CN109696483B - Ultrasonic detection auxiliary device based on penetration method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection auxiliary device based on penetration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109696483B CN109696483B CN201811647721.6A CN201811647721A CN109696483B CN 109696483 B CN109696483 B CN 109696483B CN 201811647721 A CN201811647721 A CN 201811647721A CN 109696483 B CN109696483 B CN 109696483B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic detection auxiliary device based on a penetration method, which comprises a track device, a chuck device and a probe, wherein: the track device is provided with two track beams, namely a track beam I and a track beam II; the first track beam is hinged with the second track beam through a cylindrical hinge; the two chuck devices are respectively a first chuck device and a second chuck device; each chuck device elastically clamps a probe; the two chuck devices are correspondingly connected with the two track beams one by one; each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam. Therefore, the invention can simplify the manual flaw detection operation at the part, realize one-hand detection, has adjustable angle within a certain range, can be widely used for detecting the defects at the corner between the steel structure panel and the stiffening rib, and improves the accuracy of handheld measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic testing auxiliary device based on a penetration method.
Background
The basic principle of ultrasonic weld crack detection is as follows: if there is a defect such as a crack in the metal, the ultrasonic wave is reflected when it propagates to the interface between the metal and the defect. The reflected ultrasound is received by the probe and a waveform is generated on the display from the signal. The position of the defect in the workpiece can be judged according to the change of the waveform. The conventional ultrasonic detection instrument needs to coat a coupling agent on the surface of an object to be detected, a manual handheld probe moves and scans the surface of the object to be detected, and meanwhile, the waveform on a display of the ultrasonic instrument is observed to judge defects. For some included angle parts, such as the welding seams between the steel panel and the stiffening ribs, the accurate detection is difficult to be carried out by using the traditional single-probe scanning method. At this time, the position needs to be scanned by using a double-probe penetration method, but the method is complex to operate, particularly at the top plate part of the steel bridge deck, an inspector needs to hold the probe with two hands to tightly attach to the surface of a workpiece for scanning, but besides the probe, a display also needs to be controlled, so that the operation is difficult for a single person. When the requirement on the accuracy of scanning results is high, the position of the probe is strictly required, but the probe is easy to slide and is not easy to fix due to the fact that the probe is held by hands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultrasonic detection auxiliary device based on a penetration method, which is mainly used for solving the inconvenience of flaw detection at the welding seam between an orthotropic steel bridge deck and a U rib in the conventional ultrasonic detection technology based on a double-probe ultrasonic detection technology. The manual flaw detection operation at the position can be simplified, and the one-hand detection and the self-attachment of the probe and the plane to be detected are realized. Meanwhile, the combined device can be detached for use so as to adapt to double-probe detection under the common condition.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic testing auxiliary device based on a penetration method comprises a rail device, a chuck device and a probe, wherein:
the track device is provided with two track beams, namely a track beam I and a track beam II; the first track beam is hinged with the second track beam through a cylindrical hinge;
the two chuck devices are respectively a first chuck device and a second chuck device; each chuck device elastically clamps a probe;
the two chuck devices are correspondingly connected with the two track beams one by one; each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam.
