CN109694819B

CN109694819B - Fermentation tail gas recovery device

Info

Publication number: CN109694819B
Application number: CN201910026781.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚达章; 苏伟恒; 张福东
Original assignee: Zhaoqing City New Vigorously Equipment Manufacturing Installation Ltd
Current assignee: Zhaoqing City New Vigorously Equipment Manufacturing Installation Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-11
Filing date: 2019-01-11
Publication date: 2023-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-11
Also published as: CN109694819A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation tail gas recovery device which comprises a fermentation tank, a cyclone separator, a liquid return pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a liquid level detector and a controller, wherein the liquid return pipe is arranged in the fermentation tank, the cyclone separator comprises a separating cylinder, a second exhaust pipe, a collision plate and a reflux plate, the top of the separating cylinder is connected with the fermentation tank through the first exhaust pipe, the second exhaust pipe is arranged in the separating cylinder, the lower end of the second exhaust pipe is connected with the cylinder wall of the separating cylinder and extends to the outside through the cylinder wall, the collision plate is obliquely arranged in the separating cylinder and is positioned above the top end of the second exhaust pipe, the reflux plate is of a taper pipe structure and is contracted upwards towards the direction of the collision plate, the reflux plate is connected with the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe, and the bottom of the separating cylinder is connected with the liquid return pipe. By adopting the invention, the functions of defoaming and recycling the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tail gas are realized, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Fermentation tail gas recovery device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation equipment, in particular to a fermentation tail gas recovery device.

Background

The fermentation treatment is usually carried out by mixing the raw materials with the fermentation thalli and then placing the mixture in a fermentation tank, foam is generated in the fermentation process, and foam containing a large amount of fermentation liquor enters an exhaust system along with fermentation tail gas, so that the waste of the fermentation liquor is caused, the yield is reduced, the production cost is high, the probability of dying bacteria is increased, and the production is greatly influenced. To reduce this effect, the cyclone is usually connected to a fermenter, and the fermentation off-gas is separated by the cyclone and then enters the exhaust system, and the fermentation liquor recovered by the cyclone is returned to the fermenter. The existing cyclone separator is generally supplied with air from the side and exhausted from the upper end, and has the disadvantages of poor separation effect, low recovery rate of fermentation liquor and high production cost due to short gas-liquid separation stroke.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a fermentation tail gas recovery device, which realizes the functions of defoaming and recovering fermentation liquid in fermentation tail gas and reduces the production cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fermentation tail gas recovery device, which comprises a fermentation tank, a cyclone separator, a liquid return pipe, a first exhaust pipe, a liquid level detector and a controller, wherein the liquid return pipe is arranged in the fermentation tank, one end of the liquid return pipe penetrates through the top of the fermentation tank to extend outwards, the cyclone separator comprises a separating cylinder, a second exhaust pipe, a collision plate and a reflux plate, the top of the separating cylinder is connected with the top of the fermentation tank through the first exhaust pipe, the second exhaust pipe is arranged in the separating cylinder, the lower end of the second exhaust pipe is connected with the wall of the separating cylinder and penetrates through the wall of the separating cylinder to extend to the outside, the collision plate is obliquely arranged in the separating cylinder and is positioned above the top of the second exhaust pipe, the reflux plate is of a taper pipe structure and is retracted upwards in the direction of the collision plate, the reflux plate is connected with the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe, the bottom of the separating cylinder is connected with the liquid return pipe, the liquid return pipe is provided with a valve, the liquid level detector is arranged at the bottom of the separating cylinder, and the controller is electrically connected with the liquid level detector and the valve.

Wherein, have two crescent space between collision board and the separating drum inner wall.

Wherein, the contained angle of collision board face and horizontal plane is 18 ~ 25.

Wherein the cone angle of the reflux plate is 100-120 degrees.

The bottom in the separating cylinder is provided with a first temperature detector and a first heat exchanger, and the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the first temperature detector and the first heat exchanger.

The fermentation tank comprises a tank body, a first driving motor, a rotating shaft, a defoaming paddle, a stirring paddle, a gas supply distributor, a second heat exchanger and a second temperature detector, wherein the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the tank body, the first driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft, the defoaming paddle and the stirring paddle are both arranged in the tank body and are connected with the rotating shaft, the defoaming paddle is located above the stirring paddle, the gas supply distributor is arranged at the bottom in the tank body, the second heat exchanger and the second temperature detector are arranged in the tank body, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the second heat exchanger, the second temperature detector and the first driving motor.

