceeding rice 1 and cadmium exceeding rice 2, and the cadmium removing effect is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 cadmium removal Effect of post-cure cadmium removal agent
| Cadmium exceeding rice 1 | Cadmium exceeding rice 2 | |
| Cadmium removal effect of once-circulating cadmium removal agent after curing | 70.2％ | 72.5％ |
| Cadmium removal effect of secondary circulation cadmium removal agent after curing | 68.9％ | 70.3％ |
After the cadmium removing agent is solidified and is circulated for two times, the cadmium removing efficiency is reduced, and the dissolved substances of the rice are increased, so that the solidified cadmium removing agent is reasonably recycled for 2 times, and after the circulation for two times, the cadmium removing agent enters a solidification tank for secondary solidification and then is discharged according to waste water. Namely, the original cadmium removing agent can treat two tons of rice, 15 tons of water are needed for treating 5 tons of rice by the original method, while only 7 tons of water are needed for treating 5 tons of rice by the method, and the water consumption is reduced from 3 tons of water/ton of rice to 1.4 tons of water/ton of rice.
Example 2:
(1) and (3) rinsing the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard in a reaction tank, wherein the rinsing is carried out according to the following steps: and adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and discharging after carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: lactic acid is 8:1:1, and the pH range of the cadmium removing agent is 1-3.
(2) Adding cleaning water with the same weight as the rice for circulating cleaning for 30min, feeding the cadmium removing agent and the cleaning water into a tank after reaction, adjusting the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6% hydrochloric acid, performing cadmium removing reaction on a second batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard, feeding the cadmium removing agent into a cadmium curing tank after circulating for 3 times, adding rice protein and EDTA, wherein the addition amount of the rice protein is 5 g/L; the addition amount of EDTA is 15mg/L, and the reaction is stirred for 60 min; after the reaction is finished, the cadmium removing agent is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove cereal protein and rice dissolved substances in the cadmium removing agent; then, 3.6% hydrochloric acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for carrying out cadmium removing reaction on fourth batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard; and after the fourth batch of rice with excessive cadmium is subjected to cadmium removal, directly mixing a cadmium removing agent and cleaning water, adjusting the pH value to be 1-3, and then carrying out cadmium removal reaction on the fifth batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After the curing is finished, the waste liquid is discharged.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of a neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, performing whole rice neutralization, supplementing alkali by pH real-time detection in the neutralization process, maintaining the pH value of the neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) in the range of 8.5-10.5, and stopping the reaction when the pH value of the rice-water mixture reaches 5.8-6.4 after 2 hours of neutralization.
(4) Cleaning rice with water for 30min, draining water, pulverizing by semi-dry method, and drying with air flow to obtain glutinous rice flour.
Example 3:
(1) and (3) rinsing the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard in a reaction tank, wherein the rinsing is carried out according to the following steps: adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: lactic acid 7:2:1, cadmium removing agent pH range is 1-3.
(2) Adding cleaning water with the same weight as the rice for circulating cleaning for 30min, feeding the cadmium removing agent and the cleaning water into a tank after reaction, then adjusting the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6% of lactic acid, carrying out cadmium removing reaction on a second batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard, feeding the cadmium removing agent into a cadmium curing tank after circulating for 3 times, adding rice protein and EDTA, wherein the addition amount of the rice protein is 5 g/L; the addition amount of EDTA is 15mg/L, and the reaction is stirred for 60 min; after the reaction is finished, the cadmium removing agent is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove cereal protein and rice dissolved substances in the cadmium removing agent; then 3.6 percent of lactic acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for carrying out cadmium removing reaction on the fourth batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard; and after the fourth batch of rice with excessive cadmium is subjected to cadmium removal, directly mixing a cadmium removing agent and cleaning water, adjusting the pH value to be 1-3, and then carrying out cadmium removal reaction on the fifth batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After the curing is finished, the waste liquid is discharged.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of a neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, performing whole rice neutralization, supplementing alkali by pH real-time detection in the neutralization process, maintaining the pH value of the neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) in the range of 8.5-10.5, and stopping the reaction when the pH value of the rice-water mixture reaches 5.8-6.4.
