CN109703414B - Battery module control method and electric vehicle battery control system - Google Patents
Battery module control method and electric vehicle battery control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109703414B CN109703414B CN201811618751.4A CN201811618751A CN109703414B CN 109703414 B CN109703414 B CN 109703414B CN 201811618751 A CN201811618751 A CN 201811618751A CN 109703414 B CN109703414 B CN 109703414B
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery module control method, which comprises the following steps: the battery management unit detects an AC/DC connection confirmation signal and then enters a charging control mode; the battery management unit controls the self-checking of the battery module, if the self-checking is normal, the battery management unit obtains the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack in the battery module, and the charging mode of the battery module is determined according to a first temperature threshold range where the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack is located. By the method, the charging mode of the battery module can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the charging effect of the power battery pack can be improved under the low-temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery control of electric automobiles, in particular to a battery module control method.
Background
The power battery is an essential part of the electric automobile, has the characteristics of cleanness, high efficiency and environmental protection, but the activity of active substances in the power battery is reduced under the condition of low temperature, the reaction rate of electrodes is low, the charging capacity is weak, and the service life and the safety of the power battery are influenced.
At present, a control method of a battery module of an electric vehicle can only control the start and stop of charging of a power battery pack in the battery module, but cannot control the battery module to adopt different charging strategies according to the temperature correspondingly under the low-temperature condition, and cannot effectively alleviate the defect that the charging effect of the power battery pack is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for controlling a battery module, where the battery module is used in a battery control system of an electric vehicle, and can reasonably select a charging mode of the battery module according to an initial detection temperature of a power battery pack, so as to improve a charging effect of the power battery pack under a low temperature condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a battery module control method, the battery module is used for an electric vehicle battery control system, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11, if the battery management unit detects the AC/DC connection confirmation signal, entering a charging control mode;
s12, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S13; if the self-checking fails, the charging is forbidden;
s13, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery pack in the battery modulecAnd passing the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe first temperature threshold range determines a charging mode of the battery module.
Optionally, the initial detection temperature T of the power battery pack is determined according tocThe first temperature threshold range determines that the charging mode of the battery module is as follows:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a first temperature threshold T1The battery module enters a first charging mode, and the first charging mode is a low-temperature heating-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2The battery module enters a second charging mode, and the second charging mode is a heating and charging mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2And is less than the third temperature threshold T3The battery module enters a third charging mode, and the third charging mode is a charging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold T3And the battery module prohibits charging and the charging is finished.
Optionally, after entering the first charging mode, when the power battery pack patrols the inspection temperature TxGreater than or equal to fourth temperature threshold T4At the same time, the battery module enters a second charging mode, wherein a fourth temperature threshold T4Greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2。
Optionally, after the battery module enters the second charging mode, the battery management unit obtains the remaining power of the power battery pack and the inspection temperature TxAdjusting the charging heating current of the battery module to the optimal charging heating current according to the charging current MAP;
patrol temperature T of power battery packxGreater than or equal to a fifth temperature threshold T5When the first temperature threshold T is lower than the second temperature threshold T, the first charging mode is entered, wherein the second temperature threshold T is lower than the first temperature threshold T5Greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2And is less than the third temperature threshold T3。
Optionally, after the self-checking of the battery module is normal, the initial checking temperature T of the power battery pack is obtainedcBefore, the battery management unit also performs relay adhesion detection, and if no relay adhesion exists, the operation goes to S13; and if the relay is adhered, the charging is forbidden.
Optionally, the method further includes:
s21, if the battery management unit does not detect the AC/DC connection confirmation signal but detects an ACC (adaptive control center) and an ON (ON-state) signal of the whole vehicle, entering a discharge control mode;
s22, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S23; if the self-test cannot be passed, the battery module is prohibited from discharging;
s23, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcAnd according to the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe second temperature threshold range determines a discharge mode of the battery module.
Optionally, according to the power battery packInitial temperature T ofcThe second temperature threshold range determines the discharge mode of the battery module as:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a sixth temperature threshold T6Prohibiting the battery module from discharging;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is met, the battery module enters a first discharging mode, wherein the first discharging mode is a heating and discharging mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is not met, the battery module enters a second discharging mode, and the second discharging mode is a discharging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to seventh temperature threshold T7And is less than the eighth temperature threshold T8The battery module enters a second discharge mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the eighth temperature threshold T8And if so, the battery module prohibits discharging and finishes discharging.
