CN109695239B - Telescopic static pressure probe rod and use method - Google Patents
Telescopic static pressure probe rod and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109695239B CN109695239B CN201910153346.8A CN201910153346A CN109695239B CN 109695239 B CN109695239 B CN 109695239B CN 201910153346 A CN201910153346 A CN 201910153346A CN 109695239 B CN109695239 B CN 109695239B
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- probe rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a telescopic static pressure probe rod and a using method thereof. The external sleeve is of a steel cylinder structure, the closing-up radius of the lower end of the external sleeve is slightly reduced, and the inner wall of the external sleeve is provided with an annular tooth-shaped track. The telescopic static pressure probe rod provided by the invention overcomes the defects that the static pressure probe rod is easy to bend and break in the prior art, the telescopic pipes are mutually constrained, the possibility of torsion, bending and even breaking of the probe rod is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the friction resistance between the rod and a soil body is reduced, and a probe can more easily enter a deep underground soil layer; the application method of the telescopic static pressure probe rod provided by the invention has the advantage that the acquired data has higher engineering reference value by controlling the speed of the probe during downward probing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a static pressure probe rod, in particular to a telescopic static pressure probe rod and a using method thereof.
Background
The static sounding technology utilizes a power device to press a sounding rod with a probe into a test soil layer, and a measuring system is used for measuring the resistance of a cone head and the frictional resistance of a side wall of soil, so that certain basic physical mechanical properties of the soil, such as the deformation modulus of the soil, the allowable bearing capacity of the soil and the like, can be determined. As an in-situ test method in engineering geological exploration, static sounding is commonly used for dividing soil layers, judging the soil layer types, evaluating the engineering characteristics of foundation soil, determining the bearing capacity of a pile foundation bearing layer and a single pile, checking the foundation reinforcement effect in the season of manual filling compactness and the like.
When the deep hole static penetration test penetrates, the probe rod is easy to twist or deflect as the penetration depth increases; if the probe meets hard soil in the pressing process, the penetration resistance is increased, the probe rod is bent, and finally the probe rod cannot be vertically driven into a soil layer or even is broken. At present, the problem is solved by mainly feeding a static exploration protective pipe, called as 'double-layer pipe method static exploration' for short, in a certain depth range, wherein the protective pipe plays a role in guiding and preventing deflection; on the other hand, the bending degree of the probe rod in the protective tube is limited, and the probe rod is prevented from being broken, so that the protective effect on the probe rod is achieved. However, the method has the problems that two sets of equipment, namely a static probe machine and a drilling machine, are required to be alternately used, and the efficiency is low. In addition, the following problems are not considered, the protective tube can only protect the probe rod from deflection or bending within a certain range, and the protective tube still plays an insubstantial role in the working environment under the current ultra-deep hole static sounding; in deep hole and ultra-deep hole static sounding, as the probe rod is always downward probed, the probe cannot penetrate through an ovum gravel interlayer or a hard thick layer in a soil layer due to the larger and larger friction force of the side wall of the probe rod. There is also a method similar to the present invention, which uses multiple layers of casing to guide and constrain each other to drive the probe to a specified depth. However, the problem that the pressing head is driven downwards to the depth is not solved, the speed of penetration is not well controlled, the obtained resistance does not have engineering reference, the operation is complex, and the method is not beneficial to practical engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a telescopic static pressure probe rod, which overcomes the defects that the static pressure probe rod in the prior art is easy to bend and break, the telescopic pipes are mutually constrained, the possibility of twisting, bending and even breaking of the probe rod is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the friction resistance between the rod and a soil body is reduced, and a probe can more easily enter a deep underground soil layer.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a using method of the telescopic static pressure probe rod, and the collected data has more engineering reference value by controlling the speed of the probe in downward probing.