(4) Cleaning rice with water for 30min, draining water, pulverizing by semi-dry method, and drying with air flow to obtain glutinous rice flour.
Example 4:
(1) and (3) rinsing the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard in a reaction tank, wherein the rinsing is carried out according to the following steps: adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: lactic acid 7:2:1, cadmium removing agent pH range is 1-3.
(2) Adding cleaning water with the same weight as the rice for circulating cleaning for 30min, after reaction, adding the cadmium removing agent and the cleaning water into a tank, then adjusting the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6% citric acid, performing cadmium removing reaction on a second batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard, after circulating for 3 times, adding the cadmium removing agent into a cadmium curing tank, adding rice protein and EDTA, wherein the adding amount of the rice protein is 5 g/L; the addition amount of EDTA is 15mg/L, and the reaction is stirred for 60 min; after the reaction is finished, the cadmium removing agent is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove cereal protein and rice dissolved substances in the cadmium removing agent; then 3.6 percent of citric acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for carrying out cadmium removing reaction on fourth batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard; and after the fourth batch of rice with excessive cadmium is subjected to cadmium removal, directly mixing a cadmium removing agent and cleaning water, adjusting the pH value to be 1-3, and then carrying out cadmium removal reaction on the fifth batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After the curing is finished, the waste liquid is discharged.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of a neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, performing whole-rice neutralization, supplementing alkali by pH real-time detection in the neutralization process, maintaining the pH value of the neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, and stopping the reaction when the pH value of the rice-water mixture reaches 5.8-6.4.
(4) Cleaning rice with water for 30min, draining water, pulverizing by semi-dry method, and drying with air flow to obtain glutinous rice flour.
Example 5:
(1) and (3) rinsing the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard in a reaction tank, wherein the rinsing is carried out according to the following steps: adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: lactic acid 7:1:2, cadmium removing agent pH range is 1-3.
(2) Adding cleaning water with the same weight as the rice for circulating cleaning for 30min, feeding the cadmium removing agent and the cleaning water into a tank after reaction, adjusting the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6% citric acid, performing cadmium removing reaction on a second batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard, feeding the cadmium removing agent into a cadmium curing tank after circulating for 3 times, and adding soybean protein and sodium pyrophosphate, wherein the addition amount of the soybean protein is 5 g/L; the adding amount of sodium pyrophosphate is 15mg/L, and stirring reaction is carried out for 60 min; after the reaction is finished, the cadmium removing agent is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove cereal protein and rice dissolved substances in the cadmium removing agent; then 3.6 percent of citric acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for carrying out cadmium removing reaction on fourth batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard; and after the fourth batch of rice with excessive cadmium is subjected to cadmium removal, directly mixing a cadmium removing agent and cleaning water, adjusting the pH value to be 1-3, and then carrying out cadmium removal reaction on the fifth batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After the curing is finished, the waste liquid is discharged.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of a neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, performing whole-rice neutralization, supplementing alkali by pH real-time detection in the neutralization process, maintaining the pH value of the neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, and stopping the reaction when the pH value of the rice-water mixture reaches 5.8-6.4.
(4) Cleaning rice with water for 30min, draining water, pulverizing by semi-dry method, and drying with air flow to obtain glutinous rice flour.
Example 6:
(1) and (3) rinsing the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard in a reaction tank, wherein the rinsing is carried out according to the following steps: adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent according to the ratio of the cadmium removing agent to 1:2, and carrying out cadmium removing reaction for 2 hours. Wherein the cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid is 6:2:2, and the pH range of the cadmium removing agent is 1-3.