Optionally, the preset determination condition is:
the battery module is used for testing the temperature T of the power battery pack from the initial testcHeating to ninth temperature threshold T9First electric energy E required1Less than the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcUp to a ninth temperature threshold T9Second electric energy E added by rear power battery pack2Wherein the ninth temperature threshold T9Greater than a sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7。
Optionally, after the battery module enters the first discharging mode, the battery management unit obtains the remaining power of the power battery pack and the inspection temperature TxAnd adjusting discharge heating of the battery module according to the discharge current MAPCurrent to the optimal discharge heating current;
patrol temperature T of power battery packxNot lower than ninth temperature threshold T9Then enter a second discharge mode, the ninth temperature threshold T9Greater than a sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7。
An electric vehicle battery control system comprising: the system comprises a vehicle control unit, a charger and a battery module;
the battery module includes: the system comprises a power battery pack, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a current sensing device, a first fusing device, a second fusing device, a heating unit, a temperature sensing device and a battery management unit;
the whole vehicle controller, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a discharging loop;
the charger, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a charging loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the charger to form a charging heating loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the power battery pack to form a discharging and heating loop;
the vehicle control unit is used for sending a power-on instruction to the battery management unit;
the charger is used for providing heating voltage, heating current, charging voltage, charging current, charging heating voltage and charging heating current;
the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected temperature value to the battery management unit;
the current sensor is used for detecting the current of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected current value to the battery management unit;
the power battery pack comprises at least one power battery and is used for providing discharge voltage, discharge current, discharge heating voltage and discharge heating current;
the first fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the second fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be switched on and off by the battery management unit;
and the battery management unit is used for controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be switched on and off according to the temperature and the current value of the power battery pack and the requirement of a battery module, and reporting the temperature and the current value to the vehicle control unit or the charger.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention at least has the following advantages:
the invention provides a battery module control method, which comprises the following steps: the battery management unit detects an AC/DC connection confirmation signal and then enters a charging control mode; the battery management unit controls the self-checking of the battery module, if the self-checking is normal, the battery management unit obtains the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack in the battery module, and the charging mode of the battery module is determined according to a first temperature threshold range where the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack is located. By the method, the charging mode of the battery module can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the charging effect of the power battery pack can be improved under the low-temperature condition.
Furthermore, the first temperature threshold range is divided into a plurality of ranges, and the corresponding charging mode is selected by judging the temperature range of the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that more accurate charging management is performed on the battery module.
Furthermore, after the battery module enters the second charging mode, the battery management unit obtains the residual electric quantity and the inspection temperature of the power battery pack by simultaneously starting charging and heating, and adjusts the charging heating current of the battery module to the optimal charging heating current according to the charging current MAP, so that the charging capacity of the battery module can be remarkably improved, and the charging time of the power battery pack can be shortened.
Further, after the battery module is subjected to self-checking normally and before the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack is obtained, relay adhesion detection is carried out, if no relay adhesion exists, the battery management unit obtains the initial checking temperature, and the charging mode of the battery module is determined according to the first temperature threshold range of the initial checking temperature; and if the relay is adhered, the charging is forbidden. Through relay adhesion judgment, the components and parts in the battery module can be effectively prevented from being damaged by misoperation under the relay adhesion condition, and the reliability of the battery module is improved.
Further, if the AC/DC connection confirmation signal is not detected but the ACC and ON signals of the whole vehicle are detected, the discharging control mode is entered; the battery management unit controls the self-checking of the battery module, if the self-checking is normal, the battery management unit obtains the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack, and determines the discharging mode of the battery module according to a second temperature threshold range where the initial checking temperature of the power battery pack is located. By the method, the discharge mode of the battery module can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the discharge effect of the battery module can be improved under the low-temperature condition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a battery control system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery module control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the battery module is used in a battery control system of an electric vehicle, and the battery module control method includes:
s11, if the battery management unit detects the AC/DC connection confirmation signal, entering a charging control mode;
s12, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S13; if the self-checking fails, the charging is forbidden;
s13, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery pack in the battery modulecAnd passing the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe first temperature threshold range determines a charging mode of the battery module.
The initial detection temperature Tc of the power battery pack is the temperature of the power battery pack acquired by the battery management unit for the first time after the battery module is started each time.
The charging mode of the battery module can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the charging effect of the power battery pack can be improved under the low-temperature condition.
Referring to fig. 2 of the drawings,in an embodiment of the present application, the battery management unit obtains an initial detection temperature T of the power battery pack in the battery modulecThen, the charging mode of the battery module can be determined through the first temperature threshold range where the initial detection temperature Tc of the power battery pack is located. The first temperature threshold range provided by the embodiment of the application can be divided into a plurality of ranges, so that more accurate charging management is performed on the battery module. Namely, the embodiment of the application provides the initial detection temperature T passing through the power battery packcThe first temperature threshold range determines that the charging mode of the battery module is as follows:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a first temperature threshold T1The battery module enters a first charging mode, and the first charging mode is a low-temperature heating-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2The battery module enters a second charging mode, and the second charging mode is a heating and charging mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2And is less than the third temperature threshold T3The battery module enters a third charging mode, and the third charging mode is a charging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold T3And the battery module prohibits charging and the charging is finished.
