CN109712729B - Nuclear power station alarm method, and saturation margin calculation method and system - Google Patents
Nuclear power station alarm method, and saturation margin calculation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A nuclear power station alarm method, a saturation margin calculation method and a system; the calculation method of the saturation margin calculates the value of the core temperature change rate of each measuring point of the core by collecting the obtained core temperature values of a plurality of measuring points of the core; and then judging whether the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature is within a normal range of a preset rate of change of the temperature, if not, rejecting the core temperature value corresponding to the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature, and adopting the core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin. The nuclear power station alarm method, the saturation margin calculation method and the system are ingenious in design and high in practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nuclear power station digital control system, in particular to a nuclear power station alarm method, a saturation margin calculation method and a nuclear power station saturation margin calculation system.
Background
State-oriented procedures are widely used in various types of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. The saturation margin is one of the important reference standards of the state guidance regulation, which reflects the main characteristic parameters of the temperature and the pressure of a primary circuit, the alarm with low reactor core saturation margin truly reflects the state of the reactor core saturation margin, and if a power station operator executes operations such as shutdown, safe injection and the like based on false triggering alarm, the normal operation of a nuclear power plant is seriously influenced.
The state value of the saturation margin is obtained by a digital control system through signal acquisition and logic operation, and the characteristics of software and hardware of the digital control system can influence the stability of the saturation margin. The saturation margin is calculated based on the measured value of the core temperature, and the value is calculated by transmitting a core thermocouple to a digital control system after the core is collected. When the reactor core thermocouple equipment fails or is overhauled, the numerical value of the saturation margin fluctuates and gives an alarm due to the lack of support of the actual measured value of the reactor core temperature, and therefore judgment of operators on the state of the nuclear power station is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nuclear power station alarm method, a saturation margin calculation method and a saturation margin calculation system aiming at the technical problems.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a calculation method of saturation margin, which is characterized in that the value of the core temperature change rate of each measurement point of a core is calculated by collecting the obtained core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the core; and then judging whether the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature is within a normal range of a preset rate of change of the temperature, if not, rejecting the core temperature value corresponding to the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature, and adopting the core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin.
The above calculation method of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, collecting core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the core; calculating the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core according to the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
s2, screening to obtain a usable and effective core temperature measurement value set according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
and step S3, calculating to obtain a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective reactor core.
In the above calculation method of the present invention, step S1 further includes calculating an average temperature value of the core temperature values collected at the plurality of measurement points of the core;
in step S2, a usable and valid set of core temperature measurement values is obtained by screening according to whether the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is within a preset normal range of rate of change of the temperature, whether the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is within a preset normal range of the temperature, whether the calculated average temperature value is within a preset normal range of the average temperature value, and whether the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is within a preset normal range of temperature difference.
In the above calculation method of the present invention, when any one of the conditions that the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset rate of change of the temperature, the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset temperature, the calculated average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset average temperature value, and the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset temperature difference occurs, the value of the core temperature corresponding to the occurring condition is excluded from the set of available and valid values of the core temperature measurement.
In the above calculation method of the present invention, the calculation formula of the saturation margin is:
ΔTSAT＝f(PRCP，PETY，TRIC-MAX)；
wherein, Delta TSATRepresents a saturation margin;
PRCPrepresents the reactor coolant system relative pressure;
PETYrepresenting the absolute pressure of the atmosphere in the containment;
TRIC-MAXrepresenting a usable and effective core maximum temperature in a set of usable and effective core temperature measurements;
f represents the correspondence between reactor coolant system relative pressure, in-containment atmospheric absolute pressure, and available and valid core maximum temperature in the set of available and valid core temperature measurements and saturation margin.
The invention also provides an alarm method based on the calculation method, which comprises the following steps:
and when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the normal range of the saturation margin, giving an alarm.
The invention also provides a system for calculating the saturation margin, which comprises the following steps:
the processing module is used for calculating the value of the core temperature change rate of each measuring point of the core through the acquired core temperature values of the plurality of measuring points of the core; and then judging whether the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature is within a normal range of a preset rate of change of the temperature, if not, rejecting the core temperature value corresponding to the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature, and adopting the core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin.
The above computing system of the present invention further includes:
the acquisition and preliminary calculation module is used for acquiring reactor core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the reactor core and calculating the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core according to the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
the processing module is further used for screening to obtain an available and effective reactor core temperature measurement value set according to whether the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
and the processing module is also used for calculating to obtain a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective reactor core.