Further, the device also comprises an ejection device; the ejection device comprises an ejection spring, an upper plate, a lower plate and a connecting plate;
the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged in an M shape; the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate are arranged in parallel at intervals up and down, the left convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the left convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a left connecting plate, and the right convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the right convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a right connecting plate;
the first track beam and the second track beam are both positioned between the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate; the first track beam and the second track beam are connected with the concave part of the M-shaped upper plate and the concave part of the M-shaped lower plate through cylindrical hinges;
the cylindrical hinge comprises a hinge shaft and a hinge rigid hole matched with the hinge shaft; the hinge shaft comprises an end nut and a positioning shaft connected with the end nut, a section of the positioning shaft close to the end of the positioning shaft is provided with a stud, and a shaft body between the stud and the end nut is an optical axis; the hinge rigid hole comprises a stud passing hole I arranged on the upper plate, a stud passing hole II arranged on the track beam II, a hinge rotating hole arranged on the track beam I, a stud fixing hole I arranged on the track beam II and a stud fixing hole II arranged on the lower plate; a stud of the positioning shaft sequentially penetrates through the stud passing hole I, the stud passing hole II and the hinge rotating hole and then is sequentially in threaded connection with the stud fixing hole I and the stud fixing hole II;
the two ejection springs are provided, one end of one ejection spring is connected with the left connecting plate, and the other end of the ejection spring is connected with the first track beam; one end of the other ejection spring is connected with the right connecting plate, and the other end of the other ejection spring is connected with the second track beam;
under the elastic force of the ejection spring, the included angle between the first track beam and the second track beam is 90-105 degrees.
Furthermore, each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam through a gear-rack transmission mechanism;
the gear-rack transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other;
the gear is arranged at one end of the gear column, and the other end of the gear column is provided with a knob;
the gear is arranged on the chuck device through a movable rivet II, and the rack is arranged on the track beam;
and rotating the knob to drive the chuck device to move along the rack through the gear.
Further, the chuck device comprises a chuck shell, wherein the chuck shell is provided with a probe passing hole; the probe is arranged on the fixed spring plate and is connected with the chuck shell through the ejection spring plate; the fixed spring plate and the ejection spring plate are arranged in the chuck shell; the probe can expose the chuck shell under the elastic action of the ejection spring plate.
Further, the probe is clamped between the inner wall of the chuck shell and the fixed spring plate; and balls are respectively laid between the probe and the inner wall of the chuck shell and between the probe and the fixed spring plate.
Furthermore, the chuck shell is provided with a rotary gate, one end of the rotary gate is connected with the chuck shell, and the other end of the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove which can be locked/unlocked with a friction nail arranged on the chuck shell.
Furthermore, the chuck shell comprises a U-shaped plate, wherein the U-shaped plate is provided with two side arms and a closed end connected between the two side arms; two side arms of the U-shaped plate are respectively a side arm a and a side arm b; the U-shaped plate is connected with the vertical section of the L-shaped plate at one side of the closed end, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate and the side arm of the U-shaped plate are arranged in the same direction;
the rotary gate is arranged at the position of the notch of the U-shaped plate; one end of the rotary gate is connected with the end part of the side arm a of the U-shaped plate in a positioning way through a movable rivet I; friction nails are arranged at the end parts of the side arms b of the U-shaped plates; the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove capable of locking/unlocking the friction nail at a position corresponding to the friction nail; the locking groove is an arc-shaped U-shaped groove, and the notch of the locking groove is positioned on the transverse end face of the rotary flashboard;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate is connected with the probe through an ejection spring plate; the probe can do telescopic motion relative to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate under the elastic force action of the ejection spring plate;
the U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed spring plate between two side arms, and the fixed spring plate is connected with a side arm b of the U-shaped plate through a spring assembly a; the probe is positioned between the fixed spring plate and the side arm a of the U-shaped plate, the probe is connected with the fixed spring plate through a first ball bearing, and the probe is connected with the side arm a through a second ball bearing;
the ejection spring is connected with the back of the L-shaped plate transverse straight section.
Further, the ejection spring plate is provided with two pieces.