Referring to fig. 2, if the battery module enters the first charging mode, at this time, the battery management unit closes the third relay first, then closes the first relay and the second relay and requests the charger to obtain the heating voltage and the heating current, and after confirmation, the first relay is turned off after X seconds of delay. The battery management unit patrols and examines and acquires and patrols and examines the temperature, wherein, patrolling and examining for the tour detection, after the preliminary examination is accomplished promptly, follow-up tour detection of going on patrols and examines, patrols and examines the battery management unit every time and all can acquire and examine the temperature.
When the power battery is assembledAnd when the line is heated to enable the inspection temperature Tx of the heated power battery pack to be larger than or equal to a fourth temperature threshold T4, the battery module enters a second charging mode, the battery management unit closes the first relay and requests the charger to obtain charging heating voltage and charging heating current, and the charging heating current comprises the charging current and the current required by heating of the heating unit. The fourth temperature threshold T4Greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2。
It can be understood that, because the charger is provided with the protection device, the charger can normally work only after the two ends of the charger detect the voltage. Therefore, the system closes the third relay, and then closes the first and second relays after the battery module enters the first charging mode. When the first relay is closed, the two ends of the charger can detect the voltage of the power battery pack, and the charger can work and output the voltage to the outside; when the second relay is closed, the heating loop is a passage. At the moment of heating starting, the current fluctuates, and if the first relay is immediately switched off, heating starting failure is possibly caused, so that the first relay is switched off within X seconds, the reliability of heating starting is improved, heating starting failure is avoided, and the delayed X seconds can be set according to actual conditions.
Referring to fig. 2, if the battery module enters the second charging mode, at this time, the battery management unit closes the third relay first, then closes the first relay and the second relay, and requests the charger to obtain the charging heating voltage and the charging heating current.
After the battery module enters the second charging mode, the battery management unit can acquire the residual electric quantity and the patrol temperature T of the power battery packxAnd according to the charging current MAP, adjusting the charging heating current of the battery module to the optimal charging heating current so as to improve the charging capability of the battery module and shorten the charging time of the power battery pack. Patrol temperature T of power battery packxGreater than or equal to a fifth temperature threshold T5And when the battery management unit is started, the battery management unit disconnects the second relay and enters the third charging mode.
It can be understood that, since the maximum sustainable charging current of the power battery pack is different at different temperatures and residual amounts of electricity, a corresponding charging current MAP can be prepared according to actual needs. According to the following formula, the battery management unit can adjust the charging heating current to the optimal charging heating current in real time by comparing the inspection temperature with the charging current MAP through detecting the acquired residual electric quantity in real time so as to improve the charging capability of the battery module and shorten the charging time of the power battery pack.
The formula: i ═ ICharging of electricity+IHeating ofWherein I is the optimum charging heating current of the battery at this time, ICharging of electricityThe maximum sustainable charging current under the current residual capacity and the inspection temperature can be obtained by inquiring a charging current MAP chart according to the current residual capacity and the inspection temperature, IHeating ofThe current required for heating.
Referring to fig. 2, if the battery module enters the third charging mode, at this time, the battery management unit closes the third relay first, then closes the first relay and requests the charger to obtain the charging voltage and the charging current. And when the battery management unit detects that the power battery pack reaches a charge cut-off condition, stopping charging and finishing charging, wherein the charge cut-off condition is preset according to needs.
It can be appreciated that if the temperature is too low, the power battery pack is directly charged, which not only has low charging efficiency, but also affects the service life of the power battery pack, and if the temperature is too high, the power battery pack may be ignited.
Therefore, the first temperature threshold T is set in the present embodiment1The device is used for judging whether the initial detection temperature is too low to charge the power battery pack; setting a second temperature threshold T2The system is used for judging whether charging needs to be heated or not; setting a third temperature threshold T3The device is used for judging whether the initial detection temperature is too high to charge the power battery pack; setting a fourth temperature threshold T4For judging whether to change the first charging mode into the second charging mode, and setting a fifth temperature threshold T5The second charging mode is used for judging whether to convert into a third charging mode;
when the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is less than a first temperature threshold value T1And when the temperature is too low, the power battery pack cannot be directly charged, so that the service life and the charging efficiency of the power battery pack are ensured, and the power battery pack is only heated and is not charged.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold value T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2At this time, the temperature of the power battery pack is still low, and the optimal charging effect cannot be achieved, so that the power battery pack can be charged while being heated, so that the charging effect of the power battery pack is improved.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2And is less than the third temperature threshold T3At this time, the temperature of the power battery pack can ensure the charging effect without heating the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack can be directly charged at this time.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold T3At this time, the temperature of the power battery pack is too high to charge the power battery pack, so that the safety of the power battery pack is ensured.