In order to further achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a telescopic static pressure probe rod, includes external sleeve pipe, extension tube subassembly, built-in probe rod and carbon steel probe, external sleeve pipe, extension tube subassembly and built-in probe rod outside-in overlap in proper order place, carbon steel probe install in the lower extreme of built-in probe rod.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the external sleeve is a steel cylinder structure, a lower end closing-up radius of the external sleeve is slightly reduced, and an inner wall of the external sleeve is provided with a ring-tooth-shaped track.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic tube assembly includes a plurality of layers of telescopic tubes, the telescopic tubes are made of steel cylinder structures, an annular cylindrical table is welded on the upper portion of each telescopic tube, and the closing radius of the lower end of each telescopic tube is slightly reduced; the inner wall of the extension tube is provided with a ring-tooth-shaped track; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed into an arc-shaped lining, the arc-shaped lining is provided with a micro engine, a rotating shaft tube and a rotating wheel, and the micro engine drives the rotating wheel to rotate by driving a bearing in the rotating shaft tube; the four rotating wheels are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining; the upper side of the cylindrical table is provided with a threading hole and a wire groove, and wires are led out from the micro engine, pass through the threading hole, are neatly arranged in the wire groove and are led out to external equipment.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the built-in probe is a steel cylinder structure, a spiral passage hole is formed at a lower end of the built-in probe, and an annular cylindrical table is welded at an upper portion of the steel cylinder structure; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed into an arc-shaped lining, the arc-shaped lining is provided with a micro engine, a rotating shaft tube and a rotating wheel, and the micro engine drives the rotating wheel to rotate by driving a bearing in the rotating shaft tube; the four rotating wheels are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining; the upper side of the cylindrical table is provided with a threading hole and a wire groove, and wires are led out from the micro engine, pass through the threading hole, are neatly arranged in the wire groove and are led out to external equipment.
Furthermore, electronic inclinometers are buried under the outer sides of the external sleeve, the telescopic tube assembly and the internal probe rod, and the surfaces of the electronic inclinometers are covered by transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the invention, the upper part of the carbon steel probe is a spiral spike which is conveniently installed in a spiral track hole at the lower end of the built-in probe rod, the middle part of the carbon steel probe is of a cylindrical solid structure and is used for arranging a side wall friction resistance sensor, and the lower part of the carbon steel probe is of a cone structure and is used for arranging a cone tip resistance sensor.
A using method of the telescopic static pressure probe rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing, namely connecting one end of a wire into a main distribution box, connecting the other end of the wire into a telescopic pipe assembly and a micro engine in a built-in probe rod, and neatly arranging the wire in a wire groove; one end of an oil pressure pipe is connected into a high-pressure oil tank, and the other end of the oil pressure pipe is connected into a pressure controller; the telescopic static pressure probe rod is arranged in an external protective pipe anchored with the ground;
secondly, starting a high-pressure oil tank to enable a pressure controller to drive a lower pressure head to drive the external casing into the ground firstly;
thirdly, starting the main distribution box to enable the micro engine of the first layer of telescopic pipe of the telescopic pipe assembly to start to operate, driving the rotating wheel through the connected rotating shaft pipe, driving the first layer of telescopic pipe downwards under the rotation of the rotating wheel, and so on, and driving the second layer of telescopic pipe, the third layer of telescopic pipe, the fourth layer of telescopic pipe and the built-in probe rod underground respectively until the carbon steel probe reaches the specified depth;
and fourthly, data acquisition, wherein the inclination measured by the electronic inclinometer and the side wall friction resistance and the vertebral tip resistance measured by the side wall friction resistance sensor and the vertebral tip resistance sensor on the carbon steel probe are led into the computer through the built-in wireless sensing device when the external sleeve, each layer of telescopic pipe in the telescopic pipe assembly and the built-in feeler lever descend.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the telescopic static pressure probe rod is mutually constrained by the external sleeve, the telescopic pipe assembly and the internal probe rod, and the outer side of each rod piece is provided with the electronic inclinometer, so that the probe rod can be vertically driven into a soil body and is not bent, twisted or even broken. Secondly, because the downward static exploration alone between the flexible pipe, the frictional force between inside flexible pipe and the soil body is not influenced by outside probe rod frictional force, makes the lateral wall resistance of whole static pressure probe rod reduce greatly, therefore surveys down more easily when meetting the soil layer that contains gravel interlayer or hard thick layer. And finally, except for the external casing, a hydraulic press is required to be driven into the soil, each layer of telescopic pipe in the telescopic pipe assembly and the internal probe rod are downwards inserted through the electric control rotating wheel, a large number of complex processes are saved, the probe can downwards probe at a constant speed, and the measured side wall friction resistance and the measured vertebral tip resistance have engineering reference.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a telescopic static pressure probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an external casing of the telescopic static pressure probe rod of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a telescopic tube assembly in the telescopic static pressure probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the telescoping static pressure probe of the present invention as shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a carbon steel probe in the telescopic static pressure probe of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a use step of the telescopic static pressure probe of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic static pressure probe of the present invention in an operating state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the descending speed of the telescopic static pressure probe.