Furthermore, the first track beam and the second track beam are both horizontal beams and comprise end plates and four limiting columns which are uniformly distributed on the end plates and are respectively a limiting column a, a limiting column b, a limiting column c and a limiting column d; wherein:
the limiting column a and the limiting column b are positioned above, the limiting column c and the limiting column d are positioned below, and the limiting column a and the limiting column d are positioned outside;
the gear is positioned between the limiting column a and the limiting column b, and the limiting column a and the limiting column b are both provided with racks meshed with the gear;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate passes through the gap between the limiting column a and the limiting column d and then is connected with the ejection spring;
the hinge rotating hole is columnar, and the side wall of the hinge rotating hole is respectively connected with a limiting column b and a limiting column c of the first track beam;
the stud through hole II is arranged on a limiting column b of the track beam II; and the stud fixing hole I is arranged on the limiting column c of the track beam II.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides an auxiliary device for detecting double probes by one hand aiming at ultrasonic detection of defects at a welding seam of a steel panel and a stiffening rib, the relative positions of the two probes are fixed by a rail device, so that an operator can scan by one hand, the other hand can be vacated for operating a display, and work of two persons in the past can be finished by only one person. The difficulty of manual operation is effectively reduced, and the stability and the accuracy during measurement are improved.
The probe is self-jointed with the surface to be detected through an ejection device.
The relative positions of the two probes are adjusted through the gear, so that the positions of the probes can be accurately controlled, and more accurate detection is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of penetration inspection on which the present invention is based
FIG. 2 is an integrally disassembled perspective view of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the track set of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a chuck assembly in accordance with the present invention
FIG. 5 is a second perspective view of the chuck assembly of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the ejector assembly of the present invention
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the connection system of the present invention
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the real bridge detection of the present invention
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the split state of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a rail device; 1a, a first track beam; 1b, a second track beam; 2. an ejection device; 2a, an upper plate; 2b, a lower plate; 2c, a rectangular connecting plate; 2d, ejecting a spring; 3. a chuck device; 4. a probe; 5. a bolt; 6a, a hinge rotation hole; 6b, a stud passing hole II; 6c, a stud fixing hole I; 6d, penetrating the first stud through the hole; 6e, a stud fixing hole II; 7. a gear arrangement; 7a, a gear column; 7b and a second movable rivet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the ultrasonic testing auxiliary device based on the penetration method according to the present invention includes a rail device, a chuck device, and a probe, wherein:
the track device is provided with two track beams, namely a track beam I and a track beam II; the first track beam is hinged with the second track beam through a cylindrical hinge;
the two chuck devices are respectively a first chuck device and a second chuck device; each chuck device elastically clamps a probe;
the two chuck devices are correspondingly connected with the two track beams one by one; each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam.
Further, the device also comprises an ejection device; the ejection device comprises an ejection spring, an upper plate, a lower plate and a connecting plate;
the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged in an M shape; the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate are arranged in parallel at intervals up and down, the left convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the left convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a left connecting plate, and the right convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the right convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a right connecting plate;
the first track beam and the second track beam are both positioned between the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate; the first track beam and the second track beam are connected with the concave part of the M-shaped upper plate and the concave part of the M-shaped lower plate through cylindrical hinges;
the cylindrical hinge comprises a hinge shaft and a hinge rigid hole matched with the hinge shaft; the hinge shaft comprises an end nut and a positioning shaft connected with the end nut, a section of the positioning shaft close to the end of the positioning shaft is provided with a stud, and a shaft body between the stud and the end nut is an optical axis; the hinge rigid hole comprises a stud passing hole I arranged on the upper plate, a stud passing hole II arranged on the track beam II, a hinge rotating hole arranged on the track beam I, a stud fixing hole I arranged on the track beam II and a stud fixing hole II arranged on the lower plate; a stud of the positioning shaft sequentially penetrates through the stud passing hole I, the stud passing hole II and the hinge rotating hole and then is sequentially in threaded connection with the stud fixing hole I and the stud fixing hole II;
the two ejection springs are provided, one end of one ejection spring is connected with the left connecting plate, and the other end of the ejection spring is connected with the first track beam; one end of the other ejection spring is connected with the right connecting plate, and the other end of the other ejection spring is connected with the second track beam;
under the elastic force of the ejection spring, the included angle between the first track beam and the second track beam is 90-105 degrees.