The defoaming paddle comprises an inner ring and blades, the inner ring is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, one ends of the blades which incline are connected with the inner ring, and the blades are provided with defoaming needles which face downwards.

The air supply distributor comprises an inner annular pipe, an outer annular pipe and an air pipe, one end of the air pipe penetrates through the peripheral wall of the tank body and extends out of the tank body, the other end of the air pipe is connected with the inner annular pipe, the middle part of the air pipe is connected with the outer annular pipe, and the inner annular pipe and the outer annular pipe are provided with downward nozzles.

The lifting device comprises a movable plate, a positioning plate, a second driving motor, a base, a screw rod, a sliding rod and a worm, wherein the separating barrel comprises an upper barrel and a lower barrel, the upper barrel is in sliding connection with the lower barrel, the second exhaust pipe comprises an upper pipe and a lower pipe, the upper pipe is in sliding connection with the lower pipe, the upper barrel is connected with the upper pipe, the movable plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper barrel, the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the lower barrel, the base is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate, the worm is rotationally connected with the worm wheel, the worm wheel is connected with the second driving motor, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, the screw rod is sleeved in the worm wheel and is in threaded connection with the worm wheel, the top end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the movable plate, one end of the sliding rod is in sliding connection with the positioning plate, the other end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the movable plate, and the controller is electrically connected with the second driving motor.

The upper cylinder is provided with a first sealing ring close to the peripheral wall of the lower cylinder, and the lower pipe is provided with a second sealing ring close to the peripheral wall of the upper pipe.

The implementation of the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) Foam generated in the fermentation process is discharged into a separating cylinder along with gas, an inclined collision plate and a backflow plate are arranged in the separating cylinder, so that the gas spiral flows downwards and the gas spiral flows upwards after being collided with the backflow plate, the function of tail gas-liquid separation is realized, liquid drops are thrown to the inner wall of the separating cylinder under the action of centrifugal force and are converged downwards along the inner wall, and finally, the liquid drops flow back to a fermentation tank from a liquid return pipe, and the function of fermentation liquid recovery is realized; (2) The exhaust port is arranged at the top of the tank body of the fermentation tank, so that the charging coefficient of the tank body is improved, and the yield of single fermentation is increased; (3) The volume of the separating cylinder can be adjusted through the lifting device, so that the movement stroke of the gas can be adjusted according to the generation amount of foam in fermentation, and the gas can be fully separated from the liquid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a fermentation tail gas recovery device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a fermenter in a fermentation tail gas recovery apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a defoaming paddle in a fermentation tail gas recovery device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a defoaming paddle in a fermentation tail gas recovery device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the gas supply distributor of the fermentation tail gas recovery apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between a fermenter and a cyclone separator in a fermentation tail gas recycling apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view of a cyclone separator in a fermentation tail gas recovery apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of FIG. 7 at I;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the fermentation tail gas in the fermentation tail gas recovery device according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view of a cyclone separator in a fermentation tail gas recovery apparatus according to the present invention after the capacity is increased;

FIG. 11 is a view A-A of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a view B-B of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of FIG. 10 at II;

fig. 14 is an enlarged view at iii of fig. 10.