In the figure: 1-external casing pipe, 2-telescopic pipe component, 3-internal probe rod, 4-carbon steel probe, 5-threading hole, 6-wire groove, 7-wire, 8-arc liner, 9-micro engine, 10-rotating shaft pipe, 11-rotating wheel, 12-electronic inclinometer, 13-side wall friction resistance sensor, 14-cone tip resistance sensor, 15-oil conveying pipe, 16-total distribution box, 17-high pressure oil tank, 18-pressure controller and 19-external protective pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the telescopic static pressure probe according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an external casing 1, a telescopic pipe assembly 2, an internal probe 3, and a carbon steel probe 4, where the external casing 1, the telescopic pipe assembly 2, and the internal probe 3 are sequentially stacked from outside to inside, and the carbon steel probe 4 is installed at a lower end of the internal probe 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the main body of the external casing 1 is a steel cylinder structure, and the closing-up radius of the lower end is slightly reduced; the inner wall of the external sleeve 1 is provided with an annular tooth-shaped track for the rotating wheel 11 on the next layer of telescopic pipe to rotate; an electronic inclinometer 12 is embedded below the outer side of the external casing 1, and the surface of the external casing is covered by transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the telescopic tube assembly 2 comprises a plurality of layers of telescopic tubes, the telescopic tubes are made of steel tube structures, the upper part of each telescopic tube is welded with an annular cylindrical table, and the closing radius of the lower end is slightly reduced; the inner wall of the extension tube is provided with a ring-tooth-shaped track; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed to form an arc-shaped lining 8, a micro engine 9, a rotating shaft pipe 10 and a rotating wheel 11 are arranged in the arc-shaped lining 8, and the micro engine 9 drives a bearing in the rotating shaft pipe 10 to drive the rotating wheel 11 to rotate; the rotating wheels 11 are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining 8, and the total number of the rotating wheels is four; a threading hole 5 and a wire groove 6 are formed in the upper side of the cylindrical table, and a wire 7 is led out from a micro engine 9, passes through the threading hole 5, is neatly placed in the wire groove 6 and is led out to external equipment; an electronic inclinometer 12 is embedded below the outer side of the telescopic pipe assembly 2, the surface of the telescopic pipe assembly is covered by transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass, specifically, the electronic inclinometer 12 is embedded below the outer side of each telescopic pipe, and the surface of each telescopic pipe assembly is covered by the transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the built-in probe 3 is provided with a spiral passage hole, the rest of the built-in probe is the same as the single telescopic pipe in the telescopic pipe assembly 2, and the main body of the built-in probe is a steel cylinder structure. Specifically, an annular cylindrical table is welded at the upper part of the steel cylinder structure; the inner wall of the steel cylinder structure is provided with an annular tooth-shaped track; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed to form an arc-shaped lining 8, a micro engine 9, a rotating shaft pipe 10 and a rotating wheel 11 are arranged in the arc-shaped lining 8, and the micro engine 9 drives a bearing in the rotating shaft pipe 10 to drive the rotating wheel 11 to rotate; the four rotating wheels 11 are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining 8; the upper side of the cylindrical table is provided with a threading hole 5 and a wire groove 6, and wires are led out from the micro engine 9, pass through the threading hole 5, are neatly arranged in the wire groove 6 and are led out to external equipment. An electronic inclinometer 12 is embedded below the outer side of the built-in probe rod 3, and the surface of the electronic inclinometer is covered by transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass.
