CN109693531A - 多模式混合动力传动系统 - Google Patents

多模式混合动力传动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109693531A
CN109693531A CN201811198319.4A CN201811198319A CN109693531A CN 109693531 A CN109693531 A CN 109693531A CN 201811198319 A CN201811198319 A CN 201811198319A CN 109693531 A CN109693531 A CN 109693531A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
speed changer
gear set
selectively
fixedly coupled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811198319.4A
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English (en)
Inventor
张笑午
大卫·戈恩·吴
大卫·艾伦·詹森
马克·约翰·詹宁斯
格雷戈里·丹尼尔·戈列斯基
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of CN109693531A publication Critical patent/CN109693531A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/201—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with three sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2043—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912—Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/914—Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/918—Continuously variable

Abstract

本发明涉及多模式混合动力传动系统。一种变速器包括第一行星齿轮组(PGS)、第二PGS以及第三PGS。第一电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的中心齿轮。第二电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的齿轮架。制动器选择性地将所述第一PGS的环形齿轮保持为不能旋转。第一离合器和第二离合器分别选择性地将所述第一电机和所述第二电机相应地耦接到所述第二PGS和所述第三PGS的一部分。

Description

多模式混合动力传动系统
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及用于机动车辆的自动变速器和动力传动系统。更具体地，本公开涉及混合动力车辆的动力变速器中的齿轮、离合器以及它们之间的互连的布置。
背景技术
许多车辆都是在广泛范围的车辆速度上使用，包括前进和倒退移动。然而，一些类型的发动机只能够在狭窄范围的速度内有效地操作。因此，经常采用能够以多种传动比有效地传输动力的变速器。当车辆处于低速时，变速器通常以高传动比操作，使得它将发动机转矩加倍来获得改进的加速度。在高车辆速度下，以低传动比操作变速器准许与无噪燃料效率巡航相关联的发动机转速。通常，变速器具有安装到车辆结构的壳体、由发动机曲轴通常经由诸如变矩器的起动装置驱动的输入端，以及通常经由差动总成来驱动车轮的输出端，所述差动总成准许左轮和右轮在车辆转弯时以略有不同的速度旋转。在具有横向安装的发动机的前轮驱动车辆中，发动机曲轴轴线通常偏离车轴轴线。
常见类型的自动变速器利用离合器和制动器的集合。离合器和制动器的各种子集进行接合以建立各种传动比。常见类型的离合器利用具有隔板的离合器组件，所述隔板通过花键连接到壳体并且与通过花键连接到旋转外壳的摩擦板交错。当隔板和摩擦板被迫在一起时，转矩便可以在壳体与外壳之间传输。通常，离合器组件的一端上的隔板(被称为反馈盘)轴向地保持到壳体。活塞向离合器组件的相对端上的隔板(被称为压盘)施加轴向力，从而压缩离合器组件。通过向壳体与活塞之间的腔室供应加压流体来产生活塞力。对于制动器，壳体可以集成到变速器箱中。对于离合器，壳体旋转。在加压流体从固定的变速器箱流到旋转壳体时，可能需要跨过以不同速度旋转的部件之间的一个或多个接口。在每个接口处，密封件将来自一个部件中的开口的流引导到相连接的部件中的开口。
发明内容