In the first charging mode, when the polling temperature is more than or equal to the fourth temperature threshold T4However, at this temperature, the charging effect of the power battery pack is not good, and the power battery pack needs to be heated, and therefore, the first charging mode needs to be changed to the second charging mode.
In the second charging mode, when the polling temperature is greater than or equal to the fifth temperature threshold T5Now, it is described that the temperature of the power battery pack can ensure the charging effect without heating the power battery pack, and therefore, the second charging mode needs to be changed into the third charging mode.
Through the battery module control method provided by the above embodiment of the invention, the charging mode of the battery module can be determined through the first temperature threshold range where the initial detection temperature Tc of the power battery pack is located. The first temperature threshold range can be divided into a plurality of ranges, so that more accurate charging management can be performed on the battery module, the charging mode of the battery can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, and the charging effect of the battery can be improved under the low-temperature condition. On the basis, after the battery module enters the second charging mode, the battery management unit adjusts the charging heating current of the battery module to the optimal charging heating current through the remaining electric quantity of the power battery pack and the inspection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the charging capacity of the battery module can be obviously improved, and the charging time of the power battery pack is shortened.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present application, in order to further improve reliability of a battery module, after the battery module is normally self-tested, a primary test temperature T of a power battery pack is obtained according to the embodiment of the present applicationcBefore, the battery management unit also performs relay adhesion detection, and if no relay adhesion exists, the operation goes to S13; and if the relay is adhered, the charging is forbidden. It will be appreciated that the relay stick detection procedure described above may also be applied to embodiments of the discharge control mode.
Referring to fig. 6, the total voltage positive Bat + in the battery and the total voltage negative Bat- (now assumed to be 0V) in the battery are detected as voltages at two ends of the power battery pack, and the difference between the two is the total voltage of the power battery pack.
And because the voltage ranges of the power battery packs are different, no matter what kind of battery, the rated voltage of the 50% power battery pack is less than or equal to the lowest total voltage of the power battery pack, for example: the rated voltage of the power battery pack containing a single ternary lithium battery monomer is about 3.6V, the normal use voltage range is 3.0-4.2V, the lowest total voltage of the power battery pack is 3.0V, and the rated voltage of 50 percent of the power battery pack is less than or equal to 1.8V (3.6V multiplied by 50 percent) and less than or equal to the lowest total voltage of the power battery pack, namely 3.0V.
Therefore, if the first relay, the second relay, and the third relay are turned off, no voltage, i.e., 0V, exists at the positive first total external voltage HV1 +. If the first relay is adhered at the moment, voltage exists at the positive HV1+ of the first outer total voltage, and the voltage difference between the positive HV1+ of the first outer total voltage and the negative Bat-voltage difference of the total voltage in the battery is the voltage at two ends of the power battery pack. At the moment, the total voltage between the first external total voltage positive HV1+ and the battery internal total voltage negative Bat-is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, and then the first relay can be judged to be adhered.
Similarly, the first relay is closed, the second relay and the third relay are opened, and the total voltage between the second external total voltage HV2+ and the battery internal total voltage negative Bat-is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, so that the second relay is judged to be adhered;
and the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are disconnected, and the total voltage between the first external total voltage negative HV 1-and the battery internal total voltage positive Bat + is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, so that the third relay is judged to be adhered.
Therefore, when the battery management unit carries out relay adhesion detection;
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are disconnected, and the total voltage between the positive first external total voltage HV1+ and the negative total voltage Bat-in the battery is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, so that the first relay is judged to be adhered; otherwise, the first relay is normal;
the first relay is closed, the second relay and the third relay are disconnected, and the total voltage between the positive voltage HV2+ of the second external total voltage and the negative voltage Bat-of the battery is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, so that the second relay is judged to be adhered; otherwise, the second relay is normal;
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are disconnected, and the total voltage between the negative first external total voltage HV 1-and the positive total voltage Bat + in the battery is more than or equal to 50% of the rated total voltage of the power battery pack, so that the third relay is judged to be adhered; otherwise, the third relay is normal.
According to the battery module control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through relay adhesion detection, misoperation under the relay adhesion condition can be effectively prevented from damaging components in the battery module, and the reliability of the battery module is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the battery module control method provided by the present application, when the battery management unit detects an ac/dc connection confirmation signal, a charging control mode is entered; in addition, in the battery module control method provided by the application, when the battery management unit does not detect the ac/dc connection confirmation signal but detects the ACC and ON signals of the whole vehicle, the vehicle enters the discharging mode. Specifically referring to fig. 4, a flowchart of a discharge control method of a battery module provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, where the battery module control method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:
s21, if the battery management unit does not detect the AC/DC connection confirmation signal but detects an ACC signal and an ON signal of the whole vehicle, entering a discharge control mode, wherein the ACC signal of the whole vehicle is an accessory power-ON gear signal, and the ON signal of the whole vehicle is a power-ON gear signal;
and if the battery management unit does not detect the AC/DC connection confirmation signal and does not detect the ACC and ON signals of the whole vehicle, the battery module is prohibited from discharging.
