CN109714776B - Hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage of sea area - Google Patents
Hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage of sea area Download PDFInfo
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- CN109714776B CN109714776B CN201910017095.0A CN201910017095A CN109714776B CN 109714776 B CN109714776 B CN 109714776B CN 201910017095 A CN201910017095 A CN 201910017095A CN 109714776 B CN109714776 B CN 109714776B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage in sea areas, which comprises the steps of judging whether multi-user separation exists under the coverage of the same wave beam according to reported position information, determining the optimal division of multiple access modes of all users according to parameters such as distance domain separation degree and angle domain separation degree, and finally providing a corresponding optimal resource allocation scheme. The invention has the advantages that: the problem that multi-user receiving signals interfere with each other under the long-distance same wave beam coverage of the sea area is effectively solved, and the resource utilization rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage in sea areas.
Background
The development of the smart ocean is an important measure for implementing the ocean compelling strategy. The sea area broadband communication system which is mainly characterized by wide coverage range and high transmission rate is used as an important component of an intelligent marine information transmission system, and therefore, the sea area broadband communication system becomes a hot spot of research in the field of marine wireless communication. In the prior art, in order to realize long-distance coverage, a sea area broadband communication system mainly utilizes a beam formed by a shaped antenna to provide access service for different users. Because the antenna beam has better direction concentration characteristic, long-distance communication can be effectively supported. Because the sea area coverage expected distance is extremely large, and the beam width expands with the distance, the near and far different users exist in the same beam coverage range with high probability. In this situation, the received signals of the users interfere with each other, which seriously affects the correct reception of the signals, and therefore, an effective method is needed to separate the signals of different users in the same beam.
Multiple users under the same beam coverage can be distinguished from each other by allocating different time-frequency resources, but transmission resources occupied by a single user are seriously reduced, so that the resource utilization rate is reduced, and further, the transmission rate is limited. The prior art lacks a reasonable and efficient user separation scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel hybrid multiple access method for supporting long-distance coverage in the sea area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
by adopting the technical scheme, as a plurality of users with different distances under the same beam coverage are separated by using the NOMA multiple access technology, higher multiple access transmission efficiency is realized and the resource utilization rate is improved; on the other hand, when the difference in the angular domains of different users is large enough, SDMA multiple access transmission can be performed by allocating different beams. According to the position information of the sea area users, the optimal division of the multiple access modes of the users is determined through parameters such as distance domain separation degree and angle domain separation degree, and a corresponding optimal resource allocation scheme is provided. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, not only can the user separation be effectively carried out according to the reported position information, but also the utilization rate of the system frequency spectrum is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an access method in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The present embodiment discloses a hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage in sea area, and fig. 1 is a flow chart of the access method, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, the base station judges whether the number of user terminals covered by the same wave beam is greater than 1 or not according to the received position information reported by the user, if the number of the users is greater than 1, the step 2 is entered, otherwise, the step 7 is entered;
step 2, judging whether the distance difference of the base station signals from near to far to different users meets the signal fading of 5-8 dB, if so, entering step 3, otherwise, entering step 4;
step 3, separating different user signals by using a NOMA multiple access mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:
3a, according to the difference of the distance between the position of different users and the base station, classifying the users into near station users and far station users respectively and marking, taking two users as an example below, wherein the near station users distribute smaller transmission power p1The remote station user allocates larger transmission power p2And there is total transmission power p ═ p1+p2Different users are multiplexed on the power domain;
3b, transmitting different user signals with the power distributed to the different user signals respectively, wherein the transmitted aliasing signals are
Wherein s is1For signals transmitted to near-station users, s2For the signals sent to the remote station user, the sent signals occupy the same time frequency resources, and interference is actively introduced;
3c, receiving the aliasing signal y by the receiving endi＝hi·x+wiI is 1 or 2, hiWherein a channel matrix, w, from the base station to the user i is representediRepresenting the sum of the noise and interference received by user i.
Since the far station user is less interfered by the near station user, the equation can be directly used
Solving for remote station user signals
For near-station users, successive interference cancellation techniques may be utilized, first based on
Solving for user signals at remote stations
Then eliminating the interference of far station user to near station user
Finally solving the near station user signal
Separation of different user signals is achieved.