In the figure: 1. a fermentation tank; 11. an exhaust port; 12. a tank body; 13. a first driving motor; 14. a rotating shaft; 15. defoaming paddles; 151. an inner collar; 152. a blade; 153. a defoaming needle; 16. stirring paddles; 17. a gas supply distributor; 171. an inner collar; 172. an outer collar; 173. a vent pipe; 174. a nozzle; 18. a second heat exchanger; 19. a second temperature detector; 2. a cyclone separator; 21. a separation cylinder; 211. a cylinder is arranged; 212. a lower cylinder; 213. an air inlet; 214. a void; 22. a second exhaust pipe; 221. an upper pipe; 222. a lower pipe; 23. a collision plate; 24. a reflow plate; 25. a liquid outlet; 26. a first temperature detector; 27. a first heat exchanger; 28. the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 3. A liquid return pipe; 31. a valve; 4. a first exhaust pipe; 5. a liquid level detector; 6. a lifting device; 61. a movable plate; 62. a positioning plate; 63. a second driving motor; 64. a base; 65. a screw; 66. a slide bar; 67. a worm wheel; 68. a worm; 7. a first seal ring; 8. and a second seal ring.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the fermentation tail gas recovery device of the present invention comprises a fermentation tank 1, a cyclone separator 2, a liquid return pipe 3, a first exhaust pipe 4, a liquid level detector 5 and a controller, wherein the top of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with an exhaust port 11, the liquid return pipe 3 is arranged in the fermentation tank 1, one end of the liquid return pipe extends outwards through the top of the fermentation tank 1, the cyclone separator 2 comprises a separating cylinder 21, a second exhaust pipe 22, a collision plate 23 and a reflux plate 24, the separating cylinder 21 is vertically arranged, the top of the separating cylinder 21 is provided with an air inlet 213, the air inlet 213 is connected with the exhaust port 11 through the first exhaust pipe 4, the second exhaust pipe 22 is arranged in the separating cylinder 21, the lower end of the second exhaust pipe 22 is connected with the cylinder wall of the separating cylinder 21 and extends to the outside through the cylinder wall, the collision plate 23 is obliquely arranged in the separating cylinder 21 and is positioned above the top of the second exhaust pipe 22, specifically, referring to fig. 12, the collision plate 23 is an elliptical plate, the diameter of the long axis is the same as the diameter of the inner wall of the separating cylinder 21, the collision plate 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the separating cylinder 21, and the inner wall can be the same as the separating cylinder 21. A crescent gap 214 for downward flowing of gas is reserved between the collision plate 23 and the inner wall of the separating cylinder 21, the backflow plate 24 is of a taper pipe structure and is contracted upwards towards the direction of the collision plate 23, the backflow plate 24 is connected with the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe 22, the second exhaust pipe 22 is specifically a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section, the axial lead of the separating cylinder 21 is coaxial with the axial lead of the straight pipe section of the second exhaust pipe 22 and the axial lead of the backflow plate 24, a liquid outlet 25 is formed in the bottom of the separating cylinder 21, the liquid outlet 25 is connected with the liquid return pipe 3, the liquid return pipe 3 is provided with a valve 31, the liquid level detector 5 is arranged at the bottom in the separating cylinder 21, specifically, see fig. 8, the liquid level detector 5 adopts a floating ball liquid level transmitter for monitoring the liquid level of bottom fermentation liquid in the separating cylinder 21, and the controller is electrically connected with the liquid level detector 5 and the valve 31. Referring to fig. 9, foam is continuously generated during fermentation of the raw materials and the fermentation thalli in the fermentation tank 1, because the volume of the fermentation tank 1 is fixed, the foam enters the separation cylinder 21 along with the fermentation tail gas from the first exhaust pipe 4, after the tail gas collides with the collision plate 4, the foam breaks to form small liquid drops, the tail gas flowing at high speed carries the small liquid drops to flow downwards through the gaps 213, the gap 213 is crescent-shaped, the horizontal positions of the two gaps are inconsistent, the wind direction of the northern hemisphere deflects to the right due to the rotation of the earth, when the tail gas passes through the gap 213, the tail gas flows to the low pressure and flows downwards along the spiral of the inner wall of the separation cylinder 21 under the action of the deflection force of the earth, and the small liquid drops are thrown onto the inner wall of the separation cylinder 21 under the action of the centrifugal force and flow downwards along the inner wall; the tail gas collides with the reflux plate 23, flows upwards along the outer wall of the reflux plate 24 and rotates upwards along the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe 22, small liquid drops are thrown to the inner wall of the separating cylinder 21 under the action of centrifugal force and flow downwards along the inner wall, finally, the tail gas after gas-liquid separation is discharged from the second exhaust pipe 22, the small liquid drops are converged at the inner bottom of the separating cylinder 21, a height interval is preset by the controller, if the detection value of the liquid level detector 5 is higher than the interval range, the controller controls the valve 5 to be opened, and fermentation liquid flows back to the fermentation tank along the liquid discharge pipe 5; until the detection value of the liquid level detector 5 is lower than the height interval, the controller controls the valve 5 to be closed. The controller receives the signal of the liquid level detector 5 to control the valve 31 to be opened or closed, so that the tail gas of the fermentation tank is prevented from being discharged into the separating cylinder 21 from the liquid return pipe 3, and the gas-liquid separation effect of the tail gas is prevented from being influenced.

Preferably, referring to fig. 7 and 9, the angle between the plate surface of the collision plate 23 and the horizontal plane is 20 °, so that two gaps 214 with different levels are formed between the collision plate 23 and the inner wall of the separation barrel 21, the gas passes through the gaps 214 to form a swirl, and flows down along the inner wall of the separation barrel 1 in a anticlockwise spiral manner, and meanwhile, the liquid drops are thrown onto the inner wall under the action of centrifugal force.