S22, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S23; if the self-test cannot be passed, the battery module is prohibited from discharging;
s23, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcAnd according to the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe second temperature threshold range determines a discharge mode of the battery module.
The initial detection temperature Tc of the power battery pack is the temperature of the power battery pack acquired by the battery management unit for the first time after the battery module is started each time.
The discharging mode of the battery module can be reasonably selected according to the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack, so that the discharging effect of the power battery pack can be improved under the low-temperature condition.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present application, a battery management unit obtains an initial temperature T of a power battery pack in a battery modulecThen, the discharge mode of the battery module can be determined through the second temperature threshold range where the initial detection temperature Tc of the power battery pack is located. The second temperature threshold range provided by the embodiment of the present application may beAnd the battery module is divided into a plurality of ranges, so that more accurate discharge management is performed on the battery module. Namely, the embodiment of the application provides the initial detection temperature T according to the power battery packcThe second temperature threshold range determines the discharge mode of the battery module as:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a sixth temperature threshold T6Prohibiting the battery module from discharging;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is met, the battery module enters a first discharging mode, wherein the first discharging mode is a heating and discharging mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is not met, the battery module enters a second discharging mode, and the second discharging mode is a discharging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to seventh temperature threshold T7And is less than the eighth temperature threshold T8The battery module enters a second discharge mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the eighth temperature threshold T8And if so, the battery module prohibits discharging and finishes discharging.
Wherein the preset judgment condition is as follows: the battery module is used for testing the temperature T of the power battery pack from the initial testcHeating to ninth temperature threshold T9First electric energy E required1Less than the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcUp to a ninth temperature threshold T9Second electric energy E added by rear power battery pack2Said ninth temperature threshold T9Greater than a sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7Said ninth temperature threshold T9For optimal heating temperature.
The ninth temperature threshold may be preset according to needs or may be calculated by the battery management unit.
The battery management unit calculates and obtains the ninth temperature threshold T9The method comprises the following steps:
the battery management unit calculates and obtains electric energy E1(T) required by the battery module to heat the power battery pack from the initial detection temperature Tc to each temperature;
the battery management unit calculates and obtains the electric energy E2(T) increased by the power battery pack after the power battery pack is increased from the initial detection temperature Tc to each temperature,
the battery management unit makes differences between a plurality of electric energy E2(T) and E1(T) at the same temperature, namely obtains energy difference values delta E (T) at each temperature through E2(T) -E1 (T);
taking a positive maximum value in the energy difference values delta E (T) to obtain a maximum energy difference value delta Emax (Ti);
if the temperature Ti corresponding to the maximum energy difference Δ emax (Ti) satisfies the determination condition that "is greater than or equal to the sixth temperature threshold T6 and less than the seventh temperature threshold T7", the temperature Ti is the ninth temperature threshold T9.
If the temperature Ti corresponding to the maximum energy difference value delta Emax (Ti) does not meet the judgment condition, sequentially selecting the temperature corresponding to the second largest energy difference value, and if the temperature corresponding to the second largest energy difference value meets the judgment condition, determining the temperature to be a ninth temperature threshold value T9; if not, sequentially judging downwards; if the temperature corresponding to the forward minimum value in Δ e (T) does not satisfy the above determination condition, it is determined that the ninth temperature threshold value T9 does not exist, and the calculation is ended.
In another embodiment, the battery management unit calculates the ninth temperature threshold T9The method comprises the following steps:
the battery management unit calculates and obtains electric energy E1(T) required by the battery module to heat the power battery pack from the initial detection temperature Tc to each temperature, wherein each temperature is greater than or equal to a sixth temperature threshold T6 and smaller than a seventh temperature threshold T7;
the battery management unit calculates and obtains electric energy E2(T) added by the power battery pack after the power battery pack is increased from the initial detection temperature Tc to each temperature, wherein each temperature is greater than or equal to a sixth temperature threshold T6 and smaller than a seventh temperature threshold T7;
the battery management unit makes differences between a plurality of electric energy E2(T) and E1(T) at the same temperature, namely obtains energy difference values delta E (T) at each temperature through E2(T) -E1 (T);
determining whether a forward value exists among the plurality of energy difference values Δ E (T),
if the positive value exists, taking the temperature Ti corresponding to the maximum value delta Emax (Ti) of the positive direction as a ninth temperature threshold value T9;
if the forward direction value does not exist, the ninth temperature threshold value T9 value is judged not to exist, and the calculation is finished.
