CN109709498B - Magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109709498B CN109709498B CN201910018720.3A CN201910018720A CN109709498B CN 109709498 B CN109709498 B CN 109709498B CN 201910018720 A CN201910018720 A CN 201910018720A CN 109709498 B CN109709498 B CN 109709498B
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Abstract
A magnetofluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor is composed of an optical fiber interferometer consisting of leading-in and leading-out single-mode optical fibers and two tapered mode optical fibers between them for enhancing LP in two-mode optical fibers01And LP11And the interference intensity of the mode is focused on the cladding at the waist diameter of the tapered two-mode optical fiber by using femtosecond laser to form a refractive index modulation region. The refractive index modulation region simultaneously provides a significant directivity dependence due to the positional asymmetry of the sensor with respect to the fiber axis. For nano-magnetic materials, the tunability of the magnetic field to the refractive index thereof is utilized. The coupling effect of evanescent field between magnetic material and asymmetric conical two-mode optical fiber is used to realize magnetic field to LP01And LP11The modulation effect of the effective refractive index of the mode enables the spectral signal output by the optical fiber interferometer to be modulated by the magnetic field vector, and the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is formed. The all-fiber magnetic field sensor is low in transmission loss and high in stability, and can realize high-sensitivity magnetic field vector sensing measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber magnetic field sensors, in particular to a magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The magnetic field is a special invisible and invisible substance, and is widely present in nature. In modern science and technology and human life, the measurement of magnetic fields has important significance, especially in the fields of power grids, navigation and positioning, biomedicine, navigation and spaceflight, geological prospecting, geophysical, military engineering and the like. The magnetic field sensor is a core device for acquiring magnetic field information. The magnetic field can be measured either directly or indirectly, and other physical quantities such as current, displacement, refractive index, etc. can be converted into a magnetic field. The conventional electric magnetic field measurement system usually uses an active metal probe, and has the main disadvantages that: the structure is complex, the volume is relatively large, the electromagnetic signal interference is easy to occur, and the device cannot be applied to severe environments such as high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, the conventional electric magnetic field sensor cannot satisfy the accuracy in the magnetic field detection and the general requirements.
Aiming at the defects of the electric sensor, the outstanding advantages of the optical fiber magnetic field sensor provide a better solution in the aspect of magnetic field detection. With the rapid development of the optical fiber sensing technology, the optical fiber magnetic field sensor uses optical fibers as media, and utilizes the magneto-optical characteristics of magneto-optical materials to modulate the characteristic parameters of intensity, phase, wavelength and the like of optical signals to realize high-precision sensing of a magnetic field. The magnetofluid is a novel magnetosensitive functional material, and is combined with an optical fiber sensing technology, so that high-sensitivity measurement of the magnetic field intensity is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor and a preparation method thereof. The structure has the characteristics of easy multiplexing, high stability, corrosion resistance and the like of a conventional optical fiber magnetic field sensor, and has the advantage of high sensitivity of an interference structure. Meanwhile, the measurement of the magnetic field direction is realized by utilizing the position asymmetry of the sensor relative to the optical fiber axis and the obvious directional dependence provided by the refractive index modulation region.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the magnetofluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor comprises a glass capillary, wherein the glass capillary is sleeved in an optical fiber interferometer, the middle section of the optical fiber interferometer is a conical area, the central line of the conical area corresponds to the central line of the glass capillary, the glass capillary is filled with a nano magnetofluid material, and two ends of the glass capillary are sealed by optical ultraviolet glue.
Two ends of the two-mode optical fiber of the optical fiber interferometer are respectively welded with the input single-mode optical fiber and the output single-mode optical fiber without core deviation and tapered by flame.
The nano magnetic fluid material is water-based magnetic fluid.
The optical ultraviolet glue is UV-6183.
A method for manufacturing a magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an optical fiber interferometer:
using an FSP-80s fusion splicer to respectively weld the two ends of the two-mode optical fiber with the input single-mode optical fiber and the output single-mode optical fiber without core deviation, and tapering the two-mode optical fiber sections through flame tapering to form the micro-nano optical fiber with the taper zone length of 16mm and the waist diameter of 14 mu m; temporarily fixing the optical fiber on a glass slide, moving the optical fiber to a femtosecond micromachining platform, focusing laser on a cladding at the waist diameter of the tapered two-mode optical fiber, and engraving a refractive index modulation region with the length of 100 mu m, so that the optical fiber interferometer is manufactured;
3) coating with nano magnetic fluid material:
sleeving a glass capillary tube with the length of 80mm and the inner diameter of 500 mu m outside the optical fiber interferometer with two tensioned ends; filling the nano magnetic fluid material into the glass capillary by utilizing the capillary phenomenon; finally, sealing two ends of the glass capillary tube by using optical ultraviolet glue to prevent the nano magnetic fluid material from overflowing or evaporating; thus, the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is manufactured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the compact optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor based on the magnetic fluid and the tapered two-mode optical fiber has high sensitivity, the wavelength sensitivity can reach 719.8pm/mT, and the intensity sensitivity can reach 1.1 dB/mT. The position asymmetry structure relative to the optical fiber axis is formed by femtosecond laser lithography, so that obvious directional dependence is reflected, and the simultaneous measurement of the size and the direction of a magnetic field by the optical fiber magnetic field sensor is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an experimental apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the response of a sensor to the magnitude of a magnetic field.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the response of a sensor to the direction of a magnetic field.