In the above computing system of the present invention, the collecting and preliminary computing module is further configured to compute an average temperature value of the core temperature values collected at the plurality of measurement points of the core;
and the processing module is used for screening to obtain an available and effective reactor core temperature measurement value set according to whether the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not, whether the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature normal range or not, whether the average temperature value obtained by calculation is within a preset average temperature value normal range or not, and whether the difference between the reactor core temperature value and the average temperature value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature difference normal range or not.
The invention also provides an alarm system, which comprises the computing system; further comprising:
and the alarm module is used for sending out an alarm when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the saturation margin normal range.
The nuclear power station alarm method, the saturation margin calculation method and the system verify the availability and the effectiveness of the reactor core temperature, particularly calculate the single reactor core temperature change rate respectively, and shield the data when any single reactor core temperature change rate is abnormal. In this way, fluctuation of the value of the saturation margin due to the failure or the overhaul of the core thermocouple device is avoided. The nuclear power station alarm method, the saturation margin calculation method and the system are ingenious in design and high in practicability.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a change in a core temperature value at a certain measurement point of a core without using the calculation method of saturation margin according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one use state of the graph showing a normal range of preset temperature change rates;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing another use state of the graph for a normal range of preset temperature change rates;
FIG. 4 shows a specific usage reference diagram of a graphical representation of the normal range of preset temperature change rates shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a saturation margin calculation method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a functional block diagram of a saturation margin calculation system and an alarm system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: when the reactor core thermocouple equipment fails or is overhauled, the numerical value of the saturation margin fluctuates and gives an alarm due to the lack of support of the actual measured value of the reactor core temperature, and therefore judgment of operators on the state of the nuclear power station is influenced. The technical idea of the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: and verifying the availability and the validity of the core temperature, particularly respectively calculating the single core temperature change rate, and shielding the data when any single core temperature change rate is abnormal. In this way, fluctuation of the value of the saturation margin due to the failure or the overhaul of the core thermocouple device is avoided.
In order to make the technical purpose, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear and facilitate those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the invention, the calculation of the saturation margin is carried out by the steps of basic signal acquisition, signal availability identification, signal validity judgment, signal screening, calculation and the like. The method comprises the steps of calculating the core temperature change rate value of each measuring point of the core through the acquired core temperature values of a plurality of measuring points of the core; and then judging whether the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature is within a normal range of a preset rate of change of the temperature, if not, rejecting the core temperature value corresponding to the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature, and adopting the core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin. Here, in the case where the method of calculating the saturation margin of the present invention is not used, as shown in fig. 1, when a measurement point of a certain core is connected with an interruption due to human intervention or is connected with an abnormal interruption, the basic data about the core temperature value collected in the method of calculating the saturation margin is less than that in the normal state. At this time, the instrumentation and control system device for processing the basic data uses the conservative hardware characteristics thereof to replace the missing basic data with the specific default value, and uses the specific default value to participate in the calculation of the subsequent saturation margin. Referring to FIG. 1, a curve Tc represents the variation of the core temperature value at a certain measurement point of the core; before the time t1, the core temperature value is an actual measured value and is within a normal range (0-1200 ℃); at time t1, the connection of the measuring device to the measurement curve Tc is interrupted; in the time range from t1 to t2, the instrument control system uses a preset default value to replace an actually measured value to participate in the subsequent calculation of the saturation margin. The change in the default value in the time dimension is determined by the hardware characteristics of the instrumentation system, and the default value will quickly rise to 1300 ℃ from the last cycle measured value and remain stable. After the equipment to be measured is reconnected, the value will also decrease rapidly from 1300 ℃ to the actual value. When the instrumentation and control system calculates the saturation margin using the default values, the default values involved in the calculation will, due to the increasing number, only be identified as invalid measurements when a certain value (e.g., the value C shown in fig. 1) is reached. But before that, e.g. when the default value lies between the B and C values, it is determined to be an available and valid value and is therefore substituted into the calculation of the saturation margin; this may possibly result in the saturation margin reaching the preset alarm threshold, which may falsely trigger an alarm, causing operator attention.
