CN109708231B - Natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution - Google Patents
Natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN109708231B CN109708231B CN201811609246.3A CN201811609246A CN109708231B CN 109708231 B CN109708231 B CN 109708231B CN 201811609246 A CN201811609246 A CN 201811609246A CN 109708231 B CN109708231 B CN 109708231B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: A. predicting the minimum fresh air volume: according to the functions and purposes of the room, the product of the minimum fresh air volume per person and the number of people in the room is used as the fresh air volume value required by the room; B. collecting parameter values: the parameter values comprise the average wind speed of the local meteorological station, the average temperature calculated outdoors, the average temperature of the indoor air and the window size of the room; C. calculating the theoretical windowing area: calculating a theoretical windowing area value according to the step A-B; D. the opening of the sleeve window is adjusted through manual or automatic control devices, so that the natural ventilation is reasonably utilized. The invention predicts the theoretical window opening area of the set of windows through the general correlation of the window opening area, controls the opening size through a manual or automatic control device, ensures the reasonable utilization of natural ventilation and lighting in high-rise buildings, has small size and flexible arrangement, and is convenient to use and replace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a natural ventilation control method for doors and windows, in particular to a natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution.
Background
The natural ventilation is a ventilation mode which utilizes fresh air with lower outdoor temperature to ventilate, ventilate and cool industrial and civil buildings under the combined action of hot pressing and air pressure, the ventilation mode is widely applied to the industrial and civil buildings, the ventilation mode is a ventilation mode which utilizes the natural means to introduce the outdoor fresh air to achieve the ventilation effect through windows and doors of the buildings, and the reasonable natural ventilation not only can bring away heat and moisture content and keep indoor thermal comfort, but also can bring in fresh air and keep the indoor air quality; natural ventilation is mainly performed in modern buildings through artificial active actions such as simple window opening, door opening and the like, so that the natural ventilation cannot be reasonably utilized, and therefore, a series of problems that the energy consumption of an air conditioner is increased, energy is wasted, even the indoor air quality is deteriorated, the human health is threatened and the like are solved; for high-rise buildings, the window has the functions of lighting and ventilation, the opening of the window is large, the wind speed outside the window is high, the opening size of the window is controlled only by people at will, and natural ventilation is difficult to reasonably utilize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution; in a high-rise building, a sleeve window arranged on a window is used for meeting the indoor natural ventilation requirement, the theoretical windowing area under theoretical wind pressure and hot pressing is calculated by predicting the minimum fresh air volume, and the opening size of the sleeve window is controlled, so that the theoretical basic opening adjusting method for the window of the high-rise building is provided, the reasonable utilization of natural ventilation is ensured, and the indoor air quality requirement is met.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. predicting the minimum fresh air volume: according to the functions and purposes of the room, the product of the minimum fresh air volume per person and the number of people in the room is used as the fresh air volume value required by the room;
B. collecting parameter values: the parameter values comprise the average wind speed of the local meteorological station, the average temperature calculated outdoors, the average temperature of the indoor air and the window size of the room;
C. calculating the theoretical windowing area: calculating a theoretical windowing area value according to the step A-B;
D. the opening of the sleeve window is adjusted through manual or automatic control devices, so that the natural ventilation is reasonably utilized.
The basic calculation formula (prediction formula) of the theoretical windowing area value is as follows:
when only opening the window
In the formula: a is the theoretical window opening area value, and the unit is m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；CdIs the flow coefficient; h is the height of the window set in m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; cpi、CpoThe air pressure coefficients of the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2。
When the window is opened and the door is opened simultaneously, the door has
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
by solving A in formula (2)aThe value is the theoretical window area.
In the formula: a. theaIs a theoretical windowed area value in m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；AcIs the area of the door opening in m2；AbIs the central cross-sectional area of the room in m2； Cd1、Cd2The flow coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; cp1、Cp2The air pressure coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; h is the height of the window set in m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; rho0Is the outdoor air density in kg/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can control the natural ventilation window according to the indoor and outdoor temperature, uses the effect of hot-pressing wind pressure, predicts the theoretical window opening area size of the window by the general correlation of the window opening area, controls the opening size by a manual or automatic control device, ensures the reasonable utilization of the natural ventilation in the high-rise building, simultaneously, the window of the high-rise building is used for lighting, the window is used for meeting the indoor natural ventilation requirement, has small size and flexible arrangement (can be arranged above the safety height), not only ensures the reasonable utilization of the natural ventilation under the safety condition, but also is convenient to use and replace.
Drawings
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a computational model of room natural ventilation when only windows are opened;
FIG. 2 is a model diagram of a room natural ventilation calculation when a door is opened and a window is opened simultaneously;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a natural ventilation control structure based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-theoretical window opening area, 2-set of windows, 3-high-rise building windows, 4-wall body and 5-column body.
Detailed Description
The present invention and its embodiments are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention is characterized by the following steps:
A. predicting the minimum fresh air volume: according to the functions and purposes of the room, the product of the minimum fresh air volume per person and the number of people in the room is used as the fresh air volume value required by the room;
B. collecting parameter values: the parameter values include the local weather station average wind speed (i.e., the weather station average wind speed at a height of 10m from the ground), the outdoor calculated average temperature, the indoor air average temperature, the room window size, etc.;
C. calculating the theoretical windowing area: calculating a theoretical windowing area value according to the step A-B;
D. the opening of the sleeve window is adjusted through manual or automatic control devices, so that the natural ventilation is reasonably utilized.