Wherein, 1 is an optical fiber interferometer; 2 is a cone-shaped zone; 3 is a glass capillary; 4 is nano magnetic fluid material; 5 is optical ultraviolet glue.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor coated with the magnetic fluid comprises a glass capillary tube 3, wherein the glass capillary tube 3 is sleeved in an optical fiber interferometer 1, the middle section of the optical fiber interferometer 1 is a conical region 2, the central line of the conical region 2 corresponds to the central line of the glass capillary tube 3, the glass capillary tube 3 is filled with a nano magnetic fluid material 4, and two ends of the glass capillary tube 3 are sealed by optical ultraviolet glue 5.
Two ends of two mode optical fibers of the optical fiber interferometer 1 are respectively welded with the input single mode optical fiber and the output single mode optical fiber without core deviation and tapered by flame.
The nano magnetic fluid material (4) is water-based magnetic fluid, and the particle density at normal temperature is 1.18 g/cm3The saturation magnetic field strength was 200 Oe.
The optical ultraviolet glue (5) is colorless liquid capable of being rapidly solidified, and the normal use temperature is-40 ℃ to-100 ℃.
The sensing mechanism is as follows:
light can only excite LP when being input into the two-mode optical fiber from the common single-mode optical fiber01LP for mode, but two-mode fibers tapered to tens of um diameter11The mode is excited a little, in order to further enhance the excitation, the femtosecond laser is focused on the cladding at the waist diameter of the tapered two-mode optical fiber to etch a refractive index modulation region, and a position asymmetry structure relative to the optical fiber axis is formed. Excited LP01And LP11The two modes generate interference when leading out a single mode, and the coupling effect of an evanescent field between the magnetic material and the asymmetric conical two-mode optical fiber is used for realizing the magnetic field to LP01And LP11The modulation effect of the effective refractive index of the mode enables the spectral signal output by the optical fiber interferometer to be modulated by the magnetic field vector, and the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is formed.
Examples
In order to verify the advantageous effects of the present invention, the inventors conducted experiments using the present invention. The magnetic field vector testing system device adopting the optical fiber magnetic field sensor is shown in fig. 3, light emitted by the broadband light source SLD passes through the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor to generate an interference spectrum, and then the interference spectrum is received by the spectrometer OSA. The optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is fixed on the adjusting bracket, the magnetic field generating device generates a uniform magnetic field, the sensing part of the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is placed in the uniform magnetic field, and the teslameter is used for monitoring the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device in real time. And the intensity and the direction of the magnetic field of the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor are accurately controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the power supply voltage and the angle of the rotating platform respectively. Under different sizes and directions of the magnetic field, interference spectrums received by the spectrograph are different, and the interference spectrum curves have obvious response to the size and the direction of the magnetic field strength according to the graphs in the fig. 4 and the fig. 5, which shows that the sensor is completely feasible for sensing the magnetic field vector.
The central wavelength of the SLD broadband light source is 1550nm, and the output light power is 20 mW; the magnetic field generating device is used for generating a magnetic field of 0-20.0 mT.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a magnetic fluid coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor manufacturing method, including glass capillary (3), optical fiber interferometer (1) is emboliaed in glass capillary (3), optical fiber interferometer (1) middle section is cone type district (2), cone type district (2) central line corresponds glass capillary (3) central line, nanometer magnetic fluid material (4) are filled in glass capillary (3), glass capillary (3) both ends are sealed by optics ultraviolet glue (5), a serial communication port, magnetic fluid coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor's preparation includes following step:
1) manufacturing an optical fiber interferometer:
using an FSP-80s fusion splicer to respectively weld the two ends of the two-mode optical fiber with the input single-mode optical fiber and the output single-mode optical fiber without core deviation, and tapering the two-mode optical fiber sections through flame tapering to form the micro-nano optical fiber with the taper zone length of 16mm and the waist diameter of 14 mu m; temporarily fixing the optical fiber on a glass slide, moving the optical fiber to a femtosecond micromachining platform, focusing laser on a cladding at the waist diameter of the tapered two-mode optical fiber, and engraving a refractive index modulation region with the length of 100 mu m, so that the optical fiber interferometer is manufactured;
3) coating with nano magnetic fluid material:
sleeving a glass capillary tube with the length of 80mm and the inner diameter of 500 mu m outside the optical fiber interferometer with two tensioned ends; filling the nano magnetic fluid material into the glass capillary by utilizing the capillary phenomenon; finally, sealing two ends of the glass capillary tube by using optical ultraviolet glue to prevent the nano magnetic fluid material from overflowing or evaporating; thus, the optical fiber vector magnetic field sensor is manufactured.
2. The method for manufacturing the magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, wherein the nano magnetic fluid material (4) is a stable colloidal solution formed by dispersing iron tetroxide particles with an average diameter of 5nm in a base fluid by means of a surfactant.
3. The method for manufacturing the magnetic fluid-coated all-fiber vector magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, wherein the optical ultraviolet adhesive (5) is high-toughness and thermal shock resistant UV-6183, and is irradiated by ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm to 400nm for 6 s.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111308400A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber vector magnetic field sensing probe based on magnetic fluid and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111443313B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2024-06-25 | 浙江大学 | F-P magnetic field sensor for 3D printing by utilizing two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing technology and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112596005A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州德睿电力科技有限公司 | Magnetic fluid-based FP magnetic field sensor and magnetic field testing system |
| CN113740785B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-28 | 西安交通大学 | Vector magnetic field sensor and vector magnetic field detection system and method |
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