Specifically, the calculation method of the saturation margin includes the following steps:
s1, collecting core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the core, and calculating the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core according to the core temperature value collected by each measurement point of the core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
s2, screening to obtain a usable and effective core temperature measurement value set according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
and step S3, calculating to obtain a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective reactor core.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the predetermined normal range of the rate of temperature change is similar to an allowable area 100, and when the calculated value of the rate of core temperature change is within the allowable area 100, it indicates that the core temperature value corresponding to the value of the rate of core temperature change passes the availability judgment of the value of the rate of core temperature change, and the core temperature value can participate in the subsequent judgment and calculation. If the calculated core temperature change rate value is outside the allowable region 100, the subsequent judgment and calculation will mask the core temperature value corresponding to the core temperature change rate value.
Referring to fig. 4, the core temperature values collected from time t1 to time t3 are masked by limiting the value of the rate of change of the core temperature by the predetermined normal range of the rate of change of the temperature.
Further, step S1 includes calculating an average temperature value of the core temperature values collected at the plurality of measurement points of the core; on this basis, in step S2, the available and effective core temperature measurement value set is obtained by screening according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within the preset temperature change rate normal range, whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within the preset temperature normal range, whether the calculated average temperature value is within the preset average temperature value normal range, and whether the difference between the core temperature value and the average temperature value of each measurement point of the core is within the preset temperature difference normal range. In this embodiment, when any one of the conditions that the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset rate of change of the temperature, the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset temperature, the calculated average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset average temperature value, and the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset temperature difference occurs, the value of the core temperature corresponding to the occurring condition is excluded from the set of available and valid values of the core temperature measurement. Here, the preset normal range of temperature change rate, the preset normal range of temperature, the preset normal range of average temperature value, and the preset normal range of temperature difference may be continuous intervals or discontinuous intervals, respectively. The calculation method of the saturation margin of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 5.
Further, the calculation formula of the saturation margin is as follows:
ΔTSAT＝f(PRCP，PETY，TRIC-MAX)；
wherein, Delta TSATRepresents a saturation margin;
PRCPrepresents the reactor coolant system relative pressure;
PETYrepresenting the absolute pressure of the atmosphere in the containment;
TRIC-MAXrepresenting a usable and effective core maximum temperature in a set of usable and effective core temperature measurements;
f represents the correspondence between reactor coolant system relative pressure, in-containment atmospheric absolute pressure, and available and valid core maximum temperature in the set of available and valid core temperature measurements and saturation margin.
Further, in the embodiment, based on the calculation method of the saturation margin, the invention further provides an alarm method, and when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the normal range of the saturation margin, an alarm is given.
Corresponding to the calculation method of the saturation margin and the alarm method, the invention also provides a calculation system of the saturation margin and an alarm system. As shown in fig. 6, the calculation system of the saturation margin includes:
the processing module 20 is configured to calculate a value of a core temperature change rate at each measurement point of the core by collecting core temperature values at a plurality of measurement points of the core; and then judging whether the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature is within a normal range of a preset rate of change of the temperature, if not, rejecting the core temperature value corresponding to the calculated value of the rate of change of the core temperature, and adopting the core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin.
Specifically, the calculation system of the saturation margin comprises:
the acquisition and preliminary calculation module 10 is used for acquiring the reactor core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the reactor core, and calculating the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core according to the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
the processing module 20 is configured to screen and obtain an available and effective core temperature measurement value set according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
the processing module 20 is further configured to calculate a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the acquired relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system, and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective core.
Further, the collecting and preliminary calculating module 10 is further configured to calculate an average temperature value of the core temperature values collected at the plurality of measurement points of the core;
on this basis, the processing module 20 is configured to screen and obtain an available and effective core temperature measurement value set according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range, whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature normal range, whether the calculated average temperature value is within a preset average temperature value normal range, and whether the difference between the core temperature value and the average temperature value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature difference normal range. In this embodiment, when any one of the conditions that the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset rate of change of the temperature, the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset temperature, the calculated average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset average temperature value, and the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset temperature difference occurs, the value of the core temperature corresponding to the occurring condition is excluded from the set of available and valid values of the core temperature measurement. Here, the preset normal range of temperature change rate, the preset normal range of temperature, the preset normal range of average temperature value, and the preset normal range of temperature difference may be continuous intervals or discontinuous intervals, respectively.
Further, the calculation formula of the saturation margin is as follows:
ΔTSAT＝f(PRCP，PETY，TRIC-MAX)；
wherein, Delta TSATRepresents a saturation margin;
PRCPrepresents the reactor coolant system relative pressure;
PETYrepresenting the absolute pressure of the atmosphere in the containment;
TRIC-MAXrepresenting a usable and effective core maximum temperature in a set of usable and effective core temperature measurements;
f represents the correspondence between reactor coolant system relative pressure, in-containment atmospheric absolute pressure, and available and valid core maximum temperature in the set of available and valid core temperature measurements and saturation margin.