在一个实施例中，一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器包括输入端、输出端、第一电机以及第二电机。第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一电机的第一中心齿轮、固定地耦接到所述第二电机的第一齿轮架以及固定地耦接到所述输入端的第一环形齿轮。第二行星齿轮组具有第二行星齿轮组，所述第二行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一齿轮架的第二中心齿轮、第二齿轮架以及第二环形齿轮。第三行星齿轮组具有第三中心齿轮、第三齿轮架，以及固定地耦接到所述输出端的第三环形齿轮。
在另一实施例中，一种变速器包括输入端、输出端以及第一和第二电机(EM)。第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输入端的环形齿轮和固定地耦接到所述第二EM的齿轮架。第二行星齿轮组具有选择性地耦接到所述第一EM的齿轮部件和固定地耦接到所述齿轮架的中心齿轮。第三行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输出端的环形齿轮。
在又一实施例中，一种变速器包括第一行星齿轮组(PGS)、第二PGS以及第三PGS。第一电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的中心齿轮。第二电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的齿轮架。制动器选择性地将所述第一PGS的环形齿轮保持为不能旋转。第一离合器和第二离合器分别选择性地将所述第一电机和所述第二电机相应地耦接到所述第二PGS和所述第三PGS的一部分。
附图说明
图1是根据一个实施例的表示变速器的部件之间的互连的示意杠杆图。
图2是示出合并了行星齿轮组的图1所示的变速器的一个实施例的运动学布置的示意图。
图3是示出合并了另一实施例中的行星齿轮组的图1所示的变速器的另一实施例的运动学布置的示意图。
图4是换挡图表，示出当接合两个或三个换挡元件(如“X”所示)时启用的各种驱动模式的一个实施例。
图5是根据一个实施例的基于车辆速度的变速器的转矩输出的图形表示。
具体实施方式
本文中描述本公开的实施例。然而，应理解，所公开的实施例仅仅是实例并且其他实施例可以采用各种形式和替代形式。附图不一定按比例绘制；一些特征可以被放大或最小化以示出特定部件的细节。因此，本文中公开的具体结构细节和功能细节不应被解释为限制，而是仅仅作为教导本领域技术人员以不同方式采用本发明的代表性基础。如本领域普通技术人员将理解，参考附图中的任一附图示出并描述的各种特征可以与在一个或多个其他附图中示出的特征组合，以产生未明确示出或描述的实施例。所示出特征的组合提供用于典型应用的代表性实施例。然而，特定应用或实现方式可能期望与本公开的教导一致的特征的各种组合和修改。
齿轮传动装置是旋转元件(例如，齿轮)和被配置成在旋转元件之间施加指定的速度关系的换挡元件(例如，离合器、制动器)的集合。不论任何换挡元件的状态如何，都施加一些速度关系，被称为固定速度关系。在固定速度关系中，当部件旋转时，一个部件的旋转速度与另一部件的旋转速度成正比。只有在特定换挡元件完全接合时，才施加其他速度关系，被称为选择性速度关系。例如，如果齿轮A经由换挡元件X选择性地连接到齿轮B，则齿轮A在换挡元件X并未接合时可以独立于齿轮B旋转，并且在换挡元件X接合时可以与齿轮元件B一起旋转。在以下情况下旋转元件的有序列表之间存在线性速度关系：i)组中的第一旋转元件和最后旋转元件被约束为具有最极端的速度，ii)剩余旋转元件的速度各自被约束为第一旋转元件和最后旋转元件的加权平均值，以及iii)当旋转元件的速度不同时，它们被约束为按列出的顺序，增加或减小。当元件在一个方向上旋转时，元件的速度为正，并且当元件在相反方向上旋转时，元件的速度为负。当元件的速度之比为预定值时的两个元件之间的比例速度关系。如果第二元件在与第一元件相同的方向上始终旋转得更快，则第一元件与第二元件之间的比例速度关系是超速传动关系。类似地，如果第二元件在与第一元件相同的方向上始终旋转得更慢，则第一元件与第二元件之间的比例速度关系是减速传动关系。
如果一组旋转元件被约束作为一个单元在所有操作状况下旋转，则它们固定地耦接到彼此。旋转元件可以通过花键连接、焊接、压配合、从常见实体中加工或者其他方式固定地耦接。两个旋转元件之间的直接连接意味着这两个旋转元件之间不存在其他旋转元件。固定地耦接的元件之间的旋转位移可以发生轻微变化，诸如，因空隙或轴柔量而产生的位移。全部固定地耦接到彼此的一个或多个旋转元件可以被称为轴。相反，每当换挡元件完全接合而将两个旋转元件约束作为一个单元旋转时，所述两个旋转元件便由换挡元件选择性地耦接，并且它们在至少一些其他操作状况下以不同的速度自由旋转。通过选择性地将旋转元件连接到壳体而将所述旋转元件保持为不能旋转的换挡元件被称为制动器。选择性地将两个或更多个旋转元件耦接到彼此的换挡元件被称为离合器。换挡元件可以是主动控制装置，诸如液压或电致动离合器或制动器，或者可以是被动装置，诸如单向离合器或制动器。如果两个旋转元件固定地耦接或选择性地耦接，则它们耦接；如果两个旋转元件之间的转矩流动路径中不存在其他旋转元件，则它们直接耦接。