Furthermore, each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam through a gear-rack transmission mechanism;
the gear-rack transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other;
the gear is arranged at one end of the gear column, and the other end of the gear column is provided with a knob;
the gear is arranged on the chuck device through a movable rivet II, and the rack is arranged on the track beam;
and rotating the knob to drive the chuck device to move along the rack through the gear.
Further, the chuck device comprises a chuck shell, wherein the chuck shell is provided with a probe passing hole; the probe is arranged on the fixed spring plate and is connected with the chuck shell through the ejection spring plate; the fixed spring plate and the ejection spring plate are arranged in the chuck shell; the probe can expose the chuck shell under the elastic action of the ejection spring plate.
Further, the probe is clamped between the inner wall of the chuck shell and the fixed spring plate; and balls are respectively laid between the probe and the inner wall of the chuck shell and between the probe and the fixed spring plate.
Furthermore, the chuck shell is provided with a rotary gate, one end of the rotary gate is connected with the chuck shell, and the other end of the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove which can be locked/unlocked with a friction nail arranged on the chuck shell.
Furthermore, the chuck shell comprises a U-shaped plate, wherein the U-shaped plate is provided with two side arms and a closed end connected between the two side arms; two side arms of the U-shaped plate are respectively a side arm a and a side arm b; the U-shaped plate is connected with the vertical section of the L-shaped plate at one side of the closed end, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate and the side arm of the U-shaped plate are arranged in the same direction;
the rotary gate is arranged at the position of the notch of the U-shaped plate; one end of the rotary gate is connected with the end part of the side arm a of the U-shaped plate in a positioning way through a movable rivet I; friction nails are arranged at the end parts of the side arms b of the U-shaped plates; the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove capable of locking/unlocking the friction nail at a position corresponding to the friction nail; the locking groove is an arc-shaped U-shaped groove, and the notch of the locking groove is positioned on the transverse end face of the rotary flashboard;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate is connected with the probe through an ejection spring plate; the probe can do telescopic motion relative to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate under the elastic force action of the ejection spring plate;
the U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed spring plate between two side arms, and the fixed spring plate is connected with a side arm b of the U-shaped plate through a spring assembly a; the probe is positioned between the fixed spring plate and the side arm a of the U-shaped plate, the probe is connected with the fixed spring plate through a first ball bearing, and the probe is connected with the side arm a through a second ball bearing;
the ejection spring is connected with the back of the L-shaped plate transverse straight section.
Further, the ejection spring plate is provided with two pieces.
Furthermore, the first track beam and the second track beam are both horizontal beams and comprise end plates and four limiting columns which are uniformly distributed on the end plates and are respectively a limiting column a, a limiting column b, a limiting column c and a limiting column d; wherein:
the limiting column a and the limiting column b are positioned above, the limiting column c and the limiting column d are positioned below, and the limiting column a and the limiting column d are positioned outside;
the gear is positioned between the limiting column a and the limiting column b, and the limiting column a and the limiting column b are both provided with racks meshed with the gear;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate passes through the gap between the limiting column a and the limiting column d and then is connected with the ejection spring;
the hinge rotating hole is columnar, and the side wall of the hinge rotating hole is respectively connected with a limiting column b and a limiting column c of the first track beam;
the stud through hole II is arranged on a limiting column b of the track beam II; and the stud fixing hole I is arranged on the limiting column c of the track beam II.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of the ultrasonic penetration method based on the present invention is: an ultrasonic transmitting device is attached to the surface of a workpiece to be detected and transmits sound waves at a set angle, and a receiving device is used at the other end of the workpiece to receive the sound waves. After a proper included angle is selected and the positions of the two instruments are adjusted, the receiving end can completely receive the signal of the transmitting end under the condition that the interior of the workpiece is intact, but the signal cannot be received if flaws such as cracks appear in the signal. Based on the principle, whether the crack occurs in the workpiece can be accurately and directly judged.