According to the steps A-C, calculating a theoretical windowing area value, wherein a basic calculation formula (a prediction formula) is as follows:
when only opening the window
In the formula: a is the theoretical window opening area value, and the unit is m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；CdIs the flow coefficient; h is the height of the window set in m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; cpi、CpoThe air pressure coefficients of the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2. When the window is opened and the door is opened simultaneously, the door has
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
by solving A in formula (2)aThe value is the theoretical window area.
In the formula: a. theaIs a theoretical windowed area value in m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；AcIs the area of the door opening in m2；AbIs the central cross-sectional area of the room in m2； Cd1、Cd2The flow coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; cp1、Cp2The air pressure coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; h is the height of the window set in m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; rho0Is the outdoor air density in kg/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2。
Examples of the present invention are given below.
Taking a certain integrated building in Changsha city as an example for explanation, the seventh floor to the twenty-second floor of the integrated building are office buildings, the floor height is 3.5m, the office layouts of all the floors are the same, and the theoretical window opening area of a certain office in the seventh floor when natural ventilation is utilized under the working conditions of summer and winter is calculated respectively;
the floor height of the office is 22.1m, and the area is 36.7m2The number of people is 4, and the minimum fresh air volume per person is 30m3The window size is 3.7m multiplied by 1.5m, the window size of the sleeve window can be 0.2m multiplied by 0.2m, and the flow coefficient can be 0.8; the air pressure coefficients of the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively 0.8-0.5.
Example 1
In summer, under the working condition:
finding out the relevant meteorological parameters as follows: calculating the dry bulb temperature to be 36.5 ℃ outdoors; the indoor design temperature is 25 ℃; the outdoor average wind speed is 2.2 m/s;
at a height of 22.1m, the outdoor wind speed is: (c is 0.35 and a is 0.25)
v＝CHav0＝0.35×22.10.25×2.2＝1.67m/s
Is substituted into the formula (1) to obtain,
as a result, in summer, the window area of the office was 0.022m2And meanwhile, the indoor fresh air requirement can be met.
The opening of the window can be adjusted according to the window opening area, and the window size is 0.2m multiplied by 0.2m, namely, the window opening can meet the indoor fresh air requirement when being about 0.11 m.
Example 2
Under the working condition in winter:
finding out the relevant meteorological parameters as follows: calculating the temperature of the dry bulb to be-0.8 ℃ outdoors; the indoor design temperature is 20 ℃; the outdoor average wind speed is 2.2 m/s;
at a height of 22.1m, the outdoor wind speed is: (c is 0.35 and a is 0.25)
v＝CHav0＝0.35×22.10.25×2.2＝1.67m/s
Is substituted into the formula (1) to obtain,
as a result, in the winter condition, the window area of the office in the window set is 0.022m2In time, indoor fresh air requirements can be met.
The opening of the sleeve window can be adjusted according to the windowing area. As the size of the window set is 0.2m multiplied by 0.2m, the indoor fresh air requirement can be met when the opening of the window set is about 0.11 m.
For high-rise buildings, as the building height increases, the outdoor wind speed increases, and the theoretical window opening area sequentially decreases, compared with the method for artificially and randomly controlling the opening degree of a window of the high-rise building to perform natural ventilation, the method has the characteristic of flexibility and flexibility, and can also be called as a flexible control method, the flexible control method is more scientific and reasonable, and the situation that the natural ventilation cannot meet indoor requirements or be excessively utilized is avoided; meanwhile, in the flexible control method, the high-rise building window is used for lighting, the sleeve window is used for meeting the indoor natural ventilation requirement, the size is small, the setting is flexible (the setting can be higher than the safety height), the reasonable utilization of the natural ventilation under the safety condition is ensured, and the use and the replacement are convenient.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A natural ventilation control method based on minimum fresh air volume and wind pressure hot-pressing distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. predicting the minimum fresh air volume: according to the functions and purposes of the room, the product of the minimum fresh air volume per person and the number of people in the room is used as the fresh air volume value required by the room;
B. collecting parameter values: the parameter values comprise the average wind speed of the local meteorological station, the average temperature calculated outdoors, the average temperature of the indoor air and the window size of the room;
C. calculating the theoretical windowing area: the basic calculation formula of the theoretical windowing area calculation is as follows:
1) when only opening the window
In the formula: a is the theoretical window opening area value, and the unit is m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；CdIs the flow coefficient; h is the height of the window set, and the unit is m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; cpi、CpoThe air pressure coefficients of the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2；
2) When the window and the door are opened simultaneously
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
by solving A in formula (2)aThe value is the theoretical windowing area;
in the formula: a. theaIs a theoretical windowed area value in m2(ii) a n is the number of persons in the room; q is the minimum fresh air volume per capita, and the unit is m3/h；AcIs the area of the door opening in m2；AbIs the central cross-sectional area of the room in m2；Cd1、Cd2The flow coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; cp1、Cp2The air pressure coefficients of the inlet and the outlet are respectively; h is the height of the window set, and the unit is m; t isi、ToThe average temperature values of indoor air and outdoor air are respectively, and the unit is K; v. of0Is the outdoor air flow rate, and the unit is m/s; rho0Is the outdoor air density in kg/m3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2；
D. The opening of the sleeve window is adjusted through manual or automatic control devices, so that the natural ventilation is reasonably utilized.
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