如果元件适于固定地耦接到动力源或起动装置的输出端，则它是变速器输入端。动力源可以是例如内燃发动机或电动马达。起动装置可以是例如变矩器或起动离合器。输入端可以经由被设计成吸收扭转振动的减震器耦接到动力源或起动装置。如果元件适于将动力传输到变速器外部的部件(诸如，车轮)，则它是变速器输出端。输出元件与从动部件之间可以存在除了1:1之外的固定传动比。
对于混合动力车辆，已知电动可变变速器(EVT)。EVT使用一个或多个电机(例如，电动马达)来控制它的传动比，从而向EVT提供传动比的连续选择。输入端、输出端以及电动马达可以连接到行星齿轮。在行星齿轮组中，行星齿轮架的速度是其中心齿轮和其环形齿轮的速度的加权平均值。当车辆或变速器在EVT模式下操作时，变速器输出端的速度是如由行星齿轮传动装置组合的发动机和电动马达的速度的加权平均值。具有EVT的车辆可以由电动马达驱动，其中发动机静止不动(提供零的传动比)，或者发动机可以在连接到输出端的同时运行，其中车辆静止不同(提供无限大的传动比)，或者EVT可以在这之间的任何地方操作。
近年来，对混合动力车辆的更好性能、燃料经济性和操控性的需求和竞争都已增长。对于高性能车辆或重型车辆，当前的动力分配架构可能要求大型牵引马达来满足转矩需求。
因此，根据本公开的各种实施例，提供多模式混合动力传动系统和变速器来解决这些事实。在一个实施例中，变速器系统具有四个EVT模式、三个固定齿轮比模式以及四个电动车辆(EV)模式。与其他当前可用的混合动力架构相比，这可以使用类似大小的电机来传递明显更高的输出转矩。本文中公开的设计改善噪声、振动、声粗糙度(NVH)，并且提高再生制动能力。
根据实施例，在下文描述的附图中示意性地示出变速器(和作为整体动力传动系统的一部分的周围结构)的实例。在这个变速器中，输入端10由发动机经由诸如变矩器或在一些实施例中起动离合器等起动装置来驱动。输出端12将旋转转矩从变速器朝向例如差速器(differential)传输。附加的齿轮或链轮(未示出)可以将来自输出端的动力传输到位于第三轴线上的差速器。
图1是表示变速器1的具有三个杠杆L1、L2、L3的杠杆图。第一杠杆L1、第二杠杆L2和第三杠杆L3分别对应于图2至图3中的第一齿轮组20、第二齿轮组30和第三齿轮组40。在一个实施例中，在第一杠杆L1上，节点A表示中心齿轮26，节点B表示环形齿轮28，并且节点C表示与马达MG2和中心齿轮36共享共用连接的齿轮架22。在第二杠杆L2上，节点D表示中心齿轮36，节点E表示与中心齿轮46共享连接的齿轮架32，并且节点F表示环形齿轮38。在第三杠杆L3上，节点G表示中心齿轮46，节点H表示环形齿轮48，并且节点I表示齿轮架42。
图2是示出图1所示的变速器的运动学布置的一个实施例的示意图。图2的变速器利用三个单行星齿轮组20、30和40、两个离合器C1、C2，以及具有连接到固定壳体14的一部分的三个制动器B1、B2、B3。单行星齿轮组是一种类型的固定齿轮传动装置。行星齿轮架22围绕中心轴线旋转并且支持一组行星齿轮24，使得行星齿轮相对于行星齿轮架旋转。行星齿轮24上的外部齿轮齿与中心齿轮26上的外部齿轮齿啮合并且与环形齿轮28上的内部齿轮齿啮合。中心齿轮26和环形齿轮28被支撑以围绕与齿轮架相同的轴线旋转。单行星齿轮组施加固定速度关系。齿轮架的速度被约束在中心齿轮的速度与环形齿轮的速度之间。更具体地，齿轮架的速度是中心齿轮的速度和环形齿轮的速度的加权平均值，其中权重因数由每个齿轮上的齿数决定。类似的速度关系由可以在本公开的其他示例性实施例中实施的其他已知类型的固定齿轮传动装置施加。例如，双小齿轮式行星齿轮组将环形齿轮的速度约束为中心齿轮的速度和齿轮架的速度之间的加权平均值。齿轮组30和40具有类似结构，每一者具有相应的行星齿轮架32、42、行星齿轮34、44、中心齿轮36、46以及环形齿轮38、48。
在所示的实施例中，输入端10固定地耦接到环形齿轮28，环形齿轮28由制动器B1选择性地保持为不能旋转。因此，当接合时，制动器B1可以防止发动机输出在变速器中向下游传输，从而允许至少一个电机MG1和/或MG2(下文描述)在EV模式下推进车辆。这在图4中的换挡图表中示出。第一电机MG1固定地耦接到中心齿轮26，并且第二电机MG2固定地耦接到齿轮架22。因此，提供两个电机。在一个实施例中，MG1作为发电机操作并且MG2作为马达操作。齿轮架22经由轴固定地连接到中心齿轮36。中心齿轮26由离合器C1选择性地耦接到环形齿轮38。齿轮架32经由轴固定地连接到中心46。环形齿轮38由制动器B2选择性地保持为不能旋转。将齿轮架22连接到中心齿轮36的轴也经由离合器C2选择性地连接到齿轮架42。齿轮架42也由制动器B3选择性地保持为不能旋转。环形齿轮48固定地连接到输出端12。
在图2的实施例中，行星齿轮组20和40两者是双小齿轮式齿轮组。利用这样的布置，行星齿轮组20具有在中心齿轮26与环形齿轮28之间径向地彼此接合的周向的一组两个啮合的行星齿轮24。行星齿轮组40中存在相同的布置，其中两个行星齿轮44在中心齿轮46与环形齿轮48之间彼此啮合。另一行星齿轮组30是单行星齿轮组，其中周向的一组单个行星齿轮与中心齿轮36和环形齿轮38直接啮合。
图3是图2的示意图的替代实施例。在图3中，行星齿轮组30现在是双小齿轮式齿轮组，其具有周向的一组两个啮合的行星齿轮34，而不是单个行星齿轮。在这个实施例中，环形齿轮38现在连接到中心齿轮46。齿轮架由制动器B2选择性地保持为不能旋转，并且由离合器C1选择性地连接到电机MG1。