As shown in fig. 5, the upper part of the carbon steel probe 4 is a screw spike which is convenient to be installed in a screw hole at the lower end of the built-in probe rod 3, the middle part of the carbon steel probe is of a cylindrical solid structure and is used for arranging a side wall friction resistance sensor 13, and the lower part of the carbon steel probe is of a cone structure and is used for arranging a cone tip resistance sensor 14.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the use method of the telescopic static pressure probe comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing, namely connecting one end of a lead 7 into a main distribution box 16, connecting the other end of the lead 7 into a telescopic pipe assembly 2 and a micro engine 9 in a built-in probe rod 3, and neatly arranging the lead 7 in a lead groove 6; one end of an oil pressure pipe 15 is connected to a high-pressure oil tank 17, and the other end is connected to a pressure controller 18; the telescopic static pressure probe rod is arranged in an external protective pipe 19 anchored with the ground;
secondly, starting the high-pressure oil tank 17, so that the pressure controller 18 drives a lower pressure head to drive the external casing 1 into the ground firstly;
thirdly, starting the general distribution box 16 to enable the micro-engine 9 of the first layer of telescopic pipes of the telescopic pipe assembly 2 to start to operate, and driving the rotating wheels 11 through the connected rotating shaft pipes 10, so that the first layer of telescopic pipes are driven downwards under the rotation of the rotating wheels 11; by parity of reasoning, the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer of telescopic pipes and the built-in probe rod 3 are driven into the ground respectively until the carbon steel probe 4 reaches the specified depth;
and fourthly, data acquisition, wherein data is guided into a computer through an internal wireless sensing device by the aid of the inclination measured by the electronic inclinometer 12 when the external sleeve 1, each layer of telescopic pipe in the telescopic pipe assembly 2 and the internal probe rod 3 descend and the side wall friction resistance and the vertebral tip resistance measured by the side wall friction resistance sensor 13 and the vertebral tip resistance sensor 14 on the carbon steel probe 4.
As shown in fig. 8, the descending speed of the external casing 1, each layer of telescopic pipes in the telescopic pipe assembly 2 and the internal probe 3 is adjustable by controlling the main distribution box 16. For example: when the external casing 1 descends, t is reached1Velocity at time V0Beginning to do deceleration work until t1Reduced to 0 when' and the first layer of telescoping tubes in the telescoping tube assembly 2 at t1At the moment of 0, starting to do accelerated motion until t2' increase in time to V0And continuing to do a section of uniform motion. By analogy, the carbon steel probe 4 can always keep uniform motion at the speed of V by controlling the descending speed of the telescopic static pressure probe rod0Therefore, the measured side wall friction resistance and the measured vertebral tip resistance have reference.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
In addition, the invention not only limits the measured gradient, side wall friction resistance and vertebral tip resistance, but also can embed or externally arrange components required by soil body temperature, side pressure, gradient, water content, seismic wave velocity, seismic acceleration and the like in the carbon steel probe through a more precise component synthesis technology, and the components are all within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A telescopic static pressure probe rod is characterized by comprising an external sleeve, a telescopic pipe assembly, an internal probe rod and a carbon steel probe, wherein the external sleeve, the telescopic pipe assembly and the internal probe rod are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and the carbon steel probe is arranged at the lower end of the internal probe rod;
the external sleeve is of a steel cylinder structure, the closing-up radius of the lower end of the external sleeve is slightly reduced, and the inner wall of the external sleeve is provided with an annular tooth-shaped track;
the telescopic pipe assembly comprises a plurality of layers of telescopic pipes, each telescopic pipe is formed by a steel cylinder structure, the upper part of each telescopic pipe is welded with an annular cylindrical table, and the closing-up radius of the lower end of each telescopic pipe is slightly reduced; the inner wall of the extension tube is provided with a ring-tooth-shaped track; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed into an arc-shaped lining, the arc-shaped lining is provided with a micro engine, a rotating shaft tube and a rotating wheel, and the micro engine drives the rotating wheel to rotate by driving a bearing in the rotating shaft tube; the four rotating wheels are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining; the upper side of the cylindrical table is provided with a threading hole and a wire groove, and wires are led out from the micro engine, pass through the threading hole, are neatly arranged in the wire groove and are led out to external equipment;