Further, the preset judgment condition can be that the to-be-driven mileage S not greater than the available driving mileage S is input through the human-computer interaction device1The battery management unit calculates and judges whether a ninth temperature threshold T exists9Said ninth temperature threshold T9Is greater than or equal to a sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold value T7Simultaneously, the system finishes the driving mileage S1Then, the battery module detects the temperature T of the power battery pack from the initial detectioncHeating to ninth temperature threshold T9First electric energy E required1Less than the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcUp to a ninth temperature threshold T9Second electric energy E added by rear power battery pack2And the maximization of the remaining capacity is realized.
The electric energy increased by the power battery pack after heating can be guaranteed to be larger than the electric energy consumed during heating by setting the preset judgment condition, so that whether the battery module enters the first discharging mode or not can be judged before discharging to start the heating unit. If the battery module needs to enter the first discharging mode, the battery module is heated to ensure that the electric energy increased by the power battery pack after heating is larger than the electric energy consumed during heating, so that the discharging depth of the power battery pack is effectively increased, and the endurance mileage is improved; if the battery module is judged not to be heated, the heating unit is not started, so that the electric energy of the power battery pack is effectively saved.
Referring to fig. 5, if the battery module enters the first discharging mode, after receiving the power-on command, the battery management unit closes the third relay, and then closes the first relay and the second relay to obtain the discharging heating current.
After the battery module enters the first discharging mode, the battery management unit can acquire the residual electric quantity and the patrol temperature T of the power battery packxAnd adjusting the battery module to the optimal discharge heating current according to the discharge current MAP so as to improve the discharge capacity of the battery module. Patrol temperature T of power battery packxGreater than or equal to ninth temperature threshold value T9When the battery module enters the second discharging mode, the battery management unit disconnects the second relay.
It can be understood that, because the maximum sustainable discharge current of the power battery pack is different at different temperatures and residual capacities, a corresponding discharge current MAP can be prepared in advance according to actual needs, and each temperature and residual capacity in the discharge current MAP has its corresponding maximum sustainable discharge current. According to the following formula, the battery management unit can compare the discharging current MAP with the remaining capacity and the inspection temperature detected in real time to adjust the optimal discharging heating current in real time so as to improve the discharging capacity of the battery module.
The formula: i isPut＝IDischarge of electricity-IHeating of；
Wherein, IPutFor optimum discharge heating current of the battery at that time, IDischarge of electricityFor the maximum sustainable discharge current at the current remaining capacity and the patrol temperature, it can be obtained by querying a discharge current MAP for the current remaining capacity and the patrol temperature, IHeating ofThe current required for heating.
Referring to fig. 5, if the battery module enters the second discharging mode, after receiving the power-on command, the battery management unit closes the third relay first, and then closes the first relay to release the discharging current required by the vehicle controller. When the battery management unit detects that a discharge cutoff condition is reached, the battery module prohibits discharge and the discharge is ended, wherein the discharge cutoff condition is preset as required.
And if the battery module enters the first discharging mode or the second discharging mode, the battery module is prohibited from discharging when the power-on command is not received.
It can be appreciated that if the temperature is too low, the power battery pack is directly discharged, which not only has low discharge efficiency, but also affects the service life of the power battery pack, and if the temperature is too high, the power battery pack may be ignited.
Therefore, the sixth temperature threshold T is set in the present embodiment6The device is used for judging whether the initial detection temperature is too low to discharge the power battery pack; setting a seventh temperature threshold T7The preset judgment condition is used for judging whether the power battery pack needs to be heated during discharging; setting an eighth temperature threshold T8The device is used for judging whether the initial detection temperature is too high to discharge the power battery pack;
when the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is less than the sixth temperature threshold T6And when the temperature is too low, the power battery pack cannot be discharged, so that the service life of the power battery pack is ensured.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7And because the preset judgment condition is met, if the power battery pack is heated, the electric quantity increased by the heated power battery pack is greater than the electric quantity consumed by the power battery pack for supplying power to the heating unit, and therefore, the power battery pack can be heated to improve the discharging effect of the power battery pack.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7When the power battery pack is heated, the electric quantity increased by the heated power battery pack is less than the electric quantity consumed by the power battery pack for supplying power to the heating unit, so that the power battery pack is not in line with the preset judgment condition at the same time, and the electric quantity is less than the electric quantity consumed by the power battery pack for supplying power to the heating unit although dischargingThe efficiency is low, but the power battery pack is still not heated but discharged directly to save the energy of the power battery pack.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the seventh temperature threshold T7And is less than the eighth temperature threshold T8At this time, the temperature of the power battery pack can ensure the discharging effect without heating the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack is directly discharged at this time.
When the initial detection temperature of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the eighth temperature threshold T8At this time, the temperature of the power battery pack is too high to discharge the power battery pack, so that the safety of the power battery pack is ensured.