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the ultrasonic testing auxiliary device based on the penetration method of the present invention includes an angle-adjustable track device, two movable chuck devices, a gear device for controlling the movement of the chuck, an ejector device and a connection system. The track device comprises a track beam I1 a and a track beam II 1 b; the chuck device comprises a chuck shell 3a, a fixed spring plate 3b, an ejection spring plate 3c, a gate 3d, a movable rivet I3 e, a friction nail 3f, a group of balls 3g and two groups of balls 3 h; the gear device comprises a gear column 7a and a movable rivet II 7b, and the ejection device comprises an upper plate 2a, a lower plate 2b, a rectangular connecting plate 2c and an ejection spring 2 d; the connecting system comprises a hinge rotating hole 6a, a stud passing hole II 6b, a stud fixing hole I6 c, a stud passing hole I6 d of the upper plate and a stud fixing hole II 6e of the lower plate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the track device is formed by hinging two track beams 1a and 1b, the track beams are formed by hollowing out the middle of two solid beams, the middle hollowing out provides a space for placing and moving the chuck device, and four limit columns are reserved around each beam for fixing the chuck device in the direction perpendicular to the track direction while hollowing out. In order to quantitatively control the movement of the chuck in the track beam, uniform teeth are engraved on one of four limit columns of the two track beams, which is in contact with the gear column 7a, so as to form a rack which is used as a track for the gear device to move, the specific size of the teeth of the rack is determined by the modulus of a gear on the gear device, after the gear is meshed with the rack, the gear can move on the rack by rotating the gear column, and the moving distance is positively correlated with the rotating angle, so that the position of the chuck device can be accurately adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the chuck device is composed of a chuck housing 3a, a fixed spring plate 3b, an ejecting spring plate 3c, a rotary gate 3d, a movable rivet one 3e, a friction pin 3f, a group of balls 3g and two groups of balls 3 h:
the chuck shell 3a comprises a U-shaped plate, and the U-shaped plate is provided with two side arms and a closed end connected between the two side arms; two side arms of the U-shaped plate are respectively a side arm a and a side arm b; the U-shaped plate is connected with the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate at one side of the closed end, and the vertical section of the L-shaped plate and the side arm of the U-shaped plate are arranged in the same direction.
A rotary gate is arranged at the position of the notch of the U-shaped plate; one end of the rotary gate is connected with the end part of the side arm a of the U-shaped plate in a positioning way through a movable rivet I; friction nails are arranged at the end parts of the side arms b of the U-shaped plates; the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove capable of locking/unlocking the friction nail at a position corresponding to the friction nail; the lock groove is an arc-shaped U-shaped groove, and the notch of the lock groove is positioned on the transverse end face of the rotary flashboard. Therefore, by pushing the rotary shutter to rotate around the movable rivet, the rotary shutter closes the notch of the U-shaped plate when the friction pin engages with the lock groove, and opens the notch of the U-shaped plate when the friction pin disengages from the lock groove. The gate and the friction nail are provided with larger damping to ensure that the gate and the friction nail are not easy to generate dislocation when being occluded, so the inner wall of the groove and the outer surface of the friction nail are subjected to frosting treatment.
The vertical section of the L-shaped plate is connected with the probe through an ejection spring plate; the probe can do telescopic motion relative to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate under the elastic force action of the ejection spring plate. Under the natural state, the ejection spring plate 3c ejects the probe 4 out of the opening for a certain distance, the device is manually ejected tightly during measurement, the spring is stressed and compressed, the probe 4 is tightly attached to the surface to be measured, and the two ejection spring plates respectively exert force from two directions to eject the probe out by a certain inclination angle, so that the surface to be measured is allowed to have a certain unevenness.
The U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed spring plate between two side arms, and the fixed spring plate is connected with a side arm b of the U-shaped plate through a spring assembly a; the probe is positioned between the fixed spring plate and the side arm a of the U-shaped plate, the probe is connected with the fixed spring plate through a first ball, and the probe is connected with the side arm a through a second ball. The fixed spring plate 3b serves to constrain the probe in this direction, and to this end, to fix the probe perpendicular to the ejection direction.