图4示出换挡图表。接合两个或三个换挡元件(C1、C2、C3、B1、B2、B3)的组合会建立四个EVT模式、三个固定齿轮(FG)模式以及四个电动车辆(EV)模式。在EV模式下，发动机可以被停用并且一个或多个马达可以是唯一的推进动力源。“X”指示需要换挡元件以建立驱动模式。
图5示出根据一个实施例的随着车辆的速度变化而变化的变速器1的转矩输出的曲线图。这个曲线图假定车辆被提供100kW的最大电池输出。如可以看出，在高达70mph的速度上可用超过3000nM的转矩输出。
虽然上文描述了示例性实施例，但这些实施例并不意图描述由权利要求涵盖的所有可能形式。在说明书中使用的措词是描述用词而非限制用词，并且应当理解，可以在不背离本公开的精神和范围的情况下做出各种改变。如先前描述，各种实施例的特征可以组合以形成可能并未明确描述或示出的本发明的进一步实施例。尽管各种实施例可能已经被描述为关于一个或多个期望的特性提供优点或者优于其他实施例或现有技术实现方式，但本领域普通技术人员认识到，一个或多个特征或特性可以折衷以实现取决于具体应用和实现方式的期望总体系统属性。这些属性可以包括，但不限于，成本、强度、耐用性、寿命周期成本、市场性、外观、包装、尺寸、可维修性、重量、可制造性、组装便易性等。照此，关于一个或多个特性被描述为不如其他实施例或现有技术实现方式合意的实施例并不在本公开的范围之外，并且可能是特定应用期望的。
根据本发明，提供一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器，所述变速器包括：输入端；输出端；第一电机；第二电机；第一行星齿轮组，所述第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一电机的第一中心齿轮、固定地耦接到所述第二电机的第一齿轮架以及固定地耦接到所述输入端的第一环形齿轮；第二行星齿轮组，所述第二行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一齿轮架的第二中心齿轮、第二齿轮架以及第二环形齿轮；以及第三行星齿轮组，所述第三行星齿轮组具有第三中心齿轮、第三齿轮架以及固定地耦接到所述输出端的第三环形齿轮。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一电机耦接到所述第二环形齿轮的离合器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第二环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，所述第二齿轮架固定地耦接到所述第三中心齿轮。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一电机耦接到第二齿轮架的离合器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第二齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，所述第二环形齿轮固定地耦接到所述第三中心齿轮。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第三齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一齿轮架耦接到所述第三齿轮架的离合器。
根据本发明，提供一种变速器，所述变速器具有：输入端；输出端；第一和第二电机(EM)；第一行星齿轮组，所述第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输入端的环形齿轮以及固定地耦接到所述第二EM的齿轮架；第二行星齿轮组，所述第二行星齿轮组选择性地耦接到所述第一EM和固定地耦接到所述齿轮架的中心齿轮；以及第三行星齿轮组，所述第三行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输出端的环形齿轮。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一EM耦接到所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮的离合器，以及被配置成选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，所述第二行星齿轮组包括固定地耦接到所述第三行星齿轮组的中心齿轮的齿轮架。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一EM耦接到所述第二行星齿轮组的齿轮架的离合器，以及被配置成选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，所述第二行星齿轮组包括固定地耦接到所述第三行星齿轮组的中心齿轮的环形齿轮。
根据实施例，所述第一行星齿轮组包括固定地耦接到所述第一EM的中心齿轮。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第三行星齿轮组的齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