Preferably, referring to fig. 7 and 9, the cone angle of the return plate 24 is 120 °, and after the gas rotating counterclockwise collides with the return plate 24, the gas flows upward along the outer wall of the return plate 24 and spirals upward counterclockwise along the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 3.

Preferably, referring to fig. 8, a first temperature detector 26 and a first heat exchanger 27 are disposed at the bottom of the separation cylinder 21, and the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature detector 26 and the first heat exchanger 27, respectively. The first temperature detector 26 is used for detecting the temperature of the recovered fermentation liquor and sending a signal to the controller; the first heat exchanger 27 is an immersed coiled heat exchanger, the tubes in the heat exchanger are externally connected with liquid as a heat source, the recycled fermentation liquor is heated or cooled in a heat transfer mode, and the temperature of the first heat exchanger 27 is controlled by the controller so as to control the temperature of the recycled fermentation liquor, so that the fermentation strains in the heat exchanger keep activity.

Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the fermenter 1 includes a tank 12, a first driving motor 13, a rotating shaft 14, a defoaming paddle 15, a stirring paddle 16, a gas supply distributor 17, a second heat exchanger 18, and a second temperature detector 19, wherein the rotating shaft 14 is disposed in the tank 12 and is rotatably connected with the tank 12, the first driving motor 13 is connected with the rotating shaft 14 through a speed reducer, the defoaming paddle 15 and the stirring paddle 16 are both disposed in the tank 12 and are connected with the rotating shaft 14, the defoaming paddle 15 is located above the stirring paddle 16, the controller is electrically connected with the first driving motor 13, the first driving motor 13 employs a servo driving motor, the controller controls the first driving motor 13 to start, the first driving motor 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 to drive the defoaming paddle 15 and the stirring paddle 16 to rotate, the second heat exchanger 18 and the second temperature detector 19 are disposed in the tank 12, and the controller is electrically connected with the second heat exchanger 18 and the second temperature detector 19 respectively, and the second temperature detector 19 is used for detecting the temperature in the tank 12 and sending signals to the controller; the second heat exchanger 18 is an immersed coiled heat exchanger, the tube in the heat exchanger is externally connected with liquid as a heat source, the fermentation liquid is heated or cooled in a heat transfer mode, and the temperature of the second heat exchanger 18 is controlled by the controller so as to control the temperature of the fermentation liquid, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the temperature of the fermentation environment and ensuring the fermentation quality.

Preferably, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the defoaming paddle 15 includes an inner ring 151 and blades 152, the inner ring 151 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 14, one end of 3 inclined blades 152 is connected with the inner ring 151, and the blades 152 have downward defoaming needles 153. The rotating shaft 14 drives the defoaming paddle 15 to rotate, thereby forming a vortex center, forcing foam and tail gas to reach the center position along the inner wall of the tank body 12 and exhausting upwards through the exhaust port 11, meanwhile, the rotating blades 152 drive the defoaming needle 153 to rotate together, the defoaming needle 153 punctures large-scale foam to form small liquid drops, and the small liquid drops are discharged to the first exhaust pipe 4 along with the tail gas or fall back into the tank body 12 to play a role in defoaming.

Preferably, referring to fig. 5, the air supply distributor 17 includes an inner collar 171, an outer collar 172, and an air pipe 173, one end of the air pipe 173 extends through the peripheral wall of the tank 12 and out of the tank 12, the other end of the air pipe 173 is connected to the inner collar 171, the middle part of the air pipe 173 is connected to the outer collar 172, and the inner collar 171 and the outer collar 172 each have a downward nozzle 174. The air supply distributor 17 is used for providing oxygen required by the fermentation strain in the fermentation process, and is provided with an inner ring pipe 171 and an outer ring pipe 172 to realize the uniform oxygen supply function.