In this embodiment, the second temperature threshold range may be divided into a plurality of ranges, so as to perform more accurate discharge management on the battery module. Thereby enabling to improve the discharging effect of the battery under low temperature conditions. On the basis, whether the battery module enters a first discharging mode or not is judged before discharging, and the heating unit is started. If the battery module needs to enter the first discharging mode, the battery module is heated to ensure that the electric energy increased by the power battery pack after heating is larger than the electric energy consumed during heating, so that the discharging depth of the power battery pack is effectively increased, and the endurance mileage is improved; if the battery module is judged not to be heated, the heating unit is not started, so that the electric energy of the power battery pack is effectively saved. In addition, after the first discharging mode of the battery module, the battery management unit can adjust the battery module to the optimal charging heating current, and the charging capacity of the battery module can be remarkably improved.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle battery control system, and a schematic structural diagram of the electric vehicle battery control system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 6, and includes:
the system comprises a vehicle control unit, a charger and a battery module;
the battery module includes: the system comprises a power battery pack, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a current sensing device, a first fusing device, a second fusing device, a heating unit, a temperature sensing device and a battery management unit;
the whole vehicle controller, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a discharging loop;
the charger, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a charging loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the charger to form a charging heating loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the power battery pack to form a discharging and heating loop;
the vehicle control unit is used for sending a power-on instruction to the battery management unit;
the charger is used for providing heating voltage, heating current, charging voltage, charging current, charging heating voltage and charging heating current; wherein the charging heating current comprises a charging current and a current required by heating of the heating unit; the charger is a vehicle-mounted charger or a non-vehicle-mounted charger.
The temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected temperature value to the battery management unit;
the current sensor is used for detecting the current of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected current value to the battery management unit;
the power battery pack comprises at least one power battery and is used for providing discharge voltage, discharge current, discharge heating voltage and discharge heating current; wherein the discharge heating current comprises a discharge current and a current required by heating of the heating unit;
the first fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the second fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be switched on and off by the battery management unit;
and the battery management unit controls the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be switched on and off according to the temperature and the current value of the power battery pack and the requirement of a battery module, and reports the temperature and the current value to the vehicle control unit or the charger.
In the discharging control mode, after receiving a power-on instruction of the vehicle control unit, the battery management unit controls the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be switched on and off according to the discharging mode of the battery module, and reports the switching on and off of the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to the vehicle control unit or the charger
Wherein, the heating unit is a PTC heating unit, a heating film or a heating plate made of carbon crystal material and the like with heating function.
In the embodiment, when the battery control system is used for charging and heating, the second relay and the third relay are respectively arranged at two sides of the heating unit; and when the electric discharge heating is carried out, the first relay and the second relay are connected with the heating unit in series. The battery control system can ensure that under the condition that one relay fails and can not be disconnected, the other relay can work normally to disconnect heating, and the reliability and the high efficiency of the heating unit are ensured.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A battery module control method, the battery module is used for an electric vehicle battery control system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, if the battery management unit detects the AC/DC connection confirmation signal, entering a charging control mode;
s12, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S13; if the self-checking fails, the charging is forbidden;
s13, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery pack in the battery modulecAnd passing the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe first temperature threshold range determines a charging mode of the battery module;
passing through the initial temperature T of the power battery packcThe first temperature threshold range determines that the charging mode of the battery module is as follows:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a first temperature threshold T1The battery module enters a first charging mode, and the first charging mode is a low-temperature heating-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2The battery module enters a second charging mode, and the second charging mode is a heating and charging mode; after the battery module enters the second charging mode, the battery management unit acquires the remaining capacity and the inspection temperature Tx of the power battery pack, and adjusts the charging heating current of the battery module to the optimal charging heating current according to the charging current MAP, including: the battery management unit compares a charging current MAP graph with the acquired residual capacity and the inspection temperature through real-time detection to acquire the current residual capacity and the maximum sustainable charging current at the inspection temperature, and according to a formula: i ═ ICharging of electricity+IHeating ofAdjusting the charging heating current to the optimal charging heating current in real time to improve the charging capability of the battery module and shorten the charging time of the power battery pack, wherein I is the optimal charging heating current of the battery when I is the optimal charging heating current of the battery, ICharging of electricityFor the current remaining capacity and the maximum sustainable charging current at the inspection temperature, IHeating ofThe current required for heating;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2And is less than the third temperature threshold T3The battery module enters a third charging mode, and the third charging mode is a charging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold T3And the battery module prohibits charging and ends charging.
2. The battery module control method according to claim 1, wherein after entering the first charging mode, when the patrol temperature T of the power battery pack is higher than the first threshold valuexGreater than or equal to fourth temperature threshold T4The battery module enters the second charging mode, wherein the fourth temperature threshold T4Greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold T1And is less than the second temperature threshold T2。
3. The battery module control method according to claim 1,
and after the battery module enters the second charging mode, when the patrol inspection temperature Tx of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to a fifth temperature threshold T5, entering the third charging mode, wherein the fifth temperature threshold T5 is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold T2 and is less than a third temperature threshold T3.