the built-in probe rod is of a steel cylinder structure, the lower end of the built-in probe rod is provided with a spiral channel hole, and the upper part of the steel cylinder structure is welded with an annular cylindrical table; the outer ring of the cylindrical table is hollowed into an arc-shaped lining, the arc-shaped lining is provided with a micro engine, a rotating shaft tube and a rotating wheel, and the micro engine drives the rotating wheel to rotate by driving a bearing in the rotating shaft tube; the four rotating wheels are uniformly distributed in the arc-shaped lining; the upper side of the cylindrical table is provided with a threading hole and a wire groove, and wires are led out from the micro engine, pass through the threading hole, are neatly arranged in the wire groove and are led out to external equipment;
the annular tooth-shaped track is used for the rotating wheel on the next layer of telescopic pipe to rotate.
2. The telescopic static pressure probe rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electronic inclinometer is embedded under the outer side of the external casing, the telescopic tube assembly and the internal probe rod, and the surface of the electronic inclinometer is covered by transparent high-strength wear-resistant glass.
3. The telescopic static pressure probe rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part of the carbon steel probe is a screw spike for facilitating installation in a screw hole at the lower end of the probe rod, the middle part of the probe rod is a cylindrical solid structure for arranging a side wall friction sensor, and the lower part of the probe rod is a conical structure for arranging a cone tip resistance sensor.
4. A method for using the telescopic static pressure probe, which is characterized in that the telescopic static pressure probe of any one of claims 2-3 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing, namely connecting one end of a wire into a main distribution box, connecting the other end of the wire into a telescopic pipe assembly and a micro engine in a built-in probe rod, and neatly arranging the wire in a wire groove; one end of an oil pressure pipe is connected into a high-pressure oil tank, and the other end of the oil pressure pipe is connected into a pressure controller; the telescopic static pressure probe rod is arranged in an external protective pipe anchored with the ground;
secondly, starting a high-pressure oil tank to enable a pressure controller to drive a lower pressure head to drive the external casing into the ground firstly;
thirdly, starting the main distribution box to enable the micro engine of the first layer of telescopic pipe of the telescopic pipe assembly to start to operate, driving the rotating wheel through the connected rotating shaft pipe, driving the first layer of telescopic pipe downwards under the rotation of the rotating wheel, and so on, and driving the second layer of telescopic pipe, the third layer of telescopic pipe, the fourth layer of telescopic pipe and the built-in probe rod underground respectively until the carbon steel probe reaches the specified depth;
and fourthly, data acquisition, wherein the inclination measured by the electronic inclinometer and the side wall friction resistance and the vertebral tip resistance measured by the side wall friction resistance sensor and the vertebral tip resistance sensor on the carbon steel probe are led into the computer through the built-in wireless sensing device when the external sleeve, each layer of telescopic pipe in the telescopic pipe assembly and the built-in feeler lever descend.
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| CN201910153346.8A CN109695239B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Telescopic static pressure probe rod and use method |
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| CN201910153346.8A CN109695239B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Telescopic static pressure probe rod and use method |
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| CN109695239B true CN109695239B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| CN110359441A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-22 | 东南大学 | Wireless hole pressure touching methods test macro based on sonic transmissions |
| CN115198716B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2023-12-26 | 中铁上海设计院集团有限公司 | Progressive reducing method penetration test method for deep soil penetration test |
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| CN106049396B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-07-06 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Deep hole, superdeep holes static cone penetration test method and equipment |
| CN207300838U (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2018-05-01 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of static seratum exploring experimental rig |
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