Therefore, when the probe moves under the action of the ejection spring plate, the first ball and the second ball can reduce the friction force between the probe and the side arm b of the U-shaped plate and the fixed spring plate when the probe moves, and the unsmooth ejection caused by the overlarge friction force between the probe and the inner wall of the shell due to the elastic force of the spring is prevented.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the gear device is composed of a gear column 7a and a movable rivet two 7b, the gear column 7a is formed by grinding a column, one end of the gear column is ground into a gear and used for moving on an inner rack of the track beam, the other end of the gear column is used as a knob, and fine lines are engraved for skid prevention. The diameter of gear equals with the interval between the spacing post, ensures the normal rotation of gear, and gear post 7a is riveted with the chuck shell through two 7b of activity rivets, and the gear removes along the rack on the track roof beam when rotating the knob, owing to adopted the activity riveting between with the chuck, consequently the gear post only can drive the chuck translation and can not drive its rotation to the realization is to the accurate adjustment of probe position in the track. Meanwhile, the chuck device can tightly clamp the probe, so that the length of the movable rivet II 7b is slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the chuck shell in order to avoid the influence of large friction force on normal rotation when the rivet is contacted with the probe, and the position of the rivet is lower than the opening on the chuck in the working process.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the ejector device is composed of an upper plate 2a, a lower plate 2b, a rectangular connecting plate 2c and an ejector spring 2d, wherein a first stud passing hole 6d is formed in the upper plate 2a, and a second stud fixing hole 6e is formed in the lower plate 2b for connecting with a rail device. The upper plate 2a and the lower plate 2b are both "M" shaped plates, and the distance between the two "M" shaped plates is equal to the thickness of the track device 1, so that a space for accommodating the track device 1 is ensured, and the two "M" shaped plates can be tightly extruded with the track device 1 without dislocation when bolts are screwed down. The length of the spring is obtained by calculation, the two track beams are required to be naturally ejected out to form an included angle of 105 degrees in a natural state, so that the spring directly props against the device when in use, the two track beams are enabled to automatically cling to the surface to be detected, the included angle of the track beams can be changed from 90 degrees to 105 degrees after the spring is compressed under stress, and the angle can be measured to be 75 degrees to 90 degrees.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the connection system is a cylindrical hinge structure, and comprises a hinge shaft and a hinge rigid hole matched with the hinge shaft; the hinge shaft comprises an end nut and a positioning shaft connected with the end nut, a section of the positioning shaft close to the end of the positioning shaft is provided with a stud, and a shaft body between the stud and the end nut is an optical axis. The stud of the positioning shaft sequentially penetrates through a first stud penetrating hole 6d of the upper plate, a second stud penetrating hole 6b of the second track beam and a hinge rotating hole 6a formed in the first track beam and then is sequentially in threaded connection with a first stud fixing hole 6c of the second track beam and a second stud fixing hole 6e of the lower plate; therefore, when the stud of the positioning shaft is unscrewed, the first track beam 1a can rotate around the optical axis of the positioning shaft relative to the second track beam 1b, so that the included angle between the two is adjusted; when the cylindrical hinge rotates to a required angle, the positioning shaft is screwed down, so that pressure is applied to the optical axis of the positioning shaft, and the friction force of the rotation of the hinge is increased due to the existence of the pressure, so that the relative rotation between the cylindrical hinges is prevented, and the included angle between the two rail beams is fixed.