Preferably, referring to fig. 7, 10, 11 and 13, the lifting device 6 further comprises a lifting device 6, the lifting device 6 comprises a movable plate 61, a positioning plate 62, a second driving motor 63, a base 64, a screw 65, a sliding rod 66 and a worm 68, the separating cylinder 21 comprises an upper cylinder 211 and a lower cylinder 212, the upper cylinder 211 is slidably connected with the lower cylinder 212, the second exhaust pipe 22 comprises an upper pipe 221 and a lower pipe 222, the upper pipe 221 is slidably connected with the lower pipe 222, the upper cylinder 211 is connected with the collision plate 23, the collision plate 23 is connected with the upper pipe 221 through a supporting bar, the movable plate 61 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper cylinder 211, the positioning plate 62 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the lower cylinder 212, the base 64 is fixed on the positioning plate 62, the worm gear 67 is rotationally connected with the base 64, the worm 68 is connected with the second driving motor 63, the worm gear 67 is meshed with the worm 68, the screw 65 is sleeved in the worm 67 and is in threaded connection with the worm gear 67, the top end of the screw 65 is fixedly connected with the movable plate 61, one end of the sliding rod 66 is slidably connected with the positioning plate 62, the other end of the sliding rod 61 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the positioning plate 61. Specifically, the second driving motor 63 is a servo driving motor, the controller is electrically connected with the second driving motor 63, the controller controls the second driving motor 63 to rotate, the second driving motor 63 drives the worm 68 to rotate, the worm 68 is meshed with the worm wheel 67 to enable the worm wheel 67 to rotate, the internal thread of the worm wheel 67 is matched with the screw 65 to enable the screw 65 to perform ascending or descending movement, and the screw 65 drives the movable plate 61 to perform ascending or descending movement, so that the volume of the separating cylinder 21 is increased or reduced, and the flow stroke of gas is increased or shortened. At the initial stage of fermentation, the generated foam is less and the flow rate of the tail gas is low, the controller controls the movable plate 61 to descend, the volume of the separation cylinder 21 is reduced (namely, the stroke of the gas is shortened), so that the gas can smoothly flow downwards in a spiral manner and flow upwards in a spiral manner after colliding with the backflow plate 24, and finally is discharged from the second exhaust pipe 22; in the latter stage of fermentation, the generated foam is large and the flow rate of the tail gas is fast, the controller controls the movable plate 61 to rise, the volume of the separation cylinder 21 is increased (the stroke of the machine gas is increased), so that the gas can sufficiently flow downwards or upwards in a spiral manner, the movement stroke of the gas is regulated according to the generated amount of the foam in fermentation, and the gas can sufficiently perform gas-liquid separation.

Preferably, referring to fig. 14, the peripheral wall of the upper cylinder 211, which is close to the lower cylinder 212, is provided with a first sealing ring 7, and the peripheral wall of the lower pipe 222, which is close to the upper pipe 221, is provided with a second sealing ring 8. The first sealing ring 7 and the second sealing ring 8 are arranged, so that the tightness of the separating cylinder 21 is ensured, and the exhaust gas is prevented from leaking.