4. The battery module control method according to claim 1, wherein after the self-test of the battery module is normal, the initial test temperature T of the power battery pack is obtainedcBefore, the battery management unit also performs relay adhesion detection, and if no relay adhesion exists, the operation goes to S13; and if the relay is adhered, the charging is forbidden.
5. The battery module control method according to claim 1, further comprising:
s21, if the battery management unit does not detect the AC/DC connection confirmation signal but detects an ACC (adaptive control center) and an ON (ON-state) signal of the whole vehicle, entering a discharge control mode;
s22, the battery management unit controls the battery module to perform self-checking, and if the self-checking is normal, the operation goes to S23; if the self-check fails, the battery module is prohibited from discharging;
s23, the battery management unit acquires the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcAnd according to the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcThe second temperature threshold range determines a discharge mode of the battery module.
6. The battery module control method according to claim 5, wherein the initial temperature T of the power battery pack is determined according to the initial temperature TcThe second temperature threshold range determines the discharge mode of the battery module as:
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcLess than a sixth temperature threshold T6Prohibiting the battery module from discharging;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to the sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is met, the battery module enters a first discharging mode, wherein the first discharging mode is a heating and discharging mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7If the preset judgment condition is not met, the battery module enters a second discharging mode, and the second discharging mode is a discharging-only mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcGreater than or equal to seventh temperature threshold T7And is less than the eighth temperature threshold T8The battery module enters the second discharge mode;
if the initial temperature T of the power battery packcIs greater than or equal to the eighth temperature threshold T8If so, the battery module prohibits discharging and finishes discharging;
the preset judgment condition is as follows:
the battery module is used for testing the temperature T of the power battery pack from the initial testcHeating to ninth temperature threshold T9First electric energy E required1Less than the initial detection temperature T of the power battery packcUp to a ninth temperature threshold T9Second electric energy E added by rear power battery pack2Wherein the ninth temperature threshold T9Greater than the sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7。
7. The battery module control method according to claim 6, wherein after the battery module enters the first discharging mode, the battery management unit obtains the remaining capacity and the inspection temperature T of the power battery packxAdjusting the discharging heating current of the battery module to the optimal discharging heating current according to the discharging current MAP graph;
when the inspection temperature T of the power battery packxNot lower than ninth temperature threshold T9Then enter a second discharge mode, the ninth temperature threshold T9Greater than the sixth temperature threshold T6And is less than the seventh temperature threshold T7。
8. An electric vehicle battery control system, characterized in that the method of any one of claims 1-7 is applied, the system comprising: the system comprises a vehicle control unit, a charger and a battery module;
the battery module includes: the system comprises a power battery pack, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a current sensing device, a first fusing device, a second fusing device, a heating unit, a temperature sensing device and a battery management unit;
the whole vehicle controller, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a discharging loop;
the charger, the first relay, the current sensing device, the first fusing device, the power battery pack and the third relay are sequentially connected in series to form a charging loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the charger to form a charging heating loop;
the second relay, the second fusing device, the heating unit and the third relay are sequentially connected in series and then are connected in parallel with the power battery pack to form a discharging and heating loop;
the vehicle control unit is used for sending a power-on instruction to the battery management unit;
the charger is used for providing heating voltage, heating current, charging voltage, charging current, charging heating voltage and charging heating current;
the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected temperature value to the battery management unit;
the current sensor is used for detecting the current of the power battery pack and feeding back the detected current value to the battery management unit;
the power battery pack comprises at least one power battery and is used for providing discharge voltage, discharge current, discharge heating voltage and discharge heating current;
the first fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the second fusing device is used for providing fusing protection;
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be switched on and off by the battery management unit;
and the battery management unit is used for controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be switched on and off according to the temperature and the current value of the power battery pack and the requirement of a battery module, and reporting the temperature and the current value to the vehicle control unit or the charger.
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| CN112193126B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-09-16 | 郑州宇通集团有限公司 | Charging control method and system for electric automobile |
| CN110435478A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-12 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | A kind of power battery charging system, charging method and electric car |
| CN111731150A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-10-02 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | AGV scheduling method and device |
| CN112216886B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-05-20 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for estimating battery charging time |
| CN113799656B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2023-07-21 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Electric automobile and battery driving heating method and device thereof |
| CN111942228A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Low-temperature charging control system and control method for electric automobile |
| CN113364081B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-07-12 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Low-temperature charging method and device |
| CN113844335A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-28 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Charging method of vehicle-mounted battery, vehicle and readable storage medium |
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