根据实施例，上述发明的特征还在于被配置成选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述齿轮架和所述第二行星齿轮组的所述中心齿轮耦接到所述第三行星齿轮组的齿轮架的离合器。
根据本发明，提供一种变速器，所述变速器具有：第一行星齿轮组(PGS)、第二PGS以及第三PGS；第一电机，所述第一电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的中心齿轮；第二电机，所述第二电机固定地耦接到所述第一PGS的齿轮架；制动器，所述制动器选择性地将所述第一PGS的环形齿轮保持为不能旋转；以及第一离合器和第二离合器，所述第一离合器和第二离合器分别选择性地将所述第一电机和所述第二电机相应地耦接到所述第二PGS和所述第三PGS的一部分。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器，所述变速器包括：
输入端；
输出端；
第一电机；
第二电机；
第一行星齿轮组，所述第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一电机的第一中心齿轮、固定地耦接到所述第二电机的第一齿轮架以及固定地耦接到所述输入端的第一环形齿轮；
第二行星齿轮组，所述第二行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述第一齿轮架的第二中心齿轮、第二齿轮架以及第二环形齿轮；以及
第三行星齿轮组，所述第三行星齿轮组具有第三中心齿轮、第三齿轮架以及固定地耦接到输出端的第三环形齿轮。
2.如权利要求1所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
3.如权利要求1所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一电机耦接到所述第二环形齿轮的离合器。
4.如权利要求3所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第二环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
5.如权利要求1所述的变速器，其中所述第二齿轮架固定地耦接到所述第三中心齿轮。
6.如权利要求1所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一电机耦接到第二齿轮架的离合器。
7.如权利要求6所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第二齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
8.如权利要求1所述的变速器，其中所述第二环形齿轮固定地耦接到所述第三中心齿轮。
9.如权利要求1所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第三齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
10.如权利要求1所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一齿轮架耦接到所述第三齿轮架的离合器。
11.一种变速器，所述变速器包括：
输入端；
输出端；
第一和第二电机(EM)；
第一行星齿轮组，所述第一行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输入端的环形齿轮和固定地耦接到所述第二EM的齿轮架；
第二行星齿轮组，所述第二行星齿轮组选择性地耦接到所述第一EM和固定地耦接到所述齿轮架的中心齿轮；以及
第三行星齿轮组，所述第三行星齿轮组具有固定地耦接到所述输出端的环形齿轮。
12.如权利要求11所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一EM耦接到所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮的离合器，以及被配置成选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环形齿轮保持为不能旋转的制动器。
13.如权利要求12所述的变速器，其中所述第二行星齿轮组包括固定地耦接到所述第三行星齿轮组的中心齿轮的齿轮架。
14.如权利要求11所述的变速器，所述变速器还包括被配置成选择性地将所述第一EM耦接到所述第二行星齿轮组的齿轮架的离合器，以及被配置成选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述齿轮架保持为不能旋转的制动器。
15.如权利要求14所述的变速器，其中所述第二行星齿轮组包括固定地耦接到所述第三行星齿轮组的中心齿轮的环形齿轮。
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