Step 4, judging whether the minimum value of the included angle between the multiple users is larger than the scanning precision of the sub-wave beams of the antenna array of the base station or not, if so, entering step 5, otherwise, entering step 6;
and 5, separating different user signals by adopting an SDMA (space division multiple access) mode, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
5a, the base station side divides the original wave beam into a plurality of narrower sub-wave beams according to different included angles between the positions of different users under the same wave beam and the normal line of the antenna, so that each sub-wave beam independently serves a single user, different users multiplex in a spatial domain, optimal weight vectors pointing to different users can be solved by utilizing maximum ratio transmission precoding, and the expression is
Wherein is
Indicating a downlink channel from the multi-antenna base station to a user i under the coverage of a wave beam j, and H indicating the conjugation of the complex matrix;
5b, sending different user signals by respectively distributed sub-beams, wherein the sent signals occupy the same time-frequency resource, and can realize interference-free transmission due to different directional beams;
5c, different user clusters of the receiving end are under different beam coverage, different users of the same user cluster are under different sub-beam coverage, the user clusters are firstly roughly separated by utilizing a space angle domain, and then different users under each user cluster are separately separated;
step 6, if a plurality of users in the same beam coverage range neither satisfy the space distance domain separation condition nor satisfy the space angle domain separation condition, the separation of different users can be supported by adopting an FDMA (frequency division multiple access) mode, the beam frequency domain transmission bandwidth is divided into a plurality of sections, and each user occupies one section;
and 7, the base station transmits the prepared user data according to the selected multiple access mode.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 2
The specific embodiment discloses a hybrid multiple access system under the same beam coverage multi-user mode, which specifically uses a sea area base station to provide service for multiple users as an example, and uses directional beams to intensively cover the users. NOMA multiple access separates different users using successive interference cancellation techniques, SDMA multiple access separates different users using sub-beams in different directions. The whole system consists of a module 101, a module 102, a module 103 and a module 104, wherein the module 101 is a sea area multi-antenna base station and is mainly used for receiving and transmitting data and providing access service for terminal users; the module 102 is a user terminal, and generally refers to a device for receiving and transmitting data by a user, such as a mobile phone, a notebook, etc.; the module 103 is an antenna beam and mainly functions to perform centralized coverage on a target user and provide high-quality service; module 104 is a wireless communication link and primarily functions to transmit wireless signals.
Example 3
This embodiment, compared to embodiment 1, optimizes resource allocation by adding the following preferred procedures,
1. according to the position information reported by the sea area users, the optimal division of the multiple access modes of all the users can be determined through parameters such as distance domain separation degree and angle domain separation degree, and a corresponding optimal resource allocation scheme is provided.
2. The distance domain takes the user distance as a separation parameter and corresponds to the NOMA multiple access; the angle domain uses the included angle between users as a separation parameter and corresponds to SDMA multiple access. And respectively calculating the performances of the two user separation methods, and determining the basis of division of the multiple access modes of each user.
3. The system takes the average bit error rate of the users as a performance index for indicating the separation degree of the users, and establishes the relation between the user distance and the user included angle by taking the user average bit error rate as an intermediate medium.
4. According to the established contact, the user separation degree is better by adopting the NOMA multiple access mode under which combination is known, the user separation degree is better by adopting the SDMA multiple access mode under which combination, and different users can not be well separated by adopting NOMA or SDMA under which combination, so that other multiple access modes such as FDMA and the like need to be considered.
5. When the average bit error rate of the users is more than e-4In time, it can be determined that the current multiple access mode cannot better separate users, and other multiple access modes need to be selected.
6. When calculating the average bit error rate of users in different multiple access systems, uniform system basic parameters are set, such as all the parameters pass through a Rayleigh fading channel, Turbo channel coding is adopted, 16QAM modulation is adopted, interleaving with the depth of 40 bits is adopted, OFDM waveforms are adopted, and the like.