And the ejection device is connected with the rail device through the first stud passing hole 6d of the upper plate and the second stud fixing hole 6e of the lower plate through the positioning shaft, and further, the second stud fixing hole 6e of the lower plate can be in threaded connection with the second rail beam through the positioning shaft, so that when the bolt is loosened, the two beams of the rail device, the rail device and the ejection device can rotate relatively, when the bolt rotates to a required included angle, the bolt is screwed down, and similarly, the two rail beams and the relative positions of the rail device and the ejection device can be simultaneously fixed. In order to achieve this effect, the dimensional requirements for the positioning shaft are: the length of the optical axis is equal to the distance from the outer surface of the upper plate to the inner surface of the stud fixing hole of the second track beam, and the length of the stud is equal to the distance from the inner surface of the stud fixing hole of the second track beam to the outer surface of the lower plate.
During the real bridge inspection, each part is completely assembled, a couplant is coated at a position to be inspected, then the manual handheld device props against the device with a certain force to enable the device to be attached at an included angle, a bolt is screwed after a probe is attached to the surface, the included angle of the rail device and the relative positions of the rail device and the ejection device are fixed, then the gear column is rotated to adjust the positions of the two probes until the display receives a waveform, and then the device can be moved along the direction of a welding seam to detect the welding seam defect on one line, wherein the specific scene is shown in fig. 8. A longer connecting wire is selected to connect the probe and the ultrasonic instrument to ensure the free movement of the device on the measuring path.
In general detection work, an ejection device can be removed, only the rail device is assembled with the chuck, the gear device and the probe, a detection angle in a wider range can be realized, during detection, a coupling agent is coated on a surface to be detected, then the rail device is adjusted to a proper angle to be attached to a workpiece to be detected, after the probe is attached, the bolt is screwed down, so that the included angle of the rail device can be fixed, the rest steps are the same as those during real bridge detection, and the length of the connecting line is specifically shown in fig. 9, and the length of the connecting line is selected according to actual needs.
It is to be understood that matters not described in detail in the present specification are underlying theories and techniques well known to those skilled in the art. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ultrasonic testing auxiliary device based on a penetration method is characterized by comprising a track device, a chuck device and a probe, wherein: the track device is provided with two track beams, namely a track beam I and a track beam II; the first track beam is hinged with the second track beam through a cylindrical hinge;
the two chuck devices are respectively a first chuck device and a second chuck device; each chuck device elastically clamps a probe;
the two chuck devices are correspondingly connected with the two track beams one by one; each chuck device is movably connected with the corresponding track beam;
the device also comprises an ejection device; the ejection device comprises an ejection spring, an upper plate, a lower plate and a connecting plate;
the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged in an M shape; the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate are arranged in parallel at intervals up and down, the left convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the left convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a left connecting plate, and the right convex part of the M-shaped upper plate and the right convex part of the M-shaped lower plate are connected into a whole through a right connecting plate;
the first track beam and the second track beam are both positioned between the M-shaped upper plate and the M-shaped lower plate; the first track beam and the second track beam are connected with the concave part of the M-shaped upper plate and the concave part of the M-shaped lower plate through cylindrical hinges;
the cylindrical hinge comprises a hinge shaft and a hinge rigid hole matched with the hinge shaft; the hinge shaft comprises an end nut and a positioning shaft connected with the end nut, a section of the positioning shaft close to the end of the positioning shaft is provided with a stud, and a shaft body between the stud and the end nut is an optical axis; the hinge rigid hole comprises a stud passing hole I arranged on the upper plate, a stud passing hole II arranged on the track beam II, a hinge rotating hole arranged on the track beam I, a stud fixing hole I arranged on the track beam II and a stud fixing hole II arranged on the lower plate; a stud of the positioning shaft sequentially penetrates through the stud passing hole I, the stud passing hole II and the hinge rotating hole and then is sequentially in threaded connection with the stud fixing hole I and the stud fixing hole II;
the two ejection springs are provided, one end of one ejection spring is connected with the left connecting plate, and the other end of the ejection spring is connected with the first track beam; one end of the other ejection spring is connected with the right connecting plate, and the other end of the other ejection spring is connected with the second track beam;
under the elastic force of the ejection spring, the included angle between the first track beam and the second track beam is 90-105 degrees.