Working principle: putting raw materials and fermentation strains into a tank body 12 for fermentation, enabling oxygen to enter the tank body 12 through an air supply distributor, controlling a first driving motor 13 to rotate by a controller, driving a rotating shaft 14 to rotate by the first driving motor 13 so as to drive a defoaming paddle 15 and a stirring paddle 16 to rotate, stirring fermentation liquor by the stirring paddle 16 so as to enable the oxygen to be uniformly distributed, and enabling the defoaming paddle 15 to rotate to play a role in defoaming; foam is generated in the stirring and fermenting process, the foam enters the separating cylinder 21 along with the fermentation tail gas through the first exhaust pipe 4, the tail gas bounces after colliding with the inclined collision plate 23, the foam breaks to form small liquid drops, the small liquid drops flow downwards along with the gas through the collision plate 23 and the two crescent-shaped gaps 214 on the inner wall of the separating cylinder 21 in a spiral manner, and the liquid drops are thrown onto the inner wall under the action of centrifugal force; then the gas collides with the backflow plate 24, flows to the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe 22 along the outer wall of the backflow plate 24, flows upwards along the spiral of the outer wall of the second exhaust pipe 22, and drops are thrown to the inner wall under the action of centrifugal force; finally, the gas flow is discharged from the second exhaust pipe 22 from the top, and the recovered fermentation liquid is collected downwards along the inner wall of the separation cylinder 21 and flows back to the fermentation tank through the liquid return pipe 3. At the initial stage of fermentation, the upper cylinder 211 and the upper pipe 221 are driven by the lifting device 6 to move downwards, so that the volume of the separation cylinder 21 is reduced, and the flow stroke of gas is shortened; in the later fermentation period, the upper cylinder 211 and the upper pipe 221 are driven to move upwards by the lifting device 6, so that the volume of the separation cylinder 21 is increased, and the flow stroke of the gas is prolonged. By adopting the invention, the functions of defoaming and recycling the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tail gas are realized, and the production cost is reduced.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fermentation tail gas recovery unit, its characterized in that includes fermentation cylinder (1), cyclone (2), liquid return pipe (3), first blast pipe (4), liquid level detector (5) and controller, liquid return pipe (3) set up in fermentation cylinder (1), its one end runs through fermentation cylinder (1) top outside extension, cyclone (2) including separating drum (21), second blast pipe (22), collision board (23) and reflux plate (24), separating drum (21) top is connected with fermentation cylinder (1) top through first blast pipe (4), second blast pipe (22) set up in separating drum (21), second blast pipe (22) lower extreme and separating drum (21) section of thick bamboo wall are connected and run through the section of thick bamboo wall and are extended to outside, collision board (23) slope sets up in separating drum (21) to be located second blast pipe (22) top, reflux plate (24) are taper pipe structure, for towards collision board (23) direction shrink upwards, reflux plate (24) and second blast pipe (22) are connected with second blast pipe section (22) and second blast pipe (22) axial lead (25) and flow back shaft center line (25) of separating drum and second blast pipe (22) axial lead, the axial lead (25) of separating drum and second blast pipe (22) and the axial lead, the liquid outlet (25) is connected with the liquid return pipe (3), the liquid return pipe (3) is provided with a valve (31), the liquid level detector (5) is arranged at the inner bottom of the separation cylinder (21), and the controller is electrically connected with the liquid level detector (5) and the valve (31); two crescent gaps (214) are formed between the collision plate (23) and the inner wall of the separation barrel (21), the included angle between the plate surface of the collision plate (23) and the horizontal plane is 18-25 degrees, and the cone angle of the reflux plate (24) is 100-120 degrees; a first temperature detector (26) and a first heat exchanger (27) are arranged at the bottom in the separating cylinder (21), and the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the first temperature detector (26) and the first heat exchanger (27); the fermentation tank (1) comprises a tank body (12), a first driving motor (13), a rotating shaft (14), a defoaming paddle (15), a stirring paddle (16), an air supply distributor (17), a second heat exchanger (18) and a second temperature detector (19), wherein the rotating shaft (14) is rotationally connected with the tank body (12), the first driving motor (13) is connected with the rotating shaft (14), the defoaming paddle (15) and the stirring paddle (16) are both arranged in the tank body (12) and connected with the rotating shaft (14), the defoaming paddle (15) is positioned above the stirring paddle (16), the air supply distributor (17) is arranged at the inner bottom of the tank body (12), and the second heat exchanger (18) and the second temperature detector (19) are arranged in the tank body (12) and are respectively electrically connected with the second heat exchanger (18), the second temperature detector (19) and the first driving motor (13); the device further comprises a lifting device (6), the lifting device (6) comprises a movable plate (61), a positioning plate (62), a second driving motor (63), a base (64), a screw rod (65), a sliding rod (66) and a worm (68), the separating cylinder (21) comprises an upper cylinder (211) and a lower cylinder (212), the upper cylinder (211) is in sliding connection with the lower cylinder (212), the second exhaust pipe (22) comprises an upper pipe (221) and a lower pipe (222), the upper pipe (221) is in sliding connection with the lower pipe (222), the upper cylinder (211) is connected with the upper pipe (221), the movable plate (61) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper cylinder (211), the positioning plate (62) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the lower cylinder (212), the base (64) is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate (62), the base (64) is in rotating connection with a 67), the worm (68) is connected with the second driving motor (63), the worm (67) is meshed with the worm (68), the worm wheel (65) is sleeved in the worm wheel (65) and is in threaded connection with the screw rod (67) and is fixedly connected with one end of the sliding plate (61) and fixedly connected with the other end of the sliding plate (61), the controller is electrically connected with a second driving motor (63); the upper cylinder (211) is provided with a first sealing ring (7) near the peripheral wall of the lower cylinder (212), and the lower pipe (222) is provided with a second sealing ring (8) near the peripheral wall of the upper pipe (221).

2. The fermentation tail gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the defoaming paddle (15) comprises an inner ring (151) and blades (152), the inner ring (151) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (14), one end of each of the inclined blades (152) is connected with the inner ring (151), and the blades (152) are provided with downward defoaming needles (153).

3. The fermentation tail gas recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply distributor (17) comprises an inner annular pipe (171), an outer annular pipe (172) and a vent pipe (173), one end of the vent pipe (173) penetrates through the peripheral wall of the tank body (12) and extends out of the tank body (12), the other end of the vent pipe (173) is connected with the inner annular pipe (171), the middle part of the vent pipe (173) is connected with the outer annular pipe (172), and the inner annular pipe (171) and the outer annular pipe (172) are provided with nozzles (174) facing downwards.