Further, in this embodiment, based on the calculation system of the saturation margin, the present invention further provides an alarm system, including:
and the alarm module 30 is used for sending out an alarm when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the saturation margin normal range.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for calculating the saturation margin is characterized in that the value of the core temperature change rate of each measuring point of a core is calculated by collecting the obtained core temperature values of a plurality of measuring points of the core; then judging whether the calculated reactor core temperature change rate value is in a preset normal temperature change rate range, if not, rejecting the reactor core temperature value corresponding to the calculated reactor core temperature change rate value, and adopting the reactor core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the core; calculating the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core according to the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
s2, screening to obtain a usable and effective core temperature measurement value set according to whether the core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
and step S3, calculating to obtain a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective reactor core.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step S1 further comprises calculating an average of the core temperature values collected at the plurality of measurement points of the core;
in step S2, a usable and valid set of core temperature measurement values is obtained by screening according to whether the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is within a preset normal range of rate of change of the temperature, whether the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is within a preset normal range of the temperature, whether the calculated average temperature value is within a preset normal range of the average temperature value, and whether the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is within a preset normal range of temperature difference.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when any one of the conditions that the value of the rate of change of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset rate of change of the temperature, the value of the core temperature acquired at each measurement point of the core is outside the normal range of the preset temperature, the calculated average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset average temperature value, and the difference between the value of the core temperature at each measurement point of the core and the average temperature value is outside the normal range of the preset temperature difference occurs, the value of the core temperature corresponding to the occurring condition is excluded from the set of available and valid values of the core temperature measurement.
4. The calculation method according to claim 3, wherein the saturation margin is calculated by:
ΔTSAT＝f(PRCP，PETY，TRIC-MAX)；
wherein, Delta TSATRepresents a saturation margin;
PRCPrepresents the reactor coolant system relative pressure;
PETYrepresenting the absolute pressure of the atmosphere in the containment;
TRIC-MAXrepresenting a usable and effective core maximum temperature in a set of usable and effective core temperature measurements;
f represents the correspondence between reactor coolant system relative pressure, in-containment atmospheric absolute pressure, and available and valid core maximum temperature in the set of available and valid core temperature measurements and saturation margin.
5. An alarm method based on the calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
and when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the normal range of the saturation margin, giving an alarm.
6. A saturation margin calculation system, comprising:
the processing module (20) is used for calculating the value of the core temperature change rate of each measuring point of the core through the acquired core temperature values of the plurality of measuring points of the core; then judging whether the calculated reactor core temperature change rate value is in a preset normal temperature change rate range, if not, rejecting the reactor core temperature value corresponding to the calculated reactor core temperature change rate value, and adopting the reactor core temperature value left in the rejection process to participate in the calculation of the saturation margin; further comprising:
the acquisition and preliminary calculation module (10) is used for acquiring the reactor core temperature values of a plurality of measurement points of the reactor core and calculating the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core according to the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core; collecting an atmospheric absolute pressure value and a reactor coolant system relative pressure value in a containment vessel;
the processing module (20) is further used for screening to obtain an available and effective reactor core temperature measurement value set according to whether the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not and whether the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature normal range or not; then, determining the highest temperature value of the available and effective core according to the available and effective core temperature measurement value set;
and the processing module (20) is further used for calculating a saturation margin value according to a calculation formula of the saturation margin based on the acquired absolute pressure value of the atmosphere in the containment, the acquired relative pressure value of the reactor coolant system and the determined maximum temperature value of the available and effective reactor core.
7. The computing system of claim 6, wherein the acquisition and preliminary computation module (10) is further configured to compute an average of the core temperature values acquired at the plurality of core measurement points;
and the processing module (20) is used for screening to obtain an available and effective reactor core temperature measurement value set according to whether the reactor core temperature change rate value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature change rate normal range or not, whether the reactor core temperature value acquired by each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature normal range or not, whether the calculated average temperature value is within a preset average temperature value normal range or not, and whether the difference between the reactor core temperature value and the average temperature value of each measurement point of the reactor core is within a preset temperature difference normal range or not.
8. An alarm system comprising a computing system according to any one of claims 6 to 7; further comprising:
and the alarm module (30) is used for sending out an alarm when the calculated saturation margin value is not in the normal range of the saturation margin.
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