(2) Adding cleaning water with the same weight as the rice for circulating cleaning for 30min, feeding the cadmium removing agent and the cleaning water into a tank after reaction, adjusting the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3 by adopting 3.6% citric acid, performing cadmium removing reaction on a second batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard, feeding the cadmium removing agent into a cadmium curing tank after circulating for 3 times, adding barley protein and sodium acetate, wherein the addition amount of the barley protein is 5 g/L; adding 15mg/L of sodium acetate, and stirring to react for 60 min; after the reaction is finished, the cadmium removing agent is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to remove cereal protein and rice dissolved substances in the cadmium removing agent; then 3.6 percent of citric acid is adopted to adjust the pH range of the cadmium removing agent to be 1-3, and the cadmium removing agent is used for carrying out cadmium removing reaction on fourth batch of rice with the same cadmium exceeding standard; and after the fourth batch of rice with excessive cadmium is subjected to cadmium removal, directly mixing a cadmium removing agent and cleaning water, adjusting the pH value to be 1-3, and then carrying out cadmium removal reaction on the fifth batch of rice with excessive cadmium. After the curing is finished, the waste liquid is discharged.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of a neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, performing whole-rice neutralization, supplementing alkali by pH real-time detection in the neutralization process, maintaining the pH value of the neutralizer (sodium hydroxide solution) to 8.5-10.5, and stopping the reaction when the pH value of the rice-water mixture reaches 5.8-6.4.
(4) Cleaning rice with water for 30min, draining water, pulverizing by semi-dry method, and drying with air flow to obtain glutinous rice flour.
To verify the technical effect of the present invention, the following tests are specifically performed, as detailed in tables 3 and 4:
TABLE 3 cadmium removal Effect of cadmium removing agent
Table 4 example 2 rice major ingredient changes
Comparative example 1:
under the acidic condition, the cadmium-free curing effect of the cereal protein is achieved by adding the chelating agent alone, and the ideal cadmium curing effect cannot be achieved by adding the chelating agent alone; the cadmium curing rate can reach 60-80% by adding the cadmium and the zinc oxide at the same time. Adding EDTA15mg/L according to the technical requirements, stirring and reacting for 60min, adding or not adding cereal protein, and the experimental results are shown in Table 5:
TABLE 5 curing effect of curing agent on cadmium remover
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient energy-saving cadmium removal method by circulating whole rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking rice with excessive cadmium, adding a composite acid cadmium removing agent for cadmium removing reaction for 1-3 h, and filtering after the reaction to obtain rice and cadmium removing agent waste liquid;
(2) adding water into the rice obtained in the step (1) for cleaning, and filtering after cleaning to obtain cadmium-removed rice and cleaning water;
(3) combining the cadmium removing agent waste liquid in the step (1) and the cleaning water in the step (2) to obtain a mixed liquid;
(4) adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) to 1-3, and repeatedly using the mixed solution as a composite acid cadmium removing agent for 1-3 times according to the steps (1) - (3);
(5) adding a curing agent into the finally obtained mixed solution for curing reaction for 40-100 min, and filtering after the reaction to obtain a filtrate;
(6) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate obtained in the step (5) to 1-3, and repeatedly using the filtrate as a composite acid cadmium removing agent for 1-2 times according to the steps (1) - (3);
(7) adding a curing agent into the finally obtained mixed solution for curing reaction, and filtering to remove the filtrate;
wherein the composite acid cadmium removing agent is citric acid: hydrochloric acid: the lactic acid is mixed according to the ratio of 6-9: 1-3: 1, and the pH value of the cadmium removing agent is 1-3;
the firming agent is a mixture of cereal protein and chelating agent.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the composite acid cadmium removing agent to the cadmium-exceeding rice is as follows: and (4) 1-3: 1 of the cadmium exceeding rice.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the addition amount of the water is 0.8-1.2 times of the weight of the rice with cadmium exceeding the standard.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the curing agent is added in an amount of 2 to 10 g/L.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the cereal protein to the chelating agent in the solidifying agent is 1000: 2-6.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the cereal protein is one or a combination of two or more of rice protein, soy protein and wheat protein.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chelating agent is one or a combination of more than two of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium acetate and sodium pyrophosphate.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cadmium content in the rice with excessive cadmium is 0.2-1.0 mg/kg.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pH is adjusted by citric acid, hydrochloric acid or lactic acid in step (4) or step (6).
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises the steps of: after the step (2), performing whole-rice neutralization on the cadmium-removed rice by using alkali liquor to enable the pH value of the rice-water mixture to reach 5.8-6.4, and then washing the rice by using water.
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