7. If the SDMA multiple access mode is adopted, different users under the same beam coverage can respectively calculate the optimal weight vector pointing to each user by utilizing Maximum Ratio Transmission (MRT) precoding, and the maximum ratio transmission precoding is
Wherein is
Indicating the downlink channel of all remote antenna units to user i under the coverage of beam j, and H indicating the conjugate of the complex matrix.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A hybrid multiple access method for long-distance coverage in sea area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, the base station judges whether the number of user terminals under the same beam coverage is greater than 1 according to the received user reported position information, and if the number of users is greater than 1, the step 2 is entered;
step 2, judging whether the distance difference of the base station signals from near to far to different users meets the signal fading of 5-8 dB, if yes, entering step 3, and if not, entering step 4;
step 3, separating different user signals by adopting a first multiple access mode separated according to the distance;
step 4, judging whether the minimum value of the included angles among the multiple users is larger than the scanning precision of the sub-beams of the antenna array of the base station or not, if so, entering step 5, otherwise, entering step 6;
step 5, separating different user signals by adopting a second multiple access mode separated according to the included angle,
step 6, if a plurality of users in the same beam coverage range neither satisfy the space distance domain separation condition nor satisfy the space angle domain separation condition, a third multiple access mode can be adopted to support the separation of different users, the beam frequency domain transmission bandwidth is divided into a plurality of sections, and each user occupies one section;
and 7, the base station transmits the prepared user data according to the selected multiple access mode.
2. The hybrid multiple access method for long-distance sea coverage according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 further comprises the steps of:
3a, according to the difference between the distance between the position of different users and the base station, classifying the users into near station users and far station users and marking, wherein the sum of the transmission power distributed by the near station users and the far station users is equal to the total transmission power, and different users are multiplexed on the power domain;
3b, sending different user signals with respective allocated power, wherein the sent signals occupy the same time-frequency resource, actively introducing interference, and transmitting aliasing signals
Wherein s is1For signals transmitted to near-station users, s2X is a transmitted aliasing signal for a signal sent to a remote station user;
3c, receiving terminalReceiving an aliasing signal, wherein the aliasing signal is calculated by the following formula: y isi＝hi·x+wiI is 1 or 2, hiWherein a channel matrix, w, from the base station to the user i is representediRepresents the sum of the noise and interference received by user i;
3d, separating signals, and calculating a remote station user signal, wherein the calculation equation is as follows:
wherein, y2For signals received by remote station users, p2The transmit power allocated for the remote station user,
is a remote station user signal;
user signals other than near-station users are computed,
wherein p is2The transmit power allocated for the remote station user,
is a remote station user signal;
eliminating interference of far station user to near station user
Solving near-station user signals
Wherein, y1For signals received by near-station users, p1Transmission power allocated to a near station user, p2The transmit power allocated for the user of the remote station,
for the separated remote station user signal, hiWherein a channel matrix, w, from the base station to the user i is representediRepresenting noise received by user iSum of acoustic and interference; the separation of the signals of the users with different distances is realized.
3. A hybrid multiple access method for long distance coverage in sea area according to claim 1, wherein said step 5 further comprises the following steps:
5a, the base station side divides the original wave beam into a plurality of narrower sub-wave beams according to different included angles between the positions of different users under the same wave beam and the normal line of the antenna, each sub-wave beam independently corresponds to a single user, different users multiplex in a space domain, optimal weight vectors pointing to different users are solved by utilizing maximum ratio transmission precoding, and the expression is
Wherein
Indicating a downlink channel from the multi-antenna base station to the user i under the coverage of the wave beam j, and H indicating the conjugate of the complex matrix;
5b, sending different user signals by the sub-beams distributed by the user signals respectively, wherein the sent signals occupy the same time-frequency resource;
5c, different user clusters of the receiving end are under different beam coverage, different users of the same user cluster are under different sub-beam coverage, the user clusters are firstly roughly separated by utilizing a space angle domain, and then different users under each user cluster are separately separated.
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| US7885240B2 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2011-02-08 | Motorola, Inc. | Hybrid time division multiple access (TDMA)-carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) medium access control (MAC) for multi-hop ad hoc networks |
| US7924766B2 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2011-04-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Inc. | Hybrid multiple access method and system in wireless networks |
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| CN101375531A (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2009-02-25 | 三星电子株式会社 | Hybrid multiple access apparatus and method in a mobile communication system |
| CN107302800A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 索尼公司 | Apparatus and method for mixing multiple access wireless communication system |
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