2. The ultrasonic penetration-based inspection aid of claim 1 wherein each collet assembly is movably connected to the respective rail beam by a rack and pinion drive;
the gear-rack transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other;
the gear is arranged at one end of the gear column, and the other end of the gear column is provided with a knob;
the gear is arranged on the chuck device through a movable rivet II, and the rack is arranged on the track beam;
and rotating the knob to drive the chuck device to move along the rack through the gear.
3. The ultrasonic testing aid based on the penetration method according to claim 2, wherein the cartridge device comprises a cartridge housing having a probe passing hole; the probe is arranged on the fixed spring plate and is connected with the chuck shell through the ejection spring plate; the fixed spring plate and the ejection spring plate are arranged in the chuck shell; the probe can expose the chuck shell under the elastic action of the ejection spring plate.
4. The ultrasonic inspection assisting device based on the penetration method according to claim 3, wherein the probe is clamped between an inner wall of the cartridge housing and the fixed spring plate; and balls are respectively laid between the probe and the inner wall of the chuck shell and between the probe and the fixed spring plate.
5. The ultrasonic testing aid based on the penetration method according to claim 4, wherein the cartridge housing is equipped with a rotary shutter, one end of the rotary shutter is connected to the cartridge housing, and the other end of the rotary shutter is provided with a locking groove capable of locking/unlocking with a friction pin mounted on the cartridge housing.
6. The ultrasonic penetration-based inspection aid of claim 5 wherein the cartridge housing comprises a U-shaped plate having two side arms and a closed end connected between the two side arms; two side arms of the U-shaped plate are respectively a side arm a and a side arm b; the U-shaped plate is connected with the vertical section of the L-shaped plate at one side of the closed end, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate and the side arm of the U-shaped plate are arranged in the same direction;
the rotary gate is arranged at the position of the notch of the U-shaped plate; one end of the rotary gate is connected with the end part of the side arm a of the U-shaped plate in a positioning way through a movable rivet I; friction nails are arranged at the end parts of the side arms b of the U-shaped plates; the rotary gate is provided with a locking groove capable of locking/unlocking the friction nail at a position corresponding to the friction nail; the locking groove is an arc-shaped U-shaped groove, and the notch of the locking groove is positioned on the transverse end face of the rotary flashboard;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate is connected with the probe through an ejection spring plate; the probe can do telescopic motion relative to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate under the elastic force action of the ejection spring plate;
the U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed spring plate between two side arms, and the fixed spring plate is connected with a side arm b of the U-shaped plate through a spring assembly a; the probe is positioned between the fixed spring plate and the side arm a of the U-shaped plate, the probe is connected with the fixed spring plate through a first ball bearing, and the probe is connected with the side arm a through a second ball bearing;
the ejection spring is connected with the back of the L-shaped plate transverse straight section.
7. The ultrasonic inspection assisting device based on the penetration method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ejector spring plate has two pieces.
8. The penetration method-based ultrasonic detection auxiliary device according to claim 7, wherein the first track beam and the second track beam are both horizontal beams, and comprise end plates and four limiting columns uniformly distributed on the end plates, namely a limiting column a, a limiting column b, a limiting column c and a limiting column d; wherein: the limiting column a and the limiting column b are positioned above, the limiting column c and the limiting column d are positioned below, and the limiting column a and the limiting column d are positioned outside;
the gear is positioned between the limiting column a and the limiting column b, and the limiting column a and the limiting column b are both provided with racks meshed with the gear;
the horizontal straight section of the L-shaped plate passes through the gap between the limiting column a and the limiting column d and then is connected with the ejection spring;
the hinge rotating hole is columnar, and the side wall of the hinge rotating hole is respectively connected with a limiting column b and a limiting column c of the first track beam;
the stud through hole II is arranged on a limiting column b of the track beam II; and the stud fixing hole I is arranged on the limiting column